Space Administration Task Load Index Research Articles

Tele-education in point-of-care ultrasound training

BackgroundTraditionally, ultrasound skills have been taught through a one-on-one approach, where instructors physically guide learners’ hands at the bedside or in the workshop. However, this method is frequently challenged by scheduling and cost limitations. Our objective was to create a tele-education model for point-of-care ultrasound training and evaluate its effectiveness and its impact on learners’ perceived workload compared to conventional education and self-directed learning methods.MethodsWe conducted a 3-arm randomized trial, comparing tele-education (TE), conventional education (CE) and self-directed learning (SL) methods. All subjects underwent online didactic lectures prior to a hands-on ultrasound workshop. The TE group utilized an ultrasound machine equipped with a speakerphone, a webcam for direct visualization of learner’s hand maneuvers, and an analog-to-video converter for the real-time streaming of ultrasound images. This configuration enabled remote instructors to provide immediate verbal feedback to learners. In contrast, the CE group received in-person coaching, while the SL group had no instructors present. Following the coaching session, subjects completed a scenario-based skill test and a survey on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration task load index (NASA-TLX) to measure their ultrasound competency and perceived workload, respectively.ResultsTwenty-seven ultrasound novices were randomly allocated into 3 groups. The median skill test score of TE, CE, and SL was 22 [interquartile range (IQR): 18–28], 24 [IQR: 21–31], and 16 [IQR: 15–18], respectively (p < 0.01). Pairwise comparisons of median test scores of 3 groups demonstrated a statistical significance in comparisons of TE vs. SL (22 vs. 16, p = 0.01) and CE vs. SL (24 vs. 16, p < 0.01), but not in TE vs. CE (22 vs. 24, p = 0.56). There was no statistical significance observed in the median NASA-TLX scores among the 3 groups; 54 [IQR:47–61] in TE, 57 [IQR:22–64] in CE, and 66 [IQR: 66–72] in SL (p = 0.05).ConclusionsOur tele-education model was more effective than self-directed learning. There was no statistically significant difference in effectiveness between the tele-education and the conventional education groups. Importantly, tele-education did not impose a significantly higher workload on learners compared to conventional education or self-directed learning. Tele-education has a substantial potential as an alternative to conventional ultrasound training.

Robotic-Assisted Navigation in Single-Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Reduces Surgeons’ Mental Workload Compared With Fluoroscopic and Computed Tomographic Techniques: A Nonrandomized Prospective Controlled Trial

Background: Pedicle screw placement during spine fusion is physically and mentally demanding for surgeons. Consequently, spine surgeons can become fatigued, which has implications for both patient safety and surgeon well-being. Purpose: We sought to assess the cognitive workload of surgeons placing pedicle screws using robotic-assisted navigation compared with fluoroscopic and computed tomography (CT)-assisted placement. Methods: We performed a nonrandomized prospective controlled trial to compare the cognitive workload of 3 surgeons performing single-level minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) using robotic, CT, or fluoroscopic navigation on 25 patients (15 in the robotic navigation group and 10 in the nonrobotic group). Immediately after each procedure, surgeons submitted the National Aeronautics and Space Administration–Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), which has 6 subscales: mental demands, physical demands, temporal demands, performance, effort, and frustration. Four tasks associated with pedicle screw placement were assessed independently: (1) screw planning, (2) calibrating robot/obtaining imaging/registration, (3) pedicle cannulation, and (4) screw placement. Patient demographics and surgical characteristics were obtained and reviewed. Results: Surgeons’ self-reported cognitive workload was significantly reduced when using robotic-assisted navigation versus CT/fluoroscopic navigation. Workload was reduced for screw planning, pedicle cannulation, and screw placement. In addition, there were significant reductions in each subdomain for these 3 tasks, encompassing mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, effort, and frustration with improved task performance. Conclusions: This study found significant reductions in mental workload with improved perceived performance for robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement compared with fluoroscopic and CT-navigation techniques. Lowering the cognitive burden associated with screw placement may allow surgeons to address the remainder of the operative case with less decision fatigue, prevent complications, and increase surgeon wellness.

