Source Of Peace Research Articles

The Evaluation of Metaphoric Perceptions of the Concept of “Geography” by Geography Teacher Candidates

This study was carried out to reveal the metaphors by geography teacher candidates about the concept of “Geography.” The data of the study were collected with qualitative research method and the study was carried out on the pattern of phenomenology. The data were subjected to content analysis. In order to determine the students’ perceptions about the concept of geography, a semistructured form was prepared, and this form included the sentence of “Geography is like a/an ..........., because ........” Students were asked to complete this sentence in the form. When the findings of the study were evaluated, it was seen that 86 valid metaphors had been produced by the students. These metaphors were coded in terms of their common features and 8 different conceptual categories were created. The prominent ones of these categories were “Geography as the source of discovery and learning,” “Geography as the source of diversity,” “Geography as similar to humanity,” “Geography as the source of peace and acceptance,” and metaphor numbers and frequencies of these categories were high.

The Role of Religion in the Family Life of People with Disabilities: A Legal and Social Study

The family holds a special place in human life. Given the importance of marriage and family for the welfare of people, the Catholic Church strives to protect these values. The Church’s stance towards people with disabilities is unequivocally protective and inclusive, but it also recognises that the right to marriage and family life is not absolute. Not all people with disabilities are able to start a family or fulfil the obligations of marriage and family life. In canon law, the Church sets forth certain conditions for contracting a valid marriage, taking into account the human resources that make a person capable of such a commitment. This article examines the narratives of people with disabilities who participated in a study on religiosity, faith, and prayer, and how these can provide meaning to disability in the context of marital and family life. The research findings confirm our hypothesis that faith and religious practices provide people with disabilities with a sense of meaning in life and help them stabilise difficult moments and experiences; prayer is a source of peace, patience, and gentleness, and it improves the quality of life of both people with disabilities and their families; faith and religious practices help people with disabilities make sense of everyday difficulties, gain perspective, and overcome their weaknesses or egocentrism; religiousness is a source of meaning in life. Faith and religion play an important role in participants’ efforts to accept their lives, provide care, and show love. Moreover, they have a positive impact on the rehabilitation process.

Makna Bersukacitalah Berdasarkan Filipi 4:4-7 Dan Refleksi Teologisnya Terhadap Orang Kristen Masa Kini

This research aims to describe the meaning of rejoice contained in Philippians 4:4-7 and reflect it on the lives of Christians today. In this writing, a qualitative method is used with an exegetical approach to draw meaning through the images that Paul has given through his writing, then the results of the interpretation and conclusions are expected to provide the right understanding for believers. The initial understanding of Christians assumes that if everything goes according to what is desired, it is desirable that they will rejoice and Christians imagine that joy is living without problems or just having fun and measuring this joy only by the amount of material things. The results of the analysis show that rejoicing cannot be separated from all His advice and rules and rejoicing is not just having fun or living without problems, but rejoicing in every situation of abundance, lack, then all things can be borne in Him who gives strength ( Phil. 4:13). Where the meaning of rejoice is expressed by being grateful in all circumstances, meaning both in hardship and happiness, disappointment, trials, suffering, which is implemented through friendly, kind-hearted actions towards everyone regardless of whether they are rich or poor and there is no place to worry and give up. everything to God by praying. So in this way, Christians who can do this will receive grace from God, namely God's peace which preserves and protects human hearts and minds, where disappointments, trials and suffering will be transformed by God into salvation. This research concludes that the meaning of rejoice is a command written by Paul for every Christian which can be seen from his gratitude and is implemented through actions that are friendly, kind to others and that there is no room for excessive worry and prayer. So that in the end you will obtain God's peace and God, the source of peace, will guard the hearts and minds of believers.

Contestation but not Euroscepticism: economic and security concerns and the fear of losing national traditions in Georgia

ABSTRACT This paper examines the role of utilitarian, political, and cultural/identity-based factors of Euroscepticism on a nationwide representative sample of ethnic Georgians. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression showed that for ethnic Georgians, utilitarian factors are the strongest predictors of support for the EU integration, followed by cultural/identity and political variables, supporting the rational choice theory. These predictors are, in turn, anteceded by popular perceptions of the EU in Georgia. Mediation analysis revealed that the perception of the EU as a source of peace and security precedes the hope for an increase in national security with its support (political predictor). Likewise, the perception of the EU as a champion of economic development antecedes the hope for reduced poverty in Georgia (utilitarian predictor). On the other hand, the perception of the EU as a threat to national traditions does not predict Euroscepticism. We elaborate on this result through an examination of the current political atmosphere of Georgia, where we determine that fears of losing national traditions are outweighed by fears of economic and political insecurity.

