Source Of Essential Fatty Acids Research Articles

Evaluation of fish oil content and cottonseed meal with ultralow gossypol content on the functional properties of an extruded shrimp feed

This study aimed to analyze the extrusion processing potential of glandless cottonseed meal (GCSM) in extruded shrimp feed. Five different diets with different fish oil concentration and constant GCSM content were extruded. Extrusion temperature, screw speed, and moisture content were varied. Optimal extrudates with GCSM had 50.5 % of crude protein, which is higher than commercial shrimp feed. Mineral analyses of GCSM indicate that all minerals are within limits proposed by the authors, except iron: 0.13 compared to 0.6. GCSM is an excellent source of essential fatty acids that might meet the requirements for shrimp diets on linoleic and linolenic acids as well as highly unsaturated fatty acids. Overall results demonstrate that using GCSM as a fishmeal substitute in extruded shrimp feed might be a feasible alternative to reduce feeding costs while showing high protein, minerals, essential fatty acids, and amino acids content.

Oleogels as prospective nutritional ingredients of lipid nature

The composition of the lipid component of consumed foods affects the consumers' health. Fats are not only a source of essential fatty acids, but also participate in the formation of the organoleptic and rheological properties of foodstuffs. At the same time, fats are sources of saturated and trans-isomeric fatty acids, which excessive consumption is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and therefore, it is relevant to search for promising ways to replace such fats. The aim of this review is to summarize data from studies of oleogels as an alternative to such fats. Results. It has been shown that the prevalence of obesity in many countries, including Russia, remains an acute problem. At the same time, as a rule, in persons with obesity and cardiovascular diseases, the consumption of fat including saturated and trans-isomeric fatty acids is excessive. To reduce the content of saturated and trans-isomeric fatty acids in foodstuffs, such systems as oleogels have recently been considered. The interest in these systems is related to the fact that they can act not only as substitutes for solid fats - sources of trans- and saturated fats but also as carriers of biologically active substances. Conclusion. The results of the analytical study indicate that active research is currently underway concerning the properties of oleogels, their use in foodstuffs, and modeling the effect of consumption of oleogels and containing them foodstuffs on the general metabolic health of humans. These studies are currently in their initial stages, but their results already indicate the great potential of oleogels as a food ingredient.

Acorn Oil: Chemistry and Functionality

Acorn oil has been receiving increasing attention due to its nutritional potentials. However, its application as a novel food ingredient has not yet been fully explored. This paper summarizes chemical composition, extraction methods, potential health benefits, and current applications of acorn oil, with the aim of providing suggestions for its exploitation. Acorn oil is an excellent source of essential fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, α-linolenic, and palmitic acids). Acorns are a rich source of tocopherols, with γ-tocopherol being the most abundant. It also contains various bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and sterols (mainly β-sitosterol). Diets enriched with acorn oil can be beneficial in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and type 2 diabetes as well as offer antioxidant activity. Further studies should focus on producing better quality acorn oil such as the application of more innovative and optimized techniques that can increase its health benefits and hence utilization.

Evaluation of the anticancer activity and fatty acids composition of "Handal" (Citrullus colocynthis L.) seed oil, a desert plant from south Jordan.

BackgroundThe chemical composition of Handal (Citrullus colocynthis L.) seed oil cultivated in Jordan deserts was characterized, and its bioactivity was evaluated.MethodsThe oil was extracted from the grinded seeds in 500 ml Soxhlet extractor for 24 hr using n‐hexane, and the recovered fatty acids were methylated with methanolic‐HCL. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) composition was analyzed using GC‐MS and GC‐FID. The anticancer activity associated with the oil was assessed against colon cancer cell lines (Caco‐2 and HCT‐116) and compared to its cytotoxicity on the human skin fibroblast. Multivariate analysis was used to determine relationship of the fatty acid composition with that of the anticancer activity.ResultsThe results demonstrated that fatty acid composition of Citrullus colocynthis seed oil chiefly contains Linoleic acid, denoted as C18:2n6 (75%), followed by Palmitic acid C16:0 (8%), Stearic acid C18:0 (5%), and Oleic acid C18:1n9 (9%). It is demonstrated as an excellent source of essential fatty acids omega‐6 (e.g., Linoleic acid), whereas omega‐3 (e.g., α‐Linolenic acid) and hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids are found at small level. Interestingly, the oil exhibited reasonable anticancer effects against colorectal cancer cell lines with IC50 values varying between 4 and 7 mg/ml. The correlation test revealed a relationship between the fatty acid composition and the effectiveness on treatments.ConclusionsHandal plant from Jordan appears to have very high level of Linoleic acid compared to other oils measured in different geographic locations and that there appears to be some anticancer activities associated with the fatty acid content of Handal seed oil.

