Knowledge Space Research Articles

Well-graded polytomous knowledge structures

Heller (2021) and Stefanutti et al. (2020) provided the mathematical foundation for the generalization of knowledge structure theory (KST) to polytomous items. Based on their works, the well-gradedness can be extended to polytomous knowledge structures. We propose the concepts of discriminative polytomous knowledge structure and well-graded polytomous knowledge structure. Then we show that every well-graded polytomous knowledge structure is discriminative. The basis of any polytomous knowledge space is formed by the collection of all the atoms. We discuss the sufficient and necessary conditions of polytomous knowledge structures to be well-graded polytomous knowledge spaces. Moreover, we provide an example to illustrate that a well-graded polytomous knowledge space is not necessarily a polytomous closure space.

The Function of Local Government in Public Policy Evaluation Networked Modern Stores in Banjarmasin City

The presence of modern networked stores in the city of Banjarmasin causes traditional business actors to feel marginalized. The distance between establishments is such close operational times that are not following regulations, as well as partnerships and discourses on a moratorium on the establishment, are the causes of the underlying policies that have not run optimally. The purpose of this study is to explore and analyze policy evaluation through the role of actors, especially the Government, in protecting the existence of small-scale business actors behind the strong capitalist economic flows represented by modern networked stores. Indicators of the role of policies become new knowledge spaces in policy evaluation studies that will provide practical benefits for the Government in seeing the natural policy conditions behind the evaluation process, which is often carried out in formal conditions. This study uses a case study method with a qualitative research approach. The results show that policy evaluation is still not effective though the Regional Government as a critical actor has played its role in maintaining policy consistency so that competition between large investors represented through modern networked shops and small investors represented by micro, small and medium enterprises, and traders runs healthily. This paper argues that a consistent public policy will impact achieving the goals and objectives of the policy, only that an economic system based on capital, motives, and interests is another factor that influences the course of a evaluation public policy.

Health literacy in Aotearoa New Zealand – what every medical student needs to do

Health literacy is our ability to manage our wellbeing at a particular point in time given the range of demands placed on us by the way the health system and health services are organised and delivered. These complex demands also include how access to health professionals is controlled and how health information is provided. It can be useful to think of health literacy as a dynamic state of knowledge, skills, and cognitive space relative to need. This helps us to recognise the ever-changing knowledge, skills, and cognitive space we need to manage our wellbeing through life. This dynamic state can also describe our wellbeing at an individual and whānau level with people experiencing many health changes over a lifetime, and disease understanding, treatment and prevention advice continuing to evolve. These constant changes to our health system and within our personal experiences means every person will have health literacy needs at some point.

On resistance and pluriversal voices of subversive archaism

On resistance and pluriversal voices of subversive archaism

Anzaldúing it: podcasting, Pláticas, and digital Jotería counterspaces

When we started the Anzaldúing It podcast in 2017, we were trying to find a healing space outside of academia to process our everyday experiences as first-generation queer Latina/xs in graduate school. We chose the medium of podcasting as our platform because of our shared experience of pláticas being transformative spaces of knowledge sharing, consciousness-raising, and connection. Drawing on the tenets of Chicana/Latina Feminista Pláticas and coupling it with jotería identity and consciousness, and literature on academic counterspaces we conceptualize five tenets that make up what we refer to as digital jotería counterspaces. As co-creators and co-hosts, we engage in digital pláticas to enact self and community care through co-learning and co-construction of knowledge, this digital presence affirms our commitment to centering queer and trans Latinx identity and consciousness. We share our pláticas with the public through the digital and host them on an online repository, and as a result, create opportunities for multiple pláticas and consciousness-raising to occur.

