Space Information System Research Articles

RF-CLASS: A remote-sensing-based flood crop loss assessment cyber-service system for supporting crop statistics and insurance decision-making

Floods often cause significant crop loss in the United States. Timely and objective information on flood-related crop loss, such as flooded acreage and degree of crop damage, is very important for crop monitoring and risk management in agricultural and disaster-related decision-making at many concerned agencies. Currently concerned agencies mostly rely on field surveys to obtain crop loss information and compensate farmers' loss claim. Such methods are expensive, labor intensive, and time consumptive, especially for a large flood that affects a large geographic area. The results from such methods suffer from inaccuracy, subjectiveness, untimeliness, and lack of reproducibility. Recent studies have demonstrated that Earth observation (EO) data could be used in post-flood crop loss assessment for a large geographic area objectively, timely, accurately, and cost effectively. However, there is no operational decision support system, which employs such EO-based data and algorithms for operational flood-related crop decision-making. This paper describes the development of an EO-based flood crop loss assessment cyber-service system, RF-CLASS, for supporting flood-related crop statistics and insurance decision-making. Based on the service-orientated architecture, RF-CLASS has been implemented with open interoperability specifications to facilitate the interoperability with EO data systems, particularly the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS), for automatically fetching the input data from the data systems. Validated EO algorithms have been implemented as web services in the system to operationally produce a set of flood-related products from EO data, such as flood frequency, flooded acreage, and degree of crop damage, for supporting decision-making in flood statistics and flood crop insurance policy. The system leverages recent advances in the remote sensing-based flood monitoring and assessment, the near-real-time availability of EO data, the service-oriented architecture, geospatial interoperability standards, and the standard-based geospatial web service technology. The prototypical system has automatically generated the flood crop loss products and demonstrated the feasibility of using such products to improve the agricultural decision-making. Evaluation of system by the end-user agencies indicates that significant improvement on flood-related crop decision-making has been achieved with the system.

Performance Evaluation of Near Space System for Information Process Based on Multilayer Gray Model

In recent years, near-space platforms become a major military power of research. Performance evaluation of System for a comprehensive optimization design has a very important role. For the current network-centric warfare environment information superiority significant impact on system performance, it establishes a whole process of near space information system performance evaluation index system. For the assessment of near space multi-level system performance, complexity, and other characteristics, a kind of multi-level gray comprehensive evaluation model phased approach is proposed. Using the approach for performance evaluation of near space system in information operations phase for example verifies the practicality.

The Space Buffer Analysis Based on Grid Algorithm

Spatial analysis is the core of the space information system and the key function, and also one of evaluation a spatial information system function of the strength of the important index. Buffer analysis is the basic functions of spatial analysis on spatial information system, and is the basis of many space analysis methods. Buffer analysis is to point to identify a geographic entity or space objects on its surrounding of adjacent sex or the effect and in its built around a certain width of the strip area. In this paper, buffer area analysis of the spatial objects and grid theory are explained. On the basis of above, the establishment of grid algorithm of spatial buffer area and its shortage are also discussed. Finally, it makes exploration to the method application of the spatial buffer area analysis and the aspects of port logistics.

A Simulation Approach for Analyzing MAS Model of SIS

The purpose of this paper is to explore the effective approach of Multi-Agent system(MAS) modeling and simulation. A detailed study of modeling and simulation of Space Information System has been carried out by combining controlled and intelligent requirements. To begin with we will provide a brief background on the Multi-Agent System concept and structure. Furthermore, grasp the model structure through vertical and longitudinal analysis with the consideration of emergence and collaboration. In addition, we described the Multi-agent model for Space Information System(SIS). Finally, algorithms of realizing the collaboration structures of the communication satellite system that presented in this paper were described.