Changes in human milk fatty acid composition and maternal lifestyle-related factors over a decade: a comparison between the two Ulm Birth Cohort Studies.

Human milk fatty acid composition varies during lactation and is influenced by maternal diet, maternal lifestyle-related factors and genetic background. This is one of the first studies to investigate a period effect, that is, the impact of lifestyle-related changes on human milk fatty acid composition, in two different cohorts. Lactating women were recruited from the general population a decade apart in Ulm, Germany, using similar methodology. Human milk samples collected 6 weeks postpartum were analysed (Ulm Birth Cohort Study (UBCS (2000)), n 567; Ulm SPATZ Health Study (SPATZ (2012)), n 458). Centred log ratio transformation was applied to fatty acid data. Principal component analysis was used to determine study-dependent fatty acid profiles. A general linear model was used to determine the study (or period) effect on fatty acid profiles adjusting for duration of gestation, age, education, delivery mode, smoking and pre-pregnancy BMI. Two principal components were retained (PC1 and PC2). PC1 was associated with UBCS, while PC2 was associated with SPATZ. PC1 comprised high SFA, and low MUFA, n-6 and n-3 long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA). The inverse was true for PC2. Although human milk remains a source of essential fatty acids, infants could be at risk of inadequate n-3 and n-6 LCPUFA intake through human milk. The differences in the human milk fatty acid profiles also reflect changes in maternal dietary habits in the more recent cohort, which may comprise lower intakes of dietary trans-fatty acids and SFA and higher intakes of vegetable oils.

The Use of Crude Fish Oil (CFO) in Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Feed on EPA and DHA Contents

Omega-3 fatty acids (Alpha-linolenic acid) and omega-6 fatty acids (Linoleic acid) are a group of essential fatty acids. Essential fatty acids are fatty acids that cannot be synthesized by the body so that must be supplied from the diet. One of the sources of essential fatty acids is derived from fish oil. This study aims to determine the effect of Crude Fish Oil (CFO) in the feed to EPA and DHA content in penaeid shrimp meat. The research method used was a completely randomized design. The treatments used are the varying content of Crude Fish Oil (CFO), which are P0 (0%), P1 (2%), P2 (4%), P3 (6%), and P4 (8%). The results of the study showed significant differences (p <0.05) on the content of EPA and DHA in penaeid shrimp meat. The highest content of EPA and DHA found in P4 treatment (8%) and the lowest at P0 treatment (0%). The use of CFO in penaeid shrimp feed need further study related to the growth of shrimps and prawns reproductive cycle to increase the productivity of penaeid shrimp. CFO on feed should be used at a dose of 6%.

Hemiselmis andersenii and Chlorella stigmatophora As New Sources of High-value Compounds: A Lipidomic Approach.

To unlock the potential of Chlorella stigmatophora (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) and Hemiselmis andersenii (Cryptophyceae, Cryptophyta) as natural reactors for biotechnological exploitation, their lipophilic extracts were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy with Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) before and after alkaline hydrolysis. The GC-MS analysis enabled the identification of 62 metabolites-namely fatty acids (27), aliphatic alcohols (17), monoglycerides (7), sterols (4), and other compounds (7). After alkaline hydrolysis, monounsaturated fatty acids increased by as much as 87%, suggesting that the esterified compounds were mainly neutral lipids. Hemiselmis andersenii yielded the highest Σω3/Σω6 ratio (7.26), indicating that it is a good source of ω3 fatty acids, in comparison to C.stigmatophora (Σω3/Σω6=1.24). Both microalgae presented significant amounts of aliphatic alcohols (6.81-10.95mg·gdw-1 ), which are recognized by their cholesterol-lowering properties. The multivariate analysis allowed visualization of the chemical divergence among H.andersenii lipophilic extracts before and after alkaline hydrolysis, as well as species-specific differences. Chlorellastigmatophora showed to be a valuable source of essential fatty acids for nutraceuticals, whereas H.andersenii, due to its high chemical diversity, seems to be suitable for different fields of application.

