Construction Of Space Research Articles

The State of the Art in the Biophilic Construction of Healthy Spaces for People

Human beings need a connection to nature for their overall well-being, as highlighted by numerous publications. Housing is an extension of people’s lives. Confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the rise of sustainability, longevity and the digital society are placing value on more sustainable and healthy construction for people’s well-being and quality of life. These premises motivate this study of the state of the art of biophilic design with a therapeutic and social approach. The main objective of this research is to investigate the evolution of the concept of biophilia in healthy buildings for people and the environment, analysing the current situation and identifying the main theories, models and applications. This research employs the six-step methodology for state-of-the-art analysis (SotA), using the process of reflexivity throughout this study. There are very few scientific studies that measure the positive impact of biophilic design on people’s well-being, and they tend to take the form of scientific discussion rather than evidence; this is their main limitation. Our recommendation is to identify new quantitative research on the biophilic impact on humans of healthy spaces in order to evaluate their effects.

Spatial Justice of Urban Park Green Space under Multiple Travel Modes and at Multiple Scales: A Case Study of Qingdao City Center, China

Improving the justice of public parks is of great significance to the well-being of residents, and it is also an important goal of green space planning. In this paper, the spatial justice of park green space under five travel modes and at three scales was analyzed using the travel-behavior-based Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method (TB-G2SFCA) and Gini coefficient method for Qingdao City Center. The main results are as follows: Under walking mode, walking–bus mode, and walking–subway mode, there were unserved areas in terms of urban park green space, while there were no unserved areas in the cases of cycling and driving. Residents’ choice of travel time and travel mode would affect the service scope of the park green space, and the increase in travel time would reduce the unserved areas in the urban park green space. The choice of travel time and travel mode affected the accessibility of urban park green space for residents in each residential patch, as well as the justice of the distribution of park green space resources at the scales of street blocks, districts, and the whole study area. The increase in residents’ travel speed and travel time could promote the equitable allocation of urban park green space to a certain extent. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the planning and construction of urban park green space in Qingdao City.

Improving Unsupervised Object-Based Change Detection via Hierarchical Multi-Scale Binary Partition Tree Segmentation: A Case Study in the Yellow River Source Region

Change detection in remote sensing enables identifying alterations in surface characteristics over time, underpinning diverse applications. However, conventional pixel-based algorithms encounter constraints in terms of accuracy when applied to medium- and high-resolution remote sensing images. Although object-oriented methods offer a step forward, they frequently grapple with missing small objects or handling complex features effectively. To bridge these gaps, this paper proposes an unsupervised object-oriented change detection approach empowered by hierarchical multi-scale segmentation for generating binary ecosystem change maps. This approach meticulously segments images into optimal sizes and leverages multidimensional features to adapt the Iteratively Reweighted Multivariate Alteration Detection (IRMAD) algorithm for GaoFen WFV data. We rigorously evaluated its performance in the Yellow River Source Region, a critical ecosystem conservation zone. The results unveil three key strengths: (1) the approach achieved excellent object-level change detection results, making it particularly suited for identifying changes in subtle features; (2) while simply increasing object features did not lead to a linear accuracy gain, optimized feature space construction effectively mitigated dimensionality issues; and (3) the scalability of our approach is underscored by its success in mapping the entire Yellow River Source Region, achieving an overall accuracy of 90.09% and F-score of 0.8844. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that from 2015 to 2022, changed ecosystems comprised approximately 1.42% of the total area, providing valuable insights into regional ecosystem dynamics.

Institutional-territorial arrangements and urban regimes: the residential verticalization process in Imperatriz (MA)

The project characterizes the institutional arrangements and urban regimes, verifying these factors in the urban space of Imperatriz (MA), by the role played in the framework of governance, facing the spatial dynamics in the institutional, political, economic and social articulations. Thus, it makes approaches focused on the urban growth of the process of verticalization of housing in the context of the residential real estate market of the second largest city of the state of Maranhão. Covering the study of public-private relations in the construction of urban space in the occasion of the coalitions in the middle city, thus seeking to understand the major urban projects, analyzing the forms of power and influence that present a certain role exercised in the urban-regional development. Therefore, using the case study methodology, this research aims to understand the Institutional Arrangements and Urban Regimes from the perspective of the governance of the city of Imperatriz (MA), focusing the process of verticalization of housing from the real estate market, verifying the dynamics of institutional coalitions from urban planning and management. The research has its importance in the development of research with an emphasis on urban geography, in the perspective of the understanding of institutional arrangements, urban regimes and institutional coalitions configurations in the local-regional scenario, which configure and produce the urban space of the city of Imperatriz (MA). Therefore, this research will demonstrate strategic decision situations in the urban dynamics of housing, services and the logic of the housing real estate market, verifying the process of verticalization in the city of Imperatriz (MA).

