Southeast Algeria Research Articles

Hydrological Modeling of Watersheds Using the Only Corresponding Competitor Method: The Case of M'Zab Basin, South East Algeria

Hydrological Modeling of Watersheds Using the Only Corresponding Competitor Method: The Case of M'Zab Basin, South East Algeria

Hydrological Modeling of Watersheds Using the Only Corresponding Competitor Method: The Case of M'Zab Basin, South East Algeria

Hydrological Modeling of Watersheds Using the Only Corresponding Competitor Method: The Case of M'Zab Basin, South East Algeria

Effects of Certain Natural Breeding Site Characteristics on the Distribution of Culicidae (Diptera) Mosquito Species in Southeast Algeria

This study aimed to characterise mosquito species distribution based on the nature and type of breeding habitats and the influence of the vegetation that occupies these sites. Knowledge of variation in breeding site types can help in the design of optimal vector control strategies. In different areas of Biskra (southeast Algeria), mosquito immature stages were collected using standard dippers. Twenty-four breeding sites were found in four areas of Biskra (Chetma, Bbordj Ben Azouz, Sidi Okba and Biskra). With a total of 44 677 individuals, the inventory of Culicidae revealed 22 species distributed through six genera from 2009 to 2013. Three species — Aedes caspius, Culex pipiens and Culiseta longiareolata — were the most predominant, occupying several different types of permanent and temporary breeding sites. In addition, analysis of the distribution of species based on the flora occupying these sites revealed that Culex laticinctus, Aedes annulipes, Anopheles sergentii, Culiseta longiareolata, Culex pipiens and Aedes caspius were species that had a strong ability to cohabit.

Effect of phospho-potassium fertilization on yield of Deglet Nour date palm grown in gypsum soil and irrigated with salted water (Biskra southeast Algeria)

Effect of phospho-potassium fertilization on yield of Deglet Nour date palm grown in gypsum soil and irrigated with salted water (Biskra southeast Algeria)

Seasonal effect on solar distillation in the El-Oued region of south-east Algeria

In the present purely experimental work, we tested a solar distiller with a simple slope in the region of El-Oued located in the south-east of Algeria, during the winter then the summer seasons at the same place. Dimensions of the studied device are (1000 x 500 mm), while the depth of the water to be distilled is 1 cm, the glazing thickness is 4 mm, and the tilt angle with respect to the horizontal is 10 °.The aim of this work is to compare distillation between winter (January) and summer (May) to show that weather factors such as solar radiation, ambient temperature and humidity are influential on the distiller productivity. The amount of distilled water in winter was about 119 ml per day. However, that in summer was 1127 ml per day in total, so it is an increase of more than 9 times the production of distilled water.

Piezometric variation of the water table in the the Municipality of El-Oued, south-east Algeria

Municipality of El-Oued has been confronted with the phenomenon of the upwelling of water for several years and without almost any cease to become more extensive each year. This phenomenon took very alarming dimensions the last twenty years. The use of the deep layers water (the Continental intercalary and the Final Complex) in an excessive way considerably increased the volume of the water input, as well as the absence of a natural discharge system for the rejections of wastewater, are the principal causes of this ecological imbalance. Contributing to the deterioration of the palm trees, the inundation of (Ghouts) causes mortal consequences at the level of environment, agriculture, the economy and the health of Municipality of El-Oued.The piezometric variation of the water table has shown that in the areas of upwelling groundwater; correspond to piezometric depressions which has favored the accumulation and especially of the waste water.

