Southwest Maluku Regency Research Articles

PERAN PENYULUH BAGI PETERNAK DALAM USAHA PETERNAKAN KERBAU DI KECAMATAN MOA KABUPATEN MALUKU BARAT DAYA

This study aims to examine the role of extension workers for breeders in buffalo farming in Moa District, Southwest Maluku Regency. The method used in this research is survey method, the sample is determined by purposive sampling., The form of qualitative descriptive analysis with the first stage is checking the data, in this activity it is carried out after conducting an interview (filling out a list of questions). Based on the results of the research, the performance of agricultural extension services at the Moa Subdistrict BPP in developing buffalo farming in the research village is running well but not yet optimal. This is because the quantity of extension workers is still small and the quality of the timeliness of extension workers in completing the work is not good because the amount of work to be done is not balanced with the quantity of extension workers. In addition, there is still a lack of infrastructure for extension workers such as the posluhdes (Village Extension Officer).

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN LETTI KABUPATEN MALUKU BARAT DAYA

This research was aimed at studying income level and feasibility of cattle farming in Letti District South West Maluku Regency. The research was conducted on April – May 2020 in three sample villages, namely Batumiau, Laitutun and Desa Tutuwaru. Survey method was applied to thirty cattle herders as respondents, who were chosen through a snow-ball method. Data were both qualitatively and quantitatively collected by applying direct observation and interview through a questionnaire. The results showed that average income of the cattle herders was IDR. 18.616.667 annually with R/C ratio 3.67. It was concluded that the beef cattle farm provided a profit of Rp. 13,552,275,-/ farmer/ year and it is feasible to continue to be developed.

SOSIALISASI DAN PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK KERBAU DI KABUPATEN MALUKU BARAT DAYA

The availability of feed in the livestock business is one of the determining factors for the success of feed because, with the presence of feed, farmers can design or measure the achievement of the livestock business targets carried out. Conducting socialization and training on processing cassava peel waste into animal feed can be a solution for buffalo farmers in Southwest Maluku Regency if they experience a shortage of feed availability, especially during the dry season. This socialization and training were carried out in Werwaru Village, Moa Island, Southwest Maluku Regency. Implementing socialization and training involves conducting lectures (exposure to the material), question and answer sessions, and training sessions on processing cassava peel waste. This activity was attended by 29 farmers, two village officials, 15 students, and four lecturers from the livestock study program so that the total participants who attended the PKM activity were 50 people. The socialization and training activities results showed that farmers in Werwaru village felt so helped by this training activity because it could increase their knowledge about the source of animal feed, while the processed cassava peel waste showed better results and could be used as a source of feed for livestock

REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF THE LAKOR GOAT IN LAKOR ISLAND, SOUTHWEST MALUKU REGENCY

This study aims to determine the reproductive potential of the lakor goat in Lakor Disctrict, Southwest Maluku Regency. This research was conducted from July to August 2020 in three sample villages, namely Letoda, Sera, and Yamluli Villages. The methoud used in this study was a survey of 30 respondents of Lakor goat breeders who were determined by the simple random sampling method (simple random). The data source used in this study is primary data. The data was collected by means of observation and direct interview using a questionnaire. The results showed that the reproductive potential of the Lakor goat in the three sample villages categorized as good according to the amount of litter obtained from the type of twin birth which is quite high and the ability to give birth.

Determination of Proximate Composition of Local Corn Cultivar from Kisar Island, Southwest Maluku Regency

As a staple food, which consumed by many peoples in almost all places world wide, corn (Zea mays L.) has become very important. As well as in Indonesia, especially in Kisar Island, Southwest Maluku regency, corn already be the one of the most important food crops. The purpose of this study was to determine proximate content of local corn kernels from Kisar Island Maluku. Proximate analysis included content of water, fat, protein, ash, crude fiber, total carbohydrate and total sugar. Data collected are presented in form of table and analyzed descriptively. The data obtained were compared to the Indonesian national standard (SNI) of proximate content for corn kernels as well as to other results that have been reported by several researchers. The results of seven local corn cultivars from Kisar Island were in accordance with SNI standards about content of ash (1.13-2.04%), protein (9.14-13.02%), crude fiber (2.17 - 2.72%), fat (3.47-5.10% ), total carbohydrate (69.7 % -75.74%), and total sugar (58.66% -68.7%). The novelty of this research is to reveal the proximate content of local corn kernels from Kisar Island. This research is expected to be useful as a source of information about the proximate content of local corn seeds, and for instance it can be considered in the utilization and development of local corn in Kisar Island.

