Source Of Innovation Research Articles

Maximizing hydrogen production through photovoltaic generator by using improved incremental conductance algorithm with proportional integral PI controller

Effectively storing energy for prolonged periods poses a primary challenge for renewable and innovative energy sources. This research focuses on two key objectives: first, converting photovoltaic (PV) voltage to the necessary level for electrolysis through a buck converter, and second, utilizing a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method to optimize the solar generator's efficiency. The simulation of the solar-driven buck converter for the electrolysis load was carried out using MATLAB/Simulink, integrating an Incremental Conductance (INC) MPPT algorithm with a PI controller for system optimization. The simulation results reveal the stabilization of both the generated power from the PV system and the load voltage. Significantly, the proposed system achieves an efficiency surpassing 90% under high irradiance levels.

Custom chromatic confocal microscope for surface profilometry

In this work, a surface profiling system is introduced, employing a custom-designed chromatic confocal (CC) distance sensor. Today’s commercial sensors based on the CC principle have a major drawback of effectively coupling light from the illumination source into the optical imaging system, mainly due to etendue mismatch. Consequently, a substantial amount of light is lost, significantly reducing the overall SNR of the system. This limitation restricts its applicability primarily to highly reflective surfaces. To address this issue, an etendue-matched optical system is proposed, that incorporates an innovative superluminescent light source. Through this approach, the system achieves 4 orders of magnitudes higher illumination intensity concentrated within the focus spot compared to existing devices in the current market.

Experimental study of dual-source heat pump coupled with water-cooled photovoltaic/thermal system

This paper presents a study on an innovative solar-air dual heat source heat pump coupled with a water-cooled photovoltaic/thermal system. The research investigated the real-time operation of solar electrical and thermal efficiency, as well as the coefficient of performance Field experimental platform construction and experimental testing were conducted. The experimental results show that when running the system in composite mode, the average electrical efficiency in the two phases was 16.79% and 18.33%, while the average collector efficiency reached 42.72% and 98.94%, respectively. Under typical autumn working conditions, the heat pump’s coefficient of performance with the fans off and on was 4.37 and 4.73 respectively on sunny days, and under cloudy day conditions, it reached 3.76 and 4.20 respectively. With the fans on, the average collector efficiency on a cloudy day increased by 3.34% compared with that without the fans, and the total average collector efficiency reached 310.5%. Compared with conventional single water-cooled photovoltaic/thermal systems or solar-assisted heat pump systems, the combination of these two systems, with the addition of both fins and fans which increased the heat transfer performance of the system and improved the stability and economy of the system’s operation, providing data to support the feasibility of a water-cooled photovoltaic/thermal coupled dual-source heat pump system.

A two-stage deep learning architecture for detection global coastal and offshore submesoscale ocean eddy using SDGSAT-1 multispectral imagery

Submesoscale ocean eddies are essential oceanic phenomenon that control and influence the ocean energy cascade. Most existing eddy detection methods rely on low-resolution satellite altimeter data, which fail to capture submesoscale ocean features and oceanographic phenomena in shallow water. Introducing high-resolution multispectral data can alleviate these problems, yet it has been largely overlooked. A generalized and efficient deep learning architecture that combines developments in deep learning with Sustainable Development Goals Science Satellite 1 (SDGSAT-1) multispectral data from earth observations offers a potential pathway for more fine detection of ocean eddies. Considering that oceanic eddy exhibits spatially sparse characteristics on high-resolution remote sensing scenes, the oceanic eddy detection (OED) model suitable for global coastal and offshore regions is divided into two stages: eddy information judgment and eddy position determination. Correspondingly, SDGSAT-1 multispectral data from November 2021 to December 2022 were carried out to construct two submesoscale eddy datasets for training and testing each stage model. The union validation of multiple metrics demonstrates that the proposed OED model and its stage models achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance, especially in optically complex coastal and offshore waters. We applied the model to real-world scenes captured by SDGSAT-1 in 2023, and found that the detected results were mainly located at the water depth below 200 m. The authenticity of the recognition results is validated using sea surface chlorophyll concentration, temperature, and topography data, indicating that the OED model has achieved remarkable effectiveness under various sea conditions. In addition, the temporal distributions and statistical characteristics of detected submesoscale eddies are analyzed over an extended period (November 2021 to November 2023). Finally, HISEA-2, Landsat-9, and Sentinel-2 served as testing grounds to validate the generalization of the proposed methodology, with experimental results demonstrating that the OED model possesses significant developmental potential for multi-source remote sensing data. This paper presents a comprehensive deep learning framework for the global-scale detection of submesoscale eddies and underscores the pivotal role of high-resolution multispectral imagery as an innovative data source for global coastal and offshore eddy identification.

