Spanish Abbreviation Research Articles

The prevalence, incidence, and clinical assessment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in patients with demyelinating diseases

BackgroundNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is characterised by recurrent attacks of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. The purpose of this work was to identify the incidence and prevalence of NMOSD and its clinical characteristics in the population treated for demyelinating diseases in Western Mexico. Material and methodA descriptive, retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, at the Sub-specialty Medical Unit, Specialties Hospital (known by its Spanish abbreviation UMAE-HE), of the National Western Medical Center (CMNO), Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS). A review of the electronic files for all patients with a diagnosis of NMOSD in 2019, was carried out in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. ResultsFifty-eight patients with NMOSD were included in the study. The incidence was 0.71/100 000 (CI 0.60-0.85) and the prevalence was 1.09/100 000 (CI 0.84-1.42). There were 79.3% women, and 20.6% were men (P = .01). All (100%) patients presented with anti-aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G, and 89.6% showed seropositivity for anti-aquaporin-4 (CI 82.6-94.9). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 100% of patients, where 34.4% were normal, and 65.5% (38) abnormal, presenting with non-specific subcortical lesions (P = 0.04). The initial clinical presentation was optic neuritis (ON) in 58.6%; where 31.0% was bilateral ON, 20.7% was left ON, and 6.9% were right ON; transverse myelitis in 26.0%, area postrema syndrome (APS) in 10.3%, among others. ConclusionsThe incidence of NMOSD exceeds 0.71/100 000, the prevalence is low at 1.09/100 000, and NMOSD is predominantly found in women.

Translated article] Quality of Professional Life Among Dermatologists: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Suggestions for Improvement

Background and objectiveQuality of professional life (QPL) is defined as a sense of well-being derived from a balance between the challenges of work and the resources available to deal with them. Impaired QPL can contribute to burnout. The aim of this study was to evaluate QPL in Spanish dermatologists using a validated questionnaire. Material and methodsWe designed a cross-sectional study in which Spanish dermatologists were invited to complete an online questionnaire sent out by messaging applications. The dermatologists were asked to provide sociodemographic information, answer 3 open questions, and complete the 35-item Spanish QPL questionnaire (Spanish abbreviation, CVP-35). ResultsWe analyzed the information submitted by 106 dermatologists (62 women, 58%) with a mean age of 41 years (95% CI, 43.3-38.8 years). Women and department heads scored significantly higher in the workload domain of the questionnaire (P=.02 and P=.005, respectively). A heavy caseload was mentioned as the main factor contributing to impaired QPL and the main change in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. ConclusionsFemale dermatologists reported heavier workloads. Heavy caseloads and more remote work were the main changes identified after the COVID-19 pandemic. Heavy caseloads have a significant impact on the QPL of dermatologists in Spain. Reducing caseloads would improve general job satisfaction and quality of care provision.

OntoFoCE and ObE Forensics. Email-traceability supporting tools for digital forensics

This paper shows the research conducted to respond to a continuous requirement of justice regarding the application of scientifically supported forensic tools. Considering ontological engineering as the appropriate framework to respond to this requirement, the article presents OntoFoCE (Spanish abbreviation for Ontology for Electronic Mail Forensics), a specific ontology for the forensic analysis of emails. The purpose of this ontology is to help the computer expert in the validation of an email presented as judicial evidence. OntoFoCE is the fundamental component of the ObE Forensics (Ontology-based Email Forensics) tool. Although there are numerous forensic tools to analyze emails, the originality of the one proposed here lies in the implementation of semantic technologies to represent the traceability of the email transmission process. From that point on, it is possible to provide answers to the items of digital evidence subject to the expert examination. These answers make it possible to support these evidence items in the forensic analysis of an email and to guarantee the gathering of scientifically and technically accepted results that are valid for justice. Thus, the research question that is tried to be answered is: Is it possible to apply ontological engineering as a scientific support to design and develop a forensic tool that allows automatic answers to the evidence items subject to the expert examination in the forensic analysis of emails? 

