Source Of Foreign Exchange Earnings Research Articles

Rents, the moral economy of remittances, and the rise of a new transnational development model

World remittances accounted for 714 billion $US in 2018 of which 550bn $US flew to the Global South. In today’s Global South, remittances are a major source of foreign exchange earnings. Remittances increasingly question the notion of the Global South as a commodity and raw material exporter. This article integrates remittances into rent theory. It argues for a broader understanding of rents and uses the explanatory power of rent theory. Conceptually, the article differentiates between sources of rent and their mode of appropriation. The article situates the causes for remittances both on a macro structural level in uneven global development and resulting inequalities as well as on the micro level within translocal moral economies between potential remittance senders in migratory host economies and their home economies. Remittances originate in global inequalities and the transnationalization of labor markets. Remittances are mediated through currency exchange rates, but remittances are negotiated within translocal moral economies. The article proposes to conceptualize remittances as labor differential rents. These rents give rise to a new transnational development model and an increasing number of economies specialize on remittances for their own social reproduction. Finally, the article points to the peculiarities of this development model: remittance-rents indirectly stabilize elite rule and shift political accountabilities from the political system to within transnational families. With the analysis of remittances, the article adds new structural economic mechanisms and institutional modes of rent appropriation that rent theory has thus far neglected.

Performane and Competitiveness of Indonesian Nutmeg in Export Market

Export is one source of foreign exchange earnings for the country. This study analyzes the competitiveness of Indonesian nutmeg in the world market. Measurement of competitiveness was conducted by looking at the comparative and competitive advantages nutmeg products in each of the main markets for export and comparison with competitors. The analytical method uses Revealed Comparative Advance (RCA) and Export Product Dynamic (EPD) in the period 2014-2018. The competitiveness analysis results show that nutmeg and nutmeg powder products have competitiveness in all export destination markets. Competitor countries, namely India, do not have competitiveness in the Dutch and Japanese markets. The nutmeg commodity has a competitive advantage with the trend and the share of exports that are still growing (fast-growing). However, nutmeg powder is no longer competitive in the export destination market. Active efforts to find new markets through market diversification while maintaining existing markets can be an option to increase Indonesian nutmeg exports.

Audit in ensuring the effectiveness of tourism management

Due to the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, the losses of the tourism industry in Ukraine in 2020 are estimated at more than 1.5 billion dollars. USA. The current situation requires an adequate response from the government and business, which leads to an increased need for the use of scientific tools to justify the options for optimal economic development and relevant management decisions. Under such conditions, the key to sustainable development of the tourism industry should be the maximum use of management tools: management accounting, analysis and audit, implemented in the concept of their effective interaction. The aim of the article is to improve the theoretical and praxeological principles of management accounting, analysis and audit in the tourism management system, by developing the concept of their synergy and substantiation of prospects for implementation as a key imperative for sustainable development of the tourism industry. The economic and social significance of tourism in modern conditions is determined by the fact that the tourism business contributes to economic development, developing related industries, promotes employment, growth of gross domestic product, is a significant source of foreign exchange earnings. Experts from the World Tourism Organization emphasize the historical sustainability of tourism and its ability to create jobs after crises, and emphasize the importance of international cooperation and ensuring that the sector becomes a central part of the recovery effort after the coronavirus pandemic. To increase the efficiency of the tourism industry, as an imperative for sustainable development of the national economy, it is advisable to use such management system tools as management accounting, analysis and audit, implemented in the concept of effective interaction. The article identifies the place of a separate concept in the formation of the paradigm of management accounting, analysis and audit. One of the concepts that contributes to the modern audit paradigm is the concept of synergy between internal and external audit proposed in this study. A qualitative feature of the proposed concept is the two-vector direction of its action, as it is aimed at meeting the needs of internal and external users of information, which fundamentally distinguishes it from other concepts of audit. The proposed scheme of management of the tourist enterprise on the basis of interaction of administrative accounting, business analysis and audit will promote their practical realization in activity of the subject of tourist business. One of the concepts that contributes to the modern audit paradigm was the concept of synergy of internal and external audit proposed in this study. A qualitative featureof the proposed concept is the two-vector direction of its action, as it is aimed at meeting the needs of internal and external users of information, which fundamentally distinguishes it from other concepts of audit. The practical implementation of the interaction of management accounting tools, business analysis and audit at the micro level will also be facilitated by the developed scheme of tourism enterprise management based on the interaction of management accounting, business analysis and audit.