Innovative talent agglomeration, spatial spillover effects and regional innovation performance-Analyzing the threshold effect of government support.

As the primary source of innovation in science and technology, the gathering of creative talent plays a significant role in fostering regional innovation and providing the impetus needed to realize the Chinese people's aspiration of a great national rejuvenation. Using panel data from 31 provinces over a 12-year period between 2009 and 2020, the spatial Durbin model is constructed to examine the spatial spillover impact of talent agglomeration on the advancement of regional innovation performance, and the panel threshold model is identified and set up to consider whether the nonlinear effect between talent agglomeration and regional achievements in innovation is significant. The analysis demonstrates that: talent pooling has a non-linear effect on the level of innovation performance development, within a certain scale, talent pooling produces an increasing marginal contribution to innovation performance, but after exceeding the limit, it produces a diminishing marginal contribution; the double threshold effect of talent pooling on regional innovation performance is more significant, and government support as a moderating variable confirms that there is a structural mutation between talent pooling and innovation capability. The structural mutation, within a certain threshold range, plays the role of efficient promotion, providing reference for improving regional innovation level.

Detection of low-energy electrons with transition-edge sensors

We present the detection of electrons with kinetic energy in the 100 eV range with transition-edge sensors (TESs). This has been achieved with a (100×100)-μm2 Ti/Au bilayer TES, with a critical temperature of about 84 mK. The electrons are produced directly in the cryostat by an innovative cold source based on field emission from vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes. We obtain a Gaussian energy resolution between 0.8 and 1.8 eV for fully absorbed electrons in the (90–101)eV energy range, which is found to be compatible with the resolution of this same device for photons in the same energy range. This work opens possibilities for high-precision energy measurements of low-energy electrons. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

A Pentahelix Model Approach: Creating Vilage Innovation Perception in Sokaraja Village Banyumas

The development of village innovation has become unsustainable, and the financial support provided by the government each year has become less effective in driving innovation. This study aims to identify the factors influencing village innovation development from the community’s perspective. The research was conducted in Sokaraja Village, Banyumas Regency, where two sub-tofu business group were selected: Tofu business group A, which has village assets, and Tofu business group B, which does not. Data was collected through a survey of 60 respondents, 30 from each tofu business group, chosen in collaboration with the village administration. The survey, conducted between January to May 2024, explored community perceptions using the Pentahelix model, which encompasses the roles of social institutions, government programs, market support, innovation sources, and communication media, across 22 indicators. Data was analyzed descriptively using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Although all aspects of the Pentahelix model play a vital role in fostering village innovation, several indicators still require performance improvement. Strengthening village-owned enterprises and empowering local economic institutions is crucial to enhancing innovation efforts, with the support of the village community and assistance from external stakeholders.

Political will as a source of policy innovation

AbstractIn an era of disruptive global challenges, from climate crises to pandemics, understanding the drivers of drastic policy innovation is paramount. This study defines drastic policy innovation as a significant shift in governmental priorities through policies untried by most jurisdictions in a country. While policy entrepreneurs are often credited with initiating change, this study argues that political will is essential for enacting and implementing such innovative policies. Political will is defined as the degree of commitment among key decision makers to enact and implement specific policies. It is characterized by three key components: authority (the power to enact and enforce policy), capacity (the resources to implement it effectively), and legitimacy (the perceived rightfulness of actions by stakeholders). Through the case of low‐carbon city experimentation in China, this study examines how political will drives the adoption and implementation of these policies. The findings reveal that a high level of political will is significantly linked to more drastically innovative policies being enacted and implemented and that when political will is institutionalized, implementation continues despite leadership turnover. These insights likely apply to other policy contexts and countries, regardless of regime type, albeit with some caveats.

Doctors as Device Manufacturers? Regulation of Clinician-Generated Innovation in the ICU.

Critical care physicians are rich sources of innovation, developing new diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment tools they deploy in clinical practice, including novel software-based tools. Many of these tools are validated and promise to actively help patients, but physicians may be unlikely to distribute, implement, or share them with other centers noncommercially because of unsettled ethical, regulatory, or medicolegal concerns. This Viewpoint explores the potential barriers and risks critical care physicians face in disseminating device-related innovations for noncommercial purposes and proposes a framework for risk-based evaluation to foster clear pathways to safeguard equitable patient access and responsible implementation of clinician-generated technological innovations in critical care.