BIM-based multi-objective optimization framework for volumetric analysis of building projects

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a building information modelling (BIM)-based multi-objective optimization (MOO) framework for volumetric analysis of buildings during early design stages. The objective is to optimize volumetric spaces (3D) instead of 2D spaces to enhance space utilization, thermal comfort, constructability and rental value of buildings Design/methodology/approach The integration of two fundamental concepts – BIM and MOO, forms the basis of proposed framework. In the early design phases of a project, BIM is used to generate precise building volume data. The non-sorting genetic algorithm-II, a MOO algorithm, is then used to optimize extracted volume data from 3D BIM models, considering four objectives: space utilization, thermal comfort, rental value and construction cost. The framework is implemented in context of a school of architecture building project. Findings The findings of case study demonstrate significant improvements resulting from MOO of building volumes. Space utilization increased by 30%, while thermal comfort improved by 20%, and construction costs were reduced by 10%. Furthermore, rental value of the case study building increased by 33%. Practical implications The proposed framework offers practical implications by enabling project teams to generate optimal building floor layouts during early design stages, thereby avoiding late costly changes during construction phase of project. Originality/value The integration of BIM and MOO in this study provides a unique approach to optimize building volumes considering multiple factors during early design stages of a project

Invisible Infrastructure: Reinforcing Postwar Gender Inequality in Tokyo’s Nakagin Capsule Tower

1970s Japan saw major changes in the way society lived and worked. A changing family structure, one led by the patriarchal “salaryman,” created new demands for housing. The Nakagin Capsule Tower, completed by architect Kisho Kurokawa in 1972, formerly located in the business district of Shimbashi, Tokyo, Japan, was Kurokawa’s utopian model for Japan’s salarymen. This presentation investigates how the Nakagin Capsule Tower inscribed gendered institutional thought in its construction, restricting women to the home and maintaining male power in the public sphere. Moreover, I explore the relationship between the construction of masculinity and urban space in postwar Japan and discuss the ways in which a housewife is unable to fulfill societal expectations within the Nakagin Capsule Tower. While Kurokawa believed the Nakagin Capsule Tower was a utopian architecture that would improve society, it maintained the salaryman/housewife relationship that prevented Japan from socially evolving to include women in their workforce and reinforced the city as a place only for men in service to the economy. This assessment investigates how the built environment has the power to detract from women’s opportunities outside of the home and the ways architecture met the social demands of men in postwar Japan.

Explicit moduli of superelliptic curves with level structure

In this article we give an explicit construction of the moduli space of trigonal superelliptic curves with level 3 structure. The construction is given in terms of point sets on the projective line and leads to a closed formula for the number of connected (and irreducible) components of the moduli space. The results of the article generalise the description of the moduli space of hyperelliptic curves with level 2 structure, due to Dolgachev and Ortland, Runge and Tsuyumine.

Analisis Produktivitas Operasi Pemasangan Balok Baja (Studi Kasus: Pembangunan Kampus II Universitas Pasundan)

Construction operations productivity remains a challenge due to the influence of space limitations and construction methods. This condition was experienced by the construction of Pasundan University’s new campus building within a narrow and congested location. This research carried out a productivity evaluation on the steel beam installation based on Time Studies, MPDM, Work Sampling and 5-Minutes Rating. Productivity analysis uses the MPDM, Cycle Chart, Process and Crew Balance Chart. The evaluation of the overall productivity of steel beam installation operations shows a comparison of the percentage of work execution versus delay of 62% versus 38%. This result is quite good considering that the proportion of construction worker productivity is in the range of 40-70% compared to 62% on this project. Improvement of productivity can still be done by preventing delays due to equipment; efficiency of the number of workers; as well as optimizing the duration of each task by referring to the best cycle duration. Thus, the productivity can increase from 10.36 minutes/unit to 6.25 minutes/unit. It is hoped that these results will attract similar research with objects to produce productivity data on construction operations in Indonesia and encourage an improvement in the construction sector.