Economic Vulnerabilities and Livelihoods: Impact of COVID‐19 in Fiji and Vanuatu

Economic Vulnerabilities and Livelihoods: Impact of <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 in Fiji and Vanuatu

Sesame as a potential cash crop: an alternative source of foreign exchange earnings for Nigeria

Despite the high demand for sesame for both local and industrial consumption both at home and abroad, this potential money-spinning cash crop commodity is almost an orphan crop in a country (Nigeria) that is facing economic crises owing to dwindling price of the mono-economy which it solely depends on for economic survival. The yarning of the present government for an alternative source of foreign earnings viz. cash crops motivated this research with the aim of advising policymakers to take the advantage of this money-spinning cash crop and unearth its’ potential in order to bridge its’ wide-gap foreign exchange earning deficit. Dated data sourced from FAO database for a spanned period of 56 years (1961-2017) covering production, area, yield and producer prices were used. The collected data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics with the aim of coming-up with valid inferences. The inferential statistics used were Growth model, Instability index, Instantaneous decomposition model, Hazell’s decomposition model, Koyck’s distributed lag model and ARIMA model. The empirical evidence showed that the performance of the sesame economy has not been impressive throughout the policy regime periods witnessed by the economy which owed to poor institutional supports by the policymakers which invariably affected the viability of this cash crop sub-sector, thus causing the country colossal revenue loss from foreign exchange earnings which run into millions of dollars as their exist potential readily available market for sesame products. Furthermore, the performance of the country’s sesame production even in the next decade ahead will not be impressive if the internal sesame supply chain will be largely determined by the market forces as the current sesame market is been strangled by market imperfection owing to sharp market practices perpetuated by the middlemen in the supply chain. Therefore, the study recommends the need for provision of adequate institutional incentive supports by the major stakeholders in order to make the sesame sub-sector a potential foreign exchange earning which will serve as one of the viable potential alternatives to fossil fuel earning which is dwindle due to gradual paradigm shift from fossil fuel energy to green energy and the use of black gold (crude oil) as an instrument for political tango among the superpower blocks in the world.

Savings and Migration Capital of Households: World Experience and Domestic Realities

Summary Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the paper is the formation of household savings in Ukraine and their sources of aggregate household incomes, with particular attention to the Ukrainian labor migration. It is an important source of foreign exchange earnings in the form of remittances, which help improve the welfare of population and ensure economic growth in the country. The purpose of the paper is to research and determine major trends of the development of households’ financial resources, to examine the foreign experience of forming and use of residents’ savings and to determine the ways it can be applied in Ukraine, and to analyze the main trends of state policy in the regulation of labor migrants’ remittances. Materials and methods: The author of this paper analyzed the literature on the subject and performed desk research using data from reports and studies published by EU statistics (Euro stat Statistics) and GUS (Statistics Poland), statistical yearbooks of Europe; WDR reports (Global Financial Development Report 2019/2020) and NBU (Official website of the National Bank of Ukraine). Results: The author’s research has shown that the process of saving is quite popular for European people is quite popular. Accordingly, in 2019, the residents of Poland, Hungary and Romania were the most frugal – 82%, 84% and 85%. Further attitudes towards savings are the following: Turks (77%), Ukrainians (76%), Croats (75%), Serbs (72%), Germans (73%), while savings are slightly less important for Austrians (70%), Slovaks (67%), Czechs (66%), and Montenegrins (59%). This savings situation has clearly demonstrated the power of effective household decisions for overall political and economic activity in Europe. Finally, the migration capital of Ukraine has a “shadow character” due to, first of all, the desire to minimize the costs of transferring funds home through official channels, as well as distrust of the banking sector in Ukraine. Conclusions: To increase the efficiency of the formation and use of household savings in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase the interest of citizens in savings by partially or completely exempting from taxation the income directed to accumulation and create the conditions necessary for the implementation of new banking, insurance, and other types of financial services.