Feeding System For Laying Hens In Patti Village, Moa Island, Southwest Maluku Regency

Poultry business has excellent market prospects, because it is supported by the characteristics of products received by the community, affordable prices with access that are easily obtained because it is already a public good. This commodity also plays a real role in food security both in the countryside and in urban areas. Nationally, the poultry industry is the main trigger for the development of business in the livestock subsector. In addition, the development of livestock business both small farms / people and livestock industry is caused by public awareness of the nutritional needs of animal origin. Therefore, it is necessary to develop both livestock businesses, both small businesses and livestock industries. The purpose and benefits of this field skill practice are to observe directly the types of feed given to laying hens, and add insight in preparation for the world of work. In addition, comparing the theory obtained with the conditions on the field. The time of Field Skills Practice activities starts from January to February 2021 at the laying hen farming business in Patti Village, Moa Island, Southwest Maluku Regency. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the FEEDING SYSTEM has not been categorized as good. This is because feeding does not take into account the needs of chicken / tail / day. Therefore, it can affect the level of egg productivity can decrease.

Identifying fish assemblages in tropical lagoon ecosystem: First record from Luang Island, South-west Maluku Indonesia

The aim of this study was to record demersal species from lagoon in Luang Island, a small and remote island in Maluku, Indonesia. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed with the assistance of the local fishers using 4 different methods of fishing: gillnets, spear guns, traps, and handlines. Fisher knowledge informed fish abundance and frequency of occurrence. A total of 348 individual fish distributed across 53 species were recorded from the catch of 4 gear types. Bray-Curtis similarity scores of fish assemblages at different habitats was ranged from 7.19% to 10.35%. The nMDS bi-plot visualized a distinct dimension with which to allocate 3 habitats separately from the sand-seagrass habitat. Significant similarity of species at 4 different habitats (ANOSIM R2 = 0.124, P = 0.002) suggested that the habitat parameter was not able to predict different communities of fish. This paper is the first contribution on the composition of lagoon ichthyofaunal in Southwest Maluku Regency. Wise attitude towards marine resource exploitation such as traditional conservation, less fishing pressure and marine culture will maintain the healthy ichthyofaunal assemblages in a tropical lagoon ecosystem.

Analisis Perilaku Usaha Peternak Kerbau di Pulau Moa Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya

This study aims to analyze the behavior of farmers in buffalo farming in Moa District, Southwest Maluku Regency. The survey was conducted in three sample villages, namely Tounwawan Village. Klis Village and Werwaru Village. The variable observed were the breeders age, education level occupation,family dependents,buffalo ownership and number of buffalo. The main variables are knowledge, Attitudes and actions towards buffalo farming. The results showed that the behavior of breeders based on the level of knowledge of farmers in the buffalo farming was in the agree (S) category, the proportion of which was 75.8%, meaning that the breeders had good knowledge in the buffalo livestock business, the attitude of the breeders was in the Strongly Agree (SS) category. with a proportion of 80.4%,it means that in running a buffalo catlle business,the breeders show a very good attitude, while the actions of the breeders are in the category of doing (M) the proportion is 53.33% meaning that the farming in his business implements variour technical measures in business management her.

Corn farming analysis in Babar Island, District of Babar Islands, Southwest Maluku Regency

Babar Island is corn production center in District of Babar Islands. Maize is the dominant food commodities and a major food source for the community. Corn is the dominant crop commodity in Barbar Island and become staple food for the community. The farming are traditional and subsystems to meet farmers household needs and the excess (if any) will be sold but in very limited quantities. However the sales purpose is not commercial but just to meet the households needs that can not be substituted by other goods and only by few farmers if necessary. The farming is carried out on slash and burn dry land by polyculture cropping pattern that is combination of annual and perrenial crops. This study aimed to examine the feasibility and profitability of corn farming in Barbar island, using survey methods with stratified random sampling technique. The results showed that the cost of corn production in Barbar Island, district of Barbar Islands, South West Maluku Regency is consisted of fixed cost and variable cost. The fixed cost components is including : equipment depreciation costs and land rent costs. The variable costs includes : inputs costs (seeds, fertilizers, chemical) and labor costs. Variable costs is the largest cost component for corn farming. Corn farming is profitable and viable, as indicated by the average income Rp.2.647.396 compared to the average cost incurred by farmers Rp.2.520.934 and BC ratio of 1.05. This means that the production costs of Rp.2.520.934 will generate benefit 1.05 times of the cost.

