Southwestern Region Of Nigeria Research Articles

Difficult but achievable: medical social workers’ experiences transiting older adults from hospital care to nursing home in Nigeria

ABSTRACT Very few literatures have focused on transition of older adults from hospitals to nursing homes in African region. As a first step, this study explored the experience of medical social worker when transiting older adult from the hospital to nursing home in southwestern region of Nigeria. A descriptive qualitative approach collected through a semi-structured interview among 16 medical social workers showed that there is limited availability of nursing home facilities in Nigeria. Additionally, bureaucratic and administrative hurdles often added to the complexities of facilitating seamless transitions into nursing care homes. Cultural beliefs and family dynamics exert a substantial influence on the decision-making process, making the task of medical social workers even more intricate. There is a need for a greater support from policymakers and healthcare authorities to address the challenges facing Nigerian medical social workers. Hence, to better understand and address these experiences, the healthcare system can better equip medical social workers to navigate the transitions effectively and ensure the well-being of older adults during this crucial phase of their lives is adequately supported.

The Prevalence and Post-Operative Complications of Uterine Leiomyomas in South-Western Nigeria and Northern Nigeria: A Comparative Review

Background: Uterine Leiomyoma are benign tumors which commonly affect women of reproductive age, however only a subset of women has their fibroids clinically detected, symptomatic or warrant surgical treatment. Its removal is associated with complications. To control the occurrence of this complication requires the understanding of the factors associated with the complications. Methods: The study was carried at two large tertiary hospitals in South-western and Northern region of Nigeria. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted among patients in these regions. Information such as sociodemographic characteristics was recorded in questionnaire including retrospective review of case records of all surgically managed cases of uterine leiomyoma (from one hundred and fifty-nine women) was obtained after formal consent from the hospital’s ethics committee. Results: In Both regions of Nigeria, the common presenting complaints from 36-40 years old patients were menstrual irregularities, Abdominal swelling, and infertility. The commonest anatomical position of the nodules were multiple positions and intramural. The majority (79.9%) of the women in South-Western Nigeria presented with multiple leiomyomas. While the majority (48.8%) of the women in Northern Nigeria presented multiple leiomyomas which accounted for almost half of the patients diagnosed in that region. In the South-western region of Nigeria, post-operative complications occurred in 20.9 % of cases with post-operative pyrexia (13.5%), blood loss warranting transfusion (12.8%) and post-operative anemia (10.4%) been the most common complications. While in the Northern region of Nigeria no complications were recorded. Conclusion: Uterine leiomyomas is common in Nigeria and usually presents with menorrhagia, pelvic pain, recurrent miscarriage, and infertility. The surgery may be complicated by post operative pyrexia, blood loss, wound infection and even death. Midline incision, closure of rectus sheet with chromic catgut and myomectomy were associated with postoperative complications in this review. To avoid postoperative morbidities associated with surgical management of fibroid, Pfannenstiel incision where feasible, use of non-absorbable or delayed absorbable sutures and hysterectomy in women who have completed family should be adopted in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. Whereas prevalence of uterine leiomyomas is generally prevalent in the Southwest, there are varying age prevalence’s in the North and Southwest.

Leveraging Academic Social Media to Improve Librarian Research Output in Scopus/Web of Science Indexed Outlets

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of academic social media utilization on the volume of research output by librarians working in the southwestern region of Nigeria. This investigation adopted a descriptive survey research design and a sample of 363 librarians employed in university libraries located in the southwestern region of Nigeria. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were utilized to analyze the data collected. The results of the study revealed a low level of research output by librarians in Scopus and Web of Science indexed publications. However, the study also demonstrated that librarians who utilized academic social media platforms such as Figshare, Orcid, and ResearchGate had a higher likelihood of having their research published in outlets indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. In conclusion, this study supports the argument that the utilization of academic social media can enhance the likelihood of publication in Scopus and Web of Science indexed outlets. Based on these findings, it is recommended that efforts be made to increase the utilization of academic social media platforms such as Orcid and ResearchGate among librarians in southwestern Nigeria.

