Source Of Manipulation Research Articles

English Euphemisms as a Source of Manipulation on the Internet

Computer-mediated communication plays a prominent role in modern communication, often replacing face-to-face interactions. This shift leads to reduced levels of social interaction, resulting in impersonal exchanges. This article investigates euphemisms used online as a means to soften any potentially offensive or uncomfortable statements while still maintaining the overall context.

МЕМЫ КАК СРЕДСТВО ДЕКОНСТРУКЦИИ МАНИПУЛЯТИВНЫХ МЕДИА ПРИЕМОВ

The aim of the article is to examine meme-macros on the issues of manipulation in digital media, to carry out cognitive modeling of the Internet users’ ideas how the new media implement the manipulation of their consciousness, which techniques of influence attract the public attention and what conclusions they draw for themselves. Internet meme macros (151 items) - polycode text-combinations of a static picture and an inscription - were selected by the main query in the Google and Yandex search engines using the phrases “media manipulation memes”, “memes on media manipulation” and “manipulation in media memes”. Additionally, the paper takes into account the material from 165 Internet meme texts on the query “Facebook down memes” after the large-scale disruption of the social network Facebook and affiliated resources in October 2021, as well as 60 meme texts dedicated to the renaming of Facebook to Meta. Methodologically, the study is the identification of coordination patterns as manifestations of the results of collective comprehension and evaluation of significant events and phenomena. A functional-semantic analysis of the elements that make up the meme (iconic and verbal) is carried out, and their interaction is looked into, so that after meaningful interpretation the selected material could be divided into thematic groups according to what repeated patterns of argumentation are in the selected material and how they are marked by the specific use of linguistic and visual means. Thus, the set of the memes in question is analyzed to see how it concentrates and articulates the most important ideas of the audience as their collective creator about a particular problem. Thus, we think it possible to speak of at least four coordination patterns, however, being aware that this division is rather arbitrary, as they intersect. Nevertheless, it is theoretically possible to talk about 1) the basic understanding of the media as a source of manipulation that needs to be resisted and the three clarifying patterns of reasoning that manipulation is realized through 2) selectivity in the presentation of information; 3) verbal twisting; 4) playing on the emotions of the audience, causing users to lose money and personal data or to become involved in some activity against their will.

Shakespeare’in Antonius ve Kleopatrasında Antonius’un Trajik Çöküşü

Although there have been lots of debates about the reason of downfall of the great Roman general Antony, there is exactly one forefront reason in his destruction, it is Cleopatra herself. Her subversive power over Antony together with her manipulative and seductive power leads to the gradual breakdown of the male protagonist Antony and his destruction at the end. Thus, to understand the full aspect of his downfall as one of the triumvirs of the great Roman Empire, we have to know exactly, who Cleopatra is and what role her characteristics played in Antony’s downfall as a woman. Shakespeare’s Cleopatra even today regarded by some as the source of beauty and by some as the source of manipulation but the common point for most people; it would not be possible to describe her within the limited definitions of woman in patriarchal society and one would need more than these, at least, for Cleopatra. Regarding the different approaches and criticisms about the downfall of the protagonist Antony, my aim in this article is to show how Cleopatra as an outstanding female model in ancient ages led to the downfall of the male protagonist of Shakespeare’s play the great Roman general Antony by using her special feminine characteristics such as her beauty, her tempting words and speeches and also her seductive wiles against patriarchal assumptions that leads her to being condemned as a femme fatale. In this perspective, in the play of Shakespeare Cleopatra’s character is worth being analyzed whether she plays a submissive or a subversive role in the collapse of Antony.

Manipulation of Electronic Devices and Data in Dispensing Pumps

The sale of fuel through electronics controlled based Dispensing units in the retail outlets are the source of manipulation. The stake holders are customers and are directly affected by the unauthorized manipulation by the petroleum product selling units. The electronic devices are more prone for changing the original encrypted data or stored data as a program. The program stored in this device can be altered unauthenticated by external device attached to the original circuit’s boarders. The circuits board is build with the microcontroller based hardware that controls the outlet pipe by setting the control signal by the selling unit. This can be alter by changing the pulse which are used to modulate the information bits so that cheating the customer by alter the set control bit by deliver less or more through the dispensing unit. This research article focus on explore the possibilities to make the encryption method of control bits more robust than the present simple pulse modulation techniques.

Linguistic Patterns of Modality in UN Resolutions: The Role of Shall, Should, and May in Security Council Resolutions Relating to the Second Gulf War

This paper will discuss the role of modality in UN Security Council resolutions. As a work in progress on whether the use of strategic vagueness in UN resolutions has contributed to the outbreak of the second Gulf war, this work proposes a qualitative and quantitative analysis on the role of vagueness of the central modal verbs shall, should, and may in the institutional language of the UN, drawing upon Wodak’s Discourse-Historical Approach (Methods of critical discourse analysis. Sage Publications, London, 2001) and Jenkins (Modality in English syntax. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 1972), Gotti (Specialized discourse: linguistic features and changing conventions. Peter Lang, Bern, 2003), and Trosborg's (Rhetorical strategies in legal language: discourse analysis of statutes and contracts. Narr, Tubingen, 1997) theories on modality. Observing the semantic and linguistic values of these modals, the analysis investigates their double-faced strength: though they can be used to guarantee a wide degree of applicability of the resolutions, their subjective interpretability might become a source of manipulation and elusiveness, supporting a legislative intent of using vagueness as a political strategy.

