Housing Space Research Articles

Decreasing the urban carbon footprint with woody biomass biochar in the united states of america

Urban centers are places with a high human population concentration, and they can pose social, economic, and environmental challenges. These challenges are accentuated by the increased use of available open space for housing and industrial expansion, leading to elevated energy consumption, increased pollution, higher carbon emissions, and, consequently, adverse effects on human health. Many of these issues also contribute to the acceleration of climate change. There are several ways to decrease these problems through the expansion of greenspaces that conserve biodiversity, decrease air pollution, improve human well-being, and reduce human health risks, while also allowing people to enjoy the benefits of ecosystem services. This review is aimed at professionals who can manage urban landscapes - including adjacent forests, urban parks, tree beds, or home gardens that produce biomass that, together with other non-chemically treated wood waste, could be used to produce and use biochar. Biochar-amended soils provide the benefits of increased carbon sequestration, water retention, and soil productivity and can also decrease stormwater runoff. In addition, a small number of cities around the world have adopted biochar as a nature-based solution to decrease the impacts of climate change. We point out the opportunities and benefits of converting urban wood waste into biochar, how cities can improve their green environments, and, at the same time, produce energy from waste that would otherwise end in landfills with no use or value. Finally, based on previous assessments of wood waste in the United States of America, we estimate the biochar potential to sequester CO2.

Capitalised nonmarket benefits of multifunctional water‐sensitive urban infrastructure: A case of living streams

AbstractLiving streams are an important element of decentralised stormwater management solutions. They are actively promoted due to their ability to generate multiple ecosystem services, including water quality improvement, biodiversity protection and aesthetics. However, a lack of monetised values of ecosystem services of living stream projects makes it difficult to assess the net benefits of investing in such projects. This study uses the hedonic pricing method to estimate the capitalised amenity values of living streams and other public open spaces (POS) in housing and lot markets for the first time. The study area includes two newly greenfield‐developed suburbs in the Perth metropolitan area. We find the positive impact of living streams and other POS on the house and lot prices. However, living streams generate greater value than other types of POS. Furthermore, the POS (including living streams) that support active recreation are valued more than basic POS without active recreation features. Finally, we observe, for the first time, that the benefits of planned but not yet constructed POS (including living stream) are similar to the completed POS (including living stream) in both housing and lot markets. This information is useful for policymakers and developers making informed decisions about water‐sensitive urban infrastructure.

“I’m Home”: “Russian” Houses in Germany and Their Objects

Abstract In this article, I will focus on the study of the living space in houses of Russian-speaking emigrants in 1990s–2000s in Germany. I will discuss the “home” in several aspects: in a wide sense as a place on Earth where people’s life goes on, as physically built environment where a family dwells, and as objectified everyday life in the interiors. The choice of objects and furnishings for a “Russian” house in Germany cannot be classified, but it is unique and is associated with the biographies of the owners, the history of each individual family, as well as the history of moving to Germany. The “Russian” house in Germany turns out to be a complex phenomenon: it can be seen as a safe space, escape from the outside world, and offering emotional comfort. It is a place for representation of family and personal values, the owners’ identity, and preferences. It is also a scene where scenarios of relationships between a person and objects unfold. The objects that a person places in his/her house appear as objectified memories of life events and other people, reflecting the importance of family and interpersonal relationships expressed in gifts, photos, children’s drawings, and crafts. In a new place, people are no longer limited to a set of typical furnishing patterns that were dictated by a shortage of goods and ideas in the country of origin. House owners show their personality, trying to make their home different from that in the place of origin and introduce a non-standard style of European interiors in their homes, yet unwittingly they often reproduce stereotypes and fragments from their previous houses where they lived before migrating.