Analysis on pulse rate variability for pilot workload assessment based on wearable sensor

AbstractThe workload levels of pilots directly affect their flight performance and the safety of the whole flight. To explore the real‐time workload of pilots in different flight phases (takeoff, cruise, and landing), this paper leveraged National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA‐TLX), a subjective evaluation scale, and PhotoPlethysmoGraphy (PPG) signals of 21 participants using a flight simulator and a wearable sensor. First, the workloads of pilots under different phases were explored by the NASA‐TLX scales; secondly, the pulse rate variability (PRV) features were selected by variance analysis and random forest importance evaluation; finally, the performances of the k‐nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) were compared for workload levels identification. It is shown that the workloads are ranked as follows: landing &gt; takeoff &gt; cruise. SDNN, CVCD, CVNNI, LF, TP, SD2, and SD2/SD1 were used as selected features with significant differences in different flight phases. In addition, machine learning models can effectively identify pilot workloads, and feature selection enhances the performance of both KNN and RF classifiers. The best identification of workload was achieved using the selected PRV features as inputs to the KNN classifier, with an average accuracy of 88.9%. Our results indicate that the KNN classifier and PRV features are suitable for identifying pilot workload. The pilot workload is highest during the landing phase, which provides a reference for flight safety management. The findings from this research could contribute to developing a robust pilot workload detection system and improve current flight operation safety regulations.

The Use of Augmented Reality as an Educational Tool in Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

One of the major challenges in training neurosurgical and orthopedic residents the technique for minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) is the lack of visualization of surgical landmarks (pedicle, pars, lamina). This is due to the limited access to the bony spine through a tubular retractor, in addition to a smaller working corridor or patient-specific factors such as bony overgrowth, disk space collapse, and listhesis. These factors increase the possibility for surgical error and prolonged surgery time. With augmented reality (AR), relevant surgical anatomy can be projected directly into the user's field of view through the microscope. The purpose of this study was to assess the utility, accuracy, efficiency, and precision of AR-guided MIS-TLIF and to determine its impact in spine surgery training. At 2 centers, 12 neurosurgical residents performed a one-level MIS-TLIF on a high-fidelity lumbar spine simulation model with and without AR projection into the microscope. For the MIS-TLIF procedures with AR, surgical landmarks were highlighted in different colors on preoperative image data. These landmarks were visualized in the spinal navigation application on the navigation monitor and in the microscope to confirm the relevant anatomy. Postprocedural surveys (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) were given to the residents. Twelve residents were included in this trial. AR-guided procedures had a consistent impact on resident anatomical orientation and workload experience. Procedures performed without AR had a significantly higher mental demand (P = .003) than with AR. Residents reported to a significantly higher rate that it was harder work for them to accomplish their level of performance without AR (P = .019). AR can bring a meaningful value in MIS teaching and training to confirm relevant anatomy in situations where the surgeon will have less direct visual access. AR used in surgical simulation can also speed the learning curve.

Influence of network latency and bandwidth on robot-assisted laparoscopic telesurgery: A pre-clinical experiment.

Telesurgery has the potential to overcome spatial limitations for surgeons, which depends on surgical robot and the quality of network communication. However, the influence of network latency and bandwidth on telesurgery is not well understood. A telesurgery system capable of dynamically adjusting image compression ratios in response to bandwidth changes was established between Beijing and Sanya (Hainan province), covering a distance of 3000km. In total, 108 animal operations, including 12 surgical procedures, were performed. Total latency ranging from 170ms to 320ms and bandwidth from 15-20Mbps to less than 1 Mbps were explored using designed surgical tasks and hemostasis models for renal vein and internal iliac artery rupture bleeding. Network latency, jitter, frame loss, and bit rate code were systemically measured during these operations. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and a self-designed scale measured the workload and subjective perception of surgeons. All 108 animal telesurgeries, conducted from January 2023 to June 2023, were performed effectively over a total duration of 3866min. The operations were completed with latency up to 320ms and bandwidths as low as 1-5Mbps. Hemostasis for vein and artery rupture bleeding models was effectively achieved under these low bandwidth conditions. The NASA-TLX results indicated that latency significantly impacted surgical performance more than bandwidth and image clarity reductions. This telesurgery system demonstrated safety and reliability. A total of 320ms latency is acceptable for telesurgery operations. Reducing image clarity can effectively mitigate the potential latency increase caused by decreased bandwidth, offering a new method to reduce the impact of latency on telesurgery.