Writing failure: knowledge production, temporalities, ethics, and traces

AbstractThis volume follows failures out into the world, exploring how they unfold ethnographically. Taking a longer view shows how objects, narratives, and diagnoses of failures may be crafted, acted on, suffered, resisted – unmade or recomposed. Thus while tropes and diagnoses of failure can temporarily (re)organize, narrate, and stabilize the world, the kinds of failures explored here also indicate a mode of uncontainable excess that refuses the boundedness of knowledge objects, temporalities, and spaces. This volume offers three main interventions. The first concerns knowledge production: how objects of failure are crafted through selective ways of knowing that occlude both other modes of apprehension at different scales and failure's many affective valences. The second thinks through the knotted temporalities – whether pasts, futures, suspended presents, or repetition and sedimentation – that make and are made by failure. Finally, writing about unfurling failures requires careful attention to non‐linear reverberations and traces as well as to open‐ended and mobile narratives that produce different social and material effects.

“Computational analysis on verbal fluency reveals heterogeneity in subjective language interests and brain structure”

Language is an essential higher cognitive function in humans and is often affected by psychiatric and neurological disorders. Objective measures like the verbal fluency test are often used to determine language dysfunction. Recent applications of computational approaches broaden insights into language-related functions. In addition, individuals diagnosed with a psychiatric or neurological disorder also often report subjective difficulties in language-related functions. Therefore, we investigated the association between objective and subjective measures of language functioning, on the one hand, and inter-individual structural variations in language-related brain areas, on the other hand.We performed a Latent Semantic analysis (LSA) on a semantic verbal fluency task in 101 healthy adult participants. To investigate if these objective measures are associated with a subjective one, we examined assessed subjective natural tendency of interest in language-related activity with a study-specific questionnaire. Lastly, a voxel-based brain morphometry (VBM) was conducted to reveal associations between objective (LSA) measures and structural changes in language-related brain areas.We found a positive correlation between the LSA measure cosine similarity and the subjective interest in language. Furthermore, we found that higher cosine similarity corresponds to higher gray matter volume in the right cerebellum. The results suggest that people with higher interests in language access semantic knowledge in a more organized way exhibited by higher cosine similarity and have larger gray matter volume in the right cerebellum, when compared to people with lower interests.In conclusion, we demonstrate that there is inter-individual diverseness of accessing the semantic knowledge space and that it is associated with subjective language interests as well as structural differences in the right cerebellum.

Evaluating the benefit of early patient and public involvement for product development and testing with small companies.

There is a growing understanding of the benefits of patient and public involvement (PPI), and its evaluation, in research. An online version of the CUBE PPI evaluation framework has been developed. We sought to use the CUBE to evaluate the value of early PPI with two small healthcare companies during product development. Contributors were recruited online and had lived experience of either type 1 diabetes or obesity. Two1-hsessions were run with a company developing a smartphone application to manage diabetes (DEE-EM): one with young people (YP; n = 5) and one with parents (n = 7). Two 1-hsessions were run with a company developing a weight-loss product, both with adults (n = 7 in each session). Sessions were facilitated by an independent University researcher and attended by company representatives, who presented their product. One facilitator led the evaluation of the session by giving a demonstration of the CUBE and asking simple questions in the YP session. A high proportion of contributors completed the CUBE (80.5% DEE-EM; 93% Oxford Medical Products). Responses were positive to all four CUBE dimensions (in italics). Contributors felt there were diverse ways to contribute to the sessions, and that they had a strong voice to add to the discussion. Balance was achieved regarding whose concerns (public or company) led the agenda, and contributors felt that both companies would make changes based on the discussion. The supportive attitude of both companies resulted in most contributors feeling comfortable participating in PPI sessions with the industry, while recognising the profit-making aspect of their work. PPI with small healthcare companies is both feasible and worthwhile. The CUBE framework facilitated the evaluation of the interaction between experts in different knowledge spaces. We provide recommendations for future projects, including considerations of who should participate and the level of implicit endorsement of the product that participation implies. People with lived experience of type 1 diabetes or obesity were invited to contribute to one of four PPI sessions, which they then evaluated. One contributor agreed to contribute to the analysis of the evaluation data and interpretation and preparation of the manuscript.

