Modern Space Research Articles

‘Every Description of Domestic Pets Will Here Be Found’: The Rise of the Pet Shop in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century London

By the mid-twentieth century, the pet shop was an established feature of London’s retail landscape. Pet shops presented themselves as modern, hygienic, and compassionate spaces that used the kerb appeal of furry animals to lure consumers onto their premises. This article tracks the boom in pet sales across the capital from the early nineteenth century, through street trade, markets and, increasingly, shops. Animals figured as part of the consumer culture of spectatorship and display promoted by the new department stores. Older sites of pet sale were reconfigured as tourist attractions but were simultaneously criticised by observers who argued that they were problematic for animal welfare. From the early twentieth century, traders recognised the need to counteract these narratives. Shops began to use the word ‘pet’ in their titles and marketed themselves as animal welfare friendly environments with a special appeal for children. Older forms of animal retailing remained popular, however, with markets and stalls clustering in the East End.

Japanese space programs: Orientation towards the exploration of the bodies of the Solar System

The article discusses Japan’s policy in the field of space program development. The emphasis is on the analysis of scientific projects in the field of space. While, initially, the launches of spacecraft were aimed at studying the solar wind and cosmic radiation, over the years, there has been a shift in Japan’s space policy towards the exploration of the bodies of the Solar System. This was accompanied by the construction of their own spacecraft, as well as participation in international projects for the exploration of the Moon, Mars, and Mercury. At the beginning of the 21st century, Japan began to carry out quite complex missions to explore celestial bodies, where considerable attention is directed towards the study of small celestial bodies, asteroids. Assessing the current state of development of Japanese space programs, the authors note that one of the main directions of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency’s activities today is the implementation of Moon exploration projects. Together with the European Space Agency and NASA, Japan is planning another promising and ambitious mission to fly to the satellites of Mars. At the same time, the country actively participates in international cooperation, bringing together the countries of the Asia-Pacific region within the framework of the Asia-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum. Japan is an undoubted leader in this organization, which allows it to develop international cooperation in areas which are of interest to it. The analysis of the space programs implemented by Japan demonstrates the country’s significant success in the development of modern space technologies, while it has a much smaller space budget compared to the United States or China. According to the authors, the Japanese model of space research organization brings substantial results, which is based on its three components: active involvement of private business in space programs, the use of the country’s scientific potential for the development of space projects, and participation in international cooperation, which allows attracting research and financial resources of other countries for the implementation of space programs.

Соотношение социальных и персональной идентичностей: современное состояние проблемы

<p style="text-align: justify;">The relationship between the features of personality identification structures and the characteristics of modern social space does not need detailed evidence. In the conditions of "fluid" modernity, the attention of researchers naturally shifts from the structural components of the "I" to the procedural manifestations of identity. As a result, the problem of the correlation of a person's personal and social identities, which is traditional for social psychology, begins to acquire a new sound.</p>

Technology for Achieving Learning Objectives Through a System-Activity Approach and the Development of Critical Thinking in Geography Studies

This article explores the integration of technology through a system-activity approach to enhance critical thinking and achieve learning objectives in geography education. The system-activity approach, grounded in constructivist learning theory, emphasizes active learning, student engagement, and critical thinking development. By incorporating digital tools such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Virtual Reality (VR), the approach enables students to explore complex geographical phenomena, analyze spatial data, and engage with real-world problems interactively. This study employs survey methodology to assess the impact of technology-enhanced, activity-based learning on students' critical thinking and overall learning outcomes. The findings underscore the effectiveness of the system-activity framework in improving geography education by fostering deeper engagement and understanding of geographical concepts. This paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on educational innovation, offering insights for educators aiming to integrate modern technologies into geography studies to enhance student competencies in navigating modern information spaces and developing essential 21st-century skills.

Self-Regulating Space Capsule: Combining Advanced Sensors and Intelligent Algorithm

This paper presents a revolutionary approach to environmental regulation in space exploration through the design and implementation of a self-regulating space capsule. The system autonomously maintains optimal internal conditions for both human occupants and sensitive equipment. Central to this innovation is the integration of an Arduino Uno microcontroller, DHT11 and LDR sensors, and a proprietary algorithm that dynamically processes real-time environmental data. The system regulates temperature, humidity, and light intensity, activating heating, cooling, and lighting adjustments as needed. The architecture emphasizes modularity, scalability, and energy efficiency, addressing critical challenges in long-duration space missions. This novel design marks a significant advancement in autonomous environmental control systems, providing a reliable, compact, and cost-effective solution for modern space technology.