Identifying saline wetlands in an arid desert climate using Landsat remote sensing imagery. Application on Ouargla Basin, southeastern Algeria

Supervised and unsupervised satellite image classifications have progressed greatly in recent years. However, discrimination difficulties still remain among classes that directly affecting data extraction and surface mapping accuracy. The Ouargla region in southeastern Algeria is intersected by wadis, where direct communication between the shallow groundwater table and these dry, overlying ephemeral stream beds exists. Underflowing groundwater exfiltrates into low-lying aeolian blowouts or endorheic basins forming oases, chotts, and sebkhas, commonly known as saline wetlands. These wetlands are becoming increasingly vulnerable to anthropogenic stress, resulting in significant water degradation. Wetland microclimates are very important to arid regions, as they promote oasis ecosystem sustainability and preservation. High water salinity in these ecosystems, however, directly affects flourishing habitat and undermines successful desert oasis development. The objective of this work is to choose the best classification method to identify saline wetlands by comparison between the different results of land use mapping within the Ouargla basin. Landsat ETM+ (2000) satellite imagery, using visual analysis with colored compositions, has identified various forms of saline wetlands in the Ouargla region desert environment in southeast Algeria. The results show that supervised classification is validated in the identification of Saharan saline wetlands, and that support vector machine (SVM) algorithm presents the best overall accuracy.

Modeling of meteorological data optimization to study hydrological behavior of watersheds: case study – MZAB basin, southeast of Algeria

Modeling of meteorological data optimization to study hydrological behavior of watersheds: case study – MZAB basin, southeast of Algeria

Water Potentiality of Sustainable Management Challenges in the Oued Souf Region, south east Algeria

Water is the essential product for life and is part of the essential constitution of living cells; it helps to realize all the vital operations. Water is a cosmic element, just as the sun and the earth.With population growth in the Souf region, the needs of habitats and water farmers increase. These requirements cause negative consequences for the serene life Souafa; the upwelling phenomenon of the water table has taken very alarming proportions during the late twentieth century.In our study, we interested in the mechanism of the drawdown of the aquifer waterOued Souf CTand irrational consequences of overexploitation of the aquifer on the environment of the region.

Sbeiba in Algerian Sahara and the death of the pharaoh رقصة السبیبة بالصحراء الجزائریة ووفاة الفرعون؟

In 2014 the Unesco included the folkloric ceremony of ‘Sbeiba’ to the immaterial patrimony of Algeria. South east of Algeria they celebrate this ceremony in the first ten days of Muharam. Sbeiba includes popular singing and drumming led by women and men perform choreographic folkloric dances in special traditional classic costumes. The Touareg, when asked about the nature, the origins and the story behind this ceremony ,they all replied the same story retained by children from fathers, and fathers from grand fathers “ That their ancestors danced the ‘Sbeiba’ when they heard the death of the pharaoh, as a celebration. “ Consequently the Sbeiba express a unique incident deep in history of touareg tribes. What is the nature of the relation between the Touareg in the far South of Algeria with Egyptian pharaohs? Is the date of the celebration of Sbeiba refers to a particular Pharaoh? And why did the Touareg (Grandsons of the ancient Lybians) rejoiced the death of the pharaoh? It is agreed that the oral transmission just like the mythical tale are based on one true fact, the name of a known person or tragic incident and has become recurrent memory from a distant past. Transmitted from a generation to another and this for generations, It is therefore a part of their history, kept in the collective memory in the absence of the document. Therefore, we ask the following question; What is the importance of the oral transmission as a source of history?. ملخص: أدرجت منظمة اليونسکو سنة 2014 احتفال فلکلوري يعرف باسم عيد Sbeiba ضمن التراث اللامادي للجزائر، و يحتفل التوارق جنوب شرق الجزائر بهذا العيد في العشرة أيام الأولى من شهر محرم . تشمل رقصة أهازيج وقرع الطبول من طرف النسوة ورقصات فلکلورية يشارک فيها الرجال بتأدية عروض کوريغرافية تقليدية وبألبسة تقليدية خاصة. وعن طبيعة هذه الرقصة أصلها و تاريخها يجيب التوارق برواية واحدة احتفظ بها الأبناء عن الآباء و الآباء عن الأجداد، رواية مفادها أسلافهم ابتهجوا لسماع نبأ وفاة الفرعون فرقصوا السبيبة . هي إذن رقصة تعبر عن حادثة فريدة من نوعها في عمق تاريخ هذه الأقوام . ما هي طبيعة العلاقة بين التوارق في أقصى جنوب الجزائر بفراعنة مصر ؟ و هل في موعد و تاريخ هذا الاحتفال تلميح و إشارة إلى فرعون بعينه ؟ ولماذا فرح التوارق ( أحفاد الليبيين) بوفاة هذا الفرعون ؟. من المتفق عليه أن الرواية الشفوية مثلها مثل الحکاية الأسطورية ترتکز على عنصر من الواقع، اسم شخص معلوم أو حادثة مؤثرة ، فأضحت ذکريات متعلقة بالماضي البعيد ولا بد أن تکون تلک الذکريات متواترة ، بحيث تکون قد انتقلت من جيل إلى آخر و لعدة أجيال فرسخت في الذاکرة الجماعية ، فهي إذن تکون جزءا من تاريخهم الذي احتفظت به الذاکرة في غياب الوثيقة. وعليه نطرح السؤال التالي : ما هي الأهمية التي تکتسبها الرواية الشفوية کمصدر من مصادر التاريخ ؟