Foreign Tourists' Revisit Intention Approach Applied in the Indian Tourism Market

The tourism market is one of the largest sources of foreign exchange earnings for many countries in the world, including India. The travel &amp; tourism market contributed around 10.4% to world GDP and 10% to total employment. The tourism sector contributed about 9% to total GDP in India in 2018. Tourists are the consumers in the tourism market and broadly, they are divided into domestic and foreign tourists. In the tourism market, foreign tourists’ attraction is more important than the domestic tourists. The flow of foreign tourists into the country can help to earn valuable foreign exchange earnings. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the factors which influence the foreign tourists’ revisit intention with specific reference to heritage tourist destinations. The study focused on the examination of the relationship between tourism attributes (tourism accessibility, accommodation, attraction, core heritage tourism experience) and foreign tourists’ revisit intention. A total of 289 responses were collected using a close-ended questionnaire. The data were examined with the help of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling using AMOS software. The results unveiled that all the identified tourism attributes had a constructive relation with foreign tourists’ satisfaction and revisit intention. Besides the results, theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and suggestions were also discussed.

Studies on integrated crop-livestock farming systems: A strategy for dry land and conservation agriculture

Agricultural sector is regarded as the key component of the economies of many developing nations, including India. Globally, agriculture accounts for a large share of GDP, it employs a significant proportion of the labour force, represents a major source of foreign exchange earnings, supplies bulk of basic food and provides subsistence and other income to the agriculture dependant growing population in the world. However, the country is facing decline in growth in agriculture relative to other sectors. The agricultural sector grew at a rate of 2.7%, relative to about 10% growth in both the service and industry sector, in the recent times. Agricultural incomes are lower and the rate of growth is slower than incomes in other sectors. This has resulted in persistence of unacceptable levels of hunger, poverty and malnutrition among large section of India’s population. The strong linkages that agriculture has with other economic sectors representing both forward and backward linkages provide significant stimulus for growth and income generation. It is therefore obvious that significant progress in promoting economic growth, reducing poverty and enhancing food security cannot be achieved without developing a sound, effective and vibrant agriculture system that pays concurrent attention to the human potential and productive capacity of the agriculture sector. These in turn will ensure enhanced contribution of agriculture to the overall economic and social development.

The one-humped camel in somaliland

Somaliland is a self-proclaimed republic located in the Horn of Africa. The country has adopted the same borders as the former British Somaliland Protectorate but it has had difficulties in gaining international recognition. Its area of 68 000 square miles (176 120 square kilometres) is home to about 4 million people. Sheep and goats each number more than 8 million head, camels 1.7 million and cattle 0.40 million. Livestock are the basis of the livelihoods of the majority of the nation's people. The camel has always been an icon in the culture and customs of the ethnic Somali. The British administration organised a Camel Corps to help in the maintenance of law and order in the then Protectorate but it also distinguished itself against the troops of Italian Somaliland in the World Wars of 1914–1918 and 1939–1945 before it was disbanded in 1946. As well as being important in the cultural fabric of the inhabitants of Somaliland, the camel is the major source of milk in the country, provides meat, performs transport operations and contributes its hides to the economy. Livestock in general are the major source of foreign exchange earnings to which camels contribute a considerable proportion. Feed is generally a problem and some has to be imported from Ethiopia. The presence of many diseases is a major constraint to the higher output which would be of great benefit to the welfare of the nation and of individual households and family units.

Стратегічні напрями розвитку ринку соняшнику

The market for oilseeds is especially important for Ukraine because its effective functioning is of paramount importance for ensuring the food and energy security of the state on the one hand, and the economic component on the other, because Ukraine is one of the largest players in the global vegetable oil market and is a leader in oilseed exports. Therefore, the development of the market for oilseeds requires finding ways to improve the level of supply of oil raw materials to the growing needs of processing plants every year. The development of the market for oilseeds also has a direct impact on agricultural production and is one of the most important economic and food components of the agro-industrial complex in Ukraine. The oil and fat industry is one of the most promising and strategic ones as it is a stable source of foreign exchange earnings for Ukraine. Therefore, Ukraine's further participation in the world market for sunflower oil is very important. Unfortunately, the economic situation in Ukraine has adversely affected the agricultural sector of the economy. This changed the structure of products and changed the vector. The article describes the current state of the sunflower market. The main directions of its development are formulated. Problems that need to be resolved for the positive development of the sunflower market in Ukraine are identified. The recommendations and organizational and methodological approaches to the development of the sunflower market are substantiated.

