Sous La Direction De Research Articles

Œuvres complètes. 1846. Isidora. Œuvres complètes by George Sand

Reviewed by: Œuvres complètes. 1846. Isidora. Œuvres complètes by George Sand Rachel Corkle Sand, George. Œuvres complètes. 1846. Isidora. Œuvres complètes sous la direction de Béatrice Didier. Édition critique par Annabelle M. Rea, Honoré Champion, 2018. Pp. 272. ISBN 978-2-7453-4576-9. 42.65€ (papier). Isidora is an exemplary novel in Sand's vast body of work in that it explores many of the themes for which George Sand is known, studied, and admired. It is a novel about women and women's condition and a roman de formation that explicitly addresses educational disparities between boys and girls, men and women. In Isidora, the reader sees how George Sand was a child of her beloved eighteenth century, and specifically "un fils de Jean-Jacques," even if, as the eponymous heroine remarks: "Il n'a pas compris les femmes, ce sublime Rousseau." In Isidora, Sand's voice echoes and responds to Rousseau's works on education, but also on class and on nature, specifically as concerns the study of botany. George Sand is a brilliant manipulator of literary form, and Isidora is an outstanding example of narrative hybridity. Part I of the novel, "Journal d'un solitaire à Paris" is introduced by a third-person narrator then written in the form of Jacques Laurent's cahiers: his "travail" ("un recueil de notes pour un ouvrage philosophique") and his "journal" ("un examen de son cœur et un récit de ses émotions"). In part II, "Alice" the narrator takes control. Part III begins with Jacques Laurent's "cahiers" about his love for two women, Isidora (paragraphs labeled "I") and Alice (paragraphs labeled "A"), and concludes with four letters from Isidora (that Sand added after the first publication in feuilleton). In short, Isidora should be on the "to-read" list. Or as Annabelle M. Rea concludes in the novel's introduction: "Cette œuvre, nous l'avons dit, est l'une des plus féministes de George Sand. Même si ce roman a bien commencé à trouver le public qu'il mérite, il offre encore des richesses à découvrir" (38). [End Page 189] Rea's critical edition, part of a colossal effort, directed by Béatrice Didier, to republish Sand's Oeuvres complètes, is a gift to scholars and students of Sand and of this novel. Rea's notes are copious and detailed, and her citing and thanking scholars of all ages shows the breadth of her knowledge and her generosity. In addition to notes, a comprehensive bibliography, a meticulous accounting of textual variants, indexes (of names and places), and annexes of passages that were removed or altered, Rea includes an essay on Isidora's reception and an introduction that is substantial in both size and content. Rea's introduction is important firstly for contextualizing the novel: in Sand's personal life (her relationship with her then adolescent daughter), in her political life (as the novel is haunted by the Code civil), and in her professional life. The novel was originally conceived of as part of the collective project Le diable à Paris. Rea's introduction also perspicaciously situates Isidora in the canon of courtesan novels. There is a vast bibliography of works that study the courtesan in nineteenth-century French literature, and they frequently ignore Sand. Rea shows how important it is to include Sand's voice, a woman's voice, in this dialogue about women. Sand writes a different kind of courtesan novel than do her male counterparts. "C'est un roman courageusement féministe qui critique, avec une férocité contenue, le Code civil et la position dépendante dans laquelle se trouve la femme, à l'exception de la veuve," writes Rea. "C'est un roman où, contrairement à la tendance qui se manifeste chez les écrivains masculins, la courtisane ne meurt pas, ne se laisse pas humilier, 'rachetée' par l'amour ; une fois libérée de sa dépendance économique, Isidora lutte pour se comprendre ellemême, pour construire un moi autonome et actif" (37). Annabelle M. Rea's edition of Isidora takes important steps toward inserting Sand's voice in these bibliographies and scholarly discussions. Rachel Corkle BMCC, City University...