Oxalis corniculata Linn. (Oxalidaceae): A brief review

Oxalis corniculata Linn. is a highly useful and important traditionally used medicinal herbaceous plant which is found in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The plant is commonly called creeping wood sorrel and it is belonging to the family Oxalidaceae. The plant has been used in different system of traditional medication for the treatment of diseases and ailments of human beings. The present review reveals the diverse ranges of phytomolecules which was previously isolated such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, polyphenols, glycosidic compounds, lipids and volatile oil. The leaves of the plant contain medicinal substances like isovitexine, flavonoids, and vitexine-2-O-beta-D- glucopyrunoside. It is a rich source of essential fatty acids like palmitic acid, oleic, linolenic and stearic acids. It possesses various important pharmacological activities like antioxidant, anti-cancer, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, astringent, diuretic, febrifuge, cardio-relaxant and stomachic properties. These reports are very encouraging and indicated that the herb should be studied more details for its future therapeutic benefits. The current review article briefly describes the botanical features, ethnomedicinal uses, pharmacological properties and phytochemical composition of this medicinal herb. The present study is an attempt to combine and document the necessary information on different aspects of Oxalis corniculata and highlights the need for research and development.

Preventive as well as therapeutic significances of linoleic acid in the containment of Leishmania donovani infection

People suffering from malnutrition show compromised levels of ω-6 fatty acid and malnutrition is frequently observed among visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients as disease inflicts primarily the socioeconomic destitute communities. Dietary linoleic acid (LA, 18:2; ω-6 fatty acid) is the principal source of essential fatty acid and its derivatives i.e. eicosanoids possess immune-modulatory activities. However, its role in VL is not yet established. LA was measured in VL human subjects (serum) as well as in Leishmania(L.)donovani infected hamsters (serum and visceral organs). Organ-specific mRNA expressions of various enzymes of the LA metabolic pathway were measured in visceral organs of infected hamsters. Our findings showed a decrease in the concentrations of LA in the serum samples of VL patients, suggesting malnutrition among these patients. However, in L. donovani infected hamsters, its level was not altered in the early infection (15 days) and then increased at late infection (60 days). Importantly, the supplementation of LA restored the Th-1 type of immune response and significantly reduced the parasite load within infected macrophages in vitro. This protective response of LA was mediated through 5-lipoxygenase pathway not via the cyclooxygenase pathway. Preventive usage of LA to mϕ followed by L. donovani infection also showed the strengthening of Th-1 immune response and significantly fewer parasite loads. Our findings demonstrate the protective role of LA in the containment of the parasite load. Incorporating LA rich oils in daily food habits across highly inflicted regions may be a significant advancement towards the eradication of the disease.

The Effect of Dehulling Lupine Seeds (Lupinus albus L.) from Low-Alkaloid Varieties on the Chemical Composition and Fatty Acids Content

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of dehulling white lupine seeds (Lupinus albus, cultivar Amiga) on the raw chemical composition and nutritional profile of lipids. There was no significant differences (p ˃ 0.05) between whole and dehulled lupine seeds in respect of their content in dry matter, ether extract, crude ash and nitrogen-free extract. However, the dehulled lupine seeds had a higher (p ˂ 0.05) crude protein level (51.69% of DM) than whole seeds (43.16% of DM), and a lower (p ˂ 0.05) crude fiber content (4.35% of DM) compared to that of whole seeds (14.15% of DM). The fatty acids profile is not affected (p ˃ 0.05) by the dehulling process. Oleic acid (C18:1 cis-9) is the main fatty acid in lupine seeds, and the level of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) is slightly higher in whole seeds. The n-3 / n-6 report is adequate in both whole (0.88) and dehulled (0.94) seeds, and the favorable polyunsaturated index (PI) indicates the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which indicates that lupine seeds are a valuable source of essential fatty acids. Also, lupine seeds are characterized by favorable values of the thrombogenic (0.18) and atherogenic (0.14) indexes, and an appropriate hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index value, features considered important for human health and animal nutrition.

