Soymilk Yogurt Research Articles

Enhancing Yogurt Functionality through Enrichment with Cow and Soy Milk: Production and Quality Evaluation

Yoghurt is a fermented dairy product produced from cow’s milk. Soybeans are abundant, reasonably priced, and high in protein, so there has been some work done to use them to make more pleasant and acceptable food products. Although many people eat cow's milk yoghurt, others who are lactose intolerant or follow a plant-based diet could find it incompatible. However, in comparison to regular yoghurt, soy milk yoghurt does not always live up to customer expectations regarding flavor and texture, even though it is nutritionally sound. The difficult part of making yoghurt is creating a recipe that combines the health advantages of soy milk with the desired sensory attributes of cow milk yoghurt. In the current investigation, soy milk was added to the milk of cows. The final soybean yoghurt was assessed about post-acidification modifications. The primary aim of this research is to improve the nutritional value and functioning of yoghurt by the addition of a blend of soy and cow's milk. In keeping in mind yogurt is made out of cow milk and soy milk. Cow milk is rich in protein, calcium, vitamin D, and Potassium. Soy milk is rich in vitamins A, B, and proteins. The yogurt made out of this may have various health benefits. The study blended cow and soy milk in various proportions to create different yogurt formulations. The treatments were as follows: T1: Soy milk (200 ml) without cow milk, T2: Cow milk (200 ml) without soy milk, T3: [Cow milk (100 ml) + Soy milk (100 ml)], T4: [Cow milk (120 ml) + Soy milk (80 ml)], T5: [Cow milk (80 ml) + Soy milk (120 ml)], T6: [Cow milk (160 ml) + Soy milk (40 ml)], and T7: [Cow milk (40 ml) + Soy milk (160 ml)]. These formulations were tested to achieve a high-quality blended yogurt that is both nutritious and flavorful. Combining soy and cow's milk to enhance yoghurt is a viable way to satisfy the nutritional requirements of a wider range of customers, including those who have lactose intolerances or who choose plant-based diets. According to the study's findings, soy milk-enriched yoghurt is a competitive and enticing product on the market since it maintains the good aspects of regular yoghurt while also offering increased nutritional value. Optimising the ratio of cow to soy milk and gauging long-term customer acceptability are two potential areas for future study.

Soymilk yogurt fermented using Pediococcus pentosaceus TOKAI 759m improves mice gut microbiota and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production.

This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activities and bioactive compounds of soymilk yogurt prepared using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TOKAI 17 or Pediococcus pentosaceus TOKAI 759m. Mice were divided into five groups: normal diet (ND), soymilk, soymilk yogurt using L. plantarum TOKAI 17 (SY 17) or P. pentosaceus TOKAI 759m (SY 759m), and 0.5×109 cells of each starter strain (BC 17 or BC759m). In the SY 759m group, the serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells were attenuated compared to the ND group. In the cecum microbiota, the abundances of butyrate-producing bacteria increased in the SY 759m and BC 17 groups. Furthermore, SY 759m metabolites contained high levels of aglycone isoflavone, adenine and showed a significant decrease in CCL-2 and interleukin-6 production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage. In conclusion, soymilk yogurt produced using P. pentosaceus TOKAI 759m modulates the gut microbiota and can potentially prevent pro-inflammatory cytokine production.

Study of the Correlation Between Vitamins and Iron on the Antioxidant Activity of Soy Milk Yogurt Enriched with Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)

Soy milk yogurt is a functional food that has health benefits. To improve the nutritional (vitamin) and functional (antioxidant) properties of yogurt, purslane leaves are added. This study aims to determine the relationship between vitamins C, E and iron on antioxidant activity (AA) in soy milk yogurt substituted with purslane. This research method uses random group 1 factor with a ratio of soy milk: purslane (100:0; 92.5:7.5; 85:15; 77.5:22.5; 70:30). Data were analyzed using correlation-regression. The results showed that the higher the purslane enrichment, the higher the vitamin E and vitamin C and each had a strong positive correlation with AA with an influence of 88.97% and 89.16% respectively. On the other hand, the higher the addition of purslane, the lower the iron content, causing AA to increase, with an Fe effect of 91.54% and a strong negative correlation. Thus, enriching yogurt with purslane leaves only increases vitamins C and E which have a positive impact on its antioxidant activity.