Comparative Education Research, Approaches and Methods, Mark Bray, Bob Adamson et Mark Mason (sous la direction de)

Comparative Education Research, Approaches and Methods, Mark Bray, Bob Adamson et Mark Mason (sous la direction de)

Dictionnaire Sartre

Sous la direction de François Noudelmann et Gilles Philippe. Paris, Champion. 2004. 542 pp. Hb €70.00. This is a splendidly conceived, encyclopaedic dictionary. It is rich in detail, precise in philosophical definition, impressively wide-ranging, and entirely up-to-date. Its editors are at the forefront of a new generation of Sartre scholars, and they have been able to draw on the resources of colleagues in the international Groupe d'Études sartriennes, as well as having been assisted by the founders of that group, in particular Michel Contat, Michel Rybalka, Geneviève Idt, and Vincent de Coorbyter. The editors have followed the alphabetical order common to all dictionaries, assimilated in the Avant-Propos to the quest of the Autodidacte in La Nausée as well as to Sartre's own alphabetically organized notebook of reflections in his early twenties. As they rightly point out, the aleatory nature of such apparent ordering produces some incongruous juxtapositions: Hugo and Huis clos; Janet and Japon; Manuscrits and Maoisme; Névrose and New York. Genres and chronology are replaced by the hasards of spelling, though the series of entries for anti- (anti-Americanism, anti-Communism, anti-dialectic, anti-psychiatry and so on) or for guerres (guerre froide, guerre d'Algérie, guerre de Corée, guerre d'Espagne) gives a clear indication of some of Sartre's major preoccupations. The scholarship of the entries is of an exceptionally high standard, and indeed, despite the relative brevity of the entries — there are around 850 — most of them will teach something even to the most specialized of Sartreans and will also open up possibilities for further reading since the referencing is unusually generous. There are some minor quibbles to be made, of course: cross-referencing, though present, is incomplete — Henri Martin, for example, is to be found under A (L'affaire Henri Martin) but not under M; the entry for theatre does not refer the reader to the entries on the actor; there is no entry for death; the entries for Hegel and Descartes are disproportionately longer than those for Kant and Heidegger. But with over sixty-five contributors to reconcile, the general level of consistency is remarkably high. The Dictionnaire provides much more than its title promises: it is a fascinating book to dip in to for surprises, as well as a real research resource.

Neill, Jon (sous la direction de), Poverty and Inequality: The Political Economy of Redistribution

Neill, Jon (sous la direction de), Poverty and Inequality: The Political Economy of Redistribution. Un article de la revue Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations (Relations industrielles et nouveaux systèmes productifs) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.

Technology and the rise of the networked city in Europe and America (sous la direction de Joel Tarr et Gabriel Dupuy)

Technology and the rise of the networked city in Europe and America (sous la direction de Joel Tarr et Gabriel Dupuy)

Book Reviews Comptes rendus

Book reviewed in this article:Organizing to Govern De GORDON F. OSBALDESTONOrganizing to Govern By GORDON F. OSBALDESTONPolitique et gestion des finances publiques. Quebec et Canada De ANDRE BERNARDAspects of Provincial Policy‐Making and Administration Edited by DONALD C. ROWATInfluences on Federal Policy‐Making: Recent Case Studies Edited by DONALD C. ROWATCommunication publique et societe reperes pour la reflexion et Taction?(sous la direction de), MICHEL BEAUCHAMPNew Forms of Work Organization: The Challenge for North American Unions By TOM RANKINReviving the American Dream: The economy, the states and the federal government By ALICE M. RIVLINEconomic Rationalism in Canberra: A Nation‐Building State Changes Its Mind By MICHAEL PUSEY

Robert I. Burns (sous la direction de), Emperor of culture, Alfonso X the learned of Castile and his thirtheenth century Renaissance, Philadelphie, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990, 272 p.

Robert I. Burns (sous la direction de), Emperor of culture, Alfonso X the learned of Castile and his thirtheenth century Renaissance, Philadelphie, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990, 272 p.

Johnson, v. Alexis et Packard, George R. (sous la direction de). The Common Security Interests of Japan, The United States and Nato. Joint Working Group of the Atlantic council of the United States and the Research Institute for Peace and Security, Tokyo). Cambridge (Mass.), Ballinger Publishing Company, 1981, 256 p.

Johnson, v. Alexis et Packard, George R. (sous la direction de). The Common Security Interests of Japan, The United States and Nato. Joint Working Group of the Atlantic council of the United States and the Research Institute for Peace and Security, Tokyo). Cambridge (Mass.), Ballinger Publishing Company, 1981, 256 p.. An article from journal Études internationales (Volume 13, Number 4, 1982, pp. 611-800), on Érudit.