Workload of home care nurses: Italian adaptation, validity, and reliability of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index questionnaire.

The aim of this study was to adapt the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) to the home care setting and translate and validate it in Italian. An online questionnaire containing the Italian version of the NASA-TLX adapted to the home care setting was administered to home care nurses to measure workload. Content Validity Index, Exploratory, and Confirmatory Factor Analyses were used to measure the psychometric characteristics of the modified NASA-TLX. The modified Italian version of NASA-TLX_HC-IT showed good psychometric characteristics in measuring the workload of home care nurses, with excellent fit indices. The reliability, calculated with Cronbach's alpha, was 0.73, indicating adequate reliability. A negative correlation between workload and job satisfaction among home care nurses, as well as a positive association between high workload and intention to leave the workplace, was verified. The modified Italian version of the NASA-TLX_HC-IT was confirmed to be a valid and reliable instrument to measure workload in home care nursing. Furthermore, the correlation between workload and the intention to leave the workplace among home care nurses was an important result that community nursing managers should consider preventing the shortage of home care nurses.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Subjective Work Fatigue Levels Among Nurses at RS.Otak DR.Drs. M. Hatta Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, In 2024

Background: Service nursing care that is carried out home nurse Sick for 24 hours a day , very much needed readiness physical , mental and time . This is potential cause work fatigue which has an impact decline alertness and concentration , disturbed taking decisions and occurrences error or accident Work .Purpose : This Study For analyze factors risk level fatigue Work subjective on Nurses at RS.Otak.DR.Drs.M.Hatta Bukittinggi, West Sumatra 2024 .Methods: Study quantitative with design study This cross-sectional on 100 nurses at the Brain Hospital DR. Drs . M. Hatta Bukittinggi, West Sumatra in 2024. The risk factors are the characteristics individual , factor related work and environment Work Lighting . Measurement of work fatigue with a questionnaire SSRT ( Subjective Self Rating Test ) from IFRC; burden mental work with the NASA-TLX ( National Aeronautics Space Administration Task Load Index ) questionnaire ; for role , control and satisfaction work with the COPSOG ( Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire ) III questionnaire ; measurement lighting with lux meterResults: The results showed that 79% of nurses experienced mild levels of work fatigue and moderate levels of work fatigue (21%). Risk factors that had a significant relationship with the level of work fatigue were age (p 0.013; OR 6.82), nutritional status: obese (p 0.020; OR 3.77), sleep duration (p 0.050; OR 3.14).Conclusion: Implementation of fatigue management and fatigue screening periodic expected can lower level of work fatigue .

Extended High-Frequency Thresholds: Associations With Demographic and Risk Factors, Cognitive Ability, and Hearing Outcomes in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

This study had two objectives: to examine associations between extended high-frequency (EHF) thresholds, demographic factors (age, sex, race/ethnicity), risk factors (cardiovascular, smoking, noise exposure, occupation), and cognitive abilities; and to determine variance explained by EHF thresholds for speech perception in noise, self-rated workload/effort, and self-reported hearing difficulties. This study was a retrospective analysis of a data set from the MUSC Longitudinal Cohort Study of Age-related Hearing Loss. Data from 347 middle-aged adults (45 to 64 years) and 694 older adults (≥ 65 years) were analyzed for this study. Speech perception was quantified using low-context Speech Perception In Noise (SPIN) sentences. Self-rated workload/effort was measured using the effort prompt from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index. Self-reported hearing difficulty was assessed using the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly/Adults. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task and the Stroop Neuropsychological Screening Test were used to assess selected cognitive abilities. Pure-tone averages representing conventional and EHF thresholds between 9 and 12 kHz (PTA (9 - 12 kHz) ) were utilized in simple linear regression analyses to examine relationships between thresholds and demographic and risk factors or in linear regression models to assess the contributions of PTA (9 - 12 kHz) to the variance among the three outcomes of interest. Further analyses were performed on a subset of individuals with thresholds ≤ 25 dB HL at all conventional frequencies to control for the influence of hearing loss on the association between PTA (9 - 12 kHz) and outcome measures. PTA (9 - 12 kHz) was higher in males than females, and was higher in White participants than in racial Minority participants. Linear regression models showed the associations between cardiovascular risk factors and PTA (9 - 12 kHz) were not statistically significant. Older adults who reported a history of noise exposure had higher PTA (9 - 12 kHz) than those without a history, while associations between noise history and PTA (9 - 12 kHz) did not reach statistical significance for middle-aged participants. Linear models adjusting for age, sex, race and noise history showed that higher PTA (9 - 12 kHz) was associated with greater self-perceived hearing difficulty and poorer speech recognition scores in noise for both middle-aged and older participants. Workload/effort was significantly related to PTA (9 - 12 kHz) for middle-aged, but not older, participants, while cognitive task performance was correlated with PTA (9 - 12 kHz) only for older participants. In general, PTA (9 - 12 kHz) did not account for additional variance in outcome measures as compared to conventional pure-tone thresholds, with the exception of self-reported hearing difficulties in older participants. Linear models adjusting for age and accounting for subject-level correlations in the subset analyses revealed no association between PTA (9 - 12 kHz) and outcomes of interest. EHF thresholds show age-, sex-, and race-related patterns of elevation that are similar to what is observed for conventional thresholds. The current results support the need for more research to determine the utility of adding EHF thresholds to routine audiometric assessment with middle-aged and older adults.