Pengaruh penambahan sari buah naga merah pada yoghurt susu kedelai serta uji aktivitas antibakteri

Food is one of the most important needs for humans because it relates to daily nutritional needs. The solution to this problem is to consume food with good nutritional content supported by appropriate food processing innovations. Milk can be drunk directly or processed into various forms of food and drinks with milk-based ingredients, such as yogurt. This study aims to make yogurt products from soy milk using red dragon fruit juice as a substitute for sugar and to test their antibacterial activity in inhibiting Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae bacteria. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments, namely the addition of red dragon fruit juice with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, 3 replications, and the diffusion method for testing antibacterial activity. The results showed that the best yoghurt formula was obtained from F3 (yoghurt with the addition of 15% concentration of red dragon fruit juice). The panelist hedonic test gives values ranging from slightly like to like for color, aroma, taste, and texture; for organoleptic F3, these are: color (dark pink), taste (sour), texture (liquid-thick), and aroma (typical); pH 3.49; TAT 1.39%; Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) 2.09 x 1010 CFU/mL; and also had an average diameter of inhibition of 18.96 mm against Salmonella thypi (P<0.05) and 20.10 mm against Shigella dysenteriae (p<0.05). Soy milk yogurt with the addition of varying concentrations of red dragon fruit juice has antibacterial activity.

Biochemical characterization and insights into the potency of the acidic Aspergillus niger NRC114 purified α-galactosidase in removing raffinose family oligosaccharides from soymilk yogurt

BackgroundBecause humans lack α-galactosidase, foods containing certain oligosaccharides from the raffinose family, such as soybeans and other legumes, may disrupt digestion and cause flatulence.ResultsAspergillus niger NRC114 α-galactosidase was purified using protein precipitation, gel filtration, and ion exchange chromatography steps, which resulted in a 123-fold purification. The purified enzyme was found to be 64 kDa using the SDS-PAGE approach. The optimum pH and temperature of the purified α-galactosidase were detected at pH 3.5 and 60 ºC, respectively. The pure enzyme exhibited potent acidic pH stability at pH 3.0 and pH 4.0 for 2 h, and it retained its full activity at 50 ºC and 60 ºC for 120 min and 90 min, respectively. The enzyme was activated using 2.5 mM of K+, Mg2+, Co2+, or Zn2+ by 14%, 23%, 28%, and 11%, respectively. The Km and Vmax values of the purified enzyme were calculated to be 0.401 µM and 14.65 μmol min−1, respectively. The soymilk yogurt showed an increase in its total phenolic content and total flavonoids after enzyme treatment, as well as several volatile compounds that were detected and identified using GC–MS analysis. HPLC analysis clarified the enzymatic action in the hydrolysis of raffinose family oligosaccharides.ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate the importance of A. niger NRC114 α-galactosidase enzyme for future studies, especially its applications in a variety of biological fields.

Bioactivity of Organic Fermented Soymilk as Next-Generation Prebiotic/Probiotics Mixture

Fermented soymilk (soymilk yogurt) was made by fermenting soymilk with five probiotic bacterial strains (Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917, Lactobacillus casei DSM 20011, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 20552, Lactococcus thermophilus DSM 20259, and Bifidobacterium longum B41409) that were used as monocultures and combined with them as consortia cultures. Seven pathogenic strains, E. coli O157H7, S. aureus As4, S. typhimurium As3, S. shigae As2, L. monocytogenes As1, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and B. cereus Dsmz 345, were used to study the antibacterial activity of fermented soymilk by agar well diffusion assay. Results indicated that Gram-negative pathogenesis was more sensitive to probiotic cultures than Gram-positive pathogenesis. E. coli O15H7, S. typhimirium As3, and Shigella shigae As2 were more sensitive to probiotic cultures, presenting inhibition zone diameters (IZA) ranging from 10 to 20 mm, 12 to 16 mm, and 10 to 16 mm, respectively. At the same time, P. aeruginosa Atcc 27853 showed the lowest (IZA), ranging from 3 mm to 8 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined at various concentrations of soymilk fermented by T1, T4, and T5, ranging from 0.031 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL against pathogenic bacterial strains. The sensory properties of FSM were evaluated, and sensory analysis during soymilk fermentation showed significant improvement. The effect of shelf life (storage period) on FSM quality and properties was evaluated; during shelf life (storage period), FSM saved its properties and quality after 28 days of cold storage. Finally, it was stated that the soymilk yogurt can be used as a substitute for buffalo and cow milk for therapeutic feeding in the future.