Sylvia Ostry (sous la direction de), Canadian Higher Education in the Seventies, a collection of abridged papers presented at a seminar sponsored by the Economic Council of Canada on Octobre 1971, Information Canada, Ottawa, 1972, 310 pp.

Sylvia Ostry (sous la direction de), Canadian Higher Education in the Seventies, a collection of abridged papers presented at a seminar sponsored by the Economic Council of Canada on Octobre 1971, Information Canada, Ottawa, 1972, 310 pp.. An article from journal Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations (Volume 27, Number 4, 1972, pp. 567-851), on Érudit.

SHORT NOTICES

La Prière du Seigneur. By Heinz Schürmann. The Mother of God. Her physical Maternity: A Reappraisal. By Cletus Wessels. La Mystique et les Mystiques. By A. Ravier, S.J. and Others. Sous la direction de A. Ravier, S.J. Préface de Henri de Lubac, S.J. Summa Theologiae: St Thomas Aquinas; Latin text and English translation, introductions, notes Thomistic Epistemology. Vol. 2. By Georges van Riet. Translated by Donald. McCarthy, ph.d., and George E. Hertrich, m.a. Religious Psychology. By Vincent V. Herr, S.J. St Augustine and Being: A Metaphysical Essay. By James F. Anderson. The Coming of the Franciscans. By Thomas of Eccleston. Translated by Leo Sherley‐Price. The Roman Catacombs and their Martyrs. By L. Hertling and E. Kirschbaum. The Council of Chalcedon and the Armenian Church. By Karekin Sarkissian. Histoire du Concile de Trente, Vol. 1. By Hubert Jedin. Jewish Prayer and Worship: an Introduction for Christians. By William W. Simpson. Carnet de Notes. By Jacques Maintain. The German Church Conflict. By Karl Barth. Gilbert Foliot and his Letters. By Adrian Morey and C. N. L. Brooke.

Treatise of Zoology

IN reviewing the first volume to be produced of this new "Treatise of Zoology", actually Volume 11 in the series (see Nature, February 19, p. 269), it was pointed out that in publishing a series of large volumes there is a danger that the earlier ones may become out of date before the later ones appear. The publishers seem to be doing their best to avoid this, since two further volumes are now to hand, and another, Volume 15, on birds, is announced to appear during the present year. It may be said at the outset that the present volumes fully maintain the high standard of printing and illustrating of their predecessor, and the coloured plates in both are very good. The practice of including a treatment of fossil groups in their systematic position, although from the nature of the material it cannot be so full as in the case of living groups, and of discussing their relationship is to be commended since it gives a more satisfying picture of the animal kingdom as a whole than dealing with them in separate and unrelated publications. It is a pity that the size of the animal illustrated is not indicated more consistently, as it is in the Coleoptera, particularly in the more unusual and bizarre forms. Traite de zoologie Anatomie, systematique, biologie. Publie sous la direction de Prof. Pierre-P. Grasse. Tome 6 : Onychophores, tardigrades, arthropodes, trilobitomorphes, chelicerates. Pp. viii+980. (Paris : Masson et Cie, 1949.) 5,000 francs. Traite de Zoologie Aratomie, systematique, biologie. Publie sous la direction de Prof. Pierre-P. Grasse. Tome 9 : Insectes; paleontologie, geonemie, apterygotes, ephemeropteres, odonatopteres, blattopteroides, orthopteroides, dermapteroides, coleopteres. Pp. viii+1118. (Paris : Masson et Cie, 1949.) 4,500 francs.

Électrochimie des substances radioactives et des solutions extrêmement diluées

THIS short book by an authority on the subject is very welcome at the present time, when the supply of artificial radio-elements is on the verge of abundance. Inter alia, the preparation of radioactive sources must shortly become a routine operation in many fields of research, and, for this, electrochemical methods are often superior to all others in convenience, and in the purity and homogeneity of the product. Electrochimie des substances radioactives et des solutions extremement diluees Par M. Haissinsky. (Radioactivite exposes publies sous la direction de Prof. A. Debierne, 2.) (Actualites scientifiques et industrielles, 1009.) Pp. 68. (Paris: Masson et Cie., 1946.) 125 francs.