Mountaineering Stories of Adventurous Women: A Brief Survey

This article looks at the dream and the achievement of adventurous women in the field of mountaineering. It focuses on Everest climbing and the narrations of Lhakpa Phuti Sherpa, a Nepalese mountaineer, Rebecca Stephens, the first British Everest climber, and Lene Gammelgaard, the first Scandinavian woman to summit Mount Everest. The magic of Mount Everest, its beauty, mystery, and majesty lures the women's adventurous souls. They are emotionally and spiritually connected to the mountains because the high peaks are the sources of peace, happiness, and enlightenment to them.
 Mountaineering, the art of climbing mountain peaks, is a perilous sport that attracts climbers from all over the world. Despite the challenges, the climbers risk their lives to thin air, frostbite, bone-chilling temperatures, avalanches, and powerful winds. They understand that getting to the top is not always simple, but it is worthwhile because it represents self-conquest, and touch with greater power. In this article, the three women climbers mention their invincible courage and inexhaustible stamina to ascend the steep and rugged snow peak of Mount Everest.

Awareness on social welfare programmes among women workers of unorganized sector with special reference to khurja pottery works

This study is destined to analyse and discuss the awareness about social protection programmes of the government among the women working in unorganized sector of a town Khurja, district Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh. Development all alone cannot be a source of peace and prosperity until it is followed by social justice and equity. Both state and central governments have implemented a number of social welfare programmes for the upliftment of the marginalized people. Generally, no information is available on effectiveness of these programmes among the underprivileged class of people. Efficiency and effectiveness of key welfare programmes in India need to be substantially improved. Particular attention needs to be paid to female participation and their access to these welfare programmes. Altering population demographics have placed various challenges before us, among which increasing pressure of social welfare of citizens is one. Remarkable disparities regarding social security remain among regions, between rural and urban areas, between men and women. On an average country spend 12.8% of their GDP on social security programmes. Currently only 47% of the global population is effectively covered with social security net. Social protection is a tool of social transformation, which creates wide ranging social and economic benefits to the society.

THE CONCEPT OF RESPECT FOR HUMANITY AND RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE IN ISLAM AND OTHER SELECTED RELIGIONS (COMPARATIVE AND CRITICAL REVIEW)

Respect for humanity is the source of peace and tranquility in society because man has the basic position in this universe. The greatest need in today's world is that peace and order should be established in the world and the society should be peaceful. The only way to this is to respect humanity and give every human being their basic rights. For this purpose, this article examines the teachings of various religions and the attitudes of their followers regarding human respect. Before Islam, the concept of human sanctity was lost in Arab society. And the victorious force inflicted various atrocities on the people. The extremism of the Jews was such that they did not hesitate to kill the Prophets. Before Islam, Jews burned many Christians of Najran. In 453, Christians confiscated the property of non-Christians, and executed them by crucifixion, burning alive, or putting them to the beasts. The religious teachings of Hinduism call for harsh treatment of one's opponents to the point of burning them alive. Islam has declared human life, property, honor and dignity as respectable and ordered to give all human beings their basic rights. And in this regard, no distinction has been made between nation and religion.

Connecting Friendship, Peace and Social Justice

Friendship is often left out of the discussions about peace. Likewise social justice is not always included in debates around peace and conflict. Friendship can be considered as vital for justice or to be unfair and unjust. This Special Issue on Friendship, Peace and Social Justice contributes to making the connections between three overlapping concepts that are vital for living in a functioning and sustainable society/world. Topics considered include civic friendship, virtue friendship, social friendship, friendship treaties, cultures of peace, peace activism and resistance, peace and justice movements, environmental campaigns, community building, art collectives, dialogue, facilitative listening, Ubuntu, reconciliation and healing, relationship building, the role of social media and friendship, friendship, peace and psycho-social development. It is clear that there are cyclical connections where friendship is considered to be helpful/essential for social justice/peace; social justice movements create friendships; peaceful societies need friendship relations and also allow friendship relationships to blossom. Friendship can be instrumental, altruistic, practical, idealistic, ethical and a source of peace. It can also be seen as immoral and a source of conflict. Friendships can survive or be built in conflict or might dissolve and disintegrate. Of course it is complicated. Relationships for creating peace and social justice are. Friendship though needs to be explored as a means and an end of peaceful just living.