Optimization of pea protein and citrus fiber contents for plant based stirred soymilk yogurt using response surface methodology.

This study investigated the optimization of pea protein (PP) and citrus fiber (CF) contents with the goal of producing a clean-label plant-based stirred soymilk yogurt that is free of additives. If CF is absent, a greater PP concentration tends to produce soymilk yogurt with improved physical properties (viscosity, flowability and water holding capacity). A CF concentration of 0.1% helped to improve the physical properties necessary in the production of stirred yogurt; however, an increase in CF concentration to 0.2% or higher would instead cause the physical properties to become unfavorable. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count was unaffected by CF content and increased proportionally with PP content. Response surface methodology was employed to investigate how the physical properties were affected by the mixing ratio, and an optimization technique was used to obtain the optimal yogurt mixing ratio. According to the optimization process, the optimal contents of 4% PP and 0.1% CF was obtained with a desirability of 87.1%. This result could provide the basic and fundamental information for developing clean-label plant-based stirred soymilk yogurt as a reference in the future.

In vitro evaluation of the anti-diabetic potential of soymilk yogurt and identification of inhibitory compounds on the formation of advanced glycation end-products

In this study, we aimed to identify starter strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to produce soymilk yogurt that can decrease the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. The inhibition assays of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP- IV) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation were conducted using 70% ethanol (EtOH) extraction of freeze-dried soymilk yogurt. Soymilk yogurt produced using Weissella confusa TOKAI 2 showed the highest inhibition rate in the α-amylase inhibition assay, while soymilk yogurt produced using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TOKAI 17 showed the highest inhibition rates in the α-glucosidase and DPP-Ⅳ inhibition assays, respectively. Soymilk yogurt produced using Streptococcus macedonicus TOKAI 4 showed the highest inhibitory activities in Nω-(carboxymethyl) arginine (CMA) and Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) formation, respectively. Furthermore, soymilk yogurt prepared using Lb. plantarum TOKAI 17 and Lactiplantibacillus pentosus TOKAI 35 exhibited higher proportions of aglycone isoflavones than soymilk and showed a higher fluorescent AGEs inhibitory activity than that of soymilk (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the inhibition assay assessing fluorescent AGEs formation using isoflavones indicated that aglycone-type isoflavones, such as genistein and daidzein, had higher inhibitory activities than that of glycosides (p < 0.05). These results indicate that soymilk yogurt produced using Lb. plantarum TOKAI 17 and Lb. pentosus TOKAI 35 had inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase, DPP-Ⅳ, and AGEs formation in vitro, and that aglycone isoflavones might inhibit the formation of fluorescent AGEs.

Effects of the substitution of cow’s milk with soymilk on the micronutrients, microbial, and sensory qualities of yoghurt

The consumption of imported dairy products is high especially in developing countries including Nigeria where little or no milk is produced locally which makes the products expensive, out of reach to common consumers and also inconvenient for lactose intolerance and vegans. Soymilk, as plant-based milk was substituted for cow’s milk in parts and in whole for the production of yoghurt and the effect of substitution was evaluated on the minerals, vitamins, microbial, and sensory properties of the products using the established methods. Significant differences (p < 0.05) exits among the yoghurt samples in the micronutrient contents. The soymilk substitution produced yoghurts with trace/macro mineral contents’ range of 0.14–28.50 mg/100 g and vitamin contents (ranged 0.02–0.43 mg/100 g) that were of comparable range of values with the yoghurt made with 100% cow’s milk (0.21–29.60 mg/100 g minerals and 0.05–0.58 mg/100 g vitamins). Generally, no significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in most of the sensory attributes evaluated (range 8.00–8.01) in the entire samples (except in the 100% soymilk yoghurt). The microbial analysis proved the safety of the entire products for consumption. These showed the positive effect of substituting soymilk for cow’s milk at all the levels used, thus, the lactose intolerance and vegans can find alternative to dairy yoghurt in the 100% soymilk substitution and enjoy the functional health benefits of yoghurt. Also, the total dependence on importation of dairy milk and cost of production of composited milk yoghurt could be reduced to improve the nation’s economy and make the product economically accessible to common man.Graphical abstract

Processing of Functional Yoghurt-Like Product from Soymilk Supplemented by Probiotics.