A Mesopotamian Trilogy

I. La Civilisation d’Assur et de Babylone. By Dr G. Contenau, Conservateur des Antiquités Orientales au Musée du Louvre. Paris: Payot, 1937. 30francs.Fouilles de Telloh: sous la direction de H. de Genouillac. Vol. II, Époques d’Ur IIIe Dynastie et de Larsa. Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1937. Vols. I and II. 400francs.The Music of the Sumerians. By F. W. Galpin. Cambridge University Press, 1937. 18s.These three works, all published in the same year, form a trilogy with the Tigris and Euphrates as a background. The Land of the Two Rivers, as historians have aptly called it, was from the beginning of the fourth millennium B.C. a focus on which man converged from the cardinal points of western Asia. The earliest settlements were composed of farmers and hunters: in the south their pottery and the art of painting suggest that they were predominant with the Syrian hinterland and eastern Anatolia. Sometime before 3000 B.C. the invention of the wheel, of metal-working and writing produced an industrial revolution, which brought the young civilization of these early farmers to maturity. The beautiful painted pottery of A1 ‘Ubaid and Tall Halaf died out, partly because, as de Genouillac says, the invention of cuneiform writing made the pictorial writing of clay vases obsolete, and no doubt caused the skilful artisans of painted ceramic to apply themselves to the more paying craft of metallurgy, much as in western Europe in the first quarter of this century a horde of stable hands left the paddock for the garage and forsook the horse for the motor car.

Union Acadédmique Internationale Catalogue des manuscrits alchimiques grecs

THE earliest treatises on chemistry were com-posed in Hellenistic Egypt (Alexandria) during the first centuries of the Christian era. Their language was Greek (κινή), and their con-tinuations in the Byzantine period, for example, under Heraclius (A.D. 610–641), present no new features. After the Mohammedan conquest of Egypt in A.D. 640, the treatises passed into an Arabic dress, and from about A.D. 1100 they arrived, in a sadly corrupted form, in the west in the shape of Latin versions (or ‘perversions’) made in Spain. The original Alexandrian treatises have been published, with translations, by Berthelot and Ruelle (“Collection des alchimistes grecs”, 3 vols., Paris, 1887–88), and, although from time to time threats of an ‘improved’ edition have been put forward rather fretfully by German scholars, this publication is likely to remain for some time to come the basis of our knowledge of the earliest chemistry. The principal manuscripts and their contents have been known for a long time; in the selection of texts for publication or repubhcation the advice of a chemist would no doubt prove useful, since the interest and value of such texts vary considerably. Union Acadedmique Internationale. Catalogue des manuscrits alchimiques grecs. Publie sous la direction de J. Bidez, F. Cumont, A. Delatte, Sir Frederic Kenyon, O. Lagercrantz, J. Ruska et C. O. Zuretti. Tome 7: Anonymi de arte metallica seu de metallorum conversione in aurum et argentum. Edidit C. O. Zuretti. Pp. lx + 466. (Bruxelles: Maurice Lamertin, 1930.)

Book Reviews

ABOUT 1838, Louis Agassiz had assembled in Neuchatel specimens of fossil sea-urchins borrowed from various public and private collections to aid him in his “Monographies d'échinodermes”. Many of these specimens became the types of his new species; all were authenticated; and he con ceived the happy idea of making plaster moulds from them and of distributing the casts to museums or students interested in the subject. After Agassiz left Neuchâtel, the good work was con tinued by E. Desor and later by H. Michelin, down to about 1858, when the number of species thus represented amounted to 960. A second edition of the casts was begun in 1854 by L. Coulon, who had succeeded to the direction of the Neuchâtel Museum. It is to be feared that after a time in many museums these valuable documents of research, having become dusty, lost the respect of a new generation of curators and were not kept in order. Even at Neuchâtel itself, the present director “found the casts piled up at random in two large boxes and sometimes spoiled”. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft (Mémoires de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles). Band 64, Abh. 2: Nouveau catalogue des monies d'échinides fossiles du Musée d'Histoire naturelle de Neuchâtel. Exécuté sous la direction de L. Agassiz et E. Desor par J. Lambert et A. Jeannet. Pp. ii + 83-233 + 2 planches. (Zürich: Gebrüder Fretz A.-G., 1928.)