Sources of peace in East Asia: interdependence, institutions, and middle powers

For forty years, the East Asian regional order has delivered widespread peace and prosperity. That order faces possible upending by an economically and militarily more powerful China and a decreasingly robust and engaged United States. While accepting the possibility that such structural shifts could upend the regional order, this paper contends that three powerful counterweights are working to counter disruptive conflicts and to foster peaceful change, namely strong and rising economic interdependence, expanding institutionalization, and active preservation efforts by number of other Asian states, particularly the region’s middle powers. This article analyzes the contribution of these three forces to creating the existing order and to their roles in its continuation.

Special issue on the ‘sources of peace and peaceful change in East Asia’1

East Asia is usually associated with war and conflict. This applies to its historical past, as well as to the present post-Cold War period. In fact, this pessimism on the region has hardened with the worsening structural US-China competition since 2010. Challenging this prevailing view, this special issue argues that the concepts of peace and peaceful change are critical elements to explain East Asian regional dynamics in the post-Cold War period. It poses the following questions: (a) how could peace and peaceful change be analysed conceptually at the regional level?; (b) what type of peace and peaceful change notions are applicable to East Asia?; (c) what are the sources and mechanisms of regional peace in East Asia and its sub-regions and how have the sources and mechanisms changed over the post-Cold War period?; (d) how has the worsening US-China structural competition affected the prospects of peace in East Asia?; and (e) how do the middle powers, namely Japan, South Korea, Australia and Indonesia, contribute to peace and peaceful change in the region? The special issue is the first attempt to systematically apply the concepts of peace and peaceful change on East Asia. The articles identify the sources and mechanisms of peace and peaceful change, apply an eclectic conceptual approach that combines traditional and non-traditional IR theories; and assess the prospects of peace in East Asia in the context of the worsening structural tensions presented by the US-China competition.

Pytanie o pokój w myśli Gabriela Marcela

The main consideration of this analysis focuses on personalistic and existential thinking of Gabriel Marcel concerning the philosophical and ethical importance of peace. The aim of research is to present the inspiration from Gabriel Marcel’s thought for pedagogical reflection mutual relation between peace and education. The main research problem is analysis of the importance of the issue of peace that is present in the philosophy of Gabriel Marcel for reflection on personal development and education. The reflection process was conducted on the basis of an content analysis based in particular on Gabriel Marcel’s speech delivered on the occasion of the award Prix de la Pax granted by Union des Libraires allemands in 1964. The results of the analysis show that the source of peace is a genuine community between people. This spirit of community is manifested when each person finds in other person real existential qualities and values, when each person considers to be a value for the meaningfulness of its own being. We need an awareness of one’s own insufficience and a sense of humility makes real the role of the other for the self so that through interrelationship and intersubjectivity persons in actual situations promote availability and openness toward each other.

RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN THE RECITATION ACTIVITY OF MUSLIMAT NU: An Effort to Prevent Religious Extremism

The lives of religious people are often in the spotlight because of complex problems. Religion which is supposed to be the source of peace, causes chaos. Hence, the moderation values must be taught in religious life to create peace. This study aims to explain the efforts and contribution of Muslimat NU Durek Hamlet, Batu City in internalizing the religious moderation values to prevent religious extremism. This is a qualitative research with a case study approach. The data are collected using observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis technique includes data condensation, data display, conclusion drawing and verifying. The data are then verified using triangulation techniques. The results reveal that there are three efforts done by the Muslimat NU Durek Hamlet to internalize the religious moderation, namely oral method, exemplary, and monitoring. The values taught are balance, tolerance, deliberations, good prejudice and fair. Meanwhile, the contribution of religious moderation in preventing religious extremism is tolerance for differences, being friendly, polite, and doing deliberation.

Mountain Literature: Mount Everest in the eyes of the two Nepalese Climbers

This article looks at the Mountain Literature of Nepal, based on the writings of two Nepalese mountaineers of Mount Everest, Jamling Tenzing Norgay, and Lhakpa Phuti Sherpa. It presents their feelings, observations, and the challenges they faced while climbing up the peak.
 The Humans’ appetite for travelling, their spirit of adventure and exploration, and their desire to know and conquer the unknown have inspired many to climb the mountains. Though Mountaineering is a daring adventure, many climbers are attracted to it. The mountaineers try to test their courage and stamina. For that, they risk their lives in snow, bone-chilling avalanche, and sharp windy weather to reach the summit. They know that getting the pinnacle is not always easy, but it is worthwhile.
 The magic of Mount Everest attracts the attention of the mountaineers. Its beauty, mystery, and majesty make Nepal, a center of attraction. For all, the mountains are the abode of Gods and Goddesses. They are the sources of peace, happiness, power, faith, and enlightenment.
 The Mountaineering narratives have contributed much to the development of Nepalese mountain literature. It is a rich source of information, that is beneficial not only for the Mt. Everest climbers but also for the lover of mountains.