Socialitation and Simulation Game of the Volleyball Sand Sport in Babar Islands District of Southwest Maluku Regency

Since 1996 the volleyball sand sports have developed in Maluku province, and there has been vocation in PON as well as being one of the regular sport events of the province Maluku. But volleyball sand sport is known only to a view counties and cities in Maluku province. Such the cities of Southeast Maluku (Tual), the Regency of Tanimbar Island (Saumlaki), the Regency of Buru Island (Namlea), and Ambon City. But in Southwest Regency (Moa), the volleyball sand sports is now means to know until this day. Than Southwest Regency MOA has never include the sport branch in both the POPMAL administration and the state of the region. Event without it’s being recognized as a means of development for the regency of Southwest Maluku. Babar Islands is one of the sub district in Maluku Southwest, it is far from the capital of Southwest Regency (MOA) and Maluku Province. It is a analized factor in the development of the volleyball sand sport branch on Kalwedo Earth. Thus community service activities that embody the volleyball basic skills by college of the academy of arts and sciences, perform devotionals aimed at introducing a volleyball sand sport to the community and those responsible. The method uses for achieving goals in this community service is: 1) identification problem, 2) social approach, 3) planning, 4) administration management, 5) matrial preparation, 6) execution, 7) reporting. The results is: 1) participants of both the sons and doughters volleyball and the socialist-in volved volleyball. 2) participants understand the rules of volleyball sand game. 3) entry to the games own game. 4) the means and infrastructure of the game’s of the volleyball games. 5) the volleyball sand sport and infrastructure help during public service activities by lecture and collages of study programe physical education in Babar Islands

Isolation and Identification of Essential Oil Made From Kisar Sweet Orange Peels

Kisar sweet orange is an endemic fruit and primary commodity from Kisar Island, Southwest Maluku Regency - Maluku Province. Currently, Kisar sweet orangeswere only consumed as fresh fruit during this time, partially processed into juice and the peels were discarded as wastes. Kisar sweet orange peels can be processed into essential oil to increase their economic value. The essential oil made from orange peels is highly preferable, especially for the middle to upper-class consumers, for health and air-freshening purposes. This essential oil has a higher selling value. This research aims at isolating and identifying the chemical components and quality of essential oil made from Kisar sweet orange peels. This essential oil was isolated using a steam distillation method, and its chemical components were identified using GC-MS instruments.. The research results showed that the essential oil made from Kisar sweet orange peels dried with a cabinet dryer for two days utilizing the steam distillation method provides a yield of 0.53%, with its properties of specific gravity of 0.8457, refractive index of 1.4651 (20°C), acid number of 1.92, ester number of 8.05, and solubility in alcohol of 1:9. The main chemical component of the essential oil made from Kisar sweet orange peels detected by GC-MS is limonene (70.80%).

Small island women in the sustainability of household livelihoods: case study in Romang Island, Southwest Maluku Regency

Women play important role in fulfilling household needs. Apart from carrying out domestic activities, women are also active in public activities as an effort to maintain the sustainability of household livelihoods. This research is aimed to analyze the position of women in the sustainability of household livelihoods. Qualitative approach was used where data were collected with in-depth interview. Informants were selected using snowball method, and eight women were obtained. Result of research showed that women start to enter public world and seem capable to cope with public complexities. Public world is a place where work orientation is shifting from subsistence to commercial. Work commercialization requires women to do more varying activities including selling production outputs. Women must wander through villages or village markets in order to get a good sale. Although the activities are varying with livelihoods sources, but those represent the effort to maintain the sustainability of household livelihoods.

Polymorphism of Growth Hormone (GH) Gene in Lakor Goat from Lakor Island of Southwest Maluku Regency

Lakor goat survive in Lakor island in Southwest Maluku with high temperature and limited water. Growth trait in goat is interest to explore cause related with economic trait that encoded by growth hormone (GH) gene. The aim of this study was identify of polymorphism GH gene of Lakor goat in Lakor island. A total of 63 samples were collected from three locations (village) i.e Ketti Letpey (18), Werwawan-Yamluli (26), and Letoda (19). DNA was extracted from hair follicles. A 422 bp specific DNA fragment was successfully amplified and genotyped by PCR-RFLP method using HaeIII enzyme. Results showed that polymorphism was found with two variant of genotypes (AA and AB) and two alleles (A and B). AB genotype was dominant in all of populations (93.7%) with A and B alleles were 0.53 and 0.47, respectively. Heterozygosity observed and expected value reached 0.502 and 0.498, respectively while Polymorphic Information Content was in moderate values (0.374). All of populations were in disequilibrium genetic. It maybe caused limited buck and nonrandom mating in population that effect of low genetic variation. Inbreeding study are needed to explore it. The introgression of bucks from other families in several locations within Lakor island can be an alternative solution to increase the genetic diversity of the lakor goat population.