South Korea's renewed focus on space weather

South Korea's renewed focus on space weather

Signed Graph Model of Equipment Supporting Supported by Space Information

According to the method of signed graph modeling, the paper ascertains parameters of equipment supporting system supported by space information, draws the signed graph of equipment supporting supported by space information, and establishes the system model of equipment supporting supported by space information. The paper defines several conceptions which reflect space information system’s influences on equipment supporting efficiency, uses MATLAB software to making a simulation on numerical value, and gets the extent of space information system’s influences on equipment supporting efficiency, which provide the theory guide and reference for equipment supporting in information warfare.

Ensuring Long-Term Access to Remotely Sensed Data With Layout Maps

The Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) has been a data format standard in National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA)'s Earth Observing System Data and Information System since the 1990s. Its rich structure, platform independence, full-featured application programming interface (API), and internal compression make it very useful for archiving science data and utilizing them with a rich set of software tools. However, a key drawback for long-term archiving is the complex internal byte layout of HDF files, requiring one to use the API to access HDF data. This makes the long-term readability of HDF data for a given version dependent on long-term allocation of resources to support that version. Much of the data from NASA's Earth Observing System have been archived in HDF Version 4 (HDF4) format. To address the long-term archival issues for these data, a collaborative study between The HDF Group and NASA's Earth Science Data Centers (ESDCs) is underway. One of the first activities was an assessment of the range of HDF4-formatted data held by NASA to determine the capabilities inherent in the HDF format that were used in practice and for use in estimating the effort for full implementation across NASA's ESDCs. Based on the results of this assessment, methods for producing a map of the layout of the HDF4 files held by NASA were prototyped using a markup-language-based HDF tool. The resulting maps allow a separate program to read the file without recourse to the HDF API. To verify this, two independent tools based solely on the map files were developed and tested.

지구 관측자료 공유를 위한 메타데이터 연구

The purpose of this study is to design the metadata for sharing and efficiently using the informations of Earth Observations in Korea. Recently the GEO(Group on Earth Observations) has been starting to manage all nation`s informations in a way that benefits the environment as well as humanity by taking a pulse of the plants. For that reason, we have to construct the infra-system to manage and integrate the 12 social benefit areas in Korea; disaster, health, energy, climate, water, biodiversity, agriculture, forest, ocean, space information and geographical information system(GIS). But these informations have only been managed with varied metadatas in each area of observation, and then it is difficult to integrate varied informations. In this study, we solve the problem with meta-metadata.

Проблемы использования волоконно-оптических элементов в оптико-электронных изображающих приборах космических информационных систем

Проблемы использования волоконно-оптических элементов в оптико-электронных изображающих приборах космических информационных систем

Concept representation, factor space theory and information systems research

This paper describes the basic constructs of the factor space theory. We first analyze relationships between factors and define operations of factors. We then introduce the notion of the description frame—an extension of Euclidean space. We show how the description frame may be applied to the representation of concepts and knowledge. Examples of applications to information systems are included. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Concept representation, factor space theory and information systems research

This paper describes the basic constructs of the factor space theory. We first analyze relationships between factors and define operations of factors. We then introduce the notion of the description frame—an extension of Euclidean space. We show how the description frame may be applied to the representation of concepts and knowledge. Examples of applications to information systems are included. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Precision Control Systems of Motion on Russian Spacecraft for Ecological Remote Sensing

Central Specialized Design Bureau (TsSKB) is the leading Russian State organization in development of space technologies and information systems for the remote sensing of the Earth. We briefly present our recent research results and technologies on developing and testing precision control systems of motion on Russian low-orbital spacecrafts for solving various nature-protectional problems, including actual problems of the ecological monitoring.

Anthropology, space, and geographic information systems

Anthropology, space, and geographic information systems

Climatological satellite monitoring of urbanized areas with SIS

The city of Rennes, Brittany, being under consideration, satellite imagery data are included in a climatological SIS (Space Information System) in order to estimate their temporal variables. The present study clearly shows that the climatological SIS to be updated can be identified particularly over urbanized areas. The proposed method used to determine SIS data updating is based on the connection between each pixel spectral signature variability with spatial variations which can be associated to that pixel temporal information degradation. The method under consideration can provide restoration information periods, taking also into account the internal structure of pixels as both simple and complex structural areas, including urbanized zones.