Mediatising the Lives of Internally Displaced People: Documentary and Cinematic Aspect

The purpose of the research is to prove the importance of publishing successful stories of IDP integration on the screen and in the modern information space, to outline their impact on the life of the host communities, with emphasis on the historical component, to analyse the problems of social and psychological adaptation and integration of IDPs. To establish the relationship between the portrayal of modern migration processes in literary and audiovisual works. The research methodology. The following methods were used: theoretical (analysis of films, information sources, generalisation of information material, determination of the interdependence of the components that form attitudes towards IDPs in general); comparative and analytical (study of the impact of IDPs on the life of host communities); empirical (observation of life and display of various aspects on the screen that can be used for further research). The scientific novelty. For the first time, the problems of socio-psychological adaptation and integration of IDPs are analysed in contemporary screen discourse. A literature review is carried out, and a detailed analysis is made of the interdependence of factors that shape attitudes towards IDPs as active participants in the functioning of host communities. Through the theoretical analysis of audiovisual works, the author establishes the relationship between the representation of modern migration processes in literary and audiovisual works. Conclusions. The article analyses the problems of socio-psychological adaptation and integration of IDPs in contemporary screen discourse. A literature review is carried out, and a detailed analysis is made of the interdependence of factors that shape attitudes towards IDPs as active participants in the functioning of host communities. The author summarises the factors that prove that contemporary cinema presents the issues in sufficient detail, conveying dry facts to the audience and allowing them to understand the psychological aspects of forced displacement.

GAMIFICATION OF POLITICS: VIDEO GAMES AS A TOOL FOR SHAPING DISCOURSE AND COUNTER-DISCOURSE IN CONFLICT

The purpose of the study is to examine the pool of foreign virtual reality gaming products dedicated to representing events in Ukraine from 2014 to 2024 in order to identify political images and discursive practices embedded in virtual reality gaming products. In the course of the work, it was established that video games have become an important tool for shaping political discourse and constructing political images, while revealing a significant transformation in the representation of Ukraine: from not being represented as a subject in the 2000s to positioning as an independent state after 2014. Against the background of the fact that the global video game market is about 185 billion dollars with an audience of 2.5 billion people, and 66% of Russians play video games, it is especially important to note that most games are created not by Ukrainian, but by foreign developers, while the image of Russia has evolved from neutral to negative, and after 2022, most games allow you to participate only on the side of Ukraine or its Western allies. Based on the conducted research, recommendations for the development of the domestic gaming industry are proposed, including tax incentives, the creation of their own game distribution platforms, the development of game consoles and support for mobile games, which is necessary for the formation of an effective counter-discourse in the modern information space.

The Charm of Tradition

The article attempts to answer the question of why in societies that clearly belong to the era of Modernity, including the Russian one, a huge share of legitimizing discursive practices is tied to a reference to the concept of tradition. It is substantiated that a person of the Modern era does not actually deal with tradition in its usual sense as the transfer of a relatively unchanging heritage from past generations to the present. It is shown that in modern societies, despite the abundance of assurances to the contrary, we encounter not “tradition” itself, but what is more appropriately called retropractices. Retro-practices, based on the ideas of proper behavior in a “traditional society”, are taken out of its context and placed in a modern one. Therefore, they primarily satisfy the existential needs of individuals in a modern society. Their most important function is that they make it possible to reproduce the relationships characteristic of modern everyday life by providing quasi-traditional alternatives to the relationships that dominate the modern era. In this way, the specific modern space of alternativeness and “freedom” is reproduced. Due to the presence of the space of alternativeness, a person of Modernity deals with a tamed and assimilated tradition – retro-practice. Unlike the ideal-typical authentic “tradition”, retro-practice has no coercive force; following it is voluntary. This is precisely what contributes to the charm of retro-practice (which is usually considered a “tradition”) in the eyes of people in modern societies.