Oxidative Stability of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) and Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Oil Blends

AbstractChia and sesame oils are important sources of essential fatty acids; however, their ω‐3:ω‐6 proportions do not comply with nutritional recommendation. A feasible approach to improve the ratio is to blend different oils, but only after understanding physical and chemical changes of the new matrix. Objective of the investigation was to determine the physico‐chemical characteristics and the oxidative stability index (OSI), using the Rancimat method, of chia‐sesame oil blends. The four ω‐3:ω‐6 blends tested (1:4, 1:6, 1:8, and 1:10) were exposed to temperatures of 110, 120, and 130 °C. The OSI values of the mixtures varied between 6.24–8.08, 3.07–4.00, and 1.62–2.01 hours for each temperature, respectively. In addition, their mean activation energy, enthalpy, entropy, and Q10 were 88.4 kJ/mol, 85.2 kJ/mol, −41.1 J/mol K, and 2.0. Finally, a shelf life prediction performed at 25 °C indicated stability times between 80 and 123 days. Therefore, combining chia and sesame oils produced blends with a good balance of essential fatty acids.

Biologically active components and health benefits of nettle seed oil

The biologically active components of nettle seed oil and important lipid indices, which are criteria for the health benefits of the oil, have been examined. Linoleic acid predominates in triacylglycerols (77.7%), followed by oleic (16.2%). Sterols in the lipids are present at 1.1% and β-sitosterol is the main component (90.1%). The oil contains 711 mg/kg tocopherols and γ-tocopherol predominates (36.1%), followed by α-tocopherol (28.9%) and δ-tocopherol (26.9%). Atherogenicity and thrombogenicity index values are significantly low, which determine the best anti-atherogenic and anti-thrombogenic properties of the oil. The cholesterolemic index and the ratio of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids are considerably higher than 1.0 and reveal good hypocholesterolemic potential and nutritional value. The content of biologically active components of nettle seed oil indicates that it is a rich source of essential fatty acids, sterols and tocopherols and this oil can be used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products.

FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CONSTANTS OF PUNICA GRANATUM L. SEED OIL

One of the important sources of essential fatty acids may be products of plant origin, in particular, oils extracted from seeds of wild and cultivated plants. One of these resources is wild-growing Punica granatum. The fatty acid composition of the lipid fractions of the seeds of wild-type pomegranate growing on the territory of Galalti, Siyazan region of the Azerbaijan Republic was assessed by gas chromatography after conversion to the methyl esters of the corresponding fatty acids. The highest oil yield – 12.92% was obtained by the extraction of the seeds at 60 °C for 8 h by Soxhlet extractor. Chromatographic analysis of the fatty oil of pomegranate seeds made it possible to establish the presence of 9 higher fatty acids. The main component of P. granatum seed oil was punicic acid (79.64%). Palmitic and stearic acids were found in small quantities. Content of these fatty acids were 3.29% and 2.43%, respectively. The least amount is accounted for by the share of myristic (0.03%) and heptadecanoic acids (0.03%).The analyses of physico-chemical constants and organoleptic properties of seed oil of P. granatum L. shows that the saponification numbers of wild-type pomegranate was 192.91 that indicates higher solubility of soap in water that can be made from it. The percentage of free fatty acids in our sample was 0.20% and the peroxide value – 3.03. The obtained results allow to consider the seed oil of this plant as good dietary fatty acid source. Thus, this study can provide valuable information for medicine and food industry for the development of drugs and food additives based on Azerbaijan wild-type pomegranate seed oil.

Chlorella vulgaris in a heterotrophic bioprocess: Study of the lipid bioaccessibility and oxidative stability

Microalgal biomass is an emerging source of several health-related compounds, including polyunsaturated fatty acids. Herein, Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated heterotrophically in a 16-L stirred tank bioreactor. The lipid oxidative stability and lipid bioaccessibility of the biomass harvested during the exponential and stationary phases were evaluated. The biomass harvested during the stationary phase showed lower lipid oxidation than that harvested during the exponential phase, likely due to the higher content of antioxidants in the former. In both biomasses, the hexanal and propanal profiles showed only moderate increase over 12 weeks of storage at 40 °C, indicating good oxidative stability. Lipid bioaccessibility measured in an infant in vitro model was 0.66% ± 0.16% and 2.41% ± 0.61% for the biomass harvested during the exponential and late stationary phases, respectively. This study indicates that C. vulgaris biomass can be considered as a stable and nutritious (optimal ω3:ω6 profile) source of essential fatty acids. Our results suggested that regarding lipid stability and bioaccessibility, harvesting during stationary phase could be preferred choice. In general, treatment of the biomass to increase lipid bioaccessibility should be investigated.