Analisis Penggunaan Pias-Pias Kata dalam Meningkatkan Minat Membaca Siswa Kelas 1 Min 1 Probolinggo

In this modern era, almost every village, even the city, already has learning institution facilities, namely education. Education is needed to grow generations that are beneficial to the State and Religion. Beginning with a knowledge process in which a student is required to be able to read and understand the text. In this case the researcher used descriptive qualitative research. The purpose of reading is so that students can find news, information, and knowledge from the results of reading, with this reading is also carried out by several institutions, namely MIN 1 Probolinggo to educate the nation by learning to read. Interest in reading is part of the initial process for students to be able to open up a space of knowledge, experience and insight. In terms of learning the teacher uses word fragment media with letter fragments that make it easier for students to spell letters so as to produce words. This method is done so that students can read well quickly. All efforts made have obstacles, namely each student's different character and low student interest in reading. With this learning method, each student will definitely be able to read over time.

A novel concept-cognitive learning method: A perspective from competences

Concept-cognitive learning has been widely used in simulating the human brain to learn concepts. However, the existing concept-cognitive learning models mainly focused on how to acquire knowledge and its properties, but not how to solve the problems. The underlying skills for solving problems are ignored in the cognitive learning process. Indeed, a concept-cognitive learning process is always accompanied with problem solving and skill learning, and the skills are necessary for solving problems. Knowledge space theory is an effective mathematical analysis approach for knowledge assessment. Nevertheless, the existing learning paths for skill were evaluated by constructing the concept lattice, which is a NP hard problem. To overcome these limitations and problems, a novel concept-cognitive learning model from a perspective of competences is proposed. Firstly, knowledge and skills can be represented by item sets and skill sets. And a good semantic explanation between knowledge and skills is provided by a competence-based concept, which presents that one can acquire the most knowledge with the least amount of skills. Secondly, a competence-based concept-cognitive learning model and its properties are put forward to describe the concept-cognitive learning through skills. Moreover, by analyzing the sufficient and necessary relationship between skills and knowledge, a competence-based information granule structure is constructed. Finally, a transformation method of information granules is proposed to convert a general information granule into sufficient and necessary competence-based information granules (i.e., competence-based concepts). And the experimental results of UCI data sets show that the competence-based concept-cognitive learning model is feasible and effective.

Qualitative motivation with sets and relations.

In self-determination theory (SDT), multiple conceptual regulations of motivation are posited. These forms of motivation are especially qualitatively viewed by SDT researchers, and there are situations in which combinations of these regulations occur. In this article, instead of the commonly used numerical approach, this is modeled more versatilely by sets and relations. We discuss discrete mathematical models from the theory of knowledge spaces for the combinatorial conceptualization of motivation. Thereby, we constructively add insight into a dispute of opinions on the unidimensionality vs. multidimensionality of motivation in SDT literature. The motivation order derived in our example, albeit doubly branched, was approximately a chain, and we could quantify the combinatorial details of that approximation. Essentially, two combinatorial dimensions reducible to one were observed, which could be studied in other more popular scales as well. This approach allows us to define the distinct, including even equally informative, gradations of any regulation type. Thus, we may identify specific forms of motivation that may otherwise be difficult to measure or not be separable empirically. This could help to dissolve possible inconsistencies that may arise in applications of the theory in distinguishing the different regulation types. How to obtain the motivation structures in practice is demonstrated by relational data mining. The technique applied is an inductive item tree analysis, an established method of Boolean analysis of questionnaires. For a data set on learning motivation, the motivation spaces and co-occurrence relations for the gradations of the basic regulation types are extracted, thus, enumerating their potential subforms. In that empirical application, the underlying models were computed within each of the intrinsic, identified, introjected, and external regulations, in autonomous and controlled motivations, and the entire motivation domain. In future studies, the approach of this article could be employed to develop adaptive assessment and training procedures in SDT contexts and for dynamical extensions of the theory, if motivational behavior can go in time.