Calidad de vida profesional en dermatología: impacto de la pandemia y propuestas de mejora

Background and objectiveQuality of professional life (QPL) is defined as a sense of well-being derived from a balance between the challenges of work and the resources available to deal with them. Impaired QPL can contribute to burnout. The aim of this study was to evaluate QPL in Spanish dermatologists using a validated questionnaire. Material and methodsWe designed a cross-sectional study in which Spanish dermatologists were invited to complete an online questionnaire sent out by messaging applications. The dermatologists were asked to provide sociodemographic information, answer 3 open questions, and complete the 35-item Spanish QPL questionnaire (Spanish abbreviation, CVP-35). ResultsWe analyzed the information submitted by 106 dermatologists (62 women, 58%) with a mean age of 41 years (95% CI, 43.3-38.8 years). Women and department heads scored significantly higher in the workload domain of the questionnaire (P=.02 and P=.005, respectively). A heavy caseload was mentioned as the main factor contributing to impaired QPL and the main change in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. ConclusionsFemale dermatologists reported heavier workloads. Heavy caseloads and more remote work were the main changes identified after the COVID-19 pandemic. Heavy caseloads have a significant impact on the QPL of dermatologists in Spain. Reducing caseloads would improve general job satisfaction and quality of care provision.

Effects of the mineralogical composition and particle size distribution of ladle furnace slag as a cement/fine aggregate replacement in concrete

Ladle furnace slag (LFS) shows excellent potential for valorization. Despite this, landfills are typically its final destination, mainly because of technological barriers in its valorization process. This work examines the potential use of LFS as a partial cement/fine aggregate replacement, focusing on the effects of LFS composition and particle size distribution on concrete physico-mechanical properties. Chemical/mineralogical characterization of raw/hydrated samples, fresh-/hardened-state concrete properties, and volumetric instability tests were evaluated. Our results show reduced mechanical performance with LFS replacement, reaching compressive strength values of 32-42 MPa after 28 days. LFS mineralogical characterization reveals the absence of free CaO and the presence of periclase with its hydration/carbonation products. Therefore, the weathering/maturity process mainly affects free CaO. Furthermore, the observed volumetric instability issues were within the Code on Structural Concrete (Spanish abbreviation: EHE) established limits (0.04%), suggesting that the remaining periclase could be responsible for this expansive behavior.

Translated article] Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma Registry of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV): Data for the First 5 Years

Background and objectivePrimary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are uncommon. Observations based on the first year of data from the Spanish Registry of Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas (RELCP, in its Spanish abbreviation) of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV) were published in February 2018. This report covers RELCP data for the first 5 years. Patients and methodsRELCP data were collected prospectively and included diagnosis, treatments, tests, and the current status of patients. We compiled descriptive statistics of the data registered during the first 5 years. ResultsInformation on 2020 patients treated at 33 Spanish hospitals had been included in the RELCP by December 2021. Fifty-nine percent of the patients were men; the mean age was 62.2 years. The lymphomas were grouped into 4 large diagnostic categories: mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome, 1112 patients (55%); primary B-cell cutaneous lymphoma, 547 patients (27.1%); primary CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders, 222 patients (11%), and other T-cell lymphomas, 116 patients (5.8%). Nearly 75% of the tumors were registered in stage I. After treatment, 43.5% achieved complete remission and 27% were stable at the time of writing. Treatments prescribed were topical corticosteroids (1369 [67.8%]), phototherapy (890 patients [44.1%]), surgery (412 patients [20.4%]), and radiotherapy (384 patients [19%]). ConclusionThe characteristics of cutaneous lymphomas in Spain are similar to those reported for other series. The large size of the RELCP registry at 5 years has allowed us to give more precise descriptive statistics than in the first year. This registry facilitates the clinical research of the AEDV's lymphoma interest group, which has already published articles based on the RELCP data.

Registro de linfomas cutáneos primarios (RELCP) de la AEDV: datos tras 5 años de funcionamiento

Background and objectivePrimary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are uncommon. Observations based on the first year of data from the Spanish Registry of Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas (RELCP, in its Spanish abbreviation) of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV) were published in February 2018. This report covers RELCP data for the first 5 years. Patients and methodsRELCP data were collected prospectively and included diagnosis, treatments, tests, and the current status of patients. We compiled descriptive statistics of the data registered during the first 5 years. ResultsInformation on 2020 patients treated at 33 Spanish hospitals had been included in the RELCP by December 2021. Fifty-nine percent of the patients were men; the mean age was 62.2 years. The lymphomas were grouped into 4 large diagnostic categories: mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome, 1112 patients (55%); primary B-cell cutaneous lymphoma, 547 patients (27.1%); primary CD30+lymphoproliferative disorders, 222 patients (11%), and other T-cell lymphomas, 116 patients (5.8%). Nearly 75% of the tumors were registered in stage I. After treatment, 43.5% achieved complete remission and 27% were stable at the time of writing. Treatments prescribed were topical corticosteroids (1369 [67.8%]), phototherapy (890 patients [44.1%]), surgery (412 patients [20.4%]), and radiotherapy (384 patients [19%]). ConclusionThe characteristics of cutaneous lymphomas in Spain are similar to those reported for other series. The large size of the RELCP registry at 5 years has allowed us to give more precise descriptive statistics than in the first year. This registry facilitates the clinical research of the AEDV's lymphoma interest group, which has already published articles based on the RELCP data.