APPRISING THE CHANGE IN OCCUPANTS’ AND DESIGNERS’ APPROACH APROPOS SPATIAL LAYOUTS POST-COVID-19

The purpose of the study provides thought to change in occupants’ approach in reference to internal spatial layouts post-covid-19 and re-examines the factors that influenced the change in internal spaces of residences and offices. Five constructs are identified to prove the change in occupants’ approach in reference to spatial layouts post-covid-19 in internal spaces.The Design methodology includes 400 participants of Chandigarh-Tricity responded to the questionnaire. The questionnaire was finalized after a pilot study and considered standard scale items referred from the literature review. A chi-square, one-ANOVA test research tool has been applied for the analysis of the proposed research model.The findings show that there is a need for transformation of the internal housing spaces required post-covid-19. Many of the indicators have shown significant changes in behaviour due to characteristics of the house, neighborhood amenities, income levels, occupation types and household size. The change in occupants’ approach during the pandemic offers an opportunity for aspiring interior designers, practicing interior designers, and academicians to reconsider their approach towards the planning of internal spaces in housing.The research study has shown a strong change in (i) the occupant’s approach in reference to spatial arrangements post-covid and (ii) the interior design approach post-covid and (iii) achieving much-required resilience through design from future Pandemics shocks.The change in occupant’s and designer’s approach during covid-19/post- covid-19 has offered to consider reimagining interior layouts, work-from-home spaces, flexible spaces, convertible furniture, in-house recreational spaces, work-out spaces, and spaces suitable for self-isolation for medical purposes.

The “Mesmerised States” of Becoming-Woman in D. H. Lawrence’s The Virgin and The Gipsy

D. H. Lawrence introduces a new ontological dimension into his writing, emphasising the primacy of unbounded desire over oedipal structures situated in the social, political and sexual spheres. His writing often seeks to formulate unstructured, non-oedipalised, and non- binary relations to liberate life from its congealments and established boundaries, and to articulate it in its immanence. These new relations suggest a shift from “being” to "Deleuzian" becomings. The Virgin and the Gipsy (1930) is one of Lawrence’s novels in which characters are transposed into such becomings primarily in the form of becoming-woman. Becoming- woman in the novel calls for new modes of relationality going beyond the molar paradigms of sexual and religious identity imposed within the striated space of the Rectory house, and promises "mesmerised states" of transgression. This paper aims to investigate this affective trajectory of becoming-woman in Lawrence’ The Virgin and the Gipsy in the light of Deleuze and Guattari’s theories. Keywords: Oedipalisation, Becoming-Woman, Lawrence, Deleuze and Guattari, Affect.

Social sustainability in brick decoration and architectural space of Qajar houses in Dezful by Delphi method

PurposeSocial sustainability is one of the influential concepts in architecture and urban planning that is formed under the influence of individual and physical factors. In such a way that its effects on the spatial architecture and decorations can be studied. The issue of social sustainability also plays an important role in the quality of life and examines the place of thinking of a society. On the other hand, the study of this issue in the historical cities is a subject that provides the basis for studying the city of Dezful as a bed with a valuable historical background. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain and evaluate the components of social sustainability in the historical architecture.MethodologyThis research is a combination of Delphi and descriptive-analytical methods that have been identified using field studies, libraries and interviews. Also, the effective components in social sustainability are evaluated by Delphi and then the subject is explained by describing each component.ResultFindings based on the research framework show that there is a different level of social sustainability. This issue is based on the macro criteria of social participation, security and quality of life and has different components.ConclusionThe conclusion of the research shows that the effective components in the sustainability of historical houses in Dezful, plays a significant role in personal and physical relationships and create satisfaction and attachment to the architectural structure. This issue is created by strategies based on sustainability of components and preserves the identity of architecture.

Temperament analysis of house spaces based on the presence of four elements, Case study of Bushehr historical houses

Temperament analysis of house spaces based on the presence of four elements, Case study of Bushehr historical houses

Apartment Space Planning Directions for Infectious Disease Prevention and Management: Insights Based on Residents’ Experiences

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised people’s interest in pandemic-safe housing. This study aims to present insights into apartment housing space design to prevent and manage infectious diseases based on the actual living experiences of apartment residents. The relevant literature was reviewed, and overall satisfaction was assessed through a questionnaire targeting apartment residents in South Korea. Finally, using the photovoice method, residents’ space needs were identified. By applying a mixed-use methodology and identifying the needs of residents, the following two recommendations were derived: (1) a flexible space plan to support multifunctional use while securing work efficiency and privacy in the living room, bedroom, and space for hobbies/work/learning; (2) a facility for removing contaminants at the entrance with sufficient storage space. The residents emphasized the importance of non-structural changes to the space and the convenience of use to increase actual space utilization. When planning future pandemic-safe apartment housing spaces, it is important to consider structural aspects like functionality and facilities. Convenience of use and methods of supporting family members’ privacy should also be taken into account.