Identification of Multifunctional Putative Bioactive Peptides in the Insect Model Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus)

Innate immunity, the body’s initial defense against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, heavily depends on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are small molecules produced by all living organisms. Insects, with their vast biodiversity, are one of the most abundant and innovative sources of AMPs. In this study, AMPs from the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a known invasive pest of palm species, were examined. The AMPs were identified in the transcriptomes from different body parts of male and female adults, under different experimental conditions, including specimens collected from the field and those reared in the laboratory. The RPW transcriptomes were examined to predict antimicrobial activity, and all sequences putatively encoding AMPs were analyzed using several machine learning algorithms available in the CAMPR3 database. Additionally, anticancer, antiviral, and antifungal activity of the peptides were predicted using iACP, AVPpred, and Antifp server tools, respectively. Physicochemical parameters were assessed using the Antimicrobial Peptide Database Calculator and Predictor. From these analyses, 198 putatively active peptides were identified, which can be tested in future studies to validate the in silico predictions. Genome-wide analysis revealed that several AMPs have predominantly emerged through gene duplication. Noticeably, we detect a newly originated defensin allele from an ancestral defensin via the deletion of two amino acids following gene duplication in RPW, which may confer an enhanced resilience to microbial infection. Our study shed light on AMP gene families and shows that high duplication and deletion rates are essential to achieve a diversity of antimicrobial mechanisms; hence, we propose the RPW AMPs as a model for exploring gene duplication and functional variations against microbial infection.

Socio-psychological Paradigms and Economic Metrics of the Beneficiary Farmers of Centrally Sponsored Agricultural Schemes: A Comprehensive Evaluation of PKVY, PMKSY and SHC in Maharashtra

The present study focused on assessing the socio-psychological constructs and economic variables of beneficiaries of centrally sponsored agricultural schemes namely Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY), Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY), and the Soil Health Card Scheme (SHC). An ex post facto research design was employed in the present study. Amravati and Buldhana districts in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra was selected for the study. For the proposed study 60 beneficiary farmers were selected from Amravati districts and 60 beneficiary farmers were selected from Buldhana districts for each scheme. Thus, for the three schemes, a total of 360 beneficiary farmers were selected from seven selected talukas of two districts of Vidarbha for three schemes. Majority of the middle aged respondents (61.11%) having secondary school level of education (39.44%) received low level of training (59.00%), but PKVY beneficiaries received high level of training (73.33%). Majority of the overall respondents had small land holdings (40.28%) with 1.01 to 1.50 ha. of irrigation potential (41.39%) having biseasonal cropping system (96.94%). Beneficiary farmers had sound financial background with 35.83 per cent of PKVY respondents with annual income in the range of Rs. 2,07,901 to 3,35,301/-, 56.67 per cent of PMKSY respondents in an annual income range of Rs. 2,86,962 to Rs. 4,77,753/-, and 40.83 per cent of SHC respondents in the range of Rs. 2,10,101 to 3,29,701/- annual income respectively. In overall beneficiaries of centrally sponsored agricultural schemes, 63.89 per cent of the respondents had medium level of social participation, source of information (65.00%), innovativeness (58.33%), economic motivation (47.50 %) and benefits accrued (43.06%). The study revealed lower participation of older farmers, indicating a need for targeted outreach and simplified training. Educated farmers benefited more, suggesting their role in promoting new technologies. Local information sources, like friends and relatives, were crucial, emphasizing the need for Gram Sabhas and exhibitions to improve awareness and participation.

Hybrid Silica Cage-Type Nanostructures Made from Triply Hydrophilic Block Copolymers Single Micelles.