Antifungal activity of Streptomyces sp.14 strain isolated from Ouargla (Southeast of Algeria): identification, production and characterization of the active substance

Antifungal activity of Streptomyces sp.14 strain isolated from Ouargla (Southeast of Algeria): identification, production and characterization of the active substance

Communiquer sur l’authenticité d’un patrimoine architectural : le cas du grand ksar de Temacine dans le Sud-Est algérien

À l’heure où le tourisme et la culture sont fortement affectés par la croissance d’informations en ligne, la valorisation de sites architecturaux – de surcroît classés secteurs sauvegardés – se pose plus que jamais. Comment valoriser un patrimoine architectural en tant que « produit touristique » tout en respectant sa préservation et son authenticité? Au prisme de la communication publique et territoriale, nous nous concentrerons sur la valorisation du site du ksar de Temacine, situé au bord de l’Oued Righ dans le bas Sahara algérien. Dans un premier temps, il s’agira d’analyser les différents supports et les différentes actions de communication réalisés par les acteurs institutionnels et associatifs visant la préservation et la promotion dudit site patrimonial. Dans un deuxième temps, deux aspects des objectifs de la communication sur l’authenticité du patrimoine seront abordés : la création de sens et la valorisation économique. Enfin, dans un troisième temps, nous préconiserons une stratégie de communication conjuguant la notion de patrimonialisation et la mise en tourisme du patrimoine culturel.

Identification and characterization of aerobic spore forming bacteria isolated from commercial camel’s milk in south of Algeria

The aim of this study was to evaluate aerobic spore-forming species contamination levels in raw and pasteurized camel’s milk. The isolated strains were also identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and characterized for their heat resistance. Camel milk (8 samples of which 4 were pasteurized) were collected from farms and markets from different regions in south east Algeria’s (Laghouat, Ghardaïa and Ain Aminas). Aerobic spore counts had 2 logCFU/mL in the raw samples. The 16S rDNA sequencing enables the identification of a selection of 20 isolates: Bacillus licheniformis (Five strains), Bacillus cereus (Nine strains), Bacillus subtilis (Three strains), Bacillus pumilus (One strain), Bacillus sonorensis (One strain), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (One strain). All B. cereus strains belonged to the phylogenetic group III of B. cereus, according to the classification proposed by Guinebretière et al. (2008), and supposedly represent potential strains of pathogenic B. cereus.The heat resistance (D-value i.e. the decimal reduction time) and heat sensitivity (zT values i.e. the temperature increase that lead to a ten-fold reduction of the D value) of spores of B. cereus, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus, B. sonorensis, B. subtilis were determined. The D100°C-values were ranged 1.09–9.55min whereas the z-values 6.45–8.50°C.