DEVELOPMENT OF ECO-TOURISM IN KARNATAKA STATE: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF JUNGLE LODGES AND RESORTS

The Karnataka is one of the top ten national tourism destinations in India and was ranked 4th in 2011. The state has various tourism assets such as beaches, hill stations, heritage monuments, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries etc. Given the variety of tourism assets, the state is promoted under the tagline “One state, many worlds”. Tourism is one of the important emerging sectors in the world. It is the second largest industry in the world in terms of generating employment and income. Tourism in India is the largest amenity industry, with a contribution of 7.23% to the national GDP and 9.78% of the total employment in India. For many countries, it is a major source of foreign exchange earnings. In several of the countries, it is mainly dependent on international tourists. Tourism contributes to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) through its contribution to employment and income. Karnataka rich with attractive beauty is located at the southern part of India. Resourceful with all kind of verities including temples, wildlife sanctuaries, waterfalls, cosmopolitan cities, valleys, hill resorts, beaches etc., Karnataka is a must visit the state in India for all tourist enthusiasts and will not get disappointed. The weather is very moderate at southern districts. The temperature remains ideal throughout the year. Most parts of the Karnataka state are agriculture lands as the state is rich in rivers. The western part has Arabian sea and then the range of Western Ghats follows. This is the eighth largest state in a country equally in area and population. Karnataka is famed for its natural beauty, rich culture and pleasurable climate. In this article researcher discussed about the development of ecotourism in Karnataka. KEY WORDS: Eco Tourism, Jungle, Resort, Forest, Sanctuaries,

Impact Of Tourism Industry In Relation To Employment And Income Generation: Evidence From Srinagar District Of Jammu And Kashmir

Tourism is a major economic and social activity of the present time. It is the temporary movement of people from their normal place of residence or work, mainly for pleasure. Due to the economic activities involved in the process of tourism, now it is emerged as an industry which is rapidly growing around the World. Tourism is the major source of foreign exchange earnings for many regions of the world. Tourism need to be addressed at the earliest as tourism has positive as well as negative impact on the cultural diversity, social standards, society and environment. The present study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between employment and income generation and tourist arrivals in district Srinagar of Jammu and Kashmir state. The results revealed that tourist arrivals accounts variation in the level of income and employment generation. Thus, tourism development has the potential to contribute to the economy of Srinagar district of Jammu and Kashmir State.&#x0D; Tourism is a major economic and social activity of the present time. It is the temporary movement of people from their normal place of residence or work, mainly for pleasure. Due to the economic activities involved in the process of tourism, now it is emerged as an industry which is rapidly growing around the World. Tourism is the major source of foreign exchange earnings for many regions of the world. Tourism need to be addressed at the earliest as tourism has positive as well as negative impact on the cultural diversity, social standards, society and environment. The present study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between employment and income generation and tourist arrivals in district Srinagar of Jammu and Kashmir state. The results revealed that tourist arrivals accounts variation in the level of income and employment generation. Thus, tourism development has the potential to contribute to the economy of Srinagar district of Jammu and Kashmir State.

Temporary labour migration and underdevelopment in Sri Lanka: the limits of remittance capital

ABSTRACTSri Lanka’s long history of temporary labour migration to West Asia began amidst economic upheaval in 1977 and burgeoned during decades marred by macroeconomic volatility and ethnic conflict. Today, the remittances sent by migrant domestic workers and low-waged manual labourers in the Gulf are vital to the subsistence of poor households in marginalised communities and constitute the country’s largest source of foreign exchange earnings. Prominent policymaking frameworks purport that temporary labour migration of this kind should produce a ‘triple win’ outcome, wherein remittance transfers catalyse economic development for migrant households and their countries of origin. Yet, while labour-receiving economies unequivocally benefit from exploiting reserve armies of labour and care, the developmental impact of inbound remittance flows remains under-theorised. This article advances a critique of how remittance capital functions at household, national and global scales to demonstrate how temporary labour migration has limited Sri Lanka to a precariously uneven and remittance-dependent model of development. A profound contradiction emerges where uneven development ‘pushes’ vulnerable populations into foreign employment, only for their remittances to sustain exclusionary development spending that intensifies the need to migrate.