Controlling the structure and functionality of porous silica nanoparticles has been a continuous source of innovation with important potential for advanced biomedical applications. Their synthesis, however, usually involves passive surfactants or amphiphilic copolymers that do not add value to the material after synthesis. In contrast, polyion complex (PIC) micelles based on hydrophilic block copolymers allow for the direct synthesis of intrinsically functional hybrid materials. While most previous studies have focused on bulk materials made from double-hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBC), in this work we have synthesized a triple-hydrophilic block copolymer (THBC) and demonstrated both its PIC micellization and its potential for hybrid mesoporous silica nanomaterials. Introducing this THBC has allowed to direct the transition from bulk three-dimensional (3D) materials to zero-dimensional (0D) nanomaterials with cage-type structures. The stabilization and isolation of these nanostructures formed around discrete individual micelles has been made possible by the careful design of the three different blocks that each play a key role. These nanostructures could also be synthesized from hybrid PIC micelles based on THBC-multivalent metal ions complexes, offering a direct route to metal/silica composite nanoparticles. This class of THBC polymers therefore creates significant opportunities for the synthesis of nanostructures with complex and functional architectures.

9269 Retrotranscribed sequences, a missing piece in the puzzle of Differences/Disorders of Sex Development with unknown genetic causes

Abstract Disclosure: R.L. Batista: None. N.D. D’Alessandre: None. F.O. Rego: None. G.D. Guardia: None. B. Leitao Braga: None. M.Y. Nishi: None. S. Domenice: None. B.B. Mendonca: None. P.A. Galante: None. Background: The human genome is a complex and dynamic structure. These two characteristics have a major contribution from the Mobile Elements (MEs), which comprise at least 50% of the human genome and are sources of genetic novelties. LINE1 (L1), Alu elements, SVA, and LTR elements (HERVs) are MEs highly frequent in the human genome. MEs can create genomic structural variations with consequent roles in health and diseases. Differences of sex development (DSD) are a heterogeneous group of congenital conditions that result in discordance between an individual’s sex chromosomes, gonads, or anatomic sex. DSDs are caused by genomic variations in genes involved in gonadal or genital development.Objective: We comprehensively examine the potential contributions of MEs as a source of genetic novelties in genes related to sexual development and in the etiology of 46,XY DSD. Subjects and methods: First, we investigate the potential role of fixed MEs, including L1, Alu elements, and retroCNVs, present in DSD genes using whole exome sequencing (WES) data. By applying bioinformatics tools and appropriate pipelines, we parallelly analyzed local WES data from 443 individuals from our lab and a public database (GnomAD). Second, we seek unfixed (polymorphic or somatically acquired) MEs in WES data from a cohort of 41 unrelated DSD patients with undetermined molecular etiology. We found 2,408 L1 elements, 3,587 Alu elements, and 14 SVAs inserted in 75 out of 81 DSD-related genes (92.6%) of the DSD genes. When examining by element class, we identified 3,587 fixed Alus that affected over 70 DSD genes, resulting in an average of approximately 47 Alu element insertions per gene. For L1 elements, 2,408 fixed elements were found in about 60 genes (∼37 insertions per gene). Subsequently, the number of fixed elements identified in SVAs (n=14) and HERVKs (n=8) decreased significantly. Among these insertions, seven genes were identified harboring one retrocopy each and four genes with two or more retrocopies each. In total, we found 19 retrocopies in 11 DSD genes. That massive presence of mobile elements in DSD genes may suggest an evolutionary contribution of MEs incorporation through evolution in human sexual development. Regarding non-fixed elements, we found two polymorphic events: an L1 insertion into WT1 and an Alu insertion into GTF2F1, two key genes to the DSD development. We also found an L1 insertion in the DNAH2 gene (related to spermatogenic failure and male infertility) and an Alu insertion in the TEX15 gene (related to male infertility in mice). Interestingly, we also identified one somatically acquired retroCNV event in a non-classical DSD gene (CHST8). In summary, our study underscores the significance of MEs as potential sources of genetic innovation in human sexual development and as molecular etiologies of DSD. Presentation: 6/1/2024

9269 Retrotranscribed sequences, a missing piece in the puzzle of Differences/Disorders of Sex Development with unknown genetic causes