A Study on Presentation Method of City Space Information with 3 Dimensions

The method of information processing, which treats the plane and large area data by GIS, is not used for architectural designing that chiefly treats architectural and human scale data for area planning and redevelopment planning. In large area design based on much information of processing, we need three dimensional and narrow space information system made of data of architectural scale. The development of method that bridges between GIS and this system is desirable. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the visual method of the three dimensional meshmap which we have tackled since 1992 and to verify its efficacy as a method to analyze spatial composition.

Information management in federal agencies: The neglected piece of the IRM puzzle

In an attempt to highlight the importance of managing information as a corporate resource, this article presents several examples of recent attempts by Federal agencies to cope with information management issues. These examples include the Department of Defense's Corporate Information Management (CIM) program, the Federal Aviation Administration's Operational Data Management System (ODMS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS). Aspects of these information management activities are highlighted that demonstrate differential agency responses to system development needs and requirements.

On-line Access to Weather Satellite Imagery and Image Manipulation Software

Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Imagery, received by antennas located at the University of Colorado, are made available to the Internet users through an on-line data access system. Created as a 'test bed' data system for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's future Earth Observing System Data and Information System, this test bed provides an opportunity to test both the technical requirements of an on-line data system and the different ways in which the general user community would employ such a system. Initiated in December 1991, the basic data system experienced four major evolutionary changes in response to user requests and requirements. Features added with these changes were the addition of on-line browse, user subsetting, and dynamic image processing/navigation. Over its lifetime the system has grown to a maximum of over 2500 registered users, and after losing many of these users due to hardware changes, the system is once again growing with its own independent mass storage system.

Hands-on keyboard: The multifunctional tutorial for teaching and practical training of space-technology at the Berlin University of Technology

The multifunctional tutorial for teaching and practical training of space technology at the Aerospace Institute of Berlin University of Technology (BUT) is a research project designed to exploit certain features of expert systems for the management of a complex space education and information system. This paper describes this new approach to computer aided teaching and research. The system comprises databases, a complex of modelling features, a large technical library and files of the lectures presented during courses. The databases include a complete inventory of international launch vehicles and all major conceptual vehicle designs and their parameters (presently 125 systems) and details of rocket launches since 1957 (presently 3508 launches). Another base contains all major data of about 340 rocket motors and thrusters; yet another holds more than 700 data sheets concerning published data of cost and prices of the development, production and operation of launchers, stages, subsystems and related infrastructure. This paper presents the structure of the tutorial which is in accordance with the lectures offered and assures easy use accomplished by self-explanatory graphical menu-guidance and pictograms, visual representation of choices and a help-system based on practical experience. The structure of simulation and modelling has a wide range of degrees of freedom with strict separation between input parameters and derived values, strict indication of limitations (range of valid inputs) and with intelligent monitoring of inputs for possible contradictions.

Multiwavelength astronomy using ESIS

We present results on multi-frequency astronomy obtained using the European Space Information System, ESIS. ESIS is an ESA service designed to access, manipulate and combine archival data from a number of remote archives in the fields of Astronomy and Space Physics. The examples presented here include plots of radio-to-X-ray energy distribution of Active Galactic Nuclei, spectrograms of IUE/UV data, direct comparison of images from different experiments and overlay of catalogue sources on image data. The ESIS project is currently reaching the end of its pilot phase. Its services will be available to the general astronomical community in 1993.

Arhitektura prostomih informacijskih sustava

This paper deals with the architecture of space information systems. These systems make part of the information science discipline: the space information science, dealing with compilation, processing, storing to memory and dissemination of space-related information within the scope of successful and effective making use of land, being itself a major national resource. Detailed review covers all contents of information system which in the majority of progressive nations make part of a separate scientific discipline of space information science.