South Railway Station Research Articles

Age-Friendly Environment Design of High-Speed Railway Stations from a Healthy Ageing Perspective: A Case Implementation in Nanjing, China

China stands out as one of the countries with the largest and fastest-growing elderly populations. Elderly requirements for the quality of high-speed railway stations environment are increasing. The relationship between the built environment of high-speed railway stations and elderly health has become an urgent problem to be solved. The challenge necessitates a systematic approach to age-friendly design. Based on the practical experience of the authors in an age-friendly design of an indoor environment at Nanjing South Railway Station, questionnaire surveys and user interviews were employed to profile four types of typical elderly passengers. Data collection methods were used to create behavior maps. (1) This study identifies the age-friendly needs of elderly passengers, pinpointing the key environment issues. (2) It proposes age-friendly design strategies for various functional areas of Nanjing South Railway Station. (3) It introduces an age-friendly module combination design system, which including basic type I, enhanced type II, and optimized type III, in order to meet the demands for six levels of high-speed railway stations in China. This study promotes the age-friendly transformation of environments at a high-speed railway station, offering theoretical foundations and methodological references for constructing an age-friendly environment from a healthy ageing perspective.

The Optimization of Urban Traffic Routes Using an Enhanced Genetic Algorithm: A Case Study of Beijing South Railway Station

Optimizing travel routes in urban transportation networks is essential for enhancing traffic efficiency in major cities. This study focuses on optimizing the combined subway and taxi travel routes from Beijing Union University to Beijing South Railway Station, a critical route for students and staff in Beijing. To address this, we propose three genetic algorithms: the Standard Genetic Algorithm (SGA), the Multipoint Crossover and Elitist Selection Genetic Algorithm (MPEGA), and the Improved Dynamic Crossover and Mutation Rate Genetic Algorithm (IDCMGA). Experimental results indicate that MPEGA reduces the mean travel cost by 15.21%, the variance by 81.72%, and the standard deviation by 57.25% compared to SGA. Additionally, IDCMGA reduces the average by 1.76%, the variance by 63.16%, and the standard deviation by 39.30% compared to MPEGA. The improved IDCMGA algorithm demonstrates significant advantages over the other two algorithms in terms of global optimization capability, convergence speed, and stability, and is more adept at adapting to new traffic conditions to identify the optimal route. Optimizing this route not only reduces commuting time and costs but also alleviates traffic congestion, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of the urban transportation system.

Characterising travel behaviour patterns of transport hub station area users using mobile phone data

Understanding the travel behaviour of transport hub users is vital for improving transport services. Although previous research has explored passenger behaviour in and around transport hubs, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on travel patterns within hub station areas. To this end, this study harnessed mobile phone data to analyse the travel behaviour within a hub station area, using Beijing South Railway Station as a representative case. A series of recognition criteria was set up based on spatio-temporal information to categorize users within the station area. We categorised station area users into transport hub users (THU) and non-transport-hub users (NTHU) and examined their distinct travel patterns. The results reveal distinct travel patterns for THU and NTHU. NTHU are predominantly concentrated in and around the station area. THU, however, display longer trip distances and more widely distributed endpoints. In terms of travel time distribution, NTHU show evident morning and evening peak phenomena, while the travel time distribution of THU fluctuates throughout the day. The study also employed association rule analysis to illustrate strong connections between the station area, Beijing's core, central areas, and even urban fringe areas. The results reveal that the station area is most closely connected to the core and central areas of Beijing, from where many users are attracted to the station area. In addition, some urban fringe areas also have strong connections with the station area. These findings inform urban transport planning and personalised travel services.

A simplified algorithm for predicting creep settlement of high fills based on modified power law model

The calculation and prediction of creep settlement is an important basis for judging whether the settlement of high fills is stable and arranging subsequent construction. In this study, a modified power law model is established based on Hypothesis B and Bjerrum's classification of creep deformation. The modified model can uniformly describe the one-dimensional creep deformation of clay, sand and soil-rock mixture, and satisfies the requirement that the one-dimensional creep deformation tends to a constant value over time rather than increasing indefinitely. Then a simplified algorithm for predicting creep settlement is proposed based on the modified model. The simplified algorithm has only three parameters with explicit physical meaning, which are determined by settlement monitoring data. By the settlement monitoring data from high fills at Chengde Airport, Chengchi Expressway and Panzhihua South Railway Station, the fitting and predicted results of the simplified algorithm were compared with other three prediction algorithms commonly used in geotechnical engineering. The results show that the proposed simplified algorithm can predict the creep settlement of high fills more effectively and accurately.