Abstract Disclosure: R.L. Batista: None. N.D. D’Alessandre: None. F.O. Rego: None. G.D. Guardia: None. B. Leitao Braga: None. M.Y. Nishi: None. S. Domenice: None. B.B. Mendonca: None. P.A. Galante: None. Background: The human genome is a complex and dynamic structure. These two characteristics have a major contribution from the Mobile Elements (MEs), which comprise at least 50% of the human genome and are sources of genetic novelties. LINE1 (L1), Alu elements, SVA, and LTR elements (HERVs) are MEs highly frequent in the human genome. MEs can create genomic structural variations with consequent roles in health and diseases. Differences of sex development (DSD) are a heterogeneous group of congenital conditions that result in discordance between an individual’s sex chromosomes, gonads, or anatomic sex. DSDs are caused by genomic variations in genes involved in gonadal or genital development.Objective: We comprehensively examine the potential contributions of MEs as a source of genetic novelties in genes related to sexual development and in the etiology of 46,XY DSD. Subjects and methods: First, we investigate the potential role of fixed MEs, including L1, Alu elements, and retroCNVs, present in DSD genes using whole exome sequencing (WES) data. By applying bioinformatics tools and appropriate pipelines, we parallelly analyzed local WES data from 443 individuals from our lab and a public database (GnomAD). Second, we seek unfixed (polymorphic or somatically acquired) MEs in WES data from a cohort of 41 unrelated DSD patients with undetermined molecular etiology. We found 2,408 L1 elements, 3,587 Alu elements, and 14 SVAs inserted in 75 out of 81 DSD-related genes (92.6%) of the DSD genes. When examining by element class, we identified 3,587 fixed Alus that affected over 70 DSD genes, resulting in an average of approximately 47 Alu element insertions per gene. For L1 elements, 2,408 fixed elements were found in about 60 genes (∼37 insertions per gene). Subsequently, the number of fixed elements identified in SVAs (n=14) and HERVKs (n=8) decreased significantly. Among these insertions, seven genes were identified harboring one retrocopy each and four genes with two or more retrocopies each. In total, we found 19 retrocopies in 11 DSD genes. That massive presence of mobile elements in DSD genes may suggest an evolutionary contribution of MEs incorporation through evolution in human sexual development. Regarding non-fixed elements, we found two polymorphic events: an L1 insertion into WT1 and an Alu insertion into GTF2F1, two key genes to the DSD development. We also found an L1 insertion in the DNAH2 gene (related to spermatogenic failure and male infertility) and an Alu insertion in the TEX15 gene (related to male infertility in mice). Interestingly, we also identified one somatically acquired retroCNV event in a non-classical DSD gene (CHST8). In summary, our study underscores the significance of MEs as potential sources of genetic innovation in human sexual development and as molecular etiologies of DSD. Presentation: 6/1/2024

8703 Retrotranscribed sequences, a missing piece in the puzzle of Differences/Disorders of Sex Development with unknown genetic causes

Abstract Disclosure: R.L. Batista: None. N.D. D’Alessandre: None. F.O. Rego: None. G.D. Guardia: None. B. Leitao Braga: None. M.Y. Nishi: None. S. Domenice: None. B.B. Mendonca: None. P.A. Galante: None. Background: The human genome is a complex and dynamic structure. These two characteristics have a major contribution from the Mobile Elements (MEs), which comprise at least 50% of the human genome and are sources of genetic novelties. LINE1 (L1), Alu elements, SVA, and LTR elements (HERVs) are MEs highly frequent in the human genome. MEs can create genomic structural variations with consequent roles in health and diseases. Differences of sex development (DSD) are a heterogeneous group of congenital conditions that result in discordance between an individual’s sex chromosomes, gonads, or anatomic sex. DSDs are caused by genomic variations in genes involved in gonadal or genital development.Objective: We comprehensively examine the potential contributions of MEs as a source of genetic novelties in genes related to sexual development and in the etiology of 46,XY DSD. Subjects and methods: First, we investigate the potential role of fixed MEs, including L1, Alu elements, and retroCNVs, present in DSD genes using whole exome sequencing (WES) data. By applying bioinformatics tools and appropriate pipelines, we parallelly analyzed local WES data from 443 individuals from our lab and a public database (GnomAD). Second, we seek unfixed (polymorphic or somatically acquired) MEs in WES data from a cohort of 41 unrelated DSD patients with undetermined molecular etiology. We found 2,408 L1 elements, 3,587 Alu elements, and 14 SVAs inserted in 75 out of 81 DSD-related genes (92.6%) of the DSD genes. When examining by element class, we identified 3,587 fixed Alus that affected over 70 DSD genes, resulting in an average of approximately 47 Alu element insertions per gene. For L1 elements, 2,408 fixed elements were found in about 60 genes (∼37 insertions per gene). Subsequently, the number of fixed elements identified in SVAs (n=14) and HERVKs (n=8) decreased significantly. Among these insertions, seven genes were identified harboring one retrocopy each and four genes with two or more retrocopies each. In total, we found 19 retrocopies in 11 DSD genes. That massive presence of mobile elements in DSD genes may suggest an evolutionary contribution of MEs incorporation through evolution in human sexual development.Regarding non-fixed elements, we found two polymorphic events: an L1 insertion into WT1 and an Alu insertion into GTF2F1, two key genes to the DSD development. We also found an L1 insertion in the DNAH2 gene (related to spermatogenic failure and male infertility) and an Alu insertion in the TEX15 gene (related to male infertility in mice). Interestingly, we also identified one somatically acquired retroCNV event in a non-classical DSD gene (CHST8). In summary, our study underscores the significance of MEs as potential sources of genetic innovation in human sexual development and as molecular etiologies of DSD. Presentation: 6/1/2024