In this study, a new functional yoghurt-like product was manufactured using soymilk (sample B), mix of soymilk and cow milk (sample C), and both were compared with yoghurt of cow milk (sample A) as a control. The three yoghurt samples (A, B, and C) were processed using the traditional starter culture and Bifidobacterium bifidum: (A) 100% cow milk yoghurt, (B) 100% soymilk yoghurt, and (C) (50%cow milk + 50%soy milk) yoghurt. All samples were stored at 4°C for 15 days and analyzed on 1st, 7th, and 15th day of the storage period. The results showed that all samples have kept a vital force of 106 colony/g until the 15th day of cooled storage period, and thus, achieving the feature of probiotic food. Moreover, soymilk yoghurt had the highest content of protein (3.75%) and the highest levels of unsaturated fatty acids, making it nutritious and healthy food. Furthermore, it had an acceptable taste, smell, and a firm texture. This product may be considered as a probiotic vegan and partial alternative to cow milk yoghurt. Additionally, adding probiotic bacteria prolonged the shelf-life and improved the flavor of soymilk.

Anti-Diabetic Activity of Soymilk Yogurt and Identification of Inhibitory Compounds on the Formation of Advanced Glycation End-Products

Anti-Diabetic Activity of Soymilk Yogurt and Identification of Inhibitory Compounds on the Formation of Advanced Glycation End-Products

Uji Organoleptik dan Umur Simpan Soyghurt dengan Berbagai Konsentrasi Gula dan Waktu Inkubasi

One of fermented soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) products is soy milk, called as Thew Fu Sui by the community of Bangka Belitung. Soy milk product has unpleasant aroma or “langu” and need to be processed into alternative product such as yogurt. Soy milk yogurt (soyghurt) was made by utilizing the same bacteria in yogurt-making from animal milk including Streptococcus thermophillus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Sugar concentration and incubation time were the factors that influenced the fermentation process and product’s taste. This research was conducted to determine the level of people's preference for soyghurt by organoleptic assessment of color, taste, aroma and texture based on variation of sugar concentration and incubation time of soyghurt. Our study found that various additional sugar concentration and incubation time gave difference result in organoleptic test. Soyghurt with 10%, 12.5%, and 15% of sugar addition became more favorable among the participant. The incubation time of 8 hours, 12 hours, and 16 hours equally produced good fermentation results. Storage in refrigerator for 1 days could maintain its flavor, texture, colour and aroma, but changed after 2 days stored.

Quality properties of yoghurt produced from cow milk and soymilk

The effect of base materials (whole cow milk, powdered milk and soymilk) on the physicochemical,&#x0D; microbial and organopletic properties of yoghurt were determined in a nested procedure of completely randomized experimental design. The results showed that significantly (P &lt; 0.001) higher titratable acidity and total fats values of 2.09% and 3.07% were recorded on whole cow milk yoghurt (WCMY) and lower values of 1.46% and 2.07% recorded on soymilk yoghurt (SMY), respectively The total solids of 13.40% obtained on SMY was significantly different (P &lt; 0.001) from 16.00% and 15.74% obtained on WCMY and powdered milk yoghurt (PMY), respectively. The total protein of PMY (3.48%) was the highest and significantly different from the 3.03% obtained on WCMY, which was also different from the 2.96% obtained on SMY. No significant difference was recorded on total microbial load due to base material. The Ca values of WCMY (1.704 to 2.086 g/ 0 were higher than those (1.101 to 1.282 gll) of PMY, which were higher. than those (0.512 to 0.564 gi0 of SMY (P &lt; 0.05). The concentration of Cu in SMY produced with 2.5 g/l inoculant was significantly the highest. The taste of PMY rated pleasant (3.4) was significantly (P &lt; 0.001) higher than those of WCMY rated fair (2.5) and SMY rated indifferent (2.0). Also the overall acceptability rating of 3.5 (between fair and pleasant) for PMY was significantly (P &lt; 0.001) higher than ratings for WCMY and SMY (2.5 and 2.1, respectively). It was concluded that qualitative and acceptable yoghurt could be produced from the three base materials.