CHINA PAKSTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR, REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEPENDENCY; IMPLICATION FOR REGIONAL PEACE AND STABILITY

The politics of the area have long been dominated by realist, nationalistic, weapons race, and security-focused South Asian politics, with limited room for liberalism and solutions to regional and domestic problems. However, because of its economic dependence and multilateralism, CPEC, as a component of BRI, provides a pathway for modernisation in the region. The growth and extension of CPEC may result in economic expansion, regional development, peace, and prosperity. Many people think that CPEC would just benefit Pakistan and China, but in reality, it will have a significant influence on the social, political, and economic landscapes of South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East. Openness and inclusivity are necessary for CPEC to be a source of peace, prosperity, and a tool for conflict resolution.
 It is up against a lot of obstacles and adversaries. Nevertheless, it has the ability to accomplish its goals and build a stable, integrated community in the area. Instead of just countries, regions will reap its advantages. Economic interdependence, free commerce, mutual reconciliation, and cooperation will lead to peace and stability.
 As a result, it is anticipated that as the CPEC project continues to succeed in connecting Central Asia, a new era of regional peace and stability would usher in an improved climate for cooperation and conflict resolution.

О политике Турции по укреплению своего присутствия на северных территориях Сирии

Turkey is one of the most active participants of the Syrian conflict that broke out in 2011. Among the priorities proclaimed by Ankara is the preservation of security and stability on the long Turkish-Syrian frontier that are under a long-term threat posed by the Syrian offshoots of the Kurdi-stan Workers' Party (PKK) recognized by Ankara as a terrorist organization. The article attempts to review and analyze the steps taken by Ankara to socially and economically restore the territories where the Turkish army, together with the armed Syrian opposition, held operations Euphrates Shield, Olive Branch, and Source of Peace (2016–2019) and which, in actual fact, remain occupied. The author concludes that in the context of the ongoing Syrian conflict and uncertainty around the political process to resolve the situation in the country, Turkey is carrying out systematic, compre-hensive work to expand its influence in the Northern Syrian territories which is not always approved by the local population. Close historical and geographical ties between the peoples of the two states, a unifying factor of Islamic faith and Muslim values have become one of the prerequisite for Anka-ra's “successful” policy in the north of Syria.

Social harmony model for social conflict management in Central Java

Management of social conflict resolution can be conducted based on responsive management. The management was carried out when a conflict occurs. The conflict resolution can be managed with emergency assistance and social rehabilitation. The research objective was to develop a social harmony model based on a social conflict-prone map. The research locations were in areas prone to or potentially social conflict in 10 districts in Central Java. This research used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The data were collected through 4 techniques, namely desk research, focus group discussion, one-to-one in-depth interviews, and observation. The participants involved in collecting the field data were the Social Affairs Office, National Unity, Politics, and Community Protection Agency, local media, NGOs, community leaders, Sub regional Police, and District Military Command. The data collected included demographic data, conflict history, sources of conflict or potential conflicts, conflict actors, sources of peace, peace actors, and peacebuilding strategies. The analysis was conducted by compiling a database of potential conflict maps to design a social harmony model. The database from the data and information findings were then classified for mapping conflict-prone areas. In 2019, there were 62 conflict events in Central Java, with conflict intensity from moderate to low category. Based on the number of impacts caused by the conflict, 6 people died, and 11 public facilities were damaged. The causes of conflict were mostly social-psychological relationships between individuals or groups, understanding of values, and misunderstandings. If these were left unchecked and not anticipated early, it was feared to spark a bigger conflict. The social harmony model is manifested in the form of 1) maintaining peaceful conditions in a harmonious and tolerant society, 2) social harmony programs through a local wisdom approach, 3) conflict prevention and peacebuilding programs, and 4) creating various activities for communities that contain elements of togetherness.

The public-private distinction in the shadow of China: Uneven and combined development’s critique of liberal IR theory?

Social theories of International Relations (IR) are normally premised on a deep distinction between public and private spheres. Whether articulated as ‘capitalism’, ‘the market’, or ‘civil society’, all attribute some analytical priority to the private, with explanatory significance for the public sphere and therefore also central to the critique of realism in International Relations. Liberalism in particular sees the source of peace as a flourishing private sphere that narrows the scope of the otherwise violent, war-prone orientation of the public which defines states. However, we argue that this orientation is ill-equipped to grapple with the world-historical significance of the ‘Rise of China’ that is better understood instead as a form of industrialism not premised on the public/private distinction. This inapplicability of categories foundational to liberal IR theory leaves it unable to meaningfully engage the Rise of China debate. Using Uneven and Combined Development (U&CD), this paper elaborates industrialism as a pattern of state-led development in China that prioritises industrial capacity as an end over strictly private objectives (e.g. profits). Arising in substantial part from the exigencies of political multiplicity, industrialism seeks national unity and vindication of a distinct civilisational identity through the pragmatic means of industrial capacity under conditions of modernity. Whilst this argument partly echoes the developmental state literature, it goes further by visualising this across both the longue durée and the current conjuncture, right up to the much-discussed Belt and Road Initiative. Finally, the argument emphasises U&CD’s potential to originate a simultaneously non-liberal and non-realist account of the implications of China’s rise.