Relationship between mental workload and musculoskeletal disorders with intention to leave service among nurses working at neonatal and pediatric departments: a cross-sectional study in Iran

BackgroundDespite the challenge of nursing shortage in the world and its subsequent impact on care quality as well as aggravation of the situation by intention to leave service, this issue has not been properly addressed, especially among neonatal and pediatric nurses. The present study aims to identify the relationship between mental workload and musculoskeletal disorders with intention to leave the service among nurses working at neonatal and pediatric departments.MethodsThis descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 145 nurses working at neonatal and pediatric departments in six hospitals in Bushehr Province using full-census method. The data were collected using national aeronautics and space administration-task load index (NASA-TLX), Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire(CMDQ) and Mobley and Horner’s voluntary turnover questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson’s and Spearman correlation tests and hierarchical linear regression in simultaneous model in SPSS 19.0.ResultsThe mean score of intention to leave the service was 9.57 ± 3.20 (higher than the moderate level) and the mean mental workload was 71.65 ± 15.14 (high level). Pain in at least one of the legs (100%), back (77.3%) and knees (76.6%) was highly prevalent. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between musculoskeletal disorder categories and intention to leave the service (p > 0.05). The regression analysis results revealed among mental workload domains, only effort-induced workload was negatively and significantly correlated with intention to leave the service (p = 0.003; β=-0.078). However, the number of night shifts per month was positively and significantly correlated with intention to leave the service (p = 0.001; β = 0.176).ConclusionsPlanning for appropriate allocation of night shifts, investigating the etiology of musculoskeletal disorders and providing solutions for reducing mental workload should be prioritized by policymakers, while maintaining pediatric nurses’ motivation for making efforts.

Workload, general perceived stress, body function, musculoskeletal pain, and their mutual relationships in nurses - a pilot study.

Both physical and psychosocial risk factors contributing to musculoskeletal disorders occur in the professional nursing group, and previous literature suggested that their interaction may increase the risk of musculoskeletal pain among nurses. The aim of the study was to examine perceived workload and stress as well as physical findings and musculoskeletal complaints in nurses. The participants consisted of 42 female nurses, age range 23-60 years. They marked on a pain drawing the site/sites that was/were painful at the moment of testing, its duration and intensity. Thereafter they were examined using the movement and respiration domains from the Global Physiotherapy Examination (GPE). Furthermore, a subjective workload measure was made using the paper version of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index and stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Almost the entire study group declared that pain experienced in at least 1 location was chronic, i.e., had lasted ≥1 year (97%). The most frequent locations of pain were low back (22.4%) and cervical/head (21.6%) regions. In the GPE, most scores indicated restricted and reduced movement, with the subdomain flexibility having the highest deviation from the predefined standard. Furthermore, the results indicated hampered respiration, especially visible in standing position. Out of all workload scores, the highest was obtained for temporal demand. Perceived stress level was found to be moderate and significantly associated to chronic chest/ thoracic pain. Interestingly, the compression of thorax test positively correlated with mental (r = 0.42, p < 0.05) and physical demand (r = 0.35, p < 0.05), whereas the elbow drop test and temporal demand correlated negatively (r = -0.37, p < 0.05). To sum up, the majority of nurses participating in this study had long-lasting pain and limited flexibility of the body and hampered respiration, which both may enhance intensity of experienced musculoskeletal pain. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2024;37(3):257-70.