Optimizing first-mile ridesharing services to intercity transit hubs

Travel to intercity transportation hubs, such as railway stations and airports, can be the most troublesome and inefficient part of the entire air/railway travel journey, as travelers often carry large luggage and have stringent arrival time requirements. Taking public transportation, such as metro and bus services, is inconvenient to carry luggage and less reliable in arrival time while taking taxi services could be less economical. As a result, providing reliable and convenient yet economical on-demand first-mile services for travelers to intercity transportation hubs is essential. This paper proposes a ridesharing approach for the first-mile transport system for travelers heading towards the intercity transportation hub and develops a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model with the objective of minimizing the total operating costs for ridesharing service operators. The MILP model considers (1) large luggage that may occupy seats when the car trunk is not large enough to place them; (2) passengers’ requirements on arrival time and ride time; and (3) travel time uncertainty ensuring that riders’ arrival time and ride time can be satisfied. A tailored adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm with an acceleration strategy is developed for obtaining robust near-optimal solutions within a reasonable time. To assess the solution quality, the MILP model is reformulated as a set-partitioning model, and the column generation algorithm is leveraged to determine a tight lower bound; a greedy algorithm is introduced to obtain an upper bound. Computational experiments on Shanghai South Railway Station demonstrate that ridesharing is an effective strategy for reducing overall travel costs while meeting the first-mile travel demand. In addition, it is essential to consider luggage and travel time uncertainty for determining ridesharing schemes.

The Dynamic Programming Model for Calculating the Maximum Number of Gathering Passengers in High-Speed Railway Station Based on Gaussian distribution

in this paper, based on the actual train operation plan and evacuation plan of the high-speed railway station, taking the train capacity and occupancy rate as the basic data, the Gaussian function is used to describe the passenger arrival law and the uniform distribution is used to describe the passenger evacuation law. Also, the calculation model of the number of gathering passengers at the high-speed railway station is established by MATLAB. Taking Guangzhou South Railway Station as an actual case, the maximum number of gathering passengers in the whole day and the change curve of the number of gathering passengers with time are obtained. The calculation results are consistent with the actual situation, which can provide a reference for the passenger flow organization and management of the high-speed railway station and the new construction and reconstruction of the high-speed railway station.

Strategic Thinking and Countermeasures of Anhui's Urban Economic Development under the High-Speed Rail Economy

At present, the total mileage of Anhui's high-speed rail ranks first in China. The high-speed rail has brought a new development path to Anhui's economy, but it is also accompanied by challenges. Hefei City, located in the center of Anhui, has the largest high-speed rail station in Anhui - Hefei South Railway Station. In the future, it will also form a super "clock-shaped" high-speed rail radiation network pattern in 13 directions. Based on the data of Anhui's urban economic development, this project adopts the methods of comparative analysis and literature research, and uses dynamic comparison, content analysis, and bibliometric methods to obtain the process and law of economic development in Hefei, Anhui under the influence of high-speed rail economy, and the impact on Hefei's economic development. The current situation and direction are analyzed and summarized, and on this basis, the path and countermeasures for further reasonable development of Hefei in the era of high-speed rail economy are proposed.

Comprehensive Resilience Assessment of Complex Urban Public Spaces: A Perspective of Promoting Sustainability

Complex urban systems, such as multi-floor rail transit stations and integrated railway transport hubs, are termed “complex urban public spaces” (CUPSs). These CUPSs facilitate people’s lives, but, at the same time, are threatened by various risks due to their multi-floor structure, dense crowds, high correlation in multi-function, complex facilities, and space openness. The risk events of CUPSs could have a negative influence on public safety and further influence sustainable development. Increasing the resilience of CUPSs is an effective way to respond to risks and guarantee public safety. Therefore, it is necessary to first assess the resilience of CUPSs. In this paper, a six-level comprehensive resilience indicator system was established based on aspects of the essence of resilience. Used in combination with the methods of resilience impact score and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process, the resilience value could be calculated. The Shenzhen North Railway Station (SZ) and the Guangzhou South Railway Station (GZ) were used to validate the proposed methodology. The established resilience indicator system was shown to be comprehensive and innovative, and, regarding practicality, the proposed assessment methodology is convenient to use. This research can help policymakers to assess the resilience of CUPSs and develop relevant policies to improve the resilience of buildings, which can further enhance urban sustainability.

