Southeast Iraq Research Articles

Evaluation of Human Health Risks Associated with Exposure to Disinfection by-Products (Dbps) in Drinking Water of Wassit Province Southeast Iraq

The toxicological risks and lifetime cancer risks associated with exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) including Halloacetic acids (HAAs) and trihalomethanes (THMs) compounds by drinking water in several districts in Wassit Province were estimated. The seasonal variation of HAAs and THMs compounds in drinking water have indicated that the mean values for total HAAs (THAAs) and total THMs (TTHMs) ranged from 43.2 to 72.4 mg/l and from 40 to 115.5 mg/l, respectively. The World health organization index for additive toxicity approach was non-compliant with the WHO guideline value in summer and autumn seasons and this means that THMs concentration has adverse toxic health effects. The multi-pathway of lifetime human health risk of cancer credited to THMs and HAAs in drinking water via three exposure routes for THMs and only one exposure route for HAAs was evaluated and found to be 6.13×10-4 and 1.78×10-4 respectively and these values were higher than the US.EPA range of concern limit of 1×10-6. The risk ratio of THAAs to TTHMs was 3.44. Also, the highest cancer risk was recorded for BDCM followed by DBCM, CF, TCAA, DCAA, and BF.

Formation Evaluation by using Well Logging of Mishrif Formation in the Noor Oil Field, , Southeast Iraq

Mishrif Formation regards one of the most important reservoirs in Iraq. Well logging represents one of the most important tool in the formation evaluation. According to the Petrophysical properties that have been gotten from well logging, Mishrif Formation in terms of reservoirs units, consist of several reservoirs units. Major reservoirs units divided into three reservoir units,MA,MB&MC. Each of these major units divided into minor reservoirs units (MB11,MB12,MC2&MC3).MB major reservoir units represent the best reservoir unit. These reservoirs units separated by cap rocks(mainly tight limestone)(CR1,CR2,CR3,CR4,CR5,CR6,and CR7).CPI were demonstrated for all wells.Hydrocarbon saturation vs. water saturation have been determined for each units.In addition, the types porosity and moveable vs.residual oil were calculated.

Evaluation of Human Health Risks Associated with Exposure to Disinfection by-Products (Dbps) in Drinking Water of Wassit Province Southeast Iraq

The toxicological risks and lifetime cancer risks associated with exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) including Halloacetic acids (HAAs) and trihalomethanes (THMs) compounds by drinking water in several districts in Wassit Province were estimated. The seasonal variation of HAAs and THMs compounds in drinking water have indicated that the mean values for total HAAs (THAAs) and total THMs (TTHMs) ranged from 43.2 to 72.4 mg/l and from 40 to 115.5 mg/l, respectively. The World health organization index for additive toxicity approach was non-compliant with the WHO guideline value in summer and autumn seasons and this means that THMs concentration has adverse toxic health effects. The multi-pathway of lifetime human health risk of cancer credited to THMs and HAAs in drinking water via three exposure routes for THMs and only one exposure route for HAAs was evaluated and found to be 6.13×10-4 and 1.78×10-4 respectively and these values were higher than the US.EPA range of concern limit of 1×10-6. The risk ratio of THAAs to TTHMs was 3.44. Also, the highest cancer risk was recorded for BDCM followed by DBCM, CF, TCAA, DCAA, and BF.

Classification of soil infiltration rate depending on the Hydrological soil group map South East Iraq

The study area is located in the East of Missan governorate, southeast of Iraq between (32°'29.52" – 32°37'30") latitude and (46°46'21.16" – 47°58'53.52")longitude. It encompasses an area of (1858 ) with elevation ranges from 8 to 165m. Soil is a natural body that exists as part of the pedosphere and which performs four important functions. It is a medium for plant growth and a means of water storage, supply and purification. The spatial mapping of soil usually involves delineating soil types that have identifiable characteristics. The delineation is based on many factors such as geomorphologic origin and conditions under which the soil is formed. Hydrologic soil group (HSG) refers to the classification of soils based on their runoff , producing characteristics and their infiltration rate. Soils are assigned to 4 hydrologic groups namely Group A - high infiltration rate when wet, low runoff potential, Group B - moderate infiltration, low runoff potential, Group C - slow infiltration, higher runoff potential, and Group D - very slow infiltration rate, highest runoff potential. According to the USDA soil classification system, four hydrological soil groups are recognized: A, B, C, and D with 19%, 48%, 32%, and 1%, respectively, the high percentage extension of moderately infiltration group (B and C).