Aerosol Box Use in Reducing Health Care Worker Contamination During Airway Procedures (AIRWAY) Study: Secondary Workload and Provider Outcomes in a Simulation-Based Trial.

An aerosol box aims to reduce the risk of healthcare provider (HCP) exposure to infections during aerosol generating medical procedures (AGMPs), but little is known about its impact on workload of team members. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of aerosol box use on patterns of HCP contamination during AGMPs. The objectives of this study are to: 1) evaluate the effect of aerosol box use on HCP workload, 2) identify factors associated with HCP workload when using an aerosol box, and 3) describe the challenges perceived by HCPs of aerosol box use. Simulation-based randomized trial, conducted from May to December 2021. Four pediatric simulation centers. Teams of two HCPs were randomly assigned to control (no aerosol box) or intervention groups (aerosol box). Each team performed three scenarios requiring different pediatric airway management (bag-valve-mask [BVM] ventilation, laryngeal mask airway [LMA] insertion, and endotracheal intubation [ETI] with video laryngoscopy) on a simulated COVID-19 patient. National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) is a standard tool that measures subjective workload with six subscales. A total of 64 teams (128 participants) were recruited. The use of aerosol box was associated with significantly higher frustration during LMA insertion (28.71 vs. 17.42; mean difference, 11.29; 95% CI, 0.92-21.66; p = 0.033). For ETI, there was a significant increase in most subscales in the intervention group, but there was no significant difference for BMV. Average NASA-TLX scores were all in the "low" range for both groups (range: control BVM 23.06, sd 13.91 to intervention ETI 38.15; sd 20.45). The effect of provider role on workloads was statistically significant only for physical demand ( p = 0.001). As the complexity of procedure increased (BVM → LMA → ETI), the workload increased in all six subscales ( p < 0.05). The use of aerosol box increased workload during ETI but not with BVM and LMA insertion. Overall workload scores remained in the "low" range, and there was no significant difference between airway provider and assistant.

Mental workload analysis of Industrial Engineering students in Cebu Technological University: National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index

Mental workload analysis of Industrial Engineering students in Cebu Technological University: National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index

3D printing in anatomical lung segmentectomies: A randomized pilot trial

ObjectiveThis pilot study evaluated the impact of using a 3D printed model of the patient's bronchovascular lung anatomy on the mental workload and fatigue of surgeons during full thoracoscopic segmentectomy. DesignWe performed a feasibility pilot study of a prospective randomized controlled trial with 2 parallel arms. All included patients underwent digital 3D visual reconstruction of their bronchovascular anatomy and were randomized into the following two groups: Digital arm (only a virtual 3D model was available) and Digital + Object arm (both virtual and printed 3D models were available). The primary end-point was the surgeons’ mental workload measured using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) score. SettingBetween October 28, 2020 and October 05, 2021, we successively investigated all anatomic segmentectomies performed via thoracoscopy in the Thoracic Department of the Montsouris Mutualiste Institute, except for S6 segmentectomies and S4+5 left bi-segmentectomies. ParticipantsWe assessed 102 patients for anatomical segmentectomy. Among the, 40 were randomly assigned, and 34 were deemed analysable, with 17 patients included in each arm. ResultsComparison of the two groups, each comprising 17 patients, revealed no statistically significant difference in primary or secondary end-points. The consultation of the visual digital model was significantly less frequent when a 3D printed model was available (6 versus 54 consultations, p = 0.001). Notably, both arms exhibited high NASA-TLX scores, particularly in terms of mental demand, temporal demand, and effort scores. ConclusionIn our pilot study, 3D printed models and digital 3D reconstructions for pre-operative planning had an equivalent effect on thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy for experienced surgeons. The originality of this study lies in its focus on the impact of 3D printing of bronchovascular anatomy on surgeons, rather than solely on the surgical procedure.