TO ASSESS THE POSITION OF SMALL MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ETHOPIA

Development of micro and small enterprises holds the attraction of being the most important component of broader economic development and poverty alleviation. They are seen as a key and sustainable generator of employment and income for citizens and tax revenue for the state. They also serve as a bridge between informal economy and the formalized corporate sector in developing countries. Likewise, if they are able to meet the required export quality and standards, for some countries they are a source of foreign exchange earnings. It is also believed that a variant micro and small enterprise sector helps to encourage competition since they are favorable to bring about economic growth.

A pedagogic complexus on the knowledge and impact of economic recession on secondary school students

Economic recession in its simplest explication is the decline in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of any country. For over 25 years, recession set in Nigeria in 2015 with the oil price adjustment that affected global economy. Its effect on the country’s export has been punishing, seeing export and government revenues decline rapidly. This is due to some factors that include the fact that oil is Nigeria’s main source of foreign exchange earnings and government and financial revenue; insurgency in the North East of Nigeria and the agitating activities of the Niger/Delta region which has seen Chevron and some oil prospecting companies, the straightening of dollar which has made the Naira of less value. The study determine the extent to which the recession has affected students of school age. It describes the process of Theatre for Development (TFD) in the University of Calabar International Demonstration Secondary School (UCIDSS) as a means of evaluating the students’ knowledge of economic recession and how the recession has affected their studies and career choice. The issues discussed here came from the students, enabling them develop critical reasoning that will help them rekindle their ambitions as well as eliciting their knowledge of changes around their environment. Methodologically, Semi-Structured Interview, TFD and other participatory methodologies like FGD and playmaking were used and for those students who may have issues discussing their views in problem, Key informant Interview was applied.

ADVANTAGES OF USE OF THE GRANULAR ORGANIC-MINERAL SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZERS

The necessity of using complex organic-mineral fertilizers with a given composition of components, which determine by agrarian and climatic conditions of growing crops, is considered. The possibility of using new beneficial components in the form of granulated organic-mineral fertilizers of slow release action and the useful properties of each component is determined.Key words: granule, composition, organic-mineral fertilizers, resource conservation, yield, prolonged action.The agro-industrial complex is one of the main sources of foreign exchange earnings in the structure of foreign trade of Ukraine, in addition to this, the agricultural potential has a significant export potential. As of 2018, the share of exported vegetable products in the overall structure of exports of goods amounted to 20.9% of the total volume. As a result, the development of this sector of the economy is one of the main issues for today. The potential of agriculture, especially crop production, is significantly dependent on the fertility of agricultural land, which in turn depends on the quality of fertilizers that are used, therefore the quality of fertilizers is not only important for the development of the industry, but also has an impact on the economic situation. Soil fertility has declined markedly due to irrational land use, erosion, dehumidification, soil mineralization and environmental contamination.The main advantage of this fertilizer is the higher efficiency of plant nutrition compared to traditional fertilizers, due to the release of useful components over a longer period. Slow down selection of useful components (prolonged action) is ensured by the layered structure of the granule and the uniform placement of useful components throughout the volume of granules OMF of a new generation during its moisture in the soil. Obtaining of this structure of the granule is possible with the application of a fluidized bed granulator. The use of waste from agricultural, food and chemical industries, as raw material for the production of new granular organic-mineral fertilizers of prolonged action, will solve the problems of reducing fertility of soils, preserving resources and the environment.There is a need for the creation and improvement of existing technology and equipment for the production of layered compositional organic-mineral fertilizers containing ammonium sulphate, humic substances, deoxidizing compounds and other useful components, the composition and correlation of which is determined by the agro-climatic conditions of cultivation. Application of a deoxidizing component, such as lime in organic-mineral fertilizers, will reduce the acidity of the soil and reduce the amount of separate application of lime

Nexus between Awareness of Recommendations and Income from Rubber Cultivation: A Structural Equation Model