Optimal Design of Subway Train Cross-Line Operation Scheme Based on Passenger Smart Card Data

The network operation of the subway can reduce the number of passenger transfers and improve subway operation efficiency. Based on the subway smart card data, this paper proposes an optimal design method for the cross-line operation scheme of subway trains. The method firstly calculates the OD matrix between subway stations, the passenger section flow, and the transfer flow according to the passenger smart card data. It then optimizes the design of the subway train cross-line operation plan, including determining the routing type of cross-line operation and the number of trains running. Finally, for the lines with cross-line operation conditions in the urban subway system, we design the cross-line operation schemes under all possible combinations. According to the volume of the cross-line passenger flow that the cross-line trains can carry, the top-ranked operation plans are preferably recommended. Taking the Chengdu subway network as an example, the research results show that, in the Chengdu subway network, the North Railway Station, Xibo City Station, and South Railway Station bear the highest transfer demand. The transfer demands that can be undertaken by cross-line trains are 23,934, 16,710, and 13,024 trips per hour, respectively. This shows that the proposed design method can accurately and reasonably screen out the transfer stations and lines with an urgent need for cross-line trains.

Research on temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of passenger flow of Daxing airport line based on automatic fare collection data

AbstractThe airport line plays an important role in the airport landside traffic connection, which greatly relieves the urban road pressure. Studying the characteristics and laws of the time and space distribution of the airport line passenger flow will provide basic support for the airport line's capacity configuration, passenger flow control, and air‐track coordinated operation, and will also provide quantitative basis for the layout of urban terminal buildings. This paper proposes a method to analyse the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of airport line passenger flow based on AFC card swiping data. By mining and extracting the travel behaviour data of subway airport line air passengers, the distribution characteristics of airport line passenger flow are analysed and visualized from two aspects of passenger travel time and space. Finally, a case study is carried out based on the actual data of Daxing airport express. The results show that: (1) the travel time of departure and return passengers is concentrated in 60–90 min; (2) The departure and arrival points of passengers are concentrated within the Fourth Ring Road, and a large number of air passenger flows are gathered and evacuated at hubs such as Beijing South Railway Station and Beijing West Railway Station.

Image-oriented design control in China: a case study from Nanjing

This paper investigates urban image-making through the lens of different sets of design control tools and mechanisms in use in the Chinese planning system before 2019. It takes the South Railway Station area of Nanjing, part of a planned new town, as the case study and examines the design and planning of the overall area, a sub-area and two selected building sites. The research offers an understanding of the performative role of urban planning in place promotion with its distinctive Chinese characteristics, which are related to the planning culture and socio-political context of China. The paper identifies a few problems resulting from an image-oriented approach to planning in the case studies. Firstly, planning strategies have stressed grandness as opposed to the human scale and wide spatial qualities. Secondly, the approach has emphasised marketability of urban images rather than the representation of socio-cultural values. The study suggests that place identity catering for the interests of ordinary citizens should be foregrounded in design control in new town development in China.

Research on a Prediction Method for Passenger Waiting-Area Demand in High-Speed Railway Stations

The rapid development of intelligent transportation systems and high-speed railways has shortened the waiting time of passengers and the demand for waiting areas. Large-scale stations not only increase the difficulty for passengers when traveling but also waste a great deal of land resources and construction funds. Therefore, this research analyzes passenger waiting area demand according to the characteristics of urban development, passenger travel characteristics and station departure passenger flow. This paper establishes a prediction model for the number of passengers spending time in the waiting room, taking into account passenger traffic and train departure timetables. We used Beijing South Railway Station, Xi’an North Railway Station, Hefei South Railway Station and Zhoukou East Railway Station as examples to predict the numbers of passengers spending time in waiting rooms of different types and scales of station. Research results show that shortening the length of passengers’ early arrival times can effectively reduce the number of passengers gathered in medium-sized stations, which are located in new first-tier cities. Under the influence of the urban traffic environment and passenger flow, the uncertainties regarding travel time and passenger flow in first-tier cities are lower than those in new first-tier cities and higher than those in third-tier and fourth-tier cities. Therefore, the waiting area demand of passengers departing from medium-sized stations in new first-tier cities is lower than that of passengers from large stations in first-tier cities, and higher than that of passengers from small stations in third-tier and fourth-tier cities.