8703 Retrotranscribed sequences, a missing piece in the puzzle of Differences/Disorders of Sex Development with unknown genetic causes

Abstract Disclosure: R.L. Batista: None. N.D. D’Alessandre: None. F.O. Rego: None. G.D. Guardia: None. B. Leitao Braga: None. M.Y. Nishi: None. S. Domenice: None. B.B. Mendonca: None. P.A. Galante: None. Background: The human genome is a complex and dynamic structure. These two characteristics have a major contribution from the Mobile Elements (MEs), which comprise at least 50% of the human genome and are sources of genetic novelties. LINE1 (L1), Alu elements, SVA, and LTR elements (HERVs) are MEs highly frequent in the human genome. MEs can create genomic structural variations with consequent roles in health and diseases. Differences of sex development (DSD) are a heterogeneous group of congenital conditions that result in discordance between an individual’s sex chromosomes, gonads, or anatomic sex. DSDs are caused by genomic variations in genes involved in gonadal or genital development.Objective: We comprehensively examine the potential contributions of MEs as a source of genetic novelties in genes related to sexual development and in the etiology of 46,XY DSD. Subjects and methods: First, we investigate the potential role of fixed MEs, including L1, Alu elements, and retroCNVs, present in DSD genes using whole exome sequencing (WES) data. By applying bioinformatics tools and appropriate pipelines, we parallelly analyzed local WES data from 443 individuals from our lab and a public database (GnomAD). Second, we seek unfixed (polymorphic or somatically acquired) MEs in WES data from a cohort of 41 unrelated DSD patients with undetermined molecular etiology. We found 2,408 L1 elements, 3,587 Alu elements, and 14 SVAs inserted in 75 out of 81 DSD-related genes (92.6%) of the DSD genes. When examining by element class, we identified 3,587 fixed Alus that affected over 70 DSD genes, resulting in an average of approximately 47 Alu element insertions per gene. For L1 elements, 2,408 fixed elements were found in about 60 genes (∼37 insertions per gene). Subsequently, the number of fixed elements identified in SVAs (n=14) and HERVKs (n=8) decreased significantly. Among these insertions, seven genes were identified harboring one retrocopy each and four genes with two or more retrocopies each. In total, we found 19 retrocopies in 11 DSD genes. That massive presence of mobile elements in DSD genes may suggest an evolutionary contribution of MEs incorporation through evolution in human sexual development.Regarding non-fixed elements, we found two polymorphic events: an L1 insertion into WT1 and an Alu insertion into GTF2F1, two key genes to the DSD development. We also found an L1 insertion in the DNAH2 gene (related to spermatogenic failure and male infertility) and an Alu insertion in the TEX15 gene (related to male infertility in mice). Interestingly, we also identified one somatically acquired retroCNV event in a non-classical DSD gene (CHST8). In summary, our study underscores the significance of MEs as potential sources of genetic innovation in human sexual development and as molecular etiologies of DSD. Presentation: 6/1/2024

An integrative review of challenges and strategies in the work of cultural entrepreneurs

The growing recognition of the importance of cultural and creative sectors as sources of creativity and innovation has put emphasis on the development of entrepreneurs within this field. Cultural entrepreneurs are often described as being driven by artistic, rather than entrepreneurial, ambitions, where value creation is based on unique expressions, requiring them to engage in continuous innovation to sustain their activities, as well as facing challenging conditions. However, more understanding is needed on the work of these entrepreneurs and how they deal with challenges. The purpose of this paper is thus to explore the work of cultural entrepreneurs by integrating the current understanding of its challenges and strategies. Through reviewing empirical articles focusing on entrepreneurs in these industries and analyzing how the activities of entrepreneurs are described, we argue that the academic conversation around these entrepreneurs revolves around broad questions: who they are, what they have and where they are. These questions constitute three domains of entrepreneurial activity. We outline the challenges and strategies of cultural entrepreneurs and discuss the dynamics in the interplay between challenges and strategies within and across these domains. In highlighting the interplay between challenges and strategies, we advance the knowledge of entrepreneurship in the cultural and creative sectors and provide avenues for further research.