Legacy of Dmitry Govorov - Olonkhohut Miterey in the context of modern socio-cultural space

The article examines the legacy of Dmitry Govorov - Olonkhohut Miterey in the modern socio-cultural space. According to ancient teachings, thought and, especially, word, have great creative and destructive power; therefore, people who possess these skills were considered special spiritual leaders on a par with outstanding shamans and blacksmiths. Thanks to the efforts of the enthusiast A. F. Boyarov, who recorded the full text of the olonkho, we know about its extensive repertoire, including the olonkho "Mulju Bege." It is known that in the 1970s - 1980s, the folk art of the peoples of Russia was in decline. However, in modern realities, there is a revival of national identity in the form of a movement for the revival of traditional ethnic culture, which leads to a more noticeable role of folklore in public life, the restoration of its origins and the preservation of traditions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the role of the olonkhohut (Olonkho-narrator) in the modern cultural environment using the work of Dmitry Govorov - Olonkhohut Miterey as an example. This study uses historical and typological comparison and a system analysis of modern storytelling. Particular attention is paid to the role of the olonkhohut personality in the context of the modern cultural space. The scholarly novelty of the article lies in the fact that it is the first to consider and analyze the personality of the olonkhohut in the context of the modern cultural environment, which has not been thoroughly studied by researchers to date. This work makes a significant contribution to understanding the role of the olonkhohut in modern culture.

Unveiling the resource potential of space debris: A forecast of valuable metals to 2050.

The proliferation of space debris poses a significant challenge in modern space exploration, with potential repercussions for the future space environment and activities. Various research and technological developments have addressed these concerns, including estimating the number of space debris orbiting the Earth and its efficient removal. This paper proposes a novel resource-oriented perspective on space debris and focuses on the composition and resource potential of space debris. This study forecasts for the first time the annual mass changes in resource materials (Al, Al2O3, Ti, Fe, Cu, and Ag) by the year 2050 by employing a debris environment model simulation. Our simulation reveals that the masses of all the studied resource elements in an Earth orbital altitude of 400km will increase by 2050. For example, Al and Ti at the 400km altitude band will increase from 3.0×106 kg and 3.2×105 kg (in 2016) to 3.8×107 kg and 4.2×106 kg (in 2050), respectively, climbing at least ten times from 2016 to 2050, on the conservative estimates with a high post-mission disposal success rate. These comparative influxes of Al and Ti in 2050 due to space debris are at least 100 times higher than the natural influxes into the Earth's atmosphere due to meteoroids, further highlighting the significance of space debris. Our simulation results suggest that space debris may hold significant space resource potential in the next 25years but can be a considerable environmental contaminant impeding space sustainability.

The Analytical Study of Dispute Resolution Methods in Space Regulations

The space sector has emerged as a lucrative market for both states and private entities, driven by unprecedented technological advancements. Private actors have become significant players in this field; however, their role is not adequately reflected in the existing legal frameworks for resolving disputes under international space law, which remain state-centric. This research addresses the gap by examining the procedures for resolving space-related disputes involving states and private entities. Using descriptive, analytical, and comparative methodologies, the study explores national and international conflict resolution mechanisms in space law. It reviews key agreements and initiatives such as the Outer Space Treaty, the Liability Convention, and Dubai’s Court of Space. The research highlights the advantages and limitations of various dispute resolution methods, including those offered by international law and arbitration forums, with a focus on Dubai’s Court of Space as a new and innovative platform. The study concludes that the rapid expansion of the space sector necessitates the development of inclusive and effective mechanisms for resolving disputes. Current frameworks are inadequate for addressing the complexities of modern space activities, often excluding private entities. Dubai’s Court of Space offers specialized expertise, transparency, and the ability to set global precedents, making it a promising solution for future disputes.

ARCHITECTURAL FORMATION OF CULTURAL SPACES AS MEANS OF ADAPTATION AND RESTORATION OF THE CITY ENVIRONMENT

The article considers features of the formation of modern cultural spaces in an urban environment as the newest objects of active public use and the creation of innovative social communications. It also highlights general scientific approaches and methods of their formation in the structure of large cities. The content of the main terms and concepts of modern spaces in the urban environment is established and the aspects related to their restoration and adaptation in the post-war period are defined. The methods of adaptation of cultural spaces are considered. Prospective trends of their formation in the existing structure of the city have been determined. Scientific and theoretical experience of the formation of cultural spaces in the structure of large cities are based on a comprehensive study of the principles and approaches to the organization of the urban environment, which serves as a platform for cultural exchange, the preservation of cultural identity and the development of the community's creative potential. In the conditions of modern urbanization, cultural spaces perform not only the function of social connection, but also become important centers of integration of the latest architectural and technological solutions that meet the needs and lifestyle of residents. Cultural spaces of large cities are characterized by a high level of interaction with other elements of urban infrastructure, reflect global trends and at the same time preserve unique features of local culture. Also, the issues of new ways of development or reorganization, reconstruction or adaptation of community socio-cultural spaces in the existing urban environment are important. his is an important aspect in the period of post-war reconstruction of large modern cities of various countries in the world. Studying the existing experience of their formation allows a deeper to figure out how these spaces can contribute to improving the quality of life, stimulate social interactions, and support the economic attractiveness of the city. Analysis and study of the methods of architectural formation of cultural spaces in large cities makes it possible to define conceptual ideas for integrating such objects into the urban environment, taking into account socio and cultural, economic, and ecological aspects. This contributes to the search for effective models of urban development, oriented toward growth and a harmonious combination of traditions and innovations in the city for improved life.