Gamma spectroscopy study of soil-plant transfer factor characteristics of 40K, 232Th and 226Ra in some crops cultivated in southwestern region of Nigeria

Soil-plant transfer factor (TF) is one of the vital variables employed in assessing plants uptake of radionuclides and their transfer to food chain for predictive ingestion dose and risk evaluation. To further this goal, the TF characteristics of natural 40K, 232Th and 226Ra were thus investigated in some crops (yam, cassava, rice, maize, groundnut, cowpea, okra, pumpkin leaf, banana and pawpaw) cultivated in southwestern part of Nigeria using HPGe gamma spectroscopy. The obtained results of activity concentration (AC) of the radionuclides across all the cultivated soil samples indicated average values that are less than the global average, whereas in the crops, average values of 226Ra and 232Th, were higher than reference values for different crops group. The overall range of the calculated TF of 40K, 232Th and 226Ra across all the crops was 0.05 (in maize and cowpea) to 15.01 (in banana), 0.01 (in pumpkin leaf and groundnut) to 19.80 (in pawpaw), and 0.04 (in cassava) to 21.30 (in cowpea), respectively. Overall arithmetic mean and geometric mean were estimated as 2.66 and 1.60, 1.11 and 0.43, and 1.10 and 0.54 for 40K, 232Th and 226Ra, respectively. TFs mostly correlated negatively with soil radionuclides, while positive correlation was mostly noticeable in the case of crop. Log normal transform of the TFs data indicated a near normal distribution as against the calculated data. The derived results of this study is here presented as a baseline data suggested for possible radiological risk assessment of food chain of the local population.

Comparative Effect of Moonlighting on Job Commitment, Retention and Satisfaction Between Academic Staff and Medical Doctors in Nigeria

This study deals with the effect of moonlighting on job commitment, retention and satisfaction between academic staff and medical doctors of public institutions in Southwest Nigeria. Data were analysed through t-test, and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Evidence from MANOVA test indicates that moonlighting has a significant effect on the dependent variables of job commitment, retention and satisfaction respectively with comparative effect of 11% for academic staffs, 4% for medical doctors and 7% for the combined effect on academic staff and medical doctors respectively. Conclusions are drawn from the findings that moonlighting has a significant effect on job commitment, retention and satisfaction between academic staff and medical doctors of public institutions in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. The study recommends that Management of public institutions should develop HRM practices that can satisfying their employees with the aim of getting them more committed to their primary duties and assignments assigned to them.

Exploration of the diversity of multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Lagos, Nigeria using WGS: Distribution of lineages, drug resistance patterns and genetic mutations

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Tuberculosis (TB) is a major challenge to global TB control. Therefore, accurate tracing of in-country MDR-TB transmission are crucial for the development of optimal TB management strategies. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of MTBC in Nigeria. The lineage and drug-resistance patterns of the clinical MTBC isolates of TB patients in Southwestern region of Nigeria were determined using the WGS approach. The phenotypic DST of the isolates was determined for nine anti-TB drugs. The sequencing achieved average genome coverage of 65.99X. The most represented lineages were L4 (n = 52, 83%), L1 (n = 8, 12%), L2 (n = 2, 3%) and L5 (n = 1, 2%), suggesting a diversified MTB population. In term of detection of M/XDR-TB, while mutations in katG and rpoB genes are the strong predictors for the presence of M/XDR-TB, the current study also found the lack of good genetic markers for drug resistance amongst the MTBC in Nigeria which may pose greater problems on local tuberculosis management efforts. This high-resolution molecular epidemiological data provides valuable insights into the mechanistic for M/XDR TB in Lagos, Nigeria.

Hydro-Chemical Studies and Assessment of Trace Elements and Bacterial Contamination of Shallow Groundwater of Oyo Area, Southwestern Nigeria