Shaping unified information space in industries: Problems and solutions (the case study of agro-industrial complex)

The problems of building up the single information space and industryspecific digital knowledge space are examined. The normative acts regulating and defining the creation of the unified information space of Russia, including the Strategy for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation for 2017–2030 and the RF Presidential Decree “On the approval of the Foundations of State Policy in the strategic planning in the Russian Federation”, are discussed. The purpose of the study was to analyze the current state of the process of shaping the unified information knowledge space (UIKS) of the agroindustrial complex. To form the unified information space of the industry, it is necessary to develop and adopt regulatory documents at the industry level, unified methodological approaches, software and linguistic tools, data presentation format; to design the scheme of interaction between system participants. There are 216 research institutions (RI) operating in the agricultural industry, i. e. 181 research institutes (SRI), 35 experimental stations and 57 higher educational institutions (HEI). In 2012 by the decision of the Russian Agricultural Academy, the centralized electronic library system was created, the cornerstone of which is the Union Catalog. The joint software, linguistic tools, data presentation format, and methodological foundations also exist. However, the reform of the Russian Academy of Sciences has changed the situation, some research institutes have ceased implementing the decisions of the Russian Agricultural Academy. The formation of the UIKS of the Agro-Industrial Complex requires the relevant regulations approved by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation and the willingness of the research institutions’ executives.

Kendala Mengimplementasikan Jurnal Reflektif sebagai Bentuk Profesionalisme Guru MI

Reflective journal as a record in analyzing process, performance, and follow-up through contemplation of things that the teacher encounters. In learning, reflective journals are used as a medium to improve the learning process. This reflection journal study is expected to be able to open up space for knowledge in the world of teacher professionalism. This research also functions as an accurate prototype in viewing the constraints of implementing MI teacher's reflective journals in the learning process. By using a descriptive qualitative research method, it is considered capable of guiding this research. By describing and describing the application of reflective journals as a form of professionalism for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) teachers. Reflective journal descriptions are obtained through observation, interviews, and data/document analysis. Observation sheets can be used through observation, interviews conducted with research informants, and data collection. The results of the study found three obstacles in implementing reflective journals as a form of MI teacher professionalism, namely: (1) Teachers are accustomed to writing reflective journals after each lesson, (2) Lack of motivation for teachers to routinely apply reflective journal writing in every learning activity, and (3) Dissemination is not evenly distributed to each school, so that only certain schools understand reflective journal writing and the benefits provided.

Fuzzy knowledge spaces based on $ \beta $ evaluation criteria

<abstract><p>In KST, it is always assumed that the knowledge state represents items that an individual can solve in ideal conditions. Namely, the answers of individuals to items can be encoded as either correct or incorrect. The correct answer indicates a complete mastery of the item, but the incorrect answer may indicate a partial mastery of the item. It is reasonable to use a fuzzy knowledge state to represent the partial mastery of items instead of complete mastery. The fuzzy knowledge state of an individual is represented by a fuzzy set in $ \mathcal{F}(Q) $ that the individual is capable of solving. For any fuzzy knowledge state, each item has a value that represents the level of individual mastery of the item. Fuzzy knowledge spaces and fuzzy learning spaces are generalizations of knowledge spaces and learning spaces. The generalization based on partial order is helpful to distinguish the equally informative items, which can directly induce a discriminative fuzzy knowledge structure. It is effective to use fuzzy knowledge spaces and fuzzy learning spaces to assess knowledge and guide further learning. A fuzzy knowledge space and a fuzzy learning space can be faithfully summarized by the fuzzy knowledge basis, since they are union-closed. Any fuzzy knowledge state of a fuzzy knowledge space can be generated by forming the union of some fuzzy knowledge states in the basis. A fuzzy knowledge basis is a generalization of the knowledge basis of a knowledge space.</p></abstract>

Acercamiento a la obra periodística de Buenaventura Bonnet Reverón (1883-1951)

The 140th anniversary of the birth of Buenaventura Bonnet Reverón provides us with the ideal pretext to focus on the figure and work of this historian from Santa Cruz in the section dedicated to the newspaper production of auto-res on the island's past, being aware that we are dealing with one of the researchers who exemplified as few others in the Canary Islands the use of the daily and weekly press as a space for dissemination, debate and knowledge.