The prevalence, incidence, and clinical assessment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in patients with demyelinating diseases

BackgroundNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is characterised by recurrent attacks of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. The purpose of this work was to identify the incidence and prevalence of NMOSD and its clinical characteristics in the population treated for demyelinating diseases in Western Mexico. Material and methodA descriptive, retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, at the Sub-specialty Medical Unit, Specialties Hospital (known by its Spanish abbreviation UMAE-HE), of the National Western Medical Center (CMNO), Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS). A review of the electronic files for all patients with a diagnosis of NMOSD in 2019, was carried out in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. ResultsFifty-eight patients with NMOSD were included in the study. The incidence was 0.71/100 000 (CI 0.60-0.85) and the prevalence was 1.09/100 000 (CI 0.84-1.42). There were 79.3% women, and 20.6% were men (P = .01). All (100%) patients presented with anti-aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G, and 89.6% showed seropositivity for anti-aquaporin-4 (CI 82.6-94.9). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 100% of patients, where 34.4% were normal, and 65.5% (38) abnormal, presenting with non-specific subcortical lesions (P = 0.04). The initial clinical presentation was optic neuritis (ON) in 58.6%; where 31.0% was bilateral ON, 20.7% was left ON, and 6.9% were right ON; transverse myelitis in 26.0%, area postrema syndrome (APS) in 10.3%, among others. ConclusionsThe incidence of NMOSD exceeds 0.71/100 000, the prevalence is low at 1.09/100 000, and NMOSD is predominantly found in women.

Spanish Validation of the Assessment of Recovery Capital Scale in Clinical Population with Alcohol Use Disorder.

Recovery from alcohol use disorder involves achieving certain resources for positive lifestyle changes, well-being, and long-term abstinence. The present study aims to translate and validate the Assessment Capital Recovery (ARC) in a Spanish clinical sample of individuals with alcohol use disorder, in abstinence. The participants were 184 patients who attended outpatient treatments. They were evaluated with the adapted version of the ARC (Spanish abbreviation: "Valoración del Capital de Recuperación, VCR") and by WHOQOL-BREF (quality of life scale), in one session. Statistical analysis included the calculation of reliability, convergent validity (relationship with WHOQOL-BREF), specificity and sensitivity, as well as validity based on internal structure (confirmatory factor analysis). VCR scores show appropriate values for reliability (α = .90), and a low convergent validity with WHOQOL-BREF (Rho = .33-.53). The VCR appears to distinguish between patients with early and stable sobriety (χ2 = 20.55, p < .01). The ROC curve indicates significant discrimination values (p < .05) for stable recovery (5 years of abstinence) and sensitivity of 85.2% and specificity of 71.2%. Further, confirmatory factor analysis suggests the presence of a single factor, with relatively acceptable values of goodness of fit and factor loadings. We used ULS parameter estimation to study VCR properties, an appropriate tool for assessing recovery in clinical populations of individuals with alcohol use disorder in abstinence.

Quality of Life and Dependence Degree of Chronic Patients in a Chronicity Care Model.