Energy Transition Analysis and Climate Action Strategy in the Power Sector: A Case Study of the Java-Bali System

Abstract The transformation of societies over time has led to a marked shift in energy consumption patterns. In the face of rapid industrial growth and a burgeoning population, Indonesia confronts the multifaceted challenge of achieving a balance among energy trilemma: energy security, economic affordability, and environmental sustainability. This study assesses the feasibility of low-carbon energy systems in Indonesia, evaluating current policies and proposing a roadmap for net-zero emissions. Utilizing the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) and the Next Energy Modeling System for Optimization (NEMO), the study explores multiple scenarios—namely, Business-as-Usual (BAU), Carbon Capture and Storage Mitigation (CCSM), and New and Renewable Energy Mitigation (NREM). Of these, the NREM scenario, emphasizing the integration of innovative and renewable energy sources, achieves the most substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining economic viability. This strategy advocates for the comprehensive adoption of new and renewable energy, aiming to approximate zero emissions by 2060. The peak direct cost of production for this scenario is estimated at $270.8 billion. However, each scenario presents its own set of technological, economic, and policy-related challenges, necessitating strategic solutions for a successful transition to sustainable energy systems.

Fabrication of CNC-AC bionanosorbents from the residual mass of Magnolia champaca l. Bark after methanol extraction for wastewater treatment: Continuous column adsorption study

In this current study, a new class of multifunctional biobased ecofriendly nanosorbents namely crystalline nanocellulose-activated char (CNC-AC) nanosorbents were fabricated by employing a much more innovative and beneficial solvent evaporation induced phase separation (EIPS) technique. While the crystalline nanocellulose (CNC) were extracted from a very much new, innovative, and beneficial agrowaste source namely banana tree (M. oranta) rachis fibers by conducting a series of chemical treatments like scouring, alkali treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis reactions. Additionally, the biochar were synthesized from the residual mass of Magnolia champaca L. barks after methanol extraction and functionalized by 30 % H3PO4 to improve their overall properties. Besides these the fixed-bed continuous column adsorption study were carried out by optimizing the various influential factors such as preliminary concentration and flow rates of the inlet wastewater solution, along with the nanosorbent bed heights into the applied column. For better understanding the overall physicochemical, thermomechanical, and morphostructural behavior of the newly fabricated polyfunctional CNC-AC bionanosorbents the samples were characterized by conducting FTIR-ATR, FESEM, BET, XRD, TGA analysis. Meanwhile the treated and nontreated water specimens were examined by conducting AAS and UV–vis-NIR techniques. The obtained results recommended that the newly produced CNC-AC nanosorbents have contained a quite number of active edges/binding sites along with substantial sp. surface area (around 316.95 m2/g). Additionally, they possessed a crystallinity index about 59.98 ± 0.027 %, greater thermal steadiness up to 600 °C, and outstanding 2D honeycomb-like mesoporous peripheral surface microstructure with a promising spherical shapes and smaller size nearly 5–10 nm. The highest removal capacity were found at 538.91 mg/g and 455.70 mg/g for Pb2+ and CR respectively. Additionally, for better understanding the experimental breakthrough curves (BTC) were evaluated by several well established column models while the maximum R2 value was found around 0.999 for the Thomas model and reduced chi squire (χ2) value was around 0.0001.

Collaborations as a Source of Innovations and Strengthening Social Performance in Nonprofit Organization Settings: The Case of Museums

ABSTRACT The research focuses on exploring the role of collaborations in the functioning of such nonprofit organizations as museums. In this vein, we traced the impact of collaborations on both innovations (technological, product) and social performance applying the museum sector as an example. The data were collected from an online survey of museum directors (n = 197). Employing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and the Hayes process macro, our analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between collaborative orientation and the development of both product and technological innovations. Furthermore, both types of innovation positively contribute to social performance. Nevertheless, we found that only product innovation serves as a mediator of the relationship between collaborative orientation and social performance. This research highlights the importance of fostering collaborative partnerships for museums seeking to innovate and achieve their social goals.