Village Grouping In Southwest Maluku District Based On Poverty Characteristics Using Self Organizing Maps (SOM) Methods

Poverty is one of the fundamental problems that has become the center of attention of the Maluku Provincial government, especially Southwest Maluku Regency. This study aims to provide information to the government about village grouping based on poverty characteristics in Southwest Maluku Regency using the Self Organizing Map network method. In this network, a layer containing neurons will arrange itself based on the input of a certain value in a group known as a cluster. In the grouping process, 3 results were obtained with the best grouping II results because they had the smallest standard deviation ratio value.

Analysis of Maternal Referral System in Wulur Public Health Center Working Area in Damer Sub-District of Southwest Maluku Regency (Qualitative Study)

Referral of pregnant women and high-risk neonatals is an important component of the maternal healthcare system. In order for the maternal referral system to run it is necessary to prepare a referral strategyin accordance with the prevailing health system with the condition of the local community. The purposeof this study is to analyze the picture of maternal referral system at the level of community analysis onmaternal mortality cases in Damer Sub-district. The type of research used in this study is qualitative researchwith phenomenological approaches. The informants in this study had 27 people consisting of 10 husbands/families of patients accompanying mothers who died in childbirth in 2017 – 2018, 6 village shamans orintegrated healthcare center cadres who know the chronological pregnancy and childbirth of the mother, 5village chiefs / village staff / village heads from the village where the patient lives and is in place during thelabor process until the death of the patient, 1 nurse in the village, 2 midwives of Wulur health center, 1 doctorof public health center, 1 head of Wulur public health center, 1 head of Damer Sub-district. The resultsshowed that at the level of analysis of high-risk pregnancy communities and health services by midwiveshave not woken up well. While the perception of complications in pregnancy is good enough. Culturalfactors, still high trust in the village shaman. Transportation costs, tools and communication processes. ToWulur public health center to further incentiize health promotion, especially related to high-risk pregnancyand to change the role of village shamans as labor helpers into preventive promotive personnel

Pengaruh Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi Dan Keahlian Pemakai Terhadap Kualitas Informasi Akuntansi (Studi Empiris Pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya)

Research conducted with the title the influence of the use of information technology and user expertise on the quality of Accounting Information in Southwest Maluku District Government, The population in this study is all regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) within the Government of Southwest Maluku Regency as many 37 OPD, while those used as information system operators (SIMDA) in each OPD as many 37 employees. The data collection technique used a questionnaire while the data analysis method used multiple regression analysisi techniques. Based on the results om empirical analysis, it is found that the use of information technology has a positive effect on the quality of accounting information. On the other hand, user expertise also has a positive effect on the quality of accounting information.

LIVELIHOOD STRATEGY AND ADAPTATION PATTERN TO RAINFALL ANOMALY IN TOMRA VILLAGE, LETI DISTRICT, SOUTHWEST MALUKU REGENCY

<p>The current researches about livelihood strategy in small island are not comprehensively revealing the impact of climate change, especially rainfall, on livelihood strategy of household. The objective of this research is to analyze livelihood strategy as the form of adaptation to rainfall anomaly in Tomra Village, Leti District, Southwest Maluku Regency. Village sample is purposively selected, which is specified on villages that conduct farming and fishery activities simultaneously. Household sample is also determined purposively, which is resulting in 25 fisher households. Data are analyzed with qualitative analysis technique to understand the adaptation pattern of fisher household to rainfall anomaly. Moreover, rainfall anomaly is measured with <em>Oceanic Nino Index</em> (ONI) that takes source from the measurement of <em>Sea Surface Temperature</em> (SST). Result of research indicates that rainfall anomaly has disturbed fishing activity as fisher’s livelihood work. This situation is dealt by household by utilizing various livelihood strategies, which among others are intensifying livestock breeding, entering non-farm jobs (working as livestock breeding laborer), and starting off-farm business (being fish trader). Livestock breeding and copra are done by 56 percents households, and this activity contributes for 65.5 percents to the revenue of households. The next household revenue is contributed by coconut commodity (copra), crop (corn), jobs as fisher laborer, livestock breeding laborer, and fish trader.</p>