Reclaiming Jesus as source of peace in Luke 12:49–53 through the perspective of religious pluralism in an Indonesian context

The reality of religious pluralism such as that possessed by the Indonesian people could be an opportunity to knit a peaceful togetherness, or it could be a threat and a trigger for conflict. One threat to the diversity of religions stems from religious teachings that tend to be exclusive in nature by emphasising the justification of one’s own religion and viewing different religions as a challenge, even as the enemy. In the teachings of every religion, there are sacred texts, which, if read literally, can be texts of terror that give rise to permissive attitudes towards various acts of violence, hatred and hostility in the name of religion. This research aims to find the theological vision of the Gospel of Luke 12:49–53 and to explain its relevance in relation to the reality of religion and peace in the context of the pluralistic society in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative research methods through a literature study approach. The data analysis uses half of the historical criticism method, which starts from the translation of the text with our criticism of the sources behind the text, and then moves to an analysis of the historical context as the background of the text. Furthermore, exegesis is done to explore the meaning of Luke 12:49–53. Contribution: This article contributes to developing the contextual hermeneutics of the text Luke 12: 49–53 and reclaiming Jesus as the source of peace which inspires the peaceful relationship between religions in the context of religious pluralism such as in an Indonesian context.

MODAL KULTURAL KAKANTARAN TOMBULU : SAKO MELENG ULALAN LAMPANGAN

The contents of the traditional cultural include social resources and cultural capital. This writing is only limited to cultural capital. Cultural capital is a traditional capital, cultural value and norm also local wisdom used to empowered human life in order to make a peaceful and prosperous society. The paradigm of this research is in the form of qualitative research because in this study the form and meaning of the text of a song was explored, found, disclosed, and explained. The form is related to the structure of the text morphologically, whereas the meaning is related to the content that is understood as a value, norm, or local wisdom. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to describe 1) the morphological form of Kakantara Tombulu sa ko meleng ulalan lampangan, and 2) the contents or meanings related to values, norms, local wisdom in the song. Data collection is done by observation and interviews. The observers are the perpetrators of this oral tradition especially when they sing this song together (the atmosphere of joy displayed), and the listeners or connoisseurs of this tradition (passive audience). Interviews were carried out to informants who played an active role or as perpetrators of oral traditions. These observations and interviews were carried out in the city of Tomohon, precisely in the Kakaskasen area, which according to the writer’s observation they sing the songs in Tombulu language actively. The result of the study shows that the song of Sa ko meleng lampangan was the thanksgiving song of the ethnic Tombulu who had 1) the structure of the language morphologically morphophemis and has polymorphic morpheme. Thus, this morphological process (affixation and reduplication) forms a new meaning or reinforces the meaning as mentioned by the basic word; 2) Cultural capital can be seen in the form of cultural values and norms which are reflected through the values of faith, brotherhood, friendship, and sincerity implemented by the practitioners or connoisseurs of oral tradition which is bound by certain norms and has become the source of peace and prosperity as the core of local wisdom of the people of Tombulu.Keywords: cultural capital: values, norms, local wisdom

AGAMA UNTUK PERDAMAIAN BERDASARKAN INTERPRETASI LUKAS 12:49-53 DARI PERSPEKTIF TEOLOGI RELIGIONUM

Essentially, religion is a source of peace. In reality, there is fact that religion could become a source of conflict. The text of Luke 12: 49-53 contains one of Jesus' teachings that seems controversial. Here, Jesus says that His presence is not to bring peace, but contradiction and conflict. If the words of Jesus are understood literally it can provide legitimacy that religion is a source of conflict. This study qualitatively uses an interpretive approach to interpret and explore the meaning of Jesus' expression in the historical and theological context of the writing of the Gospel of Luke. In the interpretation, the writer found that what became the theological vision of the writer of the Gospel of Luke was to portray Jesus as a source of peace from God. Thus, this article ultimately aims to emphasize the essence of the presence of religion is to bring about peace.