Petrophysical Properties and Reservoir Modeling of Mishrif Formation at Amara Oil Field, Southeast Iraq

Petrophysical Properties and Reservoir Modeling of Mishrif Formation at Amara Oil Field, Southeast Iraq

Sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary study on Mishrif formation of Fauqi Oilfield of Missan in south east Iraq

The reservoir of Mishrif formation has a large scale distribution of marine facies carbonate sediments in great thickness in central and south east Iraq. Rudist reef and shoal facies limestones of the Mishrif Formation (Late Cenomanian - Middle Turonian) form a great potential reservoir rocks at oilfields and structures of Iraq. Facies modelling was applied to predict the relationship between facies distribution and reservoir characteristics to construct a predictive geologic model which will assist future exploration and development in south east Iraq. Microfacies analysis and electrofacies identification and correlations indicate that the limestone of the Mishrif Formation were mainly deposited in open platform setting. Sequence stratigraphic analyses of the Mishrif Formation indicate 3 third order depositional sequences.

Searching for Accountability: British-Controlled Detention in Southeast Iraq, 2003–2008

This article examines violence against detainees in British-controlled detention facilities in southeast Iraq from 2003 to 2008. I argue that various legal frameworks, domestic and international, failed to protect Iraqi detainees from violence while in British custody. Law could not penetrate the thick culture of impunity surrounding security force actions in Iraq. This is linked to obstacles in securing the ‘truth’ about violent assault, death and degradation in these detention facilities. I examine patterns of violence, particularly harmful pre-interrogation techniques originally employed in Northern Ireland, subsequently banned by the UK government, only to reemerge in British detention facilities in Iraq. I argue that a culture of impunity which does not lend itself to an open accounting surrounds these abuses, raising the question of whether the International Criminal Court will be able to prise open a space for an investigation of the facts without fear or favour.

Catalysts and Networks for Stability

Operation Charge of the Knights in the Spring of 2008, which cleared extremist militias out of Basra, created a strategic opportunity for building stability in that troubled Province. Security had improved but the situation was still fragile: attacks on Coalition forces were common, essential services were poor, the City needed cleaning up and revitalising, and the people had to believe that the future was going to be a better place than the present. I was about to assume command of Coalition Forces in South East Iraq in the Summer of 2008 and my team and I were working out how to seize this “Kyros”[ 1 ] moment.

Carinoconus iraqiensis (Foraminifera), a new orbitolinid from the Cenomanian Mishrif Formation of the oil fields of southeastern Iraq

A detailed micropalaeontological study of the Mishrif Formation in the Buzurgan, Fauqui and Abu Guirab oil fields in Iraq has provided a new species of the genus Carinoconus Cherchi and Schroeder 1982. Carinoconus iraqiensis n. sp. is formally described from on-shore cored sediments of south-east Iraq, where it occurs in Middle to Late Cenomanian platform deposits. This new species is roughly half the size of C. casterasi (Bilotte et al. 1973), the only representative of genus Carinoconus described to date. Carinoconus iraqiens is n. sp. is the first representative of the genus Carinoconus ever found in the Middle East region.