Groundwater from shallow hand-dug wells is the only reliable source of water supply in the ancient town of Oyo in the southwestern region of Nigeria. The present work studied the water quality in twenty-five wells across this area by measuring the ancillary parameters, and analyzing the major and trace elements and taking the inventory of the wells as well as assessing the total coliform and Escherichia coliform in sampled water. The field measurement showed that the groundwater is slightly acidic with an average pH of 6.6 and fresh from the total dissolved solids values between 70 and 630 mg/L. From the average concentrations of major ions, the dominance order of the cations constituents in groundwater is in the order- Mg 2+ > Ca 2+ > K + > Na + and HCO - > CI - > NO 3 - > SO 4 2- for anions. The ranges of trace elements concentrations were; Iron II- 0.01 – 0.06; Chromium VI: 0 - 0.34; manganese 0 – 1.2 in mg/L, while Copper was between 0.38 – 32.7; Cadmium 0.03 – 1.87; lead 0.02 – 3.57; Zinc 0.01 – 7.79; and Arsenic 0.05 – 7.35 in µg/L. The total coliform count ranges from 6 – 1860 cfu/100 mL while Escherichia coliform (E. coli) units was between 2 and 1640 cfu/100 mL with frequency occurrence from nil in three wells representing 12% of the wells, 1 – 50 units (28%), 51 – 100 (20%), 101 – 500 (20%) and > 500 units (20%). The groundwater is grossly contaminated with nitrate and coliform bacteria while four wells were found to be contaminated with manganese and chromium. It is mandatory that the water be treated for metal and bacterial contaminations prior to consumption and public enlightenment on drinking water guidelines be in place. Keywords : Groundwater. Major ions. Trace elements. Coliform Bacteria. DOI: 10.7176/JEES/13-3-02 Publication date: April 30 th 2023

Moderating Role of Funding on the Management Control System and Performance of Public Universities

Purpose: The study examines the moderating effect of funding on the management control system and performance of south-western public universities in Nigeria.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: Research design for the study is cross- survey; this is the most appropriate research design, being a study on perception objectives in nature. The study was carried out in fourteen (14) public universities in the Southwestern region of Nigeria.
 Findings: funding activities does not significantly moderate the relationship between result control and performance of public universities (β = -0.042; t = 0.648; p > 0.259). However, a negative beta of 4.2% indicates every one increment in the present order of finance will lead to a reduction of 4% from the relationship between result control and performance of public universities in south west Nigeria.
 Implications/Originality/Value: The study discovered that present funding scheme moderates the relationship between action and cultural control and does not moderate the relationship between personnel and result control. The study therefore recommends that the government should ensure disbursement of sufficient funds to the university to attain the much need performance.

Àwa L’ókàn: When the blood of Jesus is not thick enough to bond his body

In this article is examined the now famous political slogan particularly in the South-Western region of Nigeria: àwa l’ókàn [it is our turn] as grounded on political injustice and not resonating with competence as claimed. This has become critical, because it has generated heated debate among Christians across denominational lines. I traced the popularity of the slogan to Bola Ahmed Tinubu, the presidential candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC) who claimed that, in the 2023 elections, the office of the president of Nigeria should be zoned to the South-Western geo-political zone, and then to him personally; hence Emi l’ókàn [it is my turn]. The theoretical argument in this article is that, although Christians are saved to live differently from the world, they still have critical roles to play in political affairs in ways that are consistent with their faith. The article used both primary and secondary sources that consist of books, articles, personal interviews and the social media. It discovered that the South-Western region has had at least a 15-year stint in the Nigerian presidency since 1999, the South-Southern region, eight years and the South-Eastern region, zero years. In addition, the article found out that the slogan, Emi l’ókàn, has resulted in theological disagreements which are not healthy for Christian unity and purpose in a multi-religious society such as Nigeria. It concluded that ‘àwa l’ókàn politics is based on ethnic solidarity rather than oneness in Christ. This position has implications for the Christian body, because preference for ethnicity over justice and fairness, which are Christian principles, challenges sound Christian theo-political theory.Contribution: This article is interdisciplinary in nature. It brings together theology, ethnicity and politics, and argues that these disciplines are dynamic. But in a situation in which conflict of interest arises, it is argued that Christian ethics should guide in taking a moral decision to abide by the principle of oneness in Christ (Eph 2:11–22).

SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE DEMAND FOR HERBAL MEDICINES IN SOUTH-WESTERN REGION OF NIGERIA

This study examined the socio economic impact of the demand for herbal medicines in SouthWestern region of Nigeria. Three states were randomly selected out of the six states in the SouthWest, Nigeria. These are Ekiti, Ondo, and Osun states. Two local governments were randomly selected from each state and three communities selected from each of the local governments. Convenience sampling method was used to arrive at our sample size of 1,224 with 204 respondents randomly selected from each local government area (LGA). Data gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistics while bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were carried out to establish the relationship between the semi-structured questionnaires with E-views 12 package. Key findings revealed that 815 respondents representing 74% agreed that doctors’ industrial action was one of the reasons for the demand for herbal medicine. The adjusted odd ratio (AOR) of 1.51* (8.25-11.43) at 95% confidence intervals from the logit regression revealed that doctors’ strike has a significant effect on demand for herbal medicine. The impact of cost on demand for herbal medicine was affirmed by 693 respondents and was statistically significant with AOR 2.38* (1.02- 5.59). Effectiveness/potency of herbal medicines was alluded to by 71% of the respondents having AOR 2.22*(6.07-9.72). It was also evidenced in the study that poverty is a determinant of demand for herbal medicine as only 28% of respondents whose income are above N50,000 demands herbal medicines and 63% of respondents affirmed that they could not afford the cost of orthodox healthcare with AOR 2.38* (1.02-5.59). Availability of herbal medicine has effect on increasing demand for it as 64% of the respondents confirmed availability and accessibility of it having AOR 1.00* (2.22-2.91). The study concluded that Socio-economic factors such as doctors’ strike actions, low education, low income, distance to health facilities and the attitude of health workers contribute to high demand for Herbal Medicine in the South-West States of Nigeria.

Locating Consolidation Centres For Aggregation of Subsistence Agricultural Products From The Southwestern Region of Nigeria

Locating Consolidation Centres For Aggregation of Subsistence Agricultural Products From The Southwestern Region of Nigeria

Àwa L’ókàn: When the blood of Jesus is not thick enough to bond his body

In this article is examined the now famous political slogan particularly in the South-Western region of Nigeria: àwa l’ókàn [it is our turn] as grounded on political injustice and not resonating with competence as claimed. This has become critical, because it has generated heated debate among Christians across denominational lines. I traced the popularity of the slogan to Bola Ahmed Tinubu, the presidential candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC) who claimed that, in the 2023 elections, the office of the president of Nigeria should be zoned to the South-Western geo-political zone, and then to him personally; hence Emi l’ókàn [it is my turn]. The theoretical argument in this article is that, although Christians are saved to live differently from the world, they still have critical roles to play in political affairs in ways that are consistent with their faith. The article used both primary and secondary sources that consist of books, articles, personal interviews and the social media. It discovered that the South-Western region has had at least a 15-year stint in the Nigerian presidency since 1999, the South-Southern region, eight years and the South-Eastern region, zero years. In addition, the article found out that the slogan, Emi l’ókàn , has resulted in theological disagreements which are not healthy for Christian unity and purpose in a multi-religious society such as Nigeria. It concluded that ‘àwa l’ókàn politics is based on ethnic solidarity rather than oneness in Christ. This position has implications for the Christian body, because preference for ethnicity over justice and fairness, which are Christian principles, challenges sound Christian theo-political theory. Contribution: This article is interdisciplinary in nature. It brings together theology, ethnicity and politics, and argues that these disciplines are dynamic. But in a situation in which conflict of interest arises, it is argued that Christian ethics should guide in taking a moral decision to abide by the principle of oneness in Christ (Eph 2:11–22).

Coverage and usage of insecticidal treated bed-nets for preventing malaria in four peri-urban communities of Ijebu-North, Southwest Nigeria

Sleeping under insecticidal treated bed-nets has been proven as an effective tool towards preventing mosquito bites and malaria but the burden of malaria cases seems to be on the increase. This study therefore assessed the limiting factors associated with ownership and usage of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) in four periurban communities in Ogun State, Nigeria. A total of 499 residents above age 15, were recruited and interviewed at the healthcare facilities in the selected communities using a well-structured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 version for descriptive and chisquare statistics, with significance set at 95%. Of the 499 residents, 72.1% (360/499) owned at least one LLIN, while only 56.7% (204/360) affirmed to sleeping under the bed net. Heat was a major reason for non-usage, 70/135 (51.9%) followed by harboring dust 40/135 (29.6%), skin irritation 16/135 (11.9%) and problem of hanging nets 2/135 (1.5%). There were significance differences between the challenges in the use of LLIN by the respondents and the peri-urban communities (p= 0.000). Majority of the respondents also reported LLIN abuse; 59/93 (63.4%) used them as window or door nets, 13/93 (13.9%) and 13/93 (13.9%) used them as fishing nets and as sieves and sponges respectively. Other uses included using it as a means of protection against rodents on the farm and as football goal nets. There was no significance difference between the abuse of LLINs by the respondents and the peri-urban communities (p= 0.209). The non-usage and abuse of LLIN will dampen the efforts targeted at controlling malaria in the southwestern region of Nigeria. It is therefore important that malaria control programmes incorporate health awareness campaigns targeted at promoting usage and disapproving the abuse of LLINs