MIKROENKAPSULASI KONSENTRAT ASAM LEMAK TAK JENUH DARI MINYAK IKAN PATIN

Catfish fillet processing industries produce several wastes, such us belly flap. This part has high fat content that can be a source of essential fatty acids. This research aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of the unsaturated fatty acids obtained from pangasius fish encapsulated with maltodextrin and sodium caseinate at different combinations. To determine the best combination of maltodextrin and sodium caseinate with ratio 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30, parameters such as emulsion viscosity, product yield, microencapsulation efficiency, encapsulated oil yield, water solubility, morphology and whiteness were measured. Based on the results, maltodextrin and sodium caseinate ratio of 70/30 was the most optimal because it resulted in the highest values in terms of microencapsulation efficiency (63.08%) and oil micro-encapsulation yield (24.13%).

Enhanced yield of Scenedesmus obliquus biomacromolecules through medium optimization and development of microalgae based functional chocolate.

The freshwater green microalga Scenedesmus obliquus was cultivated to enhance the contents of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids by using Box-Behnken experimental design. S. obliquus was cultured under phototrophic conditions by using Bold's Basal Medium with different cultivation parameters including pH (7, 8 and 9), salinity (10, 30 and 50mM), and nitrogen source (0.125, 0.5 and 1g/L). The highest biomass yield (64.9 ± 0.94mg/L/day) was obtained by using optimized medium at a salinity concentration of 30mM (w/v), and nitrogen sources of 0.125g/L. The maximum content of protein, lipid and carbohydrates from S. obliquus optimized medium were 342.19 ± 0.28mg/g, 241.41 ± 4.32mg/g and 288.05 ± 1.12mg/g of dry wt. respectively. The amino acid and fatty acid analysis of S. obliquus biomass indicated the presence of significant amount of essential amino acids and essential fatty acids. Furthermore, chocolate crispy bar was developed by fortification with encapsulated freeze-dried S. obliquus and evaluated for its oxidative stability and sensory analysis. The chocolate fortified with microalgae can be a potential source of essential fatty acids and amino acids in addition to other bioactive compounds.

Nutritional composition and consumer acceptability of cheese analog from soy and cashew nut milk

Promoting the utilization of locally available protein-rich crops may reduce the problem of protein-energy malnutrition. The physicochemical properties and consumer acceptance of soybean and cashew nut milk cheese analog were evaluated. Vegan milk blends were prepared by substituting soy milk with cashew nut milk at different proportions of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The color coordinates showed no significant differences among the samples. The percentage vegan cheese yield decreased by increasing the level of substitution. The vegan cheese analog produced with 40% cashew nut milk had the highest protein and ash but was lower in lipid. The overall acceptability of the samples decreased with increasing cashew nut milk substitution. However, sample blend with 40% cashew nut milk was preferred in terms of flavor, color, and overall acceptability. Vegan cheese analog from cashew nut and soy milk blends could be a promising value-added product serving as an alternative protein source. Practical applications This study showed that an acceptable vegan cheese analog could be produced from the blends of soy and cashew nut milk. This cheese analog could serve as a vegetable protein source with the potential of reducing the incidence of protein-energy malnutrition. It could also serve as a rich source of essential fatty acids.

Single Cell Oil Production from Waste Biomass: Review of Applicable Industrial By-Products

Abstract Single cell oil (SCO) is an attractive alternative source of oil, which, depending on the fatty acid composition, can be used as a feedstock for biodiesel production, as an ingredient for pharmaceuticals or as a source of essential fatty acids for human and animal consumption. However, the use of SCO is limited due to use of relatively expensive food or feed products in the cultivation of SCO producing microorganisms. In order to reduce SCO production costs, the use of cheaper feedstock such as biodegradable agro-industrial wastes are necessary. At the same time, the microbial treatment of biodegradable wastes ensures the neutralization of environmentally harmful compounds and reduces the negative impact on the environment. Oleaginous microorganisms are capable of fermenting a variety of industrial by-products, waste products and wastewaters, however further discussion on properties of the waste materials is necessary to facilitate the selection of the most appropriate waste materials for SCO production. Thus, this review compares various industrial waste products that can be used as cheap feedstock for the cultivation of SCO producing microorganisms. Industrial waste products, by-products and wastewaters are compared according to their global availability, current use in competing industries, required pre-fermentation treatments, oleaginous microorganism cell concentrations and SCO yields.

