This paper aims to explore the application of Microbially Induced Calcification Process (MICP) in reinforcing South China Sea island resources and to analyze its impact factors on coral sand. Through literature review and field surveys, it firstly introduces the significance of South China Sea island resources and coral sand, as well as the principles and application methods of MICP technology. Subsequently, through field investigations and experimental design, the effectiveness of MICP technology in reinforcing these islands is assessed, and the changes in coral sand during the MICP process are analyzed. Further, factors affecting coral sand, including microbial activity, environmental conditions, and other factors, are discussed. The research findings indicate that MICP technology can effectively reinforce South China Sea islands and has a significant impact on coral sand, with microbial activity and environmental conditions being among the primary factors. This study provides an important reference for further exploration of the protection and utilization of South China Sea island resources and anticipates future research directions for MICP technology in this field.