Anatomical investigation on the craniofacial and ocular morphometrics of the male Western Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis)

The heron species, Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) can be found all over the world. In the South-Western region of Nigeria, they are colonial, white in colour, and are seen in open lands and around water bodies. Morphometric data are important parameter in the assessment of functional morphology, hence we here present for the first time, data on the craniofacial indices of cattle egret. The cranium, nasal, orbital and beak morphometric indices and correlation data of the cattle egret were investigated on the fresh specimen and macerated skull of the male cattle egrets, using the GraphPad Prism. The height of the cranium was 33.92±0.970 cm, while the cranium length and breadth were 52.92±1.800 and 34.48±1.714, respectively. The right eye socket length, 36.17±5.636 and breadth, 31.67±2.160 were slightly greater than the left eye socket length, 35.92±4.128 and breadth, 31.00±2.757. There was a strong positive correlation between the right eye socket breadth and the left eye socket breadth (r=0.940), and also, a very strong positive correlation was found between the right and the left eye socket length (r=0.981). Results showed the foramen magnum length and breadth to be 19.17±0.753 and 18.83±0.753, respectively, however, a low positive correlation was recorded between the foramen magnum length and breadth (r=0.059). A strong positive correlation was observed between the upper beak length and the lower beak length (r=0.901), while similar values were recorded for the nasal breadth and length, respectively. Data generated from this study will prove useful in comparative, regional and clinical anatomy and could also help in identifying archaeological remains of the cattle egrets.

RETHINKING CHARIS IN ENGLISH AND YORUBA BIBLE INTERPRETATIONS: FROM BIBLICAL EXEGESIS TO TRANSLATION ANALYSIS BY

The concept of biblical charis has been interpreted in most Christian congregational gatherings as gracefulness, kindness, favour, prosperity, freedom, liberality, lawlessness, pleasure and the like, with little or no interest for its implications for good works and moral values in the society. This paper, therefore, explores the translation of charis from Greek into English and Yoruba languages with a view to bringing to the fore its socio-religious implications via good works and moral values in the context of South-western region of Nigeria and beyond. The study purposely selected three pericopes that centred on a New Testament word charis translated into English as grace and Yoruba as Oore-ofe as stated in the Gospel according to John 1:14-18; Paul’s Epistles to the Ephesians 2:8-10 and to Titus 2:11-14 respectively. These selected passages from New Testament Greek version were analysed as translated into English by New International Version (henceforth, NIV) (1987) and Bibeli Yoruba Atoka (BYA) (1998) (that is Yoruba Reference Bible) respectively. It employed descriptive research method and subjected selected verses to exegetical and translation analysis with a view to suggesting novel interpretation of charis in Christian congregational teachings and meetings. Based on the exegetical inference, the work has suggested that Bible interpreters as well as Christian ministers should take advantage of the import of Charis to interpret the Word of God for the benefits of social values among their listeners. Bible interpreters should emphasise grace as imperative for good works in Christian congregational teachings and meetings to the advantage of global peace and enhancement of effective socio-religious relationships. The work has asserted that both translations of Charis in English and Yoruba versions have areas of convergences and divergences. The convergences are mostly on direct lexical equivalence, while the divergences are the results of differences in approaches that were employed by the translators. Keywords: Yoruba Bible Translation, Translation of Charis, Exegetical approach to translation, Grace implications

Pettitt and Bayesian Change Point Detcetions in The Price of Kerosene in The Southwestern Region of Nigeria

Kerosene is known to be one of the useful substances in crude oil. It is considered to be a useful household substance. It is a combustible hydrocarbon liquid widely used as fuel in industry and households. Over the years, it has been shown that there is an upward trend in the price of
 kerosene which has affected its use negatively. It would be of interest to investigate the change points in the price of kerosene in the six states of the southwestern region of Nigeria between 2015 and 2021. Mann Kendall trend test was used to determine the trends in the data. The Mann
 Kendall trend analysis showed a significant upward trend with their p-values less than 0.05 for all the States. Furthermore, Bayesian and Pettitt approaches were employed to detect change points in the price of Kerosene in the six states (Ekiti, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, and Oyo) of the
 southwestern region of Nigeria. The Pettitt method showed a single shift in each of the States while the Bayesian approach showed multiple shifts in each State. Both methods give the change point with dates while the Bayesian also provides the posterior means for the change points.