Translingual Practices in the Linguistic Landscape in the Western Region of Kazakhstan

In spite of the sharp rise of research interest in linguistic landscapes worldwide, little attention has been given to the multilingual urban discourse of Kazakhstan. Being first in the investigation into the multilingual practices characteristic of the linguistic landscape in the western region of Kazakhstan, our study adds to the number of linguistic landscape analyses through a translanguaging lens. This paper explores translingual practices on local "bottom-up" commercial public signs by the example of four major cities in the region: Aktau, Aktobe, Atyrau and Uralsk. The study uses a mixed method research design combining qualitative and quantitative analysis of multilingual urban texts accompanied by semi-structured ethnographic interviews with owners of commercial establishments. In our analysis, we specify various dynamic and creative forms of mixing the state Kazakh, interethnic Russian, international English and/or other local languages such as Uzbek and Arabic. We demonstrate how these languages are involved in the creation of symbolic meanings and attraction of potential consumers and contribute to the construction of the urban space of the western region of Kazakhstan. We provide illustrations of the ever-growing presence of English in multilingual written urban texts of the region as a symbol of modernity, high quality, innovation, technical progress and prestige. We also show the indexical potential of the Kazakh and Russian languages as markers of local affiliation and tradition, and the Uzbek and Arabic languages as symbols of the Turkic and Islamic cultures.

Analysis and evaluation of the burning characteristics of six commonly used herbaceous species in Beijing.

Surface vegetations are one of the key factors affecting the spread of green space fires. To explore the combustibility of commonly used local surface layer herbaceous species in Beijing, and to provide a reference for the construction and management of urban green space, we comprehensively evaluated the combustibility of Carex giraldiana, Carex breviculis, Liriope spicata, Iris lactea, Iris tectorum, and Buffaloe dactyloides, with the entropy weight method and K-mean cluster analysis based on the principal component analysis method. We measured the combustion characteristics indicators (blade ignition point, combustion time and heat release rate), physical and chemical indicators (leaf moisture content and crude fat content), and biological characteristics indicators (blade thickness and unit load) during the key period of fire prevention. The results showed that blade thickness and ignition point got the highest weight and affected the overall combustibility most. Peak heat release rate and ignition time had the lowest weight and minimal impact on the overall combustibility. The combustibility of the six species followed an order of B. dactyloides > C. breviculmis > L. spicata > C. giraldiana > I. lactea > I. tectorum. Results of the clustering analysis showed that the combustion ability of B. dactyloides, C. breviculmis, and L. spicata were in class Ⅰ, with the strongest combustion ability; C. giraldiana was in class Ⅱ; I. lactea and I. tectorum were in class Ⅲ, with the lowest flammability. As widely used surface vegetations, critical attention should be paid on B. dactyloides, C. breviculmis and L. spicata for fire prevention in winter and spring.

Foregn language training of specialists in higher educational institutions of Ukraine and the republic of Poland in the context of theEuropean language policy: experience and prospects

The article deals with the problem of foreign language training of specialists in higher educational institutions of Ukraine and the Republic of Poland in the context of the European language policy. The aim of the study is to determine the features of specialists’ foreign language training in the higher education system of Ukraine and the Republic of Poland in the context of the European language policy and to analyze the main provisions of the All-European recommendations on language education regarding the level of foreign language proficiency and criteria for assessing the knowledge and skills of students in Ukraine and Poland. The author underlines that foreign language training of specialists of any profile in modern Europe directly relates to the guiding principles of language policy of the European Union, concentrates around basic life competencies of the individual, needs and challenges caused by the globalization of the modern world, including linguistic issues, the provisions of the Bologna Declaration on the construction of a single European educational space. The study of modern trends in foreign language education in universities of Ukraine and Poland shows the interest of the institutions of the Council of Europe and the European Union in the state of problems of foreign language education and support for its solution. It has been substantiated that the European Union has determined the main criteria and indicators of foreign language training of specialists, and has determined the language proficiency requirements for Ukrainian and Polish graduates universities.

Pasir Kencana Beach Tourism Management System Pekalongan City

Abstract. One of the tourism potentials located in Pekalongan City is Pasir Kencana Beach which is located in Panjang Wetan Village, North Pekalongan District. Pasir Kencana Beach is approximately ±4km or approximately ±15 minutes from the center of Pekalongan City. This beach has previously attracted a lot of interest from local and out-of-town tourists because of its beautiful sunset views in the afternoon. The Golden Sands tourist location is close to the port, fish auctions and nearby beach tourist attractions so it is very strategic and easy to reach. Pasir Kencana Beach is generally used as a family tourist destination. Golden sand beach used to have an area of beach sand that sparkled like gold, but as sea levels rose or tidal disasters caused the embankments to be damaged, some facilities were poorly maintained and the playground area was submerged when heavy rains arrived, so revitalization or repair of tourist attractions was needed to bring them back to life. Beach tourism can increase the number of visitors and economic growth in the surrounding area.
 In an effort to support the development of the Marine Tourism Area in the Pekalongan City area into an integrated beach tourism destination, a development concept is needed through infrastructure development which includes aspects of Accessibility, Amenities and Attractions (3A). The infrastructure development components include repairing roads to tourist areas, structuring coastal tourist areas which include facilities and infrastructure supporting the area such as: construction of public spaces (rest areas, parking, ticketing, play areas, toilets, landmarks, green open spaces, street furniture, as well as management of drainage, solid waste, waste and others.

