Memory Space Research Articles

КОНЦЕПТУАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПРОЦЕССОВ ПАМЯТИ В ЕСТЕСТВЕННОМ ЯЗЫКЕ: ЗАБЫВАТЬ И ПОМНИТЬ

The paper focuses on representation of memory in Russian, exploring, specifically, its spatial interpretation and semantic types of predicates objectifying mnemonic processes in relation to the time axis: actions, processes and states are distinguished. Special emphasis is on the semantics of the verb помнить (pomnit’) which is interpreted as fundamentally different from its derivatives and its antonymous verb забывать (zabyvat’) . The study is based on the hypothesis-deduction research procedure, an integral part of which is a semantic experiment conducted either in the form of surveys of native speaking respondents or in its online version, namely, in the form of Yandex and Google search requests for word combinations. In the latter case the search engines function as a “collective respondent”. As part of the research methodology, the authors used the explanatory potential of imperative forms to indicate the presence or absence of control feature in the semantics of the action verb, and established restrictions on its realization associated with aspectual opposition in the predicate system. The research allowed for constructing a matrix based on the interaction of semantic features manifested on different levels (taxonomy characteristics as action and state predicates), as well as specifying the status of the verb помнить (pomnit’) as existential-resultative in contrast to its previous linguistic interpretation as a state predicate. The results also include identifying lexical features that refer to the interaction between subjects and the memory space, and tracing the systemic metaphor-based shifts to denoting speech act in a number of memory verbs.

Interweaving memories: the Fernandes Figueira Institute through a generational perspective

Memories of care involving sick children and their mothers at the Fernandes Figueira Institute (Instituto Fernandes Figueira) are retrieved. The analysis using a generational perspective reveals the institute as a space of experiences and memories. Three sources of memories are analysed: (1) the research by Marismary Horsth De Seta with the generation that reached the institute in the 1940s; (2) the institute's 1973 activity report; (3) three interviews with workers admitted in the 1980s. It is concluded that care for children, and therefore interest in their mothers, is aligned with the global epidemiological transition, increasing the complexity of the profile of care given at the institute.

Культурное пространство как полифония

The study of cultural space involves the consideration of various areas arising from reasons of heterogeneity and various internal intentions. One example is the space of historical memory. Differences in subjective and corporate cultural spaces are noted, as well as peculiarities in various spheres of life. The concept of heterotopia is analyzed, which, in turn, is accompanied by heterochrony. A hypothesis is proposed about the structure of the content of the cultural space, consisting of meanings, values, images, texts and bodies that interact in several ways and create a variety of processes in the cultural space. The question is raised about the multiplicity of centers in which the intentions of gathering and scattering originate, creating the polarity of space.

ВЕЛИКИЕ СТРОЙКИ КОММУНИЗМА В ЗЕРКАЛЕ СОВЕТСКОЙ НОСТАЛЬГИИ

The article examines the evolution of the mythology of the great construction projects of communism in the context of nostalgia for the Soviet. The author shows the specifics of the formation of the mythology of great construction projects in the Soviet media sphere through connection with the basic constructs of the official communist ideology. This mythologem was never able to move into the discourses of historical memory, since the exposure of the cult of personality and mass repressions launched the process of undermining trust in the Soviet mythological pathos of the great construction projects of communism until its complete ideological corrosion during the period of perestroika. However, the specifics of the accumulation of primary scientific data on the history of the economy of forced labor in the USSR pushed into the shadows the real participation in great construction projects not only of the civilian population, but also of Komsomol activists who went en masse to these sites at the call of the Communist Party. The initial conditions of many construction projects were very harsh, and the objects themselves were distinguished not only by their scale, but also by their knowledge intensity, which implied their high technological efficiency. Currently, great Soviet construction projects penetrate into the space of media memory through the digital content of tourists, whomthey attract as a source of unprecedented impressions of exotic sights. The author concludes that in the case of great construction projects, Soviet nostalgia as a cultural movement works with the material, rather than symbolic, dimension of great construction projects, drawing positive connotations to elevate their image within the experience industry.