Fours électriques et chimie

THE Committee of the Fondation Edmond de Rothschild has caused this book to be written as a preliminary step in the planning of investigations with electric furnaces, to extend scientific knowledge and industrial applications. It forms a review of electric furnace constructions and their applications and succeeds in covering the ground fairly thoroughly. Recognising that advances in chemistry and physics are frequently closely associated with the invention or development of new apparatus, an attempt is made to describe various types of electric furnace and to asso ciate with the several forms a summary of the main researches already carried out by their aid. Fours électriques et chimie. Publié sous la direction de Prof. P. Lebeau., avec la collaboration de C. Bedel, Prof. A. Damiens, P. Fleury, Prof. P.Jolibois, Dr. M.Picon, Prof. G. Ribaud, Dr. H.Weiss. (Fondation Edmond de Rothschild pour le développement de la recherche scientifique.) Pp. xii + 585. (Paris: Les Presses universitaires de France, 1924.) n.p.

La Face de la Terre (Das Antlitz der Erde)

THIS is a noble ending to a noble work. On the merits of the original it is scarcely necessary to enlarge; since they were first recognised in these pages they have become familiar to all English geologists, and the fame of “Das Antlitz” has spread over the whole world. Yet time has increased, rather than diminished, our appreciation of its great qualities, and we take advantage of this opportunity to express our admiration for its superb mastery over detail and the acute vision which have z combined to give us in true perspective so many faithful pictures of terrestrial structure; for its power of synthesis, discovering in the midst of the most diverse phenomena an underlying unity; for its freshness of explanation, always surprising us with novel theories and hypotheses; and for many bold conceptions, which, whether we accept them or not, are always valuable for what they suggest if for nothing else. The delight with which we follow the author through the most complicated descriptions or discussions is increased by the vigour of his language, with its occasional ascent into spontaneous eloquence under the inspiration of great ideas. As we read, we are conscious of a new spirit which has broken loose from ancient dogmas and leads us forth to fresh conquests of the unknown. La Face de la Terre (Das Antlitz der Erde). Par Prof. Ed. Suess. Traduit de l'Allemand avec l'Autorisation de l'Auteur et Annote sous la Direction de Emm. de Margerie. Tome iii., 4e Partie. (Fin.) Avec un Epilogue par P. Termier. Pp. xvi + 1361–1724. Tables Generales de l'Ouvrage. Tomes i., ii., iii. (1re, 2e, 3e et 4e Parties.) (Paris: Librairie Armand Colin, 1918.) Price 25 francs.

Reviews

The Cult of Othin : an Essay in the Ancient Religion of the North. By H. M. Chadwick, Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge. London : Clay. 1899. By F. York Powell. Asiatic Studies, Religious and Social. By Sir Alfred C. Lyall, K.C.B., D.C.L. First and Second Series. London: John Murray. 1899. LAnnée Sociologique, publiée sous la direction de Émile Durkheim, Professeur de Sociologie à la Faculté des Lettres de lUniversité de Bordeaux. Deuxième Année (1897-1898). Paris: Felix Alcan. 1899. By E. Sidney Hartland. The Natural History of the Musical Bow : A Chapter in the Developmental History of Stringed Instruments of Music. By Henry Balfour, M.A., Curator of the Pitt-Rivers Museum. Oxford : The Clarendon Press. 1899. By W. Crooke. Marathi Proverbs. Collected and arranged by Rev. A. Manwaring, Missionary of the Church Missionary Society. Oxford: the Clarendon Press. 1899. By W. Crooke. Encyclopædia Biblica: a Critical Dictionary of the Literary, Political, and Religious History, the Archæology, Geography, and Natural History of the Bible. Edited by Rev. T. K. Cheyne, M.A., D.D., and J. Sutherland Black, M.A., LL.D. Vol. i. London: A, and C. Black, 1899. By W. Crooke. Eaglehawk and Crow : a Study of the Australian Aborigines, including an Inquiry into their Origin, and a Survey of Australian Languages. By John Mathew, M.A., B.D. London: D. Nutt. Melbourne: Melville, Mullen, and Slade. 1899. By E. Sidney Hartland. Köhler (R.), Kleinere. Schriften. Vol. I. Zur Märchenforschung, herausg. von Joh, Bolte. Weimar: 1898. By Alfred Nutt.