Fatty Acids Composition of Marine Macroalgae (Review)

Fatty acids (FA) are important nutritional substances and metabolites in living organism. Degenerative diseases related to inappropriate FA consumption form a potential death cause for two thirds of the population living in affluent, industrialized nations. Marine algae represent a considerable part of the littoral biomass. Many algal species have long been used as human food, animal fodder and source of valuable substances. In addition, algal components are of interest from a pharmaceutical point of view. Marine algae are rich in fatty acids (FAs) especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and are of potential value as sources of essential fatty acids (n-3 and n-6 series),which are important in the nutrition of humans and animals. Also the n-6/n-3 ratio of macroalgae, because of their high n-3 content, is lower than 10 which is congruent with WHO recommended. Although each phylum of marine macrophytic algae has its characteristic FA pattern but up to now, only a limited number of algal species have been investigated for their FAs composition. Hence, the objective of this review is to explain briefly synthesis and structure of FAs and also to assess the potential of several Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta macroalgae as a source of FAs especially PUFAs and very long chain PUFAs (VLCPUFAs).

Effect of diet on growth, survival and fatty acid profile of marine amphipods: implications for utilisation as a feed ingredient for sustainable aquaculture

AEI Aquaculture Environment Interactions Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections AEI 11:481-491 (2019) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00329 Effect of diet on growth, survival and fatty acid profile of marine amphipods: implications for utilisation as a feed ingredient for sustainable aquaculture Hilke Alberts-Hubatsch1,*, Matthew James Slater1, Jan Beermann1,2 1Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany 2Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany *Corresponding author: halberts@awi.de ABSTRACT: Rapidly expanding fed aquaculture demands high-quality, sustainable nutrient sources for utilisation as dietary ingredients. Exploring the potential of under-utilised resources from other industries is imperative to replace finite natural resources, such as fish meal. Marine gammarids may be an excellent source of essential fatty acids; however, their aquaculture using formulated diets remains untested in terms of survival, growth and nutritional value of the cultured product. Here, juveniles of 2 marine gammarid species, Gammarus locusta and Echinogammarus marinus, were maintained in controlled feeding experiments with 2 marine diets (Ulva spp. and Fucus spp.) and 2 terrestrial diets (lupin meal and carrot leaves). G. locusta exhibited higher survival rates, particularly when fed carrot leaves, an agricultural waste product. Fatty acid profiles of the resulting G. locusta product appear well suited for marine finfish nutrition, indicating high suitability of G. locusta as an aquaculture diet source. In contrast, whilst E. marinus may provide beneficial fatty acid profiles for aquatic animal nutrition, its poor growth performance in this study indicates that further dietary/culture research is required for this species. Our results indicate, for the first time, that marine gammarids are capable of trophic upgrading and can use non-marine diets for healthy growth in culture, but their suitability as a formulated feed ingredient for specific fish or crustacean species needs to be investigated individually. Future research should include the development of optimal large-scale production as well as investigation of optimal methods of inclusion of gammarids as feed ingredient for target aquaculture species. KEY WORDS: Essential fatty acid · Nutrition · Trophic upgrading · Terrestrial feeds · Gammarids Full text in pdf format Supplementary material PreviousNextCite this article as: Alberts-Hubatsch H, Slater MJ, Beermann J (2019) Effect of diet on growth, survival and fatty acid profile of marine amphipods: implications for utilisation as a feed ingredient for sustainable aquaculture. Aquacult Environ Interact 11:481-491. https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00329 Export citation Mail this link - Contents Mailing Lists - RSS Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AEI Vol. 11. Online publication date: September 19, 2019 Print ISSN: 1869-215X; Online ISSN: 1869-7534 Copyright © 2019 Inter-Research.