Музейные сувениры: память и забвение в современной культуре

The article is devoted to the study of museum souvenirs as indicators of the processes of cultural memory and oblivion. Based on the concepts of "memory research" by M. Halbwachs, Assmann’s self, the concept of habitus by P. Bourdieu and media studies by N. Luhmann, the representation of cultural heritage is considered in this case as a collective and personal event working to actualize and support certain ideological view, and its representation through certain marketing strategy, including souvenirs, should indicate the most valuable and important. The space of cultural memory includes both historical and cultural phenomena, as well as those associated with mythological and artistic systems; a separate issue is the transformation of ethnic or national traditions that fall into the sphere of consumption of souvenirs, therefore in some cases we are talking about "staged authenticity" or "constructed authenticity". Souvenirs become a marker of choice for both institutions and the user who has chosen a specific magnet or mug from the offered set. Over the last decade, within the framework of the event economy and new sensibility, consumers are increasingly paying attention to souvenirs with practical benefits; capable of expressing the individuality of the tourist himself; Artifacts marked as unique are becoming popular, "customization" of objects is in demand, as is the opportunity to make a souvenir yourself. A number of souvenirs over time lose their status as treasured travel items and become part of a person’s everyday culture. A separate issue is the devaluation of cultural values in the case of their presentation in the form of mass, standardized products. Souvenirs also demonstrate processes associated with "emergent" and "constructed authenticity", in which case they can be called a marker of certain trends in culture associated with the memory and forgetting of certain narratives and values.

CPU Performance Study for HEP Workloads with Respect to the Number of Single-core Slots

CPU Performance Study for HEP Workloads with Respect to the Number of Single-core Slots

Digital remembrance: Honouring Srebrenica genocide victims via #ŠtoTeNema

Abstract This article aims to track and tackle the #ŠtoTeNema hashtag to analyse the meanings generated by Twitter end-users who employed #ŠtoTeNema together with other hashtags, texts, visuals, hyperlinks, and metadata. ŠTO TE NEMA (Why are you not here?) first appeared as an alternative commemorative practice (in 2006) to remember the victims of the Srebrenica genocide (1995). In 2012, the #ŠtoTeNema hashtag emerged to commemorate human loss on Twitter and provide even more comprehensive access to this space of memory and suffering. Using multimodal discourse analysis, I examine how Aida Šehović, the artist behind ŠTO TE NEMA, with her team and Twitter's end-users, portrayed the Srebrenica genocide by employing #ŠtoTeNema. I argue that ŠTO TE NEMA has become an influential and recognisable representation of the Srebrenica genocide not only on-site but also online. This research concludes that #ŠtoTeNema gained momentum during the global pandemic peak (2020), creating inclusive access to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the genocide locally, regionally, and transnationally.

Image Compression Scheme based on Optimized K-means Clustering and Higher-Level Decomposed DWT

Image processing is a vital research domain essential in day-to-day digital activities. Image compression reduces memory space, transmission bandwidth requirement, transmission time, and computational complexity. This article aims to construct and compare hybrid image compression schemes using DWT, PCA, and K-means clustering techniques. This research proposes an image compression scheme based on optimized K-means clustering and higher-level decomposed DWT (K-DWT). Also, we have developed the hybrid image compression schemes based on PCA and DWT (P-DWT), PCA, K-means, and DWT (P-K-DWT) and analyzed the performance. Initially, we implemented compression algorithms using K-means Clustering, PCA, and DWT. Further, using the python platform, K-DWT, P-DWT, and P-K-DWT compression models have been executed on the images of the kodak dataset. The research objective is to obtain good image quality and better compression algorithms. The image quality and compression efficiency are evaluated using Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index Measurement (SSIM), and Compression Ratio (CR). The K-DWT methods have achieved a higher compression ratio, i.e., 15.3870, compared with other methods. Also, the outcomes show that the K-DWT method has provided the required values of PSNR and SSIM.

Neural Network-Based Nonconservative Predefined-Time Backstepping Control for Uncertain Strict-Feedback Nonlinear Systems.