Microbial and Sensory Analysis of Soy and Cow Milk-Based Yogurt as a Probiotic Matrix for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1

Plant-based milk alternatives represent a growing sector of the functional food industry due to consumer demand for more nutritious and sustainable options. Soymilk is abundant in fibre, phytosterols, and isoflavones. In contrast, cow milk has a high cholesterol and caloric content, superior organoleptic characteristics, and a well-established probiotic delivery matrix. Supplementing cow milk with soymilk to produce probiotic yogurt may enhance the nutritional value, sensory profile, and probiotic delivery capacity of the final product. In order to investigate the probiotic potential and sensory appeal of this blend, four yogurt mixtures were prepared by incorporating 0% (T1), 25% (T2), 50% (T3), or 75% (T4) soymilk in cow milk. The viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and pH were evaluated during fermentation (6 h) and refrigerated storage (30 days). Additionally, consumer acceptability was determined through a sensory evaluation. L. rhamnosus GR-1 reached viable counts of 108 colony forming units (CFU)/mL in all treatments. Sensory panellists provided higher hedonic scores to T1 for appearance and texture compared to T2–T4, but flavour and overall acceptability ratings amongst T1–T4 were comparable. These results serve as an indication for the successful fortification of cow and soymilk yogurt mixtures with L. rhamnosus GR-1.

Comparative studies on the effect of probiotic additions on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of yoghurt made from soymilk and cow's milk during refrigeration storage (R2)

Soymilk yoghurt is an option to consumers who are allergic to cow's milk yoghurt. Probiotics can provide gut health. The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics, including pH, colour, firmness and syneresis of yoghurt made from soymilk and cow's milk as affected by the addition of probiotics during storage at 4 °C for 28 days at 7-day intervals. Microstructure and bacterial populations were also determined. Two types of yoghurt were prepared. The first type was prepared with the additions of commercially available yogurt starter containing Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (LB) and Streptococcus thermophilus (ST). The second type was prepared with the same yogurt starters plus three probiotics, including Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB), L. acidophilus La-5 (LA), and L. rhamnosus (LGG). Probiotics reduced syneresis and increased compact network of soymilk yoghurt significantly (p < 0.05) and shortened the time needed to reach pH 4.5 in both cow's milk and soymilk yogurts. During storage, the pH of cow's milk yoghurts slightly decreased (4.37–4.26 with probiotics and 4.54 to 4.33 without probiotics), however, the pH of soymilk yoghurts remained relatively constant. The firmness of yoghurt made from cow's milk was significantly decreased with the addition of probiotics, however, it remained stable in soy milk yoghurt during storage. Soymilk yoghurt (34–50 g force during compression) was generally firmer than cow's milk yoghurts (9.8–12.5 g force). The cow's milk yogurt had slightly higher counts of ST, LB and LA than soymilk yogurt, but the count of BB in soymilk yogurt is significantly higher than that in cow's milk yogurt.

Antioxidant capacity of soymilk yogurt and exopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals, are highly reactive molecules derived from the metabolism of oxygen. ROS play positive roles in cell physiology, but they may also damage cell membranes and DNA, inducing oxidation that causes membrane lipid peroxidation and decreases membrane fluidity. Soymilk yogurt, which is soymilk fermented using lactic acid bacteria (LAB), is an excellent food item with numerous functional substances with antioxidant effects. In this study, the antioxidative activities of soymilk yogurt were investigated. Sixteen of the 26 tested LAB strains solidified soymilk. In antioxidant capacity tests for bacterial cells, Leuconostoc mesenteroides MYU 60 and Pediococcus pentosaceus MYU 759 showed the highest values in the oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and hydroxyl radical antioxidant capacity (HORAC) tests, respectively. The supernatant of soymilk yogurt made with Lactobacillus gasseri MYU 1 showed the highest ORAC and HORAC values. L. mesenteroides MYU 60, Lactobacillus plantarum MYU 74, Lactobacillus reuteri MYU 220, and P. pentosaceus MYU 759 showed significantly high N-acetylcysteine equivalent values compared with the control in a total ROS reducing assay (p<0.05). These strains were selected, and a comet assay was performed, which exhibited decreased values in all selected strains compared with the control, indicating DNA protection. An acidic exopolysaccharide produced by P. pentosaceus MYU 759 showed high antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant substances produced by LAB fermentation may be exopolysaccharides, antioxidant peptides, and isoflavone aglycones. Soymilk yogurt can be used as a functional food useful for various diseases related to oxidation.