Paramedic Mental Workload in Pandemic Covid-19 Era

The number of Covid-19 patients hospitalized continues to increase in line with the increase in Covid-19 cases in Indonesia. The increasing number of Covid-19 patients in hospitals is increasing the workload of paramedics. High workloads will cause saturation and fatigue. In addition, an increase in the number of Covid-19 patients increases anxiety and depression will be infected when treating patients. Paramedics should also use personal protective equipment during shift guards which causes dehydration and discomfort. This situation can degrade the quality of service to patients. The study aims to measure the mental workload of paramedics by NASA-TLX (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) method and find out the factors that affect mental workload levels. This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted at Hospital X type C in Malang Regency in October 2020. The samples used were all 100 Hospital X paramedics. Research instruments in the form of questionnaires shared through Google Form. Data analysis is done with descriptive analysis and Chi-Square analysis with p value &lt;0.05. The results found paramedics had a low mental workload of 1%, a moderate mental load of 3%, a high mental workload of 47%, and a very high mental workload of 49%. The Chi-Square test results found that age factors had an effect on the mental workload level of paramedics.

The mental workload of ICU nurses performing human-machine tasks and associated factors: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey.

To assess the level of mental workload (MWL) of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in performing different human-machine tasks and examine the predictors of the MWL. A cross-sectional questionnaire study. Between January and February 2021, data were collected from ICU nurses (n = 427) at nine tertiary hospitals selected from five (east, west, south, north, central) regions in China through an electronic questionnaire, including sociodemographic questions, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Difficulty-assessing Index System of Nursing Operation Technique, and System Usability Scale. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression models were used. ICU nurses experienced a medium level of MWL (score 52.04 on a scale of 0-100) while performing human-machine tasks. ICU nurses' MWL was notably higher in conducting first aid and life support tasks (using defibrillators or ventilators). Predictors of MWL were task difficulty, system usability, professional title, age, self-efficacy, ICU category, and willingness to study emerging technology actively. Task difficulty and system usability were the strongest predictors of nearly all typical tasks. ICU nurses experience a medium MWL while performing human-machine tasks, but higher mental, temporal, and effort are perceived compared to physical demands. The MWL varied significantly across different human-machine tasks, among which are significantly higher: first aid and life support and information-based human-machine tasks. Task difficulty and system availability are decisive predictors of MWL. This is the first study to investigate the level of MWL of ICU nurses performing different representative human-machine tasks and to explore its predictors, which provides a reference for future research. These findings suggest that healthcare organizations should pay attention to the MWL of ICU nurses and develop customized management strategies based on task characteristics to maintain a moderate level of MWL, thus enabling ICU nurses to perform human-machine tasks better. No patient or public contribution.

Analisis Pengukuran Beban Kerja Mental Pekerja Produksi CV. Hikmah Jaya Garment Menggunakan Metode NASA-TLX dan RSME

Hikmah Jaya Garment is a company that produces various clothing equipment and apparel manufacturing. With the number of production requests that continue to increase every time as well as the application of the make-to-order system which causes an uncertain production schedule, it causes the emergence of its own work demands for workers. These conditions can affect the quality of the production results they are working on, so this study aims to analyze the mental workload experienced by employees at CV. Hikmah Jaya Garment is a reference for providing improvement solutions to increase work productivity. This research uses the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and Rating Scale Mental Effort (RSME) methods through a questionnaire containing factors or indicators of mental workload to workers. Based on the results of calculations and analysis, the average NASA-TLX score is 74.9% and the average RSME score is 83.1%, which means that the mental workload experienced by workers is in a high category with the amount of effort expended included in a large enough category. These high results cause less than optimal worker productivity so there are several recommendations for improvement in the aspects of workload indicators. Keywords: Mental Workload, NASA-TLX, Production, RSME, 5S

A prospective study of surgeons’ workloads and associated factors in real-world practice