To handle the tracking problem of uncertain strict-feedback nonlinear systems with matched and mismatched composite disturbances, this article studies a predefined-time backstepping controller by resorting to a Lyapunov-based predefined-time dynamic paradigm, a regulation function, and neural networks (NNs). Moreover, an adding-absolute-value (ADV) technique is adopted in the design process to remove the control singularity. Theoretical analyses prove the boundedness of all closed-loop system signals and the predefined-time convergence of the tracking error into an arbitrarily small vicinity of the origin. The proposed controller exhibits four advantages: 1) the actual convergence time is precisely predefined by only one design parameter irrespective of the initial conditions, and the control energy is economized; 2) no unbounded terms are adopted for predefining the actual convergence time, thus avoiding numerical overflow problem under limited memory space and gaining strong noise-tolerant ability; 3) the peaking tracking error and control input magnitude can be effectively reduced by appropriately setting parameters of the regulation function; and 4) the controller is continuous and nonsingular everywhere. Finally, a practical example of a single-link manipulator is presented to validate the efficacy and superiority of our predefined-time controller.

A patrimonialização da escola: implementação de espaços de memória em instituições educacionais de Sergipe (2005- 2018)

Abstract Considering the challenge of inserting school patrimony in debates within the field of patrimony and its preservation, this study seeks to analyze school memory spaces created in Sergipe between 2005 and 2018. More specifically, a dialogue with the concept of school “patrimonialization” is established, in addition to a discussion about the need to value the singularities and specificities of school subjects. Given this end, the sources include five collections safeguarded in public and private institutions, which consist of documents and objects that reveal educational practices from different historical periods, teaching levels, and public assisted. In this sense, this research highlights the materialization of these projects and the role of the community in relation to the paths taken by the group of subjects who contributed to the construction of their archives, with distinct choices and aims

Память и политика. Кавказская война в мемориальном пространстве Чечни

The article is devoted to the analysis of the causes of the peripherality of memory of the Caucasian War in the memorial space of Chechnya (RF). The author presents a general picture of memory in this republic and wonders why it has such a form here and occupies such a place. The analysis of the available materials allowed us to conclude that the answer to the questions posed is the peculiarities of the existence of the republic as a subject of the Russian Federation and the complex history of interaction between the Chechen people and the Russian state. The work is based on several field studies by the author, during which more than sixty interviews were collected, including with memory actors in Chechnya, and field observations. An important source also was the analysis of the media, social networks and speeches of Chechen politicians. Published in accordance with the research plan of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The author declares no conflict of interests.

School patrimonialization: the implementation of memory spaces in educational institutions of Sergipe (2005–2018)

Resumo A partir do desafio de inserir o patrimônio escolar no debate do campo do patrimônio e sua preservação, busca-se analisar os espaços de memória escolar criados em Sergipe entre os anos de 2005 e 2018. Dialogamos, de maneira mais específica, com a concepção de “patrimonialização” da escola e a necessidade de valorizar as singularidades e especificidades dos sujeitos escolares. Trata-se de cinco acervos salvaguardados em instituições públicas e privadas, que contam com documentos e objetos que revelam práticas educativas de distintos períodos históricos, níveis de ensino e públicos atendidos. Destacamos como tais projetos foram materializados e o papel da comunidade nos caminhos trilhados pelo grupo de sujeitos que participou da constituição de seus acervos, com escolhas e finalidades distintas.

Biologically Plausible Sparse Temporal Word Representations.

Word representations, usually derived from a large corpus and endowed with rich semantic information, have been widely applied to natural language tasks. Traditional deep language models, on the basis of dense word representations, requires large memory space and computing resource. The brain-inspired neuromorphic computing systems, with the advantages of better biological interpretability and less energy consumption, still have major difficulties in the representation of words in terms of neuronal activities, which has restricted their further application in more complicated downstream language tasks. Comprehensively exploring the diverse neuronal dynamics of both integration and resonance, we probe into three spiking neuron models to post-process the original dense word embeddings, and test the generated sparse temporal codes on several tasks concerning both word-level and sentence-level semantics. The experimental results show that our sparse binary word representations could perform on par with or even better than original word embeddings in capturing semantic information, while requiring less storage. Our methods provide a robust representation foundation of language in terms of neuronal activities, which could potentially be applied to future downstream natural language tasks under neuromorphic computing systems.