畜禽舍空间相控分裂导线复合除尘杀菌装置设计研究

Livestock scale breeding is the inevitable trend of future livestock and poultry husbandry. Closed breeding requires excellent environment and livestock and poultry housings contain a lot of dust, pathogenic microorganisms and harmful gases, affecting the health of livestock and poultry and breeding personnel. Most of the common sterilization and dust collection devices for livestock and poultry housings on the market are too high energy consumption, and easy to cause secondary pollution. Therefore, an environmental purification device was designed to absorb dust in the air and kill harmful bacteria by using high voltage pulsed electric field. The device was designed using phase control principle and bundled conductor. COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to simulate the layout of single conductor, twin bundled conductor and quad bundled conductor. It was found that when the conductor was designed as twin bundled conductor or quad bundled conductor, the gradient distribution of spatial electric field intensity was more uniform and the downward trend of electric field was slower, which could effectively improve the dust collection and sterilization efficiency of the device. At the same time, a variety of electric field environments can be set up by using phase difference to meet different environmental requirements of livestock and poultry. The compound dust collection and sterilization device with phase-controlled bundled conductor for livestock and poultry housing space includes high voltage pulse generator, bundled conductor, high voltage special timer, insulator and other parts, which can effectively reduce the dust content in the air, the concentration of pathogenic bacteria, harmful gases, etc. after assembly test and can also reduce the humidity in the livestock and poultry housings.

The evolution of female space in Korean vernacular houses in Yanbian: the influence of social logic on spatial configuration

PurposeThis study explores the characteristics of female space evolution in Korean vernacular houses in the Yanbian region of China. In addition, it discusses the influence of social logic on the evolution of female spaces.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilises space syntax methodology to examine the evolution of female spaces in Korean vernacular houses in terms of connectivity value, step depth and integration value. Furthermore, it conducts an analytical exploration of social logic based on the evolutionary characteristics of female space.FindingsThe findings elucidate the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial configuration of female spaces in Korean vernacular houses, with differential changes in connectivity, a gradual tendency towards openness and simplicity and increased accessibility and centrality. This reflects the changing spatial needs of Korean women brought about by changes in lifestyle, consciousness, social status and family structure.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides perspectives and insights into the vernacular architecture and architectural sociology of ethnic minorities in regions of China and Asia. Furthermore, it can provide relevant construction organisations with a more intuitive understanding of Korean vernacular houses and a reference for future house renewal and construction in the Yanbian region.Originality/valueAlthough many studies have investigated various aspects of Korean vernacular houses and female spaces, none have examined the influence of social logical changes on the evolution of female spaces in Korean vernacular houses. Thus, this study is valuable and novel.

Providing distributed electrical generation through retrofitting disused docks as tidal range energy schemes

As the nature of modern industry has changed, a range of infrastructure such as smaller historic docks have fallen into disuse, and attempts to redevelop these basins typically focus on the development of housing and commercial spaces with a waterside location as a high-value component. These sites provide the opportunity for repurposing as tidal range energy schemes without incurring many of the drawbacks of a traditional scheme. A 0D model was used to ascertain the potential energy output that sites around the UK could generate, using disused dock basins as an initial development case, with a total of 28 basins generating ∼34 GWh/year, based on the first quarter of 2022. Due to the size and locations of the docks, the ability of this renewable energy method to generate at times of high demand, a role in which fossil fuels are still dominant in the UK energy mix, was highlighted. Thus, a method to ascertain the feasibility of using infrastructure which utility has declined, or where pre-existing physical characteristics could be well suited to tidal range, to contribute to the energy system is established.