Risk Assessment and Prediction of COVID-19 Based on Epidemiological Data From Spatiotemporal Geography

COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease and public health hazard that has been wreaking havoc around the world; thus, assessing and simulating the risk of the current pandemic is crucial to its management and prevention. The severe situation of COVID-19 around the world cannot be ignored, and there are signs of a second outbreak; therefore, the accurate assessment and prediction of COVID-19 risks, as well as the prevention and control of COVID-19, will remain the top priority of major public health agencies for the foreseeable future. In this study, the risk of the epidemic in Guangzhou was first assessed through logistic regression (LR) on the basis of Tencent-migration data and urban point of interest (POI) data, and then the regional distribution of high- and low-risk epidemic outbreaks in Guangzhou in February 2021 was predicted. The main factors affecting the distribution of the epidemic were also analyzed by using geographical detectors. The results show that the number of cases mainly exhibited a declining and then increasing trend in 2020, and the high-risk areas were concentrated in areas with resident populations and floating populations. In addition, in February 2021, the “Spring Festival travel rush” in China was predicted to be the peak period of population movement. The epidemic risk value was also predicted to reach its highest level at external transportation stations, such as Baiyun Airport and Guangzhou South Railway Station. The accuracy verification showed that the prediction accuracy exceeded 99%. Finally, the interaction between the resident population and floating population could explain the risk of COVID-19 to the highest degree, which indicates that the effective control of population agglomeration and interaction is conducive to the prevention and control of COVID-19. This study identifies and predicts high-risk areas of the epidemic, which has important practical value for urban public health prevention and control and containment of the second outbreak of COVID-19.

Assessing the Relationship between Access Travel Time Estimation and the Accessibility to High Speed Railway Station by Different Travel Modes

This paper aims to fill the research gap of the relationship between the access travel time (ATT) estimation and the accessibility to high speed railway (HSR) station. A regression analysis was developed on the basis of risk-return model to analyze the access travel time estimation error (ATTEE). The data sources were 1595 valid interview survey data at Beijing South Railway Station (BSRS), China in October 2016. The factors and scenarios included travel mode, departure time, and travel date, etc. The coefficients of ATT estimation were obtained by different travel modes. The results showed that the expected access travel time (EATT) has positive linear correlation with the actual access travel time (AATT). Accessibility was calculated by the ratio of AATT to EATT. The accessibility coefficients ranged from 0.89 to 1.38 in different travel modes, departure time, and travel dates. A smaller coefficient indicates better travel time reliability and accessibility. This study not only provides a useful tool to estimate the travel time budget required for access to HSR station, but also establishes a connection with the accessibility and ATTEE. It offers an opportunity to estimate ATT to HSR stations by different modes of transport, which can help to better understand how the accessibility of the feeder transport changes at different time periods.

A Comparison of Various Bottom-Up Urban Energy Simulation Methods Using a Case Study in Hangzhou, China

Urban energy simulation can provide valuable information to urban planning, urban energy management, and urban emission reduction. Therefore, urban energy simulation has become an active research discipline. Various urban energy simulation methods and techniques have been developed and applied to cities on different scales. A review is conducted to categorize these methods and techniques and to analyze their pros and cons. Several representative methods and techniques are compared for their data inputs, suitable scales, accuracy, and computing speeds. Hangzhou South Railway Station area, which contains 522 buildings, is used as the case to evaluate the effectiveness and challenges of different urban energy simulation methods.

Urban road traffic condition forecasting based on sparse ride‐hailing service data

Traffic flows of the urban transport system are randomly influenced by many internal/external factors, which bring in a huge challenge to accurately forecasting road conditions. This study combines the CANDECOMP/PARAFAC weighted optimisation and diffusion convolution gated recurrent unit (DCGRU) models to conduct the traffic condition forecasting based on the sparse ride-hailing service data. A data completion method based on the tensor decomposition is modified by adding factor tensor in the regular terms, which contains the characteristics of weekday, time period, road segment. Subsequently, the DCGRU model of multiclass predicting is adopted in the data set to predict the traffic conditions. A numerical experiment is conducted based on the one-month ride-hailing service data, collected around the Nanjing South railway station. The predicting results indicate that the method in this study outperforms other traditional models in different tested traffic conditions.