Research on the Mechanism of Digitalized Innovation and Development of Yellow River Culture Based on GIS Analysis

Abstract The Yellow River Basin is a complex spatial system integrating ecology, economy, culture and society. The research in this paper takes the innovation of cultural heritage in the basin as the fundamental orientation, and analyzes the influence mechanism of digitization on the innovative development of Yellow River culture through GIS. The inter-regional heterogeneity of the digital transformation of the Yellow River culture is examined through the use of the kernel density function. To examine the spatial correlation between the Yellow River basin and the development of cultural digitalization innovations, the gravity model is utilized. The Yellow River cultural industry’s innovation adaption capacity is measured through two indicators: innovation input capacity and innovation absorption capacity. Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution pattern and the trend of spatio-temporal change, it is tentative to observe that there is a possible spatial correlation between the two. The results show that the field energy variation of the Yellow River cultural memory space ranges from 0.0928 to 0.5384, and the distribution has significant spatial dependence. The logarithm of the digitization level of the Yellow River culture in 2019 is mainly concentrated around -2.2, and the overall digital development of cities along the Yellow River has not been polarized. A new framework and reference for protecting cultural heritage and promoting civilization innovation in the Yellow River basin is provided by this paper.

Lightweight Neural Network for Enhancing Imaging Performance of Under-Display Camera

Under-Display Camera (UDC) is an emerging feature of cellphone. This technology makes full-screen cellphones possible by hiding the front-facing camera below the display panel, which is in contrast to the conventional designs that place the camera in a bezel or punch-hole on the screen border. However, this novel imaging paradigm also causes degradation. The display panel attenuates and diffracts incoming light, so the images captured by UDC contain multiple artifacts, such as blurring, color shift, and low intensities. This paper proposes a lightweight deep learning approach to restore UDC images in a blind setting. The restoration network uses cross-scale modulation to exploit complementary information from multi-scale representations and capture the self-similarity across scales, aiming to find the cues for recovering distortion-free images. To facilitate the deployment of this scheme across mobile devices, especially on those with limited memory space and computing power, we compress the restoration network by reducing architectural redundancy. An adaptive distillation algorithm is designed to exploit knowledge from a pre-trained full-size model. The proposed work also interprets the behavior of the neural network in utilizing local and non-local information to restore UDC images. The proposed algorithm is evaluated over three datasets of the images captured by the cameras below different types of display panels. The results of comparative experiments demonstrate that our algorithm shows comparable or superior performance to the competing ones that are much heavier in parameter amount and computational complexities.

Secure and Efficient NVM Usage for Embedded Systems Using AES-128 and Huffman Compression

Embedded systems are customized systems designed to meet functionality and specific usage purposes. These systems often grapple with challenges such as power interruptions, limited memory space, and the expectation of a long operational lifespan. It is in this context that Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) plays a vital role. NVM is a type of memory that ensures data persistence even in situations of temporary power loss or signal interruptions. Efficiently utilizing NVM is a critical necessity for the effectiveness and reliability of these systems. Efficient utilization of NVM necessitates the effective management of write and read cycles. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficient utilization of NVM sectors by ensuring that no garbage bytes remain unallocated. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficient utilization of NVM by compressing the data to be written into NVM using the Huffman compression algorithm, and filling sectors without any residual garbage bytes. This paper aspires to advance beyond prior research by integrating the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES-128) block encryption algorithm, aiming to optimize the utilization of NVM to a greater extent. The AES-128 algorithm provides data security with encryption and decryption operations. By applying AES-128 encryption to the data before writing it to the NVM, this work adds a data security layer to the developed software module. Data is divided into blocks using this algorithm. Each block is encrypted independently and then reassembled. The encryption process includes key management, substitution-permutation network layers, and multiple rounds, all of which make substantial contributions to high-level data security. The resulting encrypted data is compressed using the Huffman compression algorithm. This process enhances both the security and efficiency of data storage. The data is written to NVM with maximum efficiency, ensuring that no residual garbage bytes remain, upon the completion of the encryption and compression processes. This study surpasses previous research by enhancing storage security and efficiency through these processes. Moreover, the developed secure and efficient NVM usage, as it fills the NVM with data without leaving any garbage bytes, results in slower processing speed compared to standard NVM usage. Therefore, in future research, interventions with code optimization techniques can be applied to the developed algorithms to enhance write and read speeds.