Shelter in Place

In this article, we interrogate the representation and construction of public park space in a settler colonial city: Toronto/Tkaronto. First, we draw on the relationship between urban neoliberalism and prudentialism to demonstrate the way public health authorities in Toronto/Tkaronto promoted a neoliberal ideology of prudentialism that emphasized individual action (e.g., social distancing, personal hygiene, sheltering in place) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, we consider the extent to which this response congealed and combined with broader anxieties that were used to manage more than the virus. We focus specifically on the way these anxieties took hold in public park space, and in particular the response to encampment communities. We theorize prudentialism, as an instrument of the white settler state, to interrogate the twin processes of organized abandonment and organized violence (Gilmore 2022), which were made visible in the treatment of unhoused people amidst the pandemic in an affluent and seemingly progressive city in a nation now known as Canada. Recognizing that COVID-19 has afflicted global cities marred by real estate speculation and the continual reliance on the commodification of Indigenous Land, which has made homelessness and urban displacement a lived condition for some, we argue that public health crises result not from—and thereby cannot be solved by—prudential responsibilization, but from the willful ignorance of the neoliberal, capitalist white settler [real estate] state (Stein 2019).

Spatially thermal confinement nanoreactors for efficient photocatalytic microinterface reactions and application prospect evaluation under real weather and actual water matrices

Photothermal photocatalysis has been a breakthrough in the photocatalysis field, yet the wasted radicals, insufficient contact of pollutant with catalyst, and low utilization efficiency of heat energy are the major barriers for practical application. In this work, a novel full-spectrum adsorption catalyst (MoS2-MoO3/C3N4) with interlayer confinement space (OMS-CNS) was fabricated as “spatially thermal confinement nanoreactor”, which can enrichment pollutants, free radicals and photothermal effect to improve the degradation efficiency of ampicillin (AMP) by 2.06 times. The synergistic of confinement effects and photothermal effects concentrated heat in the interlayer nanoreactor and simultaneously promoted the generation of •O2− and 1O2, further contributed to a more harmless degradation pathway for AMP compared with conventional photothermal photocatalytic systems. Furthermore, the enlarged interlayer spacing and high interlayer adsorption energy (Eads) enabled AMP to enter the nanoreactor for quick reaction with newly generated active radicals under locally high temperature, avoiding heat loss and the diffusion limitation of free radicals. Furthermore, the excellent degradation efficiencies of AMP were also maintained even in the actual wastewater matrices or at outdoor sunlight irradiation due to the construction of confinement space with high temperature environment and enriched ROS. The combination of the confinement catalysis and photothermal effects provides promising insight into efficient photocatalysis performance.

Anthropological function of the chronotope in the plot of the “Russian Robinsons”

The anthropological approach to a work of art is a current trend in literary criticism. Man is the subject and object of artistic anthropology. Using the traditional literary concept of chronotope, this article attempts to explain the place of a person in the picture of the world of a work of art. The work pays special attention to the category of chronotope, in particular to its anthropological function. The anthropological function of the chronotope is analysed in the novel “Beruny” (1933) by Zinoviy Samoylovich Davydov. When creating his original work, the author was inspired by the story about the six-year wintering of Russian sailors on Edge Island in the 40s of the XVIII century, which was beloved by the Russian reader. The main research methods are: chronotopic text analysis, proposed by V.V. Savelyeva, A.F. Kofman, N.K. Shutaya, E.A. Komarova, A.B. Temirbolat, et al. and cultural-historical analysis. Z. Davydov's narration forms the national features of the collective image of the “Russian Robinsons”. The specificity is conveyed in the author's descriptions of the heroes' perception of space and time. The literary achievements of Z. Davydov are analyzed through the prism of two particularly important elements of any literary text - the chronotope and the image of the hero. The chronotope determines the personal qualities and thoughts, behavior and deeds of the “Russian Robinsons”. The purpose of the study is to establish the relationship between a certain chronotope and the characters' cognitive reaction to the author's indications of the coordinates of space and time, to trace the textual manifestations of the characters' inner experiences. The constructs of time and space in the novel by Z. Davydov are analyzed, and a typology of characters in his story about the disasters of the “Russian Robinsons” is built. As a result, a typology of behavioral models of “Russian Robinsons” in liminal conditions was compiled.