Background: The complex chronic patient is a person with one or several long-term diseases, the clinical management of which are considered difficult and related to cognitive or functional impairment. The chronicity care model deeply affects the quality of life and degree of dependence. Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyse the perceived quality of life and dependence degree in complex chronic patients within a chronicity care model in the Autonomous Communities of Cantabria and the Balearic Islands (Spain). Design: This was a multicentred, transversal, descriptive, and observational study on a cohort of 206 chronic patients included in a chronicity care program. Methods: Patients’ sociodemographic variables, integral valuation, nurse follow-up records, nursing outcomes classification (NOC)/nursing interventions classification (NIC), nurse diagnoses, and hospitalization data were analysed. A descriptive analysis of all data was carried out. The bivariate analysis assessed the relation between covariables and the overall scoring in European Quality of Life Scale (EuroQuol-5D), Barthel, Braden, and Chronic Patient eXperience Assessment Instrument (IEXPAC in the Spanish abbreviation). A multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted. Results: The mean age was 79.4 years (standard deviation (SD) = 9.12; range: 39–94). A percentage of 79.3% of the study population shows functional impairment in one or more activities of daily life. A percentage of 83.3% of patients showed a physical dependence. There is a significant relationship between the gender and kinship degree of the caregiver (χ2 = 18.2; p = 0.001). An overall mean score of 55.38 points in EuroQuol-5D was obtained, along with a 36.87-point satisfaction with the care given in IEXPAC. The overall score correlated positively and significantly with Barthel, Braden, and IEXPAC. The dependence levels improved slightly in the observed patients, which was a very significant outcome in statistical terms (t = 2.08; p = 0.039). A percentage of 66% (R2 = 0.66) of the score variability at the Barthel index could be predicted from Braden scale scoring. Conclusions: Dependence is not only affected by the related pathology, but also by the effect on mobility and daily-life activities, which cause a worse perception of the quality of life. The health-care model based on the case management nurse is having positive effects, especially on dependence and patients with ulcer issues.

Policies to Reduce Antibiotic Consumption: The Impact in the Basque Country.

In 2013, a change in copayment rate was introduced in the Basque Country (one year later than in the other regions in Spain), and improvements were made to drug packaging. In 2014, a National Program Against Bacterial Resistance (Spanish abbreviation: PRAN) was approved. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of change to the copayment rate, the adjustment of drug packaging, and the approval of PRAN on the consumption of antibiotics. Raw monthly data on the consumption of antibiotics (costs, packages, and daily defined doses per thousand people (DID)) were collected from January 2009 to December 2018 in the Basque Country. Counterfactual and intervention analysis (Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model) was performed for the total series, disaggregated by group of antibiotics (2019 WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) Classification) and active substances with the highest cost per prescription (cefditoren and moxifloxacin), the lowest cost per prescription (doxycycline and cloxacillin), and the most prescribed active ingredients (amoxicillin, azithromycin, and levofloxacin). Introduction of copayment led to a ‘stockpiling effect’ one month before its implementation, equal to 8% in the three consumption series analyzed. Only the adjustment of drug packaging significantly reduced the number of packages dispensed (−12.19%). PRAN approval reduced consumption by 0.779 DID (−4.51%), representing a significant decrease for both ’access’ and ’watch’ group antibiotics. Despite the delay in implementing changes to copayment, there was a ‘stockpiling effect’. With the adjustment of packaging, fewer packs were prescribed but with a higher drug load and price. PRAN approval reduced both the consumption of ’access group antibiotics’ (first-line treatment) and ’watch group antibiotics’ (second-line treatment).

IoT Smart Parking System Based on the Visual-Aided Smart Vehicle Presence Sensor: SPIN-V.

Humanity is currently experiencing one of the short periods of transition thanks to novel sensing solutions for smart cities that bring the future to today. Overpopulation of cities demands the development of solid strategic plannings that uses infrastructure, innovation, and technology to adapt to rapid changes. To improve mobility in cities with a larger and larger vehicle fleet, a novel sensing solution that is the cornerstone of a smart parking system, the smart vehicular presence sensor (SPIN-V, in its Spanish abbreviation), is presented. The SPIN-V is composed of a small single-board computer, distance sensor, camera, LED indicator, buzzer, and battery and devoted to obtain the status of a parking space. This smart mobility project involves three main elements, namely the SPIN-V, a mobile application, and a monitoring center, working together to monitor, control, process, and display the parking space information in real-time to the drivers. In addition, the design and implementation of the three elements of the complete architecture are presented.

Un modelo de educación comunitaria para la mejora de las relaciones entre las familias, escuelas y comunidades: revisión de las experiencias locales en Cataluña, Comunidad de Madrid, Comunidad Valenciana y Canarias

El artículo aborda las relaciones entre la familia, la escuela y la comunidad como elemento clave para favorecer el éxito educativo de los niños/as y jóvenes. Desde una perspectiva basada en la adhesión educativa, la implicación familiar y la educación comunitaria, el artículo presenta el Modelo de Educación Comunitaria para Familias, Escuelas y Comunidades (en adelante, MECFEC) para la mejora de relaciones entre estos agentes. El MECFEC fue el resultado de un proceso de investigación que se llevó a cabo entre los años 2013 y 2016 fundamentado en las investigaciones de J. L. Epstein. La principal metodología de investigación es la investigación-acción. Concretamente, en este artículo se presenta la última fase del proceso, realizada entre 2015-2016, en la cual se llevaron a cabo diversas experiencias locales en 14 centros educativos de 4 comunidades autónomas del estado español: Cataluña, Comunidad de Madrid, Comunidad Valenciana y Canarias. El análisis de la implementación de este modelo aporta evidencias de éxito cuando los procesos de educación comunitaria se fundamentan en:papel activo de las direcciones de los centros; liderazgos basados en la colaboración; fomento de la corresponsabilidad educativa, especialmente entre las familias; generación de espacios de encuentro comunitario; apropiación del modelo por parte de uno o más agentes.