СОХРАНЕНИЕ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ ПАМЯТИ В ТОПОНИМИЧЕСКОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ РОСТОВА-НА-ДОНУ: НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПРИСВОЕНИЯ ПОЧЕТНЫХ НАИМЕНОВАНИЙ ШКОЛАМ

Researchers consider issues related to the study of historical memory in a broad context, because the perception and display of its individual plots can be studied from various angles, both material in the form of, for example, a memorial space, and public and state practices, such as holding fes-tive events. Research into toponymic space entails direct touch with the sphere of historical memory. With this phrasing of the topic, the toponymy of Rostov-on-Don appears to be a very in-teresting route for thinking about specific practices of conserving historical memory, such as naming schools after historical figures. Being a part of the general toponymic space of the city, they are a vivid marker of how the practices of implementing toponymic policy and preserving historical memory interact at the present stage. The authors of this article believe that studying toponymic space entails direct work on the study of the key subjects of historical memory, which are fixed in public space, by designating not just streets or squares, but also individual institu-tions. Based on the analysis of the complex of honorary names of Rostov-on-Don schools, the time of their appearance, as well as the semantic load, it seems natural to draw conclusions about the most significant and relevant subjects of historical memory preserved in the 1990s-2020s on the map of the capital of the South and the gates of the North Caucasus.

Woodlawn Cemetery

This paper begins with a vignette to situate the reader in the landscape of the Woodlawn Cemetery and gain a better context for the analysis that follows. Through primary and secondary research, the Woodlawn Cemetery reveals the ways that temporality, power, and culture are reflected in this deathscape. Historical records of the Woodlawn Cemetery support the argument that temporality is being realised in the landscape in a linear way, here, time is an important part in shaping the landscape. The concept of memoryscapes, which involves spaces of memory, show that the connection of nonlinear time also exists within deathscapes, specifically within the Woodlawn Cemetery. Power is imbued in the landscape of the Woodlawn Cemetery through burials. Burials in this deathscape serve as powerful symbols of control when considering concepts such as necro-colonialism and the establishment of war monuments. Through methods such as walking the land there are other overt displays of power at the Woodlawn Cemetery that reflect the ownership of the land and governance of access imposed by the City of Saskatoon. This paper focuses on how aesthetics are used to manipulate emotions and ease the discomfort of confronting death and create a sense of familiarity for Euro-Canadians. An analysis of the surrounding landscape and changing attitudes toward death through time support the idea that death is not something to be looked upon by everybody as it has been deemed a private affair.

El rescate de la memoria en tiempos de pandemia. Los proyectos de cooperación internacional en archivos documentales y orales gestionados por el Lugar de la Memoria (Perú, 2019-2022)

The Place of Memory, Tolerance and Social Inclusion (LUM) is a national memory space located in Lima and has the purpose of dignifying the victims of the period of violence (1980-2000). The leading role that archives have as historical sources for the study of this era was a reason for the LUM to articulate efforts and initiatives to finance international cooperation projects. The support obtained was vital because Peru was in the midst of a pandemic context and difficulties due to its current political and economic situation. In this sense, the experiences with the German Gerda Henkel Foundation will be presented to carry out a comprehensive redesign of the virtual platform of the LUM Documentation and Research Center and the drive to rescue 12 testimonies from the Narrators of Memories project as oral sources for research, both linked to the tireless task of promoting greater reflection and historical memory.

The Role of Museums in the Process of Creating a Brand City: The Case of Ankara

It is crucial to evaluate the usage practices of social networks in sustaining the urban brand. In this study, we discussed how museums as social memory spaces are subject to social media posts. The study is noteworthy because it gives an opinion about social media posts of museum visitors and determines the approach to museums in the formation of an urban brand. Accordingly, we examined the Instagram posts of social media users related to museums in Ankara via content analysis. We found that the posts shared were mainly photos. Museums were the greatest data source for the corporate Instagram accounts according to sharing frequency and they were all foundation and private museums. Examining the purposes of sharing, we determined a multidirectional social media use in the dimensions of communication via announcement, publicity and informing. Analysing the use of hashtags related to museums in the process of creating a brand city revealed that museums highlighted themselves, their activities and the city where they are located. The experience of visiting the museum creates the opinion that there is an impression of the brand value of the city where the museum is located. As a result of the study, we found that it is necessary to organize a campaign based on a specific motto to be shared by corporate accounts of museums, personal accounts of visitors, and Instagram content creators to strengthen the positioning of Ankara museums related to the city.