Rubber cultivation provides an important source of income for many small farmers in rural areas. In addition, it is a vital source of foreign exchange earnings to the country. However, in the present day rubber is less profitable due to a slump in prices. Cyclical fluctuation in rubber prices is a stylized fact. Therefore, one strategy to keep small farmers in rubber cultivation is to enhance productivity and thereby their income. It is hypothesized that productivity increases can be brought about by improved extension, which creates awareness of recommended technologies and practices in rubber cultivation. With this background, this research studied whether ‘Awareness’ has an impact on productivity and through that on farm income. For this data were collected from a sample of 206 smallholder rubber farmers from Kegalle District, which is one of the major rubber growing districts in Sri Lanka. The Structural Equation Model constructed show that there is a considerable impact by awareness on relevant technologies in improving farmer productivity. But the indirect effect of awareness on farm income through productivity is weak in the sample of data analyzed. Thus, policies geared towards increases in productivity should be coupled with policies related to the marketing of rubber for the small farmers to truly benefit and survive the price shock.

Does Foreign Aid Act as an Instrument of Economic Growth in India and Sri Lanka?

Foreign aid is considered as an important instrument of the foreign policy of states. It acts as a major source of foreign exchange earnings for developing countries. Therefore, it is regarded as a basic pillar of developmental process. We examine the trends and composition of foreign aid inflows in India and Sri Lanka. This study also empirically examines the relationship between foreign aid or Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) and economic growth for India and Sri Lanka using the annual data 1960-1961 to 2014-2015. Further, this study aims to test the causal relationship among foreign aid with other macroeconomic variables such as domestic investment, financial sector development and trade, and inflation rate of these countries. We have employed Johansen and Juselius (JJ) (Johansen and Juselius, 1990) procedure of testing for the presence of multiple cointegrating vectors. We have also used Vector Error Correction (VECM)-Granger Causality test to find out the short run dynamic equilibrium relationship among the variables. The empirical results show that there are both short and long run equilibrium relationships existing between foreign aid and economic growth with other macroeconomic variables in both the countries. However, the direction of inter-linkage between foreign aid and economic growth contradicts to each other in case of India and Sri Lanka, both in short run and long run. We have found that the error correction term is positive and significant in selected macroeconomic variables indicating a long-run causality in India and Sri Lanka.

Tourism Demand Analysis Using Probabilistic Travel Model: A Study In Pokhara

Tourism is now one of the largest industries in the world that has developed alongside the fascinating concept of eco-tourism. Nepal Tourism Policy 2009 identifies tourism sector as an important vehicle for economic and social development. Revenue from tourism sector is observed from foreign currency exchange made by tourists and tourism industries as proxy of income. According to Tourism Towards 2030, the number of international tourist arrivals worldwide is expected to increase by an average of 3.3% a year over the period 2010 to 2030. At the projected rate of growth, international tourist arrivals worldwide are expected to reach 1.4 billion by 2020, and 1.8 billion by the year 2030. Nepal aims to transform its tourism sector into one of the largest foreign exchange earners in 2016 by attracting 2.5 million high spending tourists. Tourism was ranked as the fifth largest source of foreign exchange earnings in 2012 and third largest in 2013 contributing 5.2 percent to total foreign earnings of the country. This study shows the tourism infrastructure as well as seasonal arrival of tourists in Nepal and to develop the probabilistic travel model on the basis of tourist perception which will help the tourism department for the further economic development of the area. R-Studio based on data from the sample period from 2008 to 2016. The formula presented in this study can be used by policy makers to calculate future foreign exchange earnings, employment, arrivals and prices related to tourism in Nepal. Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, Page: 58-63

Indian tourism industry – a yardstick to GDP

Abstract Tourism industry plays a pivotal role in the economic development of a nation. This industry infuses opportunities with commendable impact on the economy in the areas of generating income, employment opportunities, one of the sources of foreign exchange earnings, infrastructure development and promotion of national heritage and culture, which contributes towards the national gross domestic product (GDP). This article is empirical about the contribution and impact of foreign exchange reserve, earning and the arrival of tourists on the growth of tourism industry and GDP in India. The researcher has collected secondary data, and the variables are assessed with the help of correlation and regression analysis to analyse the impact of tourism towards GDP in the country. The finding of this article is that domestic tourism is the only independent variable having significance in the GDP.