Crossed products, extended phase spaces and the resolution of entanglement singularities

We identify a direct correspondence between the crossed product construction which plays a crucial role in the theory of Type III von Neumann algebras, and the extended phase space construction which restores the integrability of non-zero charges generated by gauge symmetries in the presence of spatial substructures. This correspondence provides a blue-print for resolving singularities which are encountered in the computation of entanglement entropy for subregions in quantum field theories. The extended phase space encodes quantities that would be regarded as ‘pure gauge’ from the perspective of the full theory, but are nevertheless necessary for gluing together, in a path integral sense, physics in different subregions. These quantities are required in order to maintain gauge covariance under such gluings. The crossed product provides a consistent method for incorporating these necessary degrees of freedom into the operator algebra associated with a given subregion. In this way, the extended phase space completes the subregion algebra and subsequently allows for the assignment of a meaningful, finite entropy to states therein.

The construction of a narrative space for children in an institutional interview interaction

ABSTRACT This article examines the space afforded to children’s narratives by the phrasing of questions concerning children’s experiences of domestic violence. The interview questions were posed in an institutional interactive setting in an aim to investigate the domestic violence experienced by children. The interviews were conducted in nine shelters for victims of domestic violence using the iRiSk interview method. The data includes the recorded interviews of 12 children (N = 12) interviewed by a shelter employee. The interviews were found to include questions linguistically constructed around the perspectives of recollection, knowledge and ability. The children primarily reacted to these questioning strategies by applying an answering strategy in which they focused only on the used questioning strategy, therefore limiting their narration. Children may also took the questioning strategy into consideration in their answers before producing their narration, or completely ignored the strategy. Based on the results, the phrasing of these questions constructed in the interaction process set a frame for children’s narrative space in two ways. First, they guided children to re-examine their recollection, knowledge and ability instead of providing a narrative of their experiences of domestic violence. Second, the questions that were originally intended as open-ended ended up being closed-ended instead. The results reveal that there are vulnerabilities related to using a method that supports children’s narration that may pose a challenge to children’s narratives. Professionals should pay attention to any such vulnerable areas when conducting interviews with children.

Walking with Gail

By analysing the movements through space of a famous conversation analyst delivering a well-known lecture, this paper reveals the creative construction of space within the social and physical constraints of the lecture hall, and in so doing contributes to the embodied analysis of humans in material environments. While founded in a multimodal or embodied conversation analysis, it uses terminology and insights from dance to help ‘see’ and analyse the movements as ‘footwork’ and ‘figures’.

Evaluation and optimization of ecological spatial resilience of Yanhe River Basin based on complex network theory

The loess hilly and gully areas have broken terrain, vertical and horizontal ravines and fragile ecological environments. Improving the resilience of the regional ecological space is conducive to improving the quality of the local ecological environment. With the ecological space of the Yanhe River Basin selected as the research object, this paper constructs a research framework of "network identification topology-resilience evaluation-spatial optimization" and uses morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR) to identify ecological spatial networks. Based on circuit theory, the ecological pinch point is identified, the ecological spatial network is optimized, and scenario simulation is performed. Through complex network theory and related indicators, the ecological spatial resilience of the basin is evaluated, and the hierarchical optimization strategy of the ecological space is confirmed. According to the ecological function of the source area and the results of the resilience evaluation, the boundaries of the protected control area, guidance development area, remediation area, and maintenance and improvement area of the basin are delineated. The importance of ecological source and corridor protection is classified, and corresponding protection strategies are proposed. The research results can provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the territorial spatial planning and ecological space construction of the Yanhe River Basin and provide a reference for the ecological restoration, resource development and environmental governance of the Yanhe River Basin.

L’interculturalité au prisme de la littérature francophone en contexte bi-plurilingue à l’ENS de Bertoua

The teaching of literature in French as a discipline in a bilingual series serves, among other purposes, as an intercultural bridge for the construction of a fraternal linguistic space between bilingual French-speakers and bilingual English-speakers. A questionnaire completed by bilingual English speakers as well as direct interviews on the teaching of this subject, made it possible to identify a set of pitfalls faced by English-speaking learners. This exploratory research would like to analyze the didactic and pedagogical implications of this literature dispensed in a bilingual series. This study encourages us to rethink the epistemological scope of this discipline.