Slaughterhouse survey of culled female camels (Camelus dromedarius) in southeast Algeria: Fetal wastage and pregnancy characteristics

This study determined the prevalence of fetal wastage due to slaughter of pregnant camels, and the relationship between fetal wastage and factors such as breed, season, abattoir location, and age. Pregnancy characteristics of indigenous camels were also investigated. Reproductive tracts were collected from 912 female camels at two abattoirs in southeast Algeria over 2.5 years. Before slaughter, data regarding reasons for culling were obtained. Pregnancy was detected in 21.7% of camels and was higher (P<0.05) in the Tergui than Sahraoui breed. Fetal wastage was higher (P<0.05) in the dry than wet season. Fetal wastage in the first and second trimester (57.1% of total waste) was greater (P<0.05) than that in third and fourth trimester (42.9% of total). Right and left ovaries showed equal ovulatory activity. Mean diameter of the corpus luteum (CL) was higher (P < 0.05) in females with a single corpus luteum than in those with twin or triple CL. All but one camel carried the fetus in the left uterine horn. Embryo migration was observed in 50% of pregnant camels, and migration was from the right to left uterine horn in all cases. Prevalence of embryonic and fetal loss was 10.0% and was influenced by ovulation rate. The two most prevalent reasons for culling pregnant camels were old age (23.7%) and poor body condition (11.6%). These findings document the magnitude of fetal wastage which represents substantial economic loss to the camel industry. Livestock owners should receive education on reproductive management, including pregnancy testing, to minimize fetal wastage. (Resume d'auteur)

ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS IN NORTHERN OF ALGERIAN SAHARA

Ponte Academic JournalAug 2016, Volume 72, Issue 8 ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS IN NORTHERN OF ALGERIAN SAHARAAuthor(s): Bazzine Meriem ,Hacini MessaoudJ. Ponte - Aug 2016 - Volume 72 - Issue 8 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.37 Abstract:Aquatic ecosystems play an important role on the ecology of arid areas. Their study is necessary for any preservation project. The purpose of this paper is the ecological characterization of seven aquatic ecosystems in south east of Algeria by the determination of physical and chemical parameters of soil and water in addition flora in these environments. The results of water analysis show that studied sites are characterized by an alkaline pH and high salinity (around 213.3 dS/m), they are charged by soluble salts especially chlorides, sulfates and sodium. Studied ecosystems suffer from pollution which is the result of throwing polluted water and rubbish. Soils are wet; contain important percentage of fine sand, their pH is between 6.39 and 8.67. Salinity is very high, it exceeds 57 dS / m. soils are relatively rich in organic matter and gypsum. A systematic sampling of the flora has revealed 11 species belonging to 5 families. The most common plant life forms were Chamaephytes (45%) composed especially with Chenopodiaceae. Keywords: aquatic ecosystems, ecology, Northern Sahara, water, soil, vegetation. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Succession flora of abandoned agricultural fields: inventory and characteristics in south-east of Algeria.

Succession flora of abandoned agricultural fields: inventory and characteristics in south-east of Algeria.

MODELING OF GROUNDWATER FLOW OF THE MIO-PLIO-QUATERNARY AQUIFER IN THE VALLEY OF OUED RIGH (SOUTH-EAST OF ALGERIA).