Achieving higher taxi outflows from a drop-off lane: A simulation-based study

Lanes used by taxis and other shared-ride vehicles at airports and rail terminals are often congested. The present paper examines congestion-mitigating strategies for a special type of lane inside of which taxis are prohibited from overtaking each other while dropping-off patrons. Taxis must therefore often wait in first-in-first-out (FIFO) queues that form in the lane during busy periods. Patrons may be discharged from taxis upon reaching a desired area near the terminal entrance. When wait times grow long, however, some taxis discharge their patrons in advance of that desired area.The Nanjing South Railway Station in China is selected as a case study. Its FIFO drop-off lane is presently managed by police officers who allow taxis to enter the lane in batched fashion. Inefficiencies are observed because curb space near the upstream and downstream ends of the lane often goes unused.A microscopic simulation model is developed in-house, and is painstakingly calibrated to data measured in the study site’s FIFO lane. Simulation experiments indicate that rescinding the lane’s present batching strategy can increase taxi outflow by more than 25%. Further experiments show that even greater gains can be achieved by requiring taxis to discharge patrons when forced by downstream queues to stop a prescribed distance in advance of a desired drop-off area. Further gains were predicted by requiring the lead taxi in each batch to discharge its patron(s) only after travelling a prescribed distance beyond a desired location. The above findings are confirmed for scenarios calibrated with field data collected on two different days, and for hypothetical scenarios with varying input parameters. Roles that technology can play in implementing these new lane-management strategies are discussed. So are their practical implications in light of the present boom in shared-ride services.

The large space Investigation and Analysis of railway station in winter: Taking Zhengzhou east and Changsha south railway stations as cases

As the landmark building of the city, railway station has the characteristics of large space, dense crowd and comfortable characteristics, while the waiting hall is an important space form in railway passenger station, and its thermal environment directly influences the human’s sensory experience. Taking Zhengzhou east station, Changsha south railway station as an example, through field testing and investigation in winter, to get the test parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and combining the investigation and study the thermal environment and comfortable condition, and discusses the possible problems.

POS Materials as an Instrument for Forming Visions of Kharkiv in the Second Half of the 20th – the Early 21st Century

The article is devoted to the analysis of POS materials as a tool for shaping the visions of Kharkiv in the second half of the 20th – the early 21st century. The primary sources are Soviet and modern envelopes, stamps and coins dedicated to Kharkiv. It was found that in the Soviet times, several key images of the city were shown by means of the visual culture: industrial and theatrical images of Kharkiv together with Kharkiv as a university city. Such architectural structures and monuments as the main building of O. M. Horkiy Kharkiv State University, T. G. Shevchenko monument, the South Railway Station and the Railway Station, etc. tended to appear on the soviet envelopes, stamps and coins. At the present stage the images of the city are being transformed in some ways on the envelopes, stamps and coins, in contrast to the Soviet visions which remained unchanged for decades. Above all, Kharkiv is losing its image of a large industrial city due to the economic crisis which has caused a significant decline in the capacity of the plants in the city. Today, the dominating images on the envelopes, stamps and coins give us an idea of Kharkiv as one of the largest educational and tourist centers in Eastern Ukraine. Especially, one of the main business cards of Kharkiv on coins, envelopes and stamps are Assumption, Annunciation, Intercession Cathedrals, Derzhprom (the House of State Industry), the fountain «Mirror Stream». An analysis that was aimed to measure the dynamic of the appearance of the envelopes, stamps and coins dedicated to Kharkiv self-presentation showed that the increase in the image numbers is associated with the anniversary celebrations. During the Soviet period, in particular, 1954, which was the year of the 300th anniversary of Kharkiv, became such a date. At the present stage, the sharp increase in the appearance of coins, stamps and envelopes happened in 2004 as it was the celebration of the 200th anniversary of Kharkiv National University and the 350th anniversary of Kharkiv.

KARST CHARACTERISTICS AND GOVERNANCE MEASURES IN KUNMING METRO LINE 4

The geological conditions of Dianchi Basin are complex, and soluble rocks are distributed in many parts of the basin and the edge of the basin. The Karst problem is prominent and has a great influence on metro. The investigation of Karst in metro needs to be carried out through multiple stages using comprehensive survey technology to find out its characteristics, properties and hazards. After investigation and analysis, the Karst weak development of the Dahegeng Station of Kunming metro Line 4~Datangzi Station Section, Chenggong East Station(including)~Kunming South Railway Station Section, Liandajie Station~Chenggong East Station Section, Bailongtan parking lot and the Karst middle development of the entrance and exit section line, The Karst section of Jindingshan Station~Xiaocaiyuan Station developed strongly. Line 4 is covered Karst. Karst mainly develops in the 15m range below the base rock surface, and is dominated by filled caves with a height of 0.5~3.0m. The average hole rate of boreholes is 21%, and the average line Karst rate is 3.29%.The Karst area is divided into stable area, sub-unstable area and unstable area. Karst management should adopt corresponding treatment principles and engineering measures for different engineering types and Karst characteristics. Karst treatment generally adopts grouting reinforcement measures. For Karst with a small buried depth, excavation to expose backfill grouting can be used for reinforcement treatment. The pile foundation needs to pass through the Karst and be placed in the lower stable strata. This paper has some guidance for the Karst survey and treatment of metro in Kunming.