“Weasel Words” in Legal and Diplomatic Discourse: Vague Nouns and Phrases in UN Resolutions Relating to the Second Gulf War

This study aims at investigating vagueness in Security Council Resolutions by focussing on a selection of nouns and phrases used as the main casus belli for the Second Gulf War. Analysing a corpus of Security Council Resolutions relating to the conflict, the study leads a qualitative and quantitative analysis drawing upon Mellinkoff’s (The language of the law. Little, Brown & Company, Boston, 1963) theories on “weasel words”, which are “words and expressions with a very flexible meaning, strictly dependent on context and interpretation”. Special attention is devoted to the historical/political consequences of such vague and indeterminate expressions. The findings indicate that excessive vagueness might have led to biased or even strategically-motivated interpretations of the Resolutions, triggering the Iraqi conflict instead of a diplomatic solution. The analysis of the “weasel words” used in the Resolutions suggests the double-faced strength of such expressions: though they can guaranteed a wide degree of applicability of the Resolutions, their subjective interpretability might become a source of manipulation and elusiveness, with the overall legislative intent of using intentional vagueness as a political strategy.

Research Perspectives on the Impact of Media on Children and Young Adults

This article in its theoretical as well as empirical part shows the research results which point to the fact that the new media change habits and values of young people and children. Under the spread of technical globalization patterns of behaviour, up-bringing, learning and preferences are being changed. Some research results point to the fact that the media are more and more turning into a source of manipulation and addiction, instead of being a source of information, education and entertainment. The phenomenon of the so called cyber space media culture is ever more present and carries multiple implications on consciousness and behaviour of young people and children. Communicational theoreticians, sociologists, media pedagogues and mediology experts agree with the thesis that social power is held by those who control information. Powerful corporations, using the media, are turning children into passive consumers, addicted to things and incapable to differentiate the authentic from the non-authentic reality. By erasing the boundaries between the real and the imagined these media become the means of ideology of seduction and, with the doctrine of radical moral relativism, turn homo sapiens-communicans into homo consumens, with especially negative implications of (such) media socialization on the up-bringing of children and young people.However, there are also positive examples listed in this dissertation concerning the use of new media in contemporary ways of learning and education. The article contains many research results and examples of disturbance of educational and communicational processes via entertainment industry, advertising fetishism, beauty cult, virtual reality etc.Media as the carriers of symbolic messages are the main analytical point in the empirical part of this work. This part of the article presents the research among 430 participants, among whom were 306 students of seventh and eighth grades, 92 parents and 42 teachers, from four primary schools in Zadar County and the County of Split-Dalmatia. The achieved results argue the given hypotheses through numerous indicators from the answers to the question of when and how the primary school children become the children of media. The analyses of the gained results converge with theoretical starting points of the article concerning the need to implement media education into school curriculum.

Why Are We a Third World Country?

Experts in Economic, Administrative, and Human Sciences in Colombian universities should ask themselves: Why are we a third world country? This concern should also affect the members of all professional disciplines, as it is compulsory to identify and understand the possible causes of this condition. And, in asking, the student must continue to inquire about the developmental delays, oppressive violence, limited education, sustained poverty and religious manipulation experienced by Colombian people since the country’s founding. It is also important to pay close attention to Colombia’s close neighbor, The United States of America, as it is also a young nation that started as a colony, yet it became a world power. By presenting 20 hypotheses developed over years of observation, this work challenges the reader to contemplate Colombia’s present socio-economic situation. It confronts all facets of established thought, with the intention of encouraging critical and objective reflection and constructive debate. Social researchers should verify these hypotheses to the scientific method and confirm or deny each of them with solid and constructive arguments. These hypotheses are interconnected and fundamentally based on one underlying deficiency: lack of quality education. Furthermore, this work looks at how the Establishment and the Catholic Church have used education as a source of manipulation and domination that has ultimately delayed knowledge and hindered development. The first ten hypotheses deal with deficient management and the local economy. They focus on strategic planning, essential ideology, teamwork, inventory planning, accounting, standard cost, research and development, the spirit to last and human resource management. The remaining hypotheses are related to social and cultural idiosyncrasies and focus on the impact associated with persistent greed, inversion of values, inherent corruption, business impermanence, corporate protectionism, fiscal evasion, and violence. This work does not have any pretension of being the solution. It seeks only to make a modest contribution in transforming Colombia into a more educated and competitive nation.