The Future of Desa Pancasila as Indigenous Knowledge: Comparative Study of Balun Village in Lamongan and Nogosari Hamlet in Bantul

<p class="Abstract">Pancasila as a state ideology needs to continue to be
 actualized. One way to actualize it is to make the village one of the practical
 spaces. Villages are also an implication for the space for indigenous knowledge
 to occur. the two pancasila villages used as research objects are Balun village
 and Nogosari hamlet. Both of them have their own character and background as
 Pancasila Village. The character in each village provides sharpening of the
 character of Pancasila village as indigenous knowledge trough the worldviews.
 Therefore, this study aims to make the findings as a future concept for
 Pancasila Village. The purpose is based on the position of Pancasila Village as
 Indigineous Knowledge. The method used is a field study, namely in balun
 village, Lamongan, east java and Nogosari hamlet, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Data
 collection methods are interviews, observations, and libraries. The result
 obtained is that the ideal concept of pancasila village based on indigenous
 knowledge is to pay more attention to the relationship between individual
 knowledge and the social and environment. Focusing on the relationship of
 social cognition can provide optimization to the preservation of the
 originality of knowledge that exists in the community and the regulation of the
 direction of development of Pancasila Village.<o:p></o:p></p>

The Future of Desa Pancasila as Indigenous Knowledge: Comparative Study of Balun Village in Lamongan and Nogosari Hamlet in Bantul

<p class="Abstract">Pancasila as a state ideology needs to continue to be
 actualized. One way to actualize it is to make the village one of the practical
 spaces. Villages are also an implication for the space for indigenous knowledge
 to occur. the two pancasila villages used as research objects are Balun village
 and Nogosari hamlet. Both of them have their own character and background as
 Pancasila Village. The character in each village provides sharpening of the
 character of Pancasila village as indigenous knowledge trough the worldviews.
 Therefore, this study aims to make the findings as a future concept for
 Pancasila Village. The purpose is based on the position of Pancasila Village as
 Indigineous Knowledge. The method used is a field study, namely in balun
 village, Lamongan, east java and Nogosari hamlet, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Data
 collection methods are interviews, observations, and libraries. The result
 obtained is that the ideal concept of pancasila village based on indigenous
 knowledge is to pay more attention to the relationship between individual
 knowledge and the social and environment. Focusing on the relationship of
 social cognition can provide optimization to the preservation of the
 originality of knowledge that exists in the community and the regulation of the
 direction of development of Pancasila Village.<o:p></o:p></p>

Institute for the Study of Islamic Thought and Civilizations as an actor in the process of Islamization in modern Indonesia

The presented article analyzes the features of development and the main vectors of transformation of conservative Islam in modern Indonesia in contexts of the activities of the organization known as the Institute for the Study of Islamic Thought and Civilizations (INSISTS). INSISTS is supposed to be the intellectual center of contemporary Islamic traditionalism in Indonesia. The article analyzes the problems of the intellectual agenda of conservatives, including the ideas of the Islamization of science, the rejection of liberal Islam and the criticism of feminism. The article considers the main directions of Muslim conservatives activity as a reaction to the modernization of the Ummah and the temporary success of liberal Islam, although its influence on Muslims was extremely limited. It is believed that INSISTS appeared as an attempt to institutionalize and legitimize conservative and traditionalist trends in modern Indonesian Islam in the form of their expansion into the space of scientific knowledge and political criticism. It is shown that INSISTS, as a formally conservative institution, actually uses liberal discourse, trying to actualize the contemporary problems related to gender and feminism in the political agenda of traditionalists. Therefore, it is assumed that the conservative trends in the modern history of the Indonesian Ummah actualize the significant adaptive potential of the traditionalists.

Construction of knowledge space in accordance with the teachings of Khruba Chaiyawongsa Pattana in Karen Community

Construction of knowledge space in accordance with the teachings of Khruba Chaiyawongsa Pattana in Karen Community

Typology of how ‘harmful commodity industries’ interact with local governments in England: a critical interpretive synthesis

IntroductionIndustries that produce and market potentially harmful commodities or services (eg, tobacco, alcohol, gambling, less healthy foods and beverages) are a major influence on the drivers of behavioural risk factors...