South Lancashire Research Articles

The South Lancashire Project

The South Lancashire Project

Notes on the South Lancashire Dialect

Journal Article Notes on the South Lancashire Dialect Get access Notes and Queries, Volume s3-VII, Issue 170, 1 April 1865, Page 272, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s3-VII.170.272-g Published: 01 April 1965

Travis's Flora of South Lancashire

Travis's Flora of South Lancashire

Tonstein Band in the South Lancashire Coalfield

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Some Ecological Aspects of Colliery Waste Heaps Around Wigan, South Lancashire

Some Ecological Aspects of Colliery Waste Heaps Around Wigan, South Lancashire

Hillhouse coastal deposits in South Lancashire

AbstractRecent borings have provided considerable additional information in connection with the post‐glacial evolution of south‐west Lancashire. The position of the Hillhouse coastline in the area between Hundred End and Holmeswood (previously surmised) has now been determined, and the estuary of the extended river Yarrow confirmed. The boundary between Shirdley Hill Sand and Down‐holland Silt beach deposits is more exactly known than heretofore, and the positions of overlap of these deposits are studied. The overlying peat is divided into different types in accordance with the physical conditions prevailing during the period of its formation, and the distribution of forestal remains is mapped. Intervening river Alt alluvium is found in the district east of Formby.

Baguley Hall: the survival of Pre-Conquest building traditions in the fourteenth century

The timber-framed houses of south Lancashire and Cheshire first became familiar to antiquaries through the publication between 1851 and 1859 of Turner and Parker's Domestic Architecture of the Middle Ages. In 1884 the architect Henry Taylor produced a more extended study entitled Old Halls in Lancashire and Cheshire that remains today the best general account of the subject. Subsequently the only important addition to knowledge was the detailed description of the Lancashire halls for the Victoria County History, published between 1906 and 1914. Thereafter little work has been done on them, and certainly nothing comparable to the studies of timber-framed buildings in Sussex, Essex, or the midlands. As a group these northern houses are remarkable for their heavy timbering and a contrasted ‘black-and-white’ effect which is more marked than anywhere else in England.

Corn for South Lancashire and Beyond, 1780–1800:

Corn for South Lancashire and Beyond, 1780–1800:

The travel and diffusion of the radioactive material emitted during the Windscale accident

AbstractThe reactor accident at Windscale on 10‐11 October 1957 resulted in the release of radioactive fission products into the atmosphere over a period of several hours. Measurements were made of the fission products, particularly iodine‐131, collected on filters exposed for the study of atmospheric pollution in many places in the United Kingdom and Europe: measurements were also made of the iodine‐131 deposited on grass. These showed that the effluent had been widely dispersed, but that activities over England were about an order of magnitude greater than those found over the neighbouring areas of the continent. Meteorological trajectory analysis showed that the main portion of the cloud had remained over England until 15 October, and that the activities over continental Europe were due to the eastern edge of the cloud.Meteorological data were used together with the air concentration data to deduce that about 22,000 curies of iodine‐131 were present in the cloud as it passed over south Lancashire and Yorkshire.

John Hilton Grace, 1873-1958

John Hilton Grace was born on 21 May 1873 at Halewood, a village in South Lancashire not far from Liverpool, the eldest of six children of a farmer. He received his early education at the village school, from which he went on to the Liverpool Institute. Here he came under the influence of an outstanding teacher of mathematics, J. A. Owen (who lived to the advanced age of 103), and in 1892 he entered Peterhouse, Cambridge, with an open Entrance Scholarship. His was a vintage year for Cambridge mathematics; among those who took the Mathematical Tripos in 1895 were six future Fellows of the Royal Society; besides Grace himself these were T. J. I’A. Bromwich, F. W. Carter, B. Hopkinson, E. T. Whittaker (later Sir Edmund Whittaker), and A. Young. Young was to become closely associated with Grace in his later mathematical work. There was intense rivalry, not only between the candidates but between their colleges, for the Senior Wrangler-ship. Grace, Bromwich, and Whittaker were the most fancied candidates, and the element of doubt in Grace’s case was not due to any misgivings regarding his mathematical ability, but because it was thought that his rather unstable way of life might result in his not doing himself justice. At any rate a wag pinned on the door of one of the favourites, who was known to be of a religious turn of mind, the verse ‘Work, as if on that alone Hung the issue of the day, Pray that Grace may be sent down, Work and pray!’ In the event, Bromwich was Senior Wrangler, and Grace and Whittaker were bracketed second. Rumour had it that Grace was in the lead at the end of the penultimate paper, but celebrated a day too soon. Whether this is true or not it is in keeping with the fact that Grace was his own worst enemy, and throughout his life he missed opportunities of achieving the greatness of which he was capable through his intemperate habits.