The Lifestyles of Students from the Bachelor’s Degree in Health Education

Aim: To determine the physical activity, eating and sleeping lifestyles in undergraduate students. Method: It was an exploratory, transversal and nonexperimental research and was developed in University Center UAEM Nezahualcoyotl of the UAEM of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico. There were 200 students who voluntarily participated giving their informed consent. The participants filled out themselves the “Lifestyles Questionnaire for Young University Students” (CEVJU-R by its Spanish abbreviation of “Cuestionario de estilos de vida en jovenes universitarios”). It was carried out in the period between July and august 2017. Results: 60% answered that “never or rarely do any sport justifying that is “out of laziness” (58%), “lack of time” (18%) this group of people argumented that it involved a lot of effort getting tired easily (12%). Most days 25% of the participants eat fast food. In relation to their sleeping habits 15.61% answered that “no day has a particular time to go to bed” argumenting that is because of extreme school work or different responsibilities. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the actions so that all the students introject the acquired knowledge.

Análisis comparativo de los mercados bursátiles que integran el MILA

&lt;p class="Text"&gt;El siguiente artículo estudia el comportamiento de los mercados bursátiles que componen el Mercado Integrado Latinoamericano (MILA), durante el periodo comprendido entre los años 2008 y 2013. Lo anterior, con el fin de dilucidar el efecto que ha tenido la integración en el desarrollo de los mercados. Así mismo, este artículo estudia el comportamiento del MILA y de tres mercados de América; Estados Unidos, México y Brasil. Dicho lo anterior, se establece la posición del MILA respecto a estos. Se hace uso de información histórica de carácter público, comprendida entre enero 15 de 2008 y diciembre 31 de 2013, proveniente de fuentes objetivas y reconocidas por los mercados. Se desarrolla un análisis comparativo entre las series de retornos de los índices bursátiles correspondientes para cada mercado. Lo anterior, en base a cinco indicadores de comportamiento en los mercados: crecimiento, tamaño, liquidez, riesgo y concentración de mercado. El principal aporte de este trabajo, es servir de herramienta en la comprensión del MILA y su impacto en los mercados que lo componen. Adicionalmente, aporta a la comprensión de los mercados objeto de estudio, con el fin de realizar una aproximación a la inserción de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores al MILA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

The triangle assessment method: A new procedure for eliciting expert judgement

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is one of the most widely used Multi-Criteria Decision-Making methods worldwide. As such, it is subject to criticisms that highlight some potential weaknesses. In this study, we present a new Multi-Criteria Decision-Making method denominated the “Triangular Assessment Method” (referred to by its Spanish abbreviation, MTC©). The MTC© aims to make use of the potential of AHP while avoiding some of its drawbacks. The main characteristics and advantages of the MTC© can be summarised as follows: (i) evaluation of criteria, and of the alternative options for each criterion, in trios instead of pairs; (ii) elimination of discrete scales and values involved in judgements; (iii) a substantial reduction in the number of evaluations (trios) relative to the corresponding number of pairs which would have to be considered when applying the AHP method; (iv) consistent decision-making; (v) introduction of closed cyclical series for comparing criteria and alternatives; and (vi) the introduction of opinion vectors and opinion surfaces. This new method is recommended for supporting decision-making with large numbers of subjective criteria and/or alternatives and also for group decisions where the consensus must be evaluated. The MTC© provides a different promising perspective in decision-making and could lead to new research lines in the field of information systems.