Optimal Combination of Soy, Buffalo, and Cow's Milk in Bioyogurt for Optimal Chemical, Nutritional, and Health Benefits

ABSTRACTObjective: Soy milk is enriched with nutritive elements such as proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, lecithins, isoflavones, mineral substances, free amino acids, and polypeptides. The aim of this study was to increase the health and nutritional values of bioyogurt by using ABT-5 culture and mixing soy milk with buffalo and cow's milk.Methods: Five treatments of yogurt were made from soy, buffalo, and cow's milk and from 75% buffalo + 25% soy milk mixture and 75% cow + 25% soy milk mixture using ABT-5 culture.Results: Utilization of soy milk in yogurt production decreased acidity, redox potential (Eh), total solids (TS), fat, total nitrogen, ash, total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs), saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and total amino acids contents. In contrast, the highest levels of unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), linoleic acid, and α-linolenic acid were detected. Higher numbers of L. acidophilus and bifidobacteria were found in soy milk yogurt than in buffalo or cow's milk. Blending of buffalo or cow's milk with soy milk increased the sensory evaluation scores of yogurt.Conclusions: Mixtures of 25% soy milk + 75% buffalo milk, 25% soy milk + 75% cow's milk and ABT-5 culture could be successfully used in production of bioyogurt characterized by high health and nutritional properties. These optimal combinations highly enhanced probiotic bacteria. The recommended level of 107 cfu.g−1 of bifidobacteria as a probiotic was exceeded for soy milk yogurt treatments.

Production of symbiotic drink of oatmeal and coconut oil

Oatmeal liquid vegetable protein can be consumed by people intolerant to cow's milk. Produced a vegetable drink using oats as prebiotic and probiotic culture added (Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 (1x106UFC/g), Bifidobacterium BB-12 (1x106UFC/g) and Streptococcus thermophilus). Probiotic characteristics were evaluated of microorganisms and its physico-chemical quality. The formulation achieved by fermentation for five hours in an oven kept at a temperature of 42ºc, was characterized and compared to a probiotic yogurt commercial brand of cow's milk and oats. The drink produced presented pH of 4.82, acidity of 0.45%, 2 protein, 34 g/% and vitamin C (antioxidant) 7mg. The viscosity and consistency had typical result of yogurts. These values are similar to those reported in other studies for soy milk yogurts and milk cows. Lactic bacteria used in the preparation of the drink presented resistance to hydrochloric acid in the light of the minimum amounts established by the legislation in force. The prebiotic (oats) maintained the viability of lactic acid bacteria in the top level of the commercial sample, being required to characterize a food as probiotic. This study was obtained a symbiotic product, functional, nutritious and healthy.

Chemical Composition, Microbial Properties and Sensory Evaluation of Yoghurt Made from Admixture of Buffalo, Cow and Soy Milk

The impact of using soy milk on various yoghurt properties was investigated. Five treatments of yoghurt were made from soy, buffalo or cow milk or from their mixtures. Soy milk yoghurt possessed the lowest acidity, redox potential, total solids, fat, total nitrogen, ash, total volatile fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and total amino acids contents while the buffalo’s milk yoghurt had the highest values for all the previous. Also, mixing of soymilk with buffalo or cow milk decreased these values in the resultant yoghurt. Conversely, Soymilk yoghurt had the highest level of unsaturated fatty acids and linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid. The count of Str. thermophillus was almost similar for fresh samples of soy, buffalo and cow milk yoghurt. Utilization of soy milk only or mixed with buffalo or cow milk in yoghurt manufacture clearly decreased the count of L. bulgaricus. In conculosion mixing of buffalo or cow milk with soy milk increased the sensory evaluation scores of yoghurt produced.

Formulation of novel value enriched yoghurt and its quality evaluation

Abstract The objective of the study was aimed to develop value added yoghurt with soy milk and mango pulp. At the first stage, level of soy milk inclusion in yoghurt has been optimized using 10, 20 and 30 per cent of soy milk. Based on the results of sensory evaluation and protein value, it is found that soy milk can be added up to the 30% in value enriched yoghurt production. In the second stage, addition of pasteurized mango pulp @ 5 , 10 and 15% level was tried in to the 30% soy milk yoghurt. Based on the sensory scores and physico chemical properties, 15% mango pulp was optimized to produce the value enriched yoghurt. There were significant changes (P<0.05) in protein and total solids content in 30% soy milk yoghurt when compared with control yoghurt. Highest values for protein and total solids of yoghurt with 30% soy milk and 15 % mango pulp were 7.0 and 16.6% respectively. An increase in lactose and total solids was observed when there was increase in mango pulp addition. The microbial quality evaluation was done in the random samples of valued enriched yoghurt and it is found that there is absence of coliform count and 1.477 (log 10) cfu/ml of yeast mould count. Based on the keeping quality study, the developed yoghurt could be stored for 15 days at refrigeration temperature.