Reviews of Books

Abstract History of the Second World War. Administration of War Production. By J. D. Scott and Richard Hughes. (H.M.S.O.) 37s. 6d. Against Great Odds. By Brigadier C. N. Barclay, C.B.E., D.S.O. (Sifton Praed.) 15s. Dieppe at Dawn. By R. W. Thompson. (Hutchinson.) 15s. Okinawa: Victory in the Pacific. By Major Charles S. Nichols, Jr., U.S.M.C., and Henry I. Shaw, Jr. (U.S. Government Printing Office.) Spam Tomorrow. By Verily Anderson. (Rupert Hart-Davis.) 15s. Struggle for the Border. By Bruce Hutchison. (Longmans, Green.) 30s. The House That Jack Built. The Story of H.M.S. Excellent. By Commander R. Travers Young, O.B.E., R.N. (Gale and Polden.) 15s. The Keith Papers, Volume III, 1803–1815. Edited by Christopher Lloyd. (Navy Records Society.) 45s. The True and Perfecte Newes of…Syr Frauncis Drake, 1587. By Thomas Greepe. Edited by Lieut.-Commander D. W. Waters. (Yale University Press.) Battle for Egypt. The Summer of 1942. By Lieut.-Colonel J. L. Scoullar. Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War, 1939–45. (Geoffrey Cumberlege, Oxford University Press.) It Don't Cost You a Penny. By Eddie Harwood. (Max Parrish.) 9s. 6d. The Loyal Regiment (North Lancashire), 1919–1953. By Captain C. G. T. Dean, M.B.E. (Published at Regimental Headquarters, Fulwood Barracks, Preston.) The Siege. By Arthur Campbell, M.C. (Allen and Unwin.) 12s. 6d. Six Years of War. The Army in Canada, Britain, and the Pacific. Being Volume I of the official history of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. By Colonel C. P. Stacey, O.B.E., C.D., R.M., Ph.D., R.F.S.C. Published under the authority of the Minister of National Defence, by the Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery—Ottawa. Price $4 or 30s., post paid. Soldier and Soldiering in India. By Brigadier Rajendra Singh. (Army Educational Stores, Ambala.) Rs. 5. The Soldier's Pocket Book. By Major R. C. W. Thomas, O.B.E. (Evans Bros.) 5s. The South Lancashire Regiment (Prince of Wales's Volunteers). By Colonel B. R. Mullaly. (The White Swan Press, Bristol.) The Story of the Royal Army Service Corps, 1939–1945. (Bell.) 45s.

Sandy Shores in South Lancashire

Sandy Shores in South Lancashire

South Lancashire in the Reign of Edward II as Illustrated by the Pleas at Wigan Recorded in Coram Rege Roll No. 254. G. H. Tupling

<i>South Lancashire in the Reign of Edward II as Illustrated by the Pleas at Wigan Recorded in Coram Rege Roll No. 254</i>. G. H. Tupling

Merseyside Naturalists' Association

THE third war-time portfolio of the Merseyside Naturalists' Association, an attractively bound volume of two hundred and fifty pages comprising sixty-five pages of photographs and coloured plates and forty-three original articles, has been edited by Miss J. Linaker. It includes detailed accounts of regional bird-life at Mold, North Wales, by J. Lord and C. Swaine; Wigan and Leigh flashes, by G. Brown and T. Edmondson; Hoghton, by G. C. Miller; a Mersey shore pool, by F. J. Hartley; St. Andrews, the Midlands and war areas of Italy and North Africa; the president, Philip Ashcroft, describes his researches into the history of Martin Mere, the lake of 3,000 acres that once covered west Lancashire; Eric Hardy has a detailed account of the extinct and earliest known fauna of the north-west of England; and Mrs. E. G. Hardy describes how nestling hedge-sparrows were killed by a colony of brown ants. There is much that is of more than local interest. The raven is increasing its nesting range on the North Wales border, the cirl-bunting has definitely been established as a nesting bird in west Lancashire, while the colliery subsidence waters of south Lancashire are now known to be an important passage haunt of several rarer ducks, waders and wild swans.

THE CORRELATION OF THE MIDDLE COAL MEASURES OF THE BURNLEY COALFIELD WITH THOSE OF SOUTH LANCASHIRE

Introduction During the detailed mapping of parts of the northern half of the Burnley Coalfield some idea of the zonal range of the Middle Coal Measures of that area has been gained. Although a precise “seam to seam” correlation has not emerged, the probable equivalence of certain of the Burnley seams with those of south Lancashire can be indicated, and the previous correlation by De Rance shown to be seriously wrong. The Burnley Coalfield was geologically mapped by Hull in the eighteen sixties, represented on the Geol. Surv. 1 in. map Sheet 68, and described in the memoir The Geology of the Burnley Coalfield (Hull and others, 1875). The Coal Measure sandstones were not shown on the map and the courses of the outcrops of some of the seams were not completed. The southern half of the field has been resurveyed (Wright and others, 1927) and is shown on the Geol. Surv. 1 in. map, Sheet 76; the northern and more important half of the field has not yet been revised. In the memoir The Geology of the Rossendale Anticline (Wright and others, 1927) it is stated that correlation of the Coal Measures must be deferred until the revision of the Manchester and Wigan areas. These were revised in 1931 and 1938 respectively and zoned, using a modified scheme based on the work of Trueman and Davies in South Wales. Difficulty was experienced in the Manchester district in correlating the eastern and western parts of the field due to the ...