Review of Mapping Beyond Measure: Art, Cartography, and the Space of Global Modernity

Review of Mapping Beyond Measure: Art, Cartography, and the Space of Global Modernity

Space security in Indo-Pacific: an Indonesian perspective

ABSTRACT This article examines Indonesia's complex position amid modern space affairs in the Indo-Pacific. While many countries prioritise space technology for security and defence purposes, Indonesia has struggled with inconsistency since its successful launch of the Kartika 1 rocket in 1963. This article analyses Indonesia's space security policy dynamics through the absence of the word ”Dirgantara” in the Indonesian National Armed Forces Law No. 34 of 2004 from Law No. 20 of 1982, indicating a desecuritization of space threats and undermining national security. The lack of concern for space security has diminished its effectiveness as a security medium. Ultimately, this article calls for the government to reintroduce ”Dirgantara” into its legal framework and to evaluate the necessity of developing space defence capabilities.

Low-latitude Auroras: Insights from 2023 April 23 Solar Storm

In 2023 April, a low-latitude aurora observed by the all-sky camera at Hanle, Ladakh, India (33°14’N geographic latitude), generated significant interest. This was the first such aurora recorded from the Indian region in the space era and occurred during a moderate solar storm. This study explores this low-latitude auroral sighting, which happened during the sheath-region passage of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection. We analyze in situ multispacecraft particle measurements and geomagnetic field observations from both ground-based and satellite-based magnetometers. The auroral observations at Hanle coincided with intense substorm activity. Our findings indicate that the aurora did not actually reach India; the equatorward boundary was beyond 50°N geographic latitude. Enhanced electron fluxes with energies below 100 eV were detected at 54°N geographic latitude at about 830 km altitude in the predawn sector (4–5 hr local time). In the midnight sector, the equatorward boundary is estimated to be around 52°N geographic latitude, based on Hanle observations and considering emission altitudes of 600–650 km due to low-energy electrons. Thus, the low-latitude red aurora observed from India resulted from the emissions at higher altitudes due to low-energy electron precipitation in the auroral oval and a slight equatorward expansion of the auroral oval. The low-energy electrons likely originated from the plasma sheet and were precipitated due to enhanced wave–particle interactions from strong magnetosphere compression during high solar wind pressure. This study is crucial in understanding low-latitude auroras in the modern space era.

In-orbit system identification of a flexible satellite with variable mass using dual Unscented Kalman filters

Modern space mission concepts are increasingly dependent on the robust and reliable deployment of spacecraft with large appendages, such as antennas, booms or solar panels. Such deployment requires the ability to properly capture and control the coupled system dynamics, which requires accurate in-orbit system identification of the mass and structural properties. This paper utilises dual Unscented Kalman filters (DUKF) to develop an online system identification strategy that captures both the structural and mass properties, and the attitude and orbit dynamics. The dynamics of the flexible multibody problem are derived from the Lagrangian equations, with the flexible body characteristics modelled with finite element software. A genetic algorithm is used to optimise the accelerometer placement, and hence improve the DUKF performance. We demonstrate that this approach can accurately capture the coupled attitude, orbit, and structural dynamics, as well as being able to provide in-orbit updates for mass properties such as the moment of inertia. The methodology is explored for two illustrative cases: one in which the initial moment of inertia is incorrectly characterised, one in which the moment of inertia changes with time. In both cases, the DUKF approach captures both the system dynamics and the mass properties, which are captured with an error of less than 1%.

Staging Statecraft: Dance Festivals and Cultural Representations in Konark, Odisha, India

This essay argues that dance festivals are choreographed spaces that shape cultural heritage. The Konark Dance Festival in Odisha, India, is an annual program situated around the Konark Sun Temple, a UNESCO-recognized World Heritage Site. The following explores the interrelationship between the modern space of the temple monument and the modern format of festival dances in Konark. The festival project juxtaposes the monument’s archaeological value with the dances’ cultural value in choreographic neatness, which requires a critical interrogation to determine the negotiations, appropriations, and discomfort these processes otherwise entail. This article also branches out into cultural discourses beyond the stated festival that examine the historical, diplomatic, and touristic networks the dance festival often encompasses. Following the creation of the modern state of Odisha (in 1936) and of the independent nation of India (in 1947), Odisha regional dance forms were remodelled to produce the state dance Odissi, which gained national “classical” recognition in the 1960s and subsequent international repute. Odissi dance has subsequently been formulated and globally circulated as an anthropomorphic symbol of the geopolitical state of Odisha. Through ethnography, visual study, and choreographic analysis, this essay explores the (re)presentational aspects of the region-state in and through dance, which rhetorically inform the staging of the Konark Dance Festival.