New technologies such as laparoscopic and robotic surgery are spreading, and there is a demand for physicians to keep up with novel methods. In contrast to the recent focus on healthcare professional burnout, the mental and physical costs during surgery are not well-understood. We aimed to quantify surgeons’ workloads in daily urological surgical practice and clarify potential background factors associated with such workloads. Urologists in Hokkaido, Japan, were invited to this study. Between December 2020 and December 2021, participants repeatedly reported workloads, which were assessed using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), after each surgery in conjunction with participants’ names, patients’ backgrounds, their roles (independent operator, operator under supervision, instructor, and 1st or 2nd assistant), and surgical outcomes, via SurveyMonkey®. Because of the heterogeneity among individuals, a linear mixed-effects model was utilized to analyze factors associated with NASA-TLX, calculating the parameter estimates (PE) of regression coefficients for each factor and their 95% confidence interval (CI). Sixty-five urologists (5 women) joined the study, and 2169 data were collected within 7 days after surgeries. A linear mixed-effects model revealed that female surgeons (PE + 15.56, 95% CI 2.36–28.77), urgent/emergency surgery (PE + 6.65, 95% CI 4.59–8.70), intraoperative complications (PE + 9.26, 95% CI 6.76–11.76), and near-miss incidents (PE + 3.81, 95% CI 2.27–5.36) were associated with higher workloads. Regarding the surgeons’ role, operator under supervision (PE + 12.46, 95% CI 9.86–15.06) showed the highest workloads. Surgeons’ workloads decreased as the number of previous cases of the same procedure increased. Surgeons’ workloads were associated with various factors. Given that the highest workloads were for operators under supervision, instructors should be aware of trainees’ high workloads and devise appropriate instructional interventions.

Low back pain and perceived psychological workload among electricians

IntroductionLow back pain (LBP) is a serious threat to electricians. It is well known that LBP is associated with physical strain. But the impact of psychological workload on the occurrence of LBP needs further investigation.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the link between LBP and perceived psychological workload among electricians.MethodsThe study was conducted with a sample of workers from a Tunisian Electricity society. Data were gathered between January-June 2022 using a self-administered questionnaire including socio-professional characteristics and the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire during the last 12 months and the last 7 days. To assess the perceived workload, we used the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). In this study, we evaluated raw NASA-TLX scores.Results Our study included 68 male electricians. The mean age was 39.2 ± 10.3 years. The average job tenure was 16± 11.4 years. According to the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, 32.4% of participants reported low back pain during the last 12 months. Thirty participants (19.1%) had low back pain during the last 7 days. The mean score of mental demand, physical demand, performance, effort, frustration level and temporal demand were respectively 88.2±14.3, 61.1±24, 84.8±13.3, 82.6±14.5, 35.8±29.2 and 60.4±28.8. The frustration level was associated with the presence of LBP during the last 12 months and the last 7 days (p&lt;0.05).Conclusions From the results of this study, we conclude that LBP was associated with the perceived psychological workload. Hence, the prevention of LBP should go through the improvement of work conditions to enhance the mental health of the electricians.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Using Mixed Reality Simulation to Improve Junior Medical Trainees’ Preparedness to Manage High-Acuity Trauma

High-acuity trauma necessitates experienced and rapid intervention to prevent patient harm. However, upskilling junior trainees through hands-on management of real trauma cases is rarely feasible without compromising patient safety. This...

Quantifying emergency department nursing workload at the task level using NASA-TLX: An exploratory descriptive study

BackgroundEmergency departments (ED) nurses experience high mental workloads because of unpredictable work environments; however, research evaluating ED nursing workload using a tool incorporating nurses’ perception is lacking. Quantify ED nursing subjective workload and explore the impact of work experience on perceived workload. MethodsThirty-two ED nurses at a tertiary academic hospital in the Republic of Korea were surveyed to assess their subjective workload for ED procedures using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). Nonparametric statistical analysis was performed to describe the data, and linear regression analysis was conducted to estimate the impact of work experience on perceived workload. ResultsCardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) had the highest median workload, followed by interruption from a patient and their family members. Although inexperienced nurses perceived the ‘special care’ procedures (CPR and defibrillation) as more challenging compared with other categories, analysis revealed that nurses with more than 107 months of experience reported a significantly higher workload than those with less than 36 months of experience. ConclusionAddressing interruptions and customizing training can alleviate ED nursing workload. Quantified perceived workload is useful for identifying acceptable thresholds to maintain optimal workload, which ultimately contributes to predicting nursing staffing needs and ED crowding.