Affordable housing using industrialized construction: a market-based standardization of housing units in India

ABSTRACT Achieving affordable and mass-housing using industrialized construction needs robust space standardization of housing units. However, such standardization may fall short of market acceptance and result in a bad investment. Therefore, linking the market trend in developing space standardization is crucial, yet much less reported in the literature. This paper aims to develop market-oriented space standards for the mid-income group in India. The main purpose of developing affordable space standards is to create a set of modular design prototypes that can be translated into mass construction through a component-based open and Industrialized Building System (IBS). The paper uses a market study to assess the market trends of existing housing space standards in the National Capital Region around Delhi. Following the literature review, the paper sequentially presents the context, analysis, results, recommendations, and discussions. Dimensions for activity spaces of the housing module with attachment options are proposed in the range of 43.7 sq.m to 95.04 sq. m, including five unit prototypes. The industry will benefit from the developed design standards to manufacture large-scale housing. This paper provides a framework for developing similar space standards for other income groups in different contexts.

Kāinga Tahi, Kāinga Rua: The Role of Marae in Reimagining Housing Māori in the Urban Environment

The supply of, and demand for, housing in Aotearoa, New Zealand, is in a state of crisis. With all other areas of social deprivation, Māori are impacted disproportionately in the housing space, and have been locked out of the housing market. In order to address this crisis, a range of government, community and iwi initiatives have been established in Tāmaki Makaurau (Auckland) to provide various housing interventions, from emergency housing, accommodation supplements and subsidies to transitional housing, home ownership programmes and papakāinga (Māori settlement, village) development opportunities. Marae Ora, Kāinga Ora (MOKO) is a Kaupapa Māori (Māori approach) research project created to explore the role of marae (cultural centre) and kāinga (village, settlement) in supporting the wellbeing of whānau (family group), hapū (extended kinship grouping), iwi (extended kinship–tribal grouping) and communities, which includes the potential provision of housing. Five marae in the South Auckland landscape are partners in this research and bring to life the prospect of their contribution to housing solutions for their local Māori communities. This article presents some valuable insights into the aspirations of each whānau involved with the five marae with regard to their perspectives and developments with marae-led housing provision.

Backward-bending labor supply and urban location

This study attempts to combine a labor supply model with a housing location model. We focus on the trade-off between hours of work, commute times, and leisure time as well as the trade-off between the consumption of a good, housing space, and leisure time. We show that both labor supply and urban location choice have an inverted U-shaped relationship regarding the wage rate. These results are empirically shown by using Japanese data on the hours of work and commute times by household income class and on the number of households by income class.

Energy flexibility analysis and model predictive control performances of space heating in Japanese zero energy house

With improved building energy-saving standards and development of on-site renewable energy, efficient energy management strategies and enhanced energy flexibility can play crucial role in decarbonizing the building energy system. In this work, the potential of the thermal energy flexibility of space heating in Japanese zero energy house is analyzed based on real measurements and a reduced-order simulation model. The impacts of relevant parameters on energy flexibility were provided under different conditions. The model predictive control (MPC) framework was then developed for the house space heating system, and it formulated the optimization as a mixed-integer linear programming problem for minimizing energy consumption while maintaining indoor thermal comfort. The results of conducted case studies verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach in achieving flexible control of space heating systems. The control performances of the proposed MPC strategies were associated with different objectives, comparative analysis demonstrates that the designed control approach can effectively achieve an optimal trade-off between on-site photovoltaic consumption and thermal comfort by allowing acceptable indoor temperature violations. The energy flexibility provided by the space heating system could achieve an approximately 20% improvement in photovoltaic self-consumption ratio compared to real measurement over the testing period.

BINARY OPPOSITIONS IN LEONID ANDREEV’S CHRISTMAS STORY “ANGELOCHEK”