Space flight mechanics theoretist and practitioner. On the 100th anniversary of the birth of academician T.M. Eneev

The article presents materials about Academician Timur Magometovich Eneev, an outstanding scientist in the field of space flight mechanics, one of the founders of modern space flight dynamics. His works have made a significant contribution to the achievements of world science. Namely, his contribution to the launch of the first artificial satellite of the Earth, the flight of Yuri Gagarin, to the implementation of flights to the Moon, planets of the Solar system, to the study of small bodies of the Solar system, to the theory of cosmogony, solving problems of genetics is great. The new mathematical methods proposed by T.M. Eneev to solve the problems of space exploration constitute the golden fund of Russian astrodynamics and are successfully used for the implementation of Russian space exploration projects. T.M. Eneev is not only an outstanding scientist, but also a citizen of our Fatherland, who responded to the problems of the formation of science, cosmonautics, cosmogony, biology and other issues of concern to modern society.

К проблеме осмысления культурного статуса города

The study of aspects of the formation of cultural status in the modern social context allows us to get closer to understanding the key features of culture, its new meanings, symbols and spiritual and value potential. If in a traditional and industrial society the cultural status was set, prescribed, conditioned by the prevailing picture of the world and acted as one of the guarantors of social stability by maintaining a social hierarchy, in modern social space the specificity of cultural status is determined by the nature of activity, is a consequence of the chosen position and can be constructed depending on the goals of individual social actors and the needs of society as a whole. The general civilizational process of globalization has its systemic effect of glocalization – the strengthening of local entities, their acquisition of a subjective status, awareness of the importance of their role and functions as part of the whole. In the context of modern social transformation, the city remains a unique space that supports a person and determines the direction of his development. This is largely due to the cultural potential of the city – the ability to accumulate values important for life, different for each historical period. These values constitute the cultural capital that determines the status of the city – its ability to influence the organization of socio-cultural reality. The methodological potential of the chronotopic approach made it possible to describe the retrospective of the formation of the city as a socio-cultural phenomenon, to reveal the features of the development of a modern city associated with the active participation of citizens in the formation of the urban environment. The organization of urban space (the development of infrastructure, transport, the creation of recreational areas that meet the needs of the population, the introduction of technical and technological achievements with respect to historical and cultural heritage) can become a "soft power" of management, create resources and meaningful life guidelines for a person in an increasingly risky world. The modern city is designed to provide security, material well-being, comfortable living, effective development, which is impossible without actualization of cultural potential. All this becomes possible with the co-participation of the administrative elite and the urban population. Clarifying the mechanisms of cultural status formation is important for understanding the possibilities of optimization in today's dynamically developing world.

Corporate Legitimacy: A Passport to Iron Law of Responsibility Evasion in Contemporary Business Space

The environment of business in Nigeria is overly getting more complex and unpredictable than ever before. This trend is occasioned by the rapid changes in social, technological, political, legal and economic forces which thus, mount both favorable and unfavorable pressures on organizations in their quest to maintain operational stability amid competition. In the light of this circumstance, organizations in their bid to remain operationally efficient often engage in some unethical behaviors which tend to question their legitimate standing and possible invocation of iron law of responsibility by the society. Following this observation, this paper theoretically examined the linkage between corporate legitimacy and iron law of responsibility evasion in modern business space. In pursuit of this, strategic adaptation. strategic manipulation and moral reasoning were adopted as manifest properties of the predictor variable. Consequent upon extant literature exploration, it was found that the society serves as a host to all businesses, and as such has the power to select in and out any business depending on its observed corporate behavior. The paper in line with the findings, concludes that corporate legitimacy is a strategic passport through which an organization’s activities and behavior is given validity and acceptance by the society to prosper. It was however recommended that that for a business to continually escape the wrath of iron law of responsibility and secure legitimacy, managers should embrace moral reasoning option in their quest to establish legitimacy, especially as it allows the organization to peacefully bargain or negotiate with the society on issues of social concern in order bring about a match between business practices and social expectations.