Comunicación pública de la ciencia a través de la web 2.0. El caso de los centros de investigación y universidades públicas de España

This paper analyzes the use that the Spanish National Research Council centers (CSIC, by its Spanish abbreviation) and Spanish public universities make of web 2.0 in disseminating their research. The methodology used is based on an ad hoc checklist design for collecting data, focusing on three areas: the use of web 2.0 tools; connectivity (number of followers); and intensity (number of comments published). One significant finding was that both types of organizations made little use of social networks to disseminate their research. In the case of universities in 2014, around 40% were present on Facebook and Twitter, 22% on YouTube, and only 22% had blogs. In regard to CSIC centers, around 30% had Facebook and Twitter profiles, 18.9% were on YouTube, and 6.8% had informative blogs.

Soil and Water Conservation Technologies for Implementing Climate Change Adaptation Measures: Local Scale Proposal of Basal Project in Cuba

This paper presents an actions proposal for implementing adaptation measures to variability and climate change at local scale, based on integral diagnoses developed on the framework the international collaboration project Environmental Basis for Local Food Sustainable Production (Basal for its spanish abbreviation) in three intervention municipalities in Cuba. The crop systems diagnosed were related to: rice (Los Palacios municipality in east region of the country); beans, vegetables, fruits, roots and tubers (Güira de Melena municipality in central-east region) and pasture and forage for milk production in livestock (Jimaguayú municipality in west region). The measures adopted are related to soil and water management and also include actions for introduction of sustainable management practices for conservation and soil improvement, new irrigation technologies or improve those already in use, for increasing water use efficiency. Among the most important actions are the introduction of technologies for land leveling and maintenance and rectification of channels net for increasing water application and conduction efficiency in surface irrigation systems and the modernization in demonstrative areas with the introduction of pulse or non continues surface irrigation technologies and flexible pipes for third channels. Other remarkable the actions are linked to the implementation of Use and Quality Brigade (BUCA, for its spanish abbreviation) and the Advisory Irrigation Service (SAR, for its spanish abbreviation) for monitoring water availability, quality and use efficiency for irrigation and technical training for technicians and farmers involved in the exploitation of irrigation systems. The proposal of specifics and integral indicators for monitoring effectiveness of measures in the variability and climate change adaptation and support its performance in planning and management of agricultural sector.

Consideraciones sobre los grupos implicados y la cultura organizacional para elaborar la planificación estratégica en bibliotecas médicas/Considerations about involved groups and organizational culture to elaborate strategic planning in medical libraries

En Cuba, la gestión de información desarrollada por las bibliotecas médicas se organiza según los principios que rigen la gerencia en salud. Ello responde a presupuestos establecidos por el Sistema Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas (SNICM) y a las políticas trazadas por el Ministerio de Salud Pública (MINSAP). Para el correcto funcionamiento de estas instituciones es necesario definir su respectiva planificación estratégica, situación refrendada en los estándares del sistema, por lo que el presente artículo tiene como objetivo establecer los requerimientos que deben tenerse en cuenta para la elaboración de este instrumento, a partir de la definición de los grupos implicados y el análisis de la cultura organizacional. El conjunto de sugerencias brindadas pretenden orientar a las bibliotecarias médicas en la elaboración de esta herramienta, lo que responde a una necesidad actual del sistema.

Soil and Water Conservation Technologies for Implementing Climate Change Adaptation Measures: Local Scale Proposal of Basal Project in Cuba

This paper presents an actions proposal for implementing adaptation measures to variability and climate change at local scale, based on integral diagnoses developed on the framework the international collaboration project Environmental Basis for Local Food Sustainable Production (Basal for its spanish abbreviation) in three intervention municipalities in Cuba. The crop systems diagnosed were related to: rice (Los Palacios municipality in east region of the country); beans, vegetables, fruits, roots and tubers (Guira de Melena municipality in central-east region) and pasture and forage for milk production in livestock (Jimaguayu municipality in west region). The measures adopted are related to soil and water management and also include actions for introduction of sustainable management practices for conservation and soil improvement, new irrigation technologies or improve those already in use, for increasing water use efficiency. Among the most important actions are the introduction of technologies for land leveling and maintenance and rectification of channels net for increasing water application and conduction efficiency in surface irrigation systems and the modernization in demonstrative areas with the introduction of pulse or non continues surface irrigation technologies and flexible pipes for third channels. Other remarkable the actions are linked to the implementation of Use and Quality Brigade (BUCA, for its spanish abbreviation) and the Advisory Irrigation Service (SAR, for its spanish abbreviation) for monitoring water availability, quality and use efficiency for irrigation and technical training for technicians and farmers involved in the exploitation of irrigation systems. The proposal of specifics and integral indicators for monitoring effectiveness of measures in the variability and climate change adaptation and support its performance in planning and management of agricultural sector.