Facies Analysis of The Ghar Formation at Selected Wells of South and Southeast Iraq

Facies analysis of the Ghar Formation at selected wells of south and southeastern Iraq, promote the subdivision of the formation into two main facies. Sandy gravel and carbonates facies that represents terrestrial clastics of arid alluvial fans environment which can also be subdivided into two subfacies; sandy gravel with dolocrete that was deposited in ephemeral braided streams and sand with gravel that represents sheet flood deposits. Other facies is carbonate rich sandstones that represents a transitional environment between fluvial and tidal marine and can be subdivided into several subfacies; fluvial quartzarenite and subarkose, swamp quartzwacke and arkose wacke, tidal carbonate rich sandstones and supratidal carbonate subfacies.

Authigenic Minerals and Diagenesis in The Clastic Sediments of The Ghar Formation South and Southeast Iraq.

Study of clay minerals (Kaolinite,Iillite and Illite-Smectite mixed layers) in the clastic sediments of the Ghar Formation (Upper Oligocene-Lower Miocene) is the main indicator for the variation of the pore waters responsible for the eodiagenetic processes affecting on these sediments. Variation of these clay minerals are used also to distinguish the sedimentary environments of the Ghar Formation as transitional environment from fluvial into marine. The genetic relations of these clay minerals and their semi quantitative proportions by XRD and SEM are used also to distinguish the authigenic minerals and their paragenetic sequence. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

NEW MOLLUSCS FROM THE REGENT HAMMAR FORMATION OF SOUTH-EAST IRAQ

Journal Article NEW MOLLUSCS FROM THE REGENT HAMMAR FORMATION OF SOUTH-EAST IRAQ Get access S. P. DANCE, S. P. DANCE Zoology Department, British Museum {Natural History), and BP Research Centre Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. E. EAMES F. E. EAMES Zoology Department, British Museum {Natural History), and BP Research Centre Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Molluscan Studies, Volume 37, Issue 1, April 1966, Pages 35–43, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a064973 Published: 01 April 1966 Article history Received: 11 June 1965 Published: 01 April 1966

Petroleum Developments in Middle East and Adjacent Countries in 1954

Petroleum production in the Middle East countries in 1954 totaled 998,804,700 barrels (partly estimated for Iran), an average of 2,716,460 barrels per day. This is an all-time high and exceeded the daily average production in 1953 by 291,070 barrels. Production in India, Pakistan, and Burma totaled 5,733,000 barrels, an average of 15,710 barrels per day as compared with 13,560 barrels per day in 1953. Two new fields were put on production in 1954, namely, Rumaila in southeast Iraq, and Nahorkatiya in northeast India. A discovery of oil was made at Jambur located south-southeast of the Kirkuk field, in Iraq. Step-out drilling extended the productive areas of fields in Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and India. Geological and/or geophysical exploration was energetically carried out in Turkey, Israel, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, the province of Dhofar in the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman, India, and Pakistan. Geophysical work was continued in the under-water concessions outside the territorial waters of Qatar and the sheikdoms of Abu Dhabi and Dubai on the Trucial Coast.

Petroleum Developments in Middle East and Adjacent Countries in 1953

Petroleum production in the Middle East countries in 1953 totaled 885,279,500 barrels, an average of 2,425,400 barrels per day. This is an all-time high and exceeded the daily average production in 1952 by 342,300 barrels. Production in India, Pakistan, and Burma totaled about 4,950,000 barrels, an average of 13,560 barrels per day as compared with 12,460 barrels per day in 1952. Four new fields were put on production in 1953, namely, Magwa and Ahmadi in Kuwait, Wafra in the Kuwait-Saudi Arabia Neutral Zone, and Butmah in Iraq. Wildcat drilling led to discoveries at Wafra, Rumaila in southeast Iraq, Murban in the Trucial Coast area, Bai Hassan which is a short distance west of the Kirkuk field in northern Iraq, and at Nahorkatiya about 20 miles west-southwest of the Digboi field in India. Long step-out drilling appreciably extended the productive areas of the Ghawar field in Saudi Arabia, the Ahmadi field in Kuwait, and of the Sui gas field in West Pakistan. Geological and geophysical work was actively carried out in the Iraq Petroleum Company group of concessions, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Turkey, Israel, India Pakistan, and to a somewhat less extent in some of the other countries.