Women and Onion Farming in Lakor Island, Southwest Maluku Regency

Up to this day, research on women-related topics has not completely revealed the independent contribution of women towards household income. This research’s aim was to analyze the existence of women’ contributions to their household income through onion farming on Lakor Island. The research data was chosen deliberately of 30 women who did onion farming in Werwawan Village, Lakor Island. The data collection was done by intense interview techniques and data confirmation to the related parties such as instructors and sellers. The data obtained through direct involvement of researchers using a list of questions, as well as direct observation to the women's activities in onion farming as a reflection of a qualitative approach. The results showed that most of the women engaged in onions farming independently, by utilizing home yards until open a land with an area of 1-2 hectares. The onion farming activities, contributed around Rp. 1,500,000 - 2,500,000 per planting season without assistance from men (husband). The contribution of women to household income reaches 60-80 percent. Therefore, women play an important role in improving the household economy through their contribution to household income.

Nweleya dan nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya

Nweleya or Weleya is a typical tradition of the people on Masela Island, Southwest Maluku Regency. It was marked by sharing food in one dish between the brothers in a traditional house. Eating together on one plate between friends, especially those who are bound by the Klaktuty tradition or the tradition of entrusting children to be breastfed by other mothers who are breastfeeding. However, due to the intrusion of building this tradition, it began to disappear from the community. Therefore the purpose of this study is as a basis for cultural exploration on Masela Island. This study uses a phenomenological approach with participant observation techniques. The results of the field study show that philosophically, this tradition has a very high value and shows the first value, togetherness, kinship, and inner bond as one brother's unit. Second, it has the same taste and taste, continuity in love, and pleasure. Third, it builds mutual respect for life, care, and sharing of resources. Finally, it produces patience and self-control of people on the island of Masela. Unfortunately, along with the development of modernization, traditional houses have been replaced with permanent and semi-permanent houses with new models that are different from traditional houses. This change had a serious impact on the erosion of the Nweleya tradition. Therefore, the tradition of eating dishes is rare and difficult to find in the villages of Masela Island. DOI: 10.17977/um022v5i12020p010

Genetic characterization and phylogenetic study of Lakor goat from Southwest Maluku Regency based on mitochondrial COI gene.

Aim:This study is aimed at characterizing the genetic and phylogenetic structure of Lakor goats as indigenous livestock from the Southwest Maluku Regency based on mitochondrial COI gene sequences.Materials and Methods:The genomes of 103 follicle samples from Lakor goats, collected from Lakor Island, were analyzed. The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify 1548 bp of the mitochondrial COI gene using two primer pairs (COIA and COIB). Following sequencing, genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship were established using MEGA version X software.Results:The results of multiple COI gene alignment of the total sequences identified four polymorphic nucleotides that function as genetic markers between individual animals within the Lakor goat population. These correspond to positions 228 (A-G), 519 (G-A), 900 (C-T), and 1266 (T-C). Phylogenetic signals based on the COI gene showed that Lakor goat breed is a monophyletic group or single clade with a bootstrap value of 100% by the neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) evolutionary models. This data indicated that evolutionarily, the Lakor goat breed has a very close kinship with three goat breeds from China: The Meigu goat (KM 244714.1), Chinese Tibet (Capra hircus) (KJ 940969.1), and C. hircus (KP 677510.1). Phylogenetic information based on the cladistics system classified the Lakor goat as a single clade (monophyletic group). The low-genetic diversity within populations indicates that there has been an inbreeding depression occurring at a very high frequency.Conclusion:We conclude that the Lakor goat may be divided into a single clade or monophyletic group based on the COI gene sequence. Four nucleotides were identified that can be used as genetic markers among individual animals within the Lakor goat population, as well as C. hircus and others as derived from GenBank data. The Lakor goat population has a high level of inbreeding depression as a result of geographical isolation, which supports the formation of a monophyletic group with different genetic characteristics, and does not allow the introduction of males from other breeds. Phylogenetic signals indicated that Capra aegagrus (bezoar) is the ancestor of the native goats in Indonesia, including the Lakor goats.