South Lancashire as Christ's Croft

South Lancashire as Christ's Croft

A New British Orchid

THE flora of the duneland area between Liverpool and Southport (botanically “south Lancashire”, vice-county 59, but in all official and local nomenclature “west Lancashire”) has always interested botanists well outside the local area owing to the many special forms of plants adapted to the peculiar habitat, and as a subject for plant ecology it much resembles the Flanders coast. Its list of sixteen Orchidaceæ” is a special attraction and this has now been extended by the discovery and naming of a new species, Epipactis pendula (C. Thomas, J. Bot., Dec., 1941) previously regarded by local botanists as E. dunensis (Godfrey, “British Orchidaceæ” ; Green, “Flora of Liverpool”), which in turn had for years been locally considered but an early-flowering variety of the common broadleaved helleborine, E. latifolia, but with smaller, greener, less-expanded flowers. The new species was found and described in some numbers from Formby and appears to prefer the clearings by the woods, whereas E. dunensis proper is more typical of the open dunes.

Fluctuations of annual rainfall in South Lancashire and North Cheshire

Fluctuations of annual rainfall in South Lancashire and North Cheshire

Auroral Display on February 3

REPORTS from various observers in Yorkshire and south Lancashire, who witnessed a display of the aurora borealis in the evening of February 3 last, have appeared in the Yorkshire Post. The aurora, which was evidently a striking phenomenon to those favoured with a clear sky, began about 18h 30m and lasted for an hour. One observer at Bradford noted a broad band of red passing overhead from east to west. On inquiry at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, it was stated that a magnetic disturbance, which could be associated with this aurora, had been recorded at the Abinger magnetic station. The disturbance began suddenly on February 2 at 23J1 5m U.T., and within a few hours a range of 220y in horizontal force had been registered. The disturbance then died down, but was renewed between 17h and 22h on February 3; a typical movement (associated with auroras) in declination occurred about 19h with a range of f °, the range in horizontal force being 190y. At the commencement of the magnetic disturbance on Feb. 2d 23h, the centre of the large sunspot, reported on p. 228 of NATURE of February 6, was about 40° west of the sun's central meridian and the following extremity of the spot about 32° west. A statistical analysis made at Greenwich of big sunspots and associated magnetic storms shows that spots of the size of the recent one are associated, in about two out of three cases, with either a large or a small magnetic storm, occurring on the average about 1J days after the central meridian passage of the spot. It may be added that 27 days (or a solar synodic rotation) before the aurora on February 3, the Abinger magnetic traces at about 19|h on January 7 show a movement distinctive of auroral activity. An observer at the Saltburn Coastguard Station who saw the aurora on February 3 is reported by the Yorkshire Post as having stated that he “saw the lights a month ago”.

Absence of Winter Rains in England and Wales

THE Director of the Meteorological Office, Air Ministry, states that the rainfall over England and Wales has been less than the average for nine out of the last eleven months. August, November, December and February stand out conspicuously for their dry-ness. In October and January the fall was slightly above the average but there is not a single month of large excess. Taking the period a £ a whole, the rainfall was everywhere less than the average except along a strip of the east coast from Newcastle to Hull and again near Yarmouth. There were two areas in which the deficiency was particularly large, the fall amounting only to about two thirds of the average. The first of these is bounded roughly by the counties Breconshire, Bedfordshire, Somersetshire and Surrey; the second includes the Cheshire plain and the coastal strip of Lancashire. The absence of the winter rains on which we rely to such a large extent for keeping up our water supplies is remarkable. The rainfall for the four months November-February was less than half the average over a great part of the country south of a line from Aberystwyth to Yarmouth, and there are regions of similar deficiency to the west of the Pennines and in south Lancashire. In January, heavy falls amounting to about 20 inches fell in Snowdonia and the English Lake District, but less than two inches were measured over the eastern half of England, and less than an inch in the neighbourhood of Middlesbrough and the Wash. The deficiency for February was also marked. Totals of more than an inch were confined to Snowdonia, the neighbourhood of Borrowdale and parts of the north-east coast. Locally, for example at Patching Farm near Littlehampton, there was no measurable rainfall for the whole of the month, a very unusual occurrence. The partial failure of the winter rain has been the most severe since the memorable winter of 1879-80, which, however, followed a wet summer, whereas the summer of 1933 was dry.