The article analyzes the story “Angelochek” (“The Little Angel”), which has an important place in the creativе work of Leonid Andreev, and is included in the school curriculum, where its plot is considered within the framework of the established literary approach to the Christmas story. Most of the researchers note the changes that occurred to the boy after his meeting with the angel, and believe that the Christmas miracle did happen, positively affecting Sashka’s life. The authors of this work propose a different approach to the story: binary oppositions (living-inanimate, truth-lie, real-fake, friend-alien, man-beast, earth-sky, etc.) are revealed, reflecting the ambivalence of the writer’s view of the problem; onomastic units, which, being part of symbolic and autobiographical contexts, make it possible to clarify the intent of the work, are considered. The plot of the story is autobiographical (the angel, once removed by the future writer from the Christmas tree and placed on the stove, melts), but the main character is now a boy from a poor family who goes to celebrate the holiday to the rich patrons, the Svechnikovs. The space of the Svechnikov house is ambivalent: for the father it is a symbol of lost paradise, and for the son it is the habitat of devils, because the Christmas symbols filling the house are fake. Acquisition of humanity through the rebirth of the soul is the most significant theme of the story, realized through the “man-beast” opposition. Sashka’s family is inscribed in the zoomorphic code of the text of the story. Possessing the angel creates a feeling of “human happiness,” which results in the elimination of the animal element in the boy’s image. However, the memory of his father, who is part of the anti-house, brings Sashka’s animal appearance back. The “iving-inanimate” opposition sets the parameters of Sashka’s fate, for whom “non-life” is the only possible way out of the cycle of meaningless existence. The hope for the rebirth of the boy’s soul is illusory (the opposition is “real-fake”). By the end of the story, the motifs of gravity and immersion in the abyss are intensified: the personification of salvation — a melted angel with dragonfly wings — falls to the floor at the end of Christmas. A cockroach that is unable to fly now becomes the symbol of substitution. The illusory nature of hopes is confirmed by the chronotope of the story. Christmas breaks the cycle of existence and introduces the boy to the circle of eternity, but the striking of the clock brings the heroes back to earth and accelerates their biological time. The image of the “frozen water carrier” in the story’s finale is a symbol of the return of cyclicity to the child’s life and a sign that the revival did not take place.

Design and development of a drip irrigation system

Nowadays agriculture is done everywhere and not just limited to farm lands. Residents of individual houses, apartments are growing wide variety of plants and many households sometimes neglect regular watering of the plants due to busy schedule and water large amounts in a single instances. This paper describes the design and development of the prototype of a small-scale drip irrigation system which is made up of three main components namely, Drip Flow regulator, Bottle holder and Ground support module which is simple to set-up with no hassle of piping systems and requires less maintenance. This product ensures the plants to be nurtured and watered on a regular basis with appropriate amounts of hydration and also allows to set-up a nutrient delivery system. The working mechanism of the flow regulator is by using a simple yet effective method of threaded nut and bolt design where the inlet of water is obstructed by the regulator when fastened and released accordingly to control the flow and drip of the water, additionally the bottle holder is designed such that, it can also incorporate non-standardized bottle sizes as well as regular beverage bottles and provides a universal fit. The potential applications of this drip irrigation component is for window plants, potted plants, garden plants, grown by individual house, apartment residents and office spaces and it has a lot of scope for use in the market and can be mass manufactured by using Plastic Injection Die methods.

A study of transition spaces in traditional houses of Tamil Nadu

A study of transition spaces in traditional houses of Tamil Nadu

The Effect of the Concept of Pandemic on Housing and Fictional Space Designs

The Effect of the Concept of Pandemic on Housing and Fictional Space Designs

Analysis of Interior Elements on the Atmosphere of Interior Space in Cikondang Traditional House

This research aims to analyze the application of interior elements as an aspect of shaping the atmosphere or atmosphere of the interior space in the Cikondang traditional house so that it can be a reference for contemporary concept houses to get the same atmosphere or atmosphere of space. Cikondang traditional house is located in Cikondang traditional village, Lamajang Village, Pangalengan District, Bandung Regency, West Java. The Cikondang traditional house is made by following the rules of the applicable customs, as well as determining the interior elements. One example is that the building materials of the house use natural materials that grow in the prohibited forest and can only be used after passing a series of rituals. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis with data acquisition through observation and literature study. This research describes the application of interior elements such as lines, shapes, patterns, colors, textures (materials) and lighting which are factors that form the atmosphere of the space in the house. The results of this study are the application of interior elements such as lines, shapes, patterns, colors, textures (materials) and lighting in the space creating a spatial atmosphere that gives the impression of simplicity, safety, comfort, nature, and warmth resulting from the application of interior elements to interior elements namely floors, walls, and ceilings in Cikondang traditional houses.
 Keywords: Interior Elements, Room Atmosphere, Cikondang Traditional House