Ponte Academic JournalOct 2016, Volume 72, Issue 10 MODELING OF GROUNDWATER FLOW OF THE MIO-PLIO-QUATERNARY AQUIFER IN THE VALLEY OF OUED RIGH (SOUTH-EAST OF ALGERIA).Author(s): Guettaia Sabrine ,Hacini Messaoud, Boudjema Abderrezak, Zahrouna AbderrezakJ. Ponte - Oct 2016 - Volume 72 - Issue 10 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.10.9 Abstract:In recent times, we have witnessed increasing pressures on water resources in the Algerian northern Sahara; these are mainly due to the combined effects of socio-economic development of the country, population growth, but also an unfavorable climate with significant erratic rainfall and considerable water deficit. Consequently, water needs are increasing; this resource has lately been dwindling and has become the subject of a competitive utilization between different users. The present study focused on the groundwater of Mio- Plio-Quaternary, in the valley of Oued Righ (Wadi Righ Valley). This region, in the low Algerian Sahara, extends from the South of the palm grove of El Goug to Chott Merouane, between the Wilayas (provinces) of El Oued and Ouargla. The aquifer of the Mio-Plio -Quaternary is an important resource for irrigation and drinking water in the valley. \r\n \r\n In order to study the relationship between the groundwater of the Mio-Plio-Quaternary and Chott Merouane, in Algeria, it seemed to us necessary to present scenarios, based on a mathematical model, using the code \"Visual Mod flow\". The calibration of the model, in steady state and then transient state, allowed checking the reliability of the results related to the geometry and the limits of the aquifer, as well as its hydrodynamic parameters. The exploitation scenarios indicate that the northern part, near Chott Merouane, has a fairly significant vulnerability. To prevent any contact between the groundwater of the Mio-Plio-Quaternary and the wastewater discharged into the Chott, drastic measures must be taken, hence the need for establishing a hydro-agricultural development plan and a wastewater management strategy.\r\n\r\nKEYWORDS: Algeria� Groundwater of Mio-Plio-Quaternary - Chott Merouane - Calibration - Relationship groundwater /Chott - Management. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Effect of Different Environmental Factors on Some Haematological and Biochemical Parameters and Selected Blood Minerals in Ouled Djellal Ewes

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the altitude on the concentrations of the various blood parameters considered as good biological markers of ewes. A total of 160 ewes having 3-5 years of age, multiparous, non-pregnant, non-lactating and reared in arid areas of South East Algeria were included. The plasma concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, total proteins, urea and creatinin were determined as well as minerals (Ca, P) and hematological parameters (haemoglobin, haematocrit). No significant variation (P>0.05) of hematological parameters and mineral levels was detected between the plain and tableland ewes. Same observation was found for biochemical parameters but between mountain and tableland ewes. While cholesterol, triglyceride, total proteins and urea levels were higher (P<0.01) at the altitude of 150m, hemoglobin, haematocrit and creatinin, were significantly lower (P<0.05) at the same altitude. The study found lowest glucose concentrations were detected at 600m. Moreover, the results of the study showed the highest calcium concentration was found at the altitude of 150 m and the lowest at the altitude of 1000 m (1.12±0.35 mmol/L vs. 0.52±0.03 mmol/ L). Phosphorus levels were higher at altitudes of 150 m than at the altitude of 600 m and 1000 m (0.93±0.42 mmol/ L vs. 0.68±0.54 mmol /L, 0.23±0.01mmol/ L). The highest haemoglobin concentration and value of haematocrit were detected in mountain ewes at the altitude of 1000 m (120.61 g/ L, 40%) and the lowest at the altitude of 150 m (73.2 g/ L, 31%) (P<0.001). We concluded that haematological and biochemical parameters in Ouled Djellel ewes reared in arid area may be impacted by altitude.

Draft Genome Sequence of Thermophilic Geobacillus sp. Strain Sah69, Isolated from Saharan Soil, Southeast Algeria.

Geobacillus spp. are potential sources of novel enzymes, such as those involved in the degradation of recalcitrant polymers. Here, we report a Geobacillus genome that may help reveal genomic differences between this strain and publicly available representatives of the same genus from diverse niches.

Microbiological Study of the Anaerobic Digestion of Sludge from the Purifying Plant Wastewater from the City of Touggourt, Southeast of Algeria

Exploration anddevelopment of newenergy sources havebeen undertakenincludingbiomassenergyspecificallybiogas. Thisform of renewableenergywidelyavailable, inexpensiveand non-pollutingisused to supplementthenon-renewablefossil fuels. Therecovery of organicwasteandsludgemainlyatreatment plantwastewaterforbiogas productioncouldbeseen asa cost, decentralized and ecologicalproblemsthroughtheenergeticautonomyandsustainable agricultural developmentrural areas.Very little work in Algeria and elsewhere have been done on the microbiology of the different stages of the digestive process.Our goal is to make a microbiological study of the anaerobic digestion of sludge from the purifying plant wastewater from the city of Touggourt which is south east of Algeria