Profiling the Wellbeing of Residents in Peri-urban Villages and Rural Communities

Financial income and household status are common yardsticks for defining household living conditions and wellbeing. The study examined the livelihood conditions of selected peri-urban villages and rural communities in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. The triangulation of methods which included four hundred and seventy-two (472) household questionnaires survey provided a thematic understanding of the study area. This study termed many villages as “Few Excluded among the Commonly Excluded”. The study argues that rather than urbanisation positively improving households; financial situation within the peri-urban areas in the State; evidence from sampled communities reveals a negative income and poverty profile effect. Likewise, distance was a predictor of credit access among rural households. This study concludes that capital and income flight due to urban infrastructure demand is common among rural households.

Is the Global Pandemic Driving Me Crazy? The Relationship Between Personality Traits, Fear of Missing Out, and Social Media Fatigue During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria.

Individ uals’ psychological behaviors and fear of missing out are affected by the global pandemic. This study investigates how individual “Big Five” personality traits influence fear of missing out leading to social media fatigue, the impact of social media fatigue on social media fatigue behavior during the COVID-19 lockdown. As a result, this study proposes and develops a model using the structural equation modelling for data obtained from young adults in the South-Western region of Nigeria. Results show the impact of openness, conscientiousness, and extraversion emotional instability was positively significant towards fear of missing out over the use of social media during COVID-19, whereas the effect of agreeableness and emotional stability were insignificant towards fear of missing out over the use of social media during COVID-19. In addition, the impact of the fear of missing out on social media fatigue influences social media fatigue behavior. Theoretical and managerial implications for “Big Five” personality traits, fear of missing out, social media fatigue, and social media behaviors are provided.

The potential impact of increased urbanization on land surface temperature over South-West Nigeria

Due to the negative consequences of urban heat islands (UHI) on urban ecology, Identifying the regional variation of land surface temperature (LST) offers a clear picture of the UHI phenomena and will aid in the introduction of appropriate mitigation techniques to address the UHI's advancing impact. Delineating the impact of UHI on land cover changes and land surface temperature (LST) is of uttermost importance due to its dynamic nature. This study makes use of Landsat Images TM, ETM and OLI sensors over the southwestern region of Nigeria, consisting of Ekiti, Osun, Ondo, Oyo, Ogun and Lagos. A supervised classification was performed by creating a training sample from four classifications consisting of vegetation, built-up, water body, and bare surface. Our results during the observed period (1986, 2002, and 2007) shows that the distribution pattern has changed as a result of changing urban surface characteristics and the influence of anthropogenic activities. The result of the research revealed that Southwest Nigeria has gone through rapid urban expansion that is expected to continue in the future, 20% decline in vegetal coverage 15% increase in bare soil amounting to a total of 35% change caused by human activities during the investigation period. The result further reveals the existence of an inverse connection between LST and NDVI with correlation coefficients of −0.8738, −0.8594, and −0.8546 respectively, which suggests that the growth of vegetation in any geographical location reduces the intensity of the land surface temperature over the area, which might be used to minimize the impacts of Urban Heat Island. In addition, thermal and evapotranspiration capacity of water also contributed to the comparatively high temperature. Hence, to achieve the sustainable environment in this region, urban planning strategies that include embracing green initiatives such as planting of trees to improve urban forestry should be adopted.

Interconnectedness Between Culture and Nature: Ecopoetics in Niyi Osundare's The Eye of the Earth

In the spate of global warming that is causing toxic climate changes as a result of the industrial revolution and urbanization that have influenced man’s culture (lifestyle), many scholars and ecologists have invigorated the need to preserve nature via scientific books, journals/articles, movies, novels, etc. However owing to the widely believed complexities in poetry, many do not still realize that poets all over the world (and Nigeria to be specific) have also responded to ecological issues by using poetry to create ecological consciousness. It is on this basis that this paper explores the poetic opus of Niyi Osundare, The Eye of the Earth, as it regurgitates the ecopoetic principle of interconnectedness between man and nature. The study aims to add to the existing knowledge of literary discourses in general. The study adopts a qualitative methodology by collecting data from books, journals, articles in libraries, and cyberspace. The study finds that the collection largely amplifies the degradational state of the earth, precisely in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. It also discovers that the collection shows the interconnectedness between humanity as a microcosm and nature as a macrocosm.