E CONOM IC conditions in Germany today present such a rapidly changing picture that it is possible to give a review only for the moment; and yet a very deep impression may be made by even such an ephemeral picture. The rapid changes are merely an index to the stages of readjustment to diminished territory and economic loss consequent upon the World War and the consequent peace (Fig. 1). These losses of territory and resources must at the very outset be considered an established fact, a background for the kaleidoscopic changes that have since taken place, and for the picture of present economic conditions. The whole situation in Germany today reflects the effort to make the restricted geographic resources of the country meet the demands of a population that has almost regained its pre-war number despite the loss of 10 per cent of her population, and 13 per cent of her land as a result of the war, as the accompanying table indicates. bilities of the land, and has had to depend upon alien sources for a considerable part of its aliment,-17 per cent at the outbreak of the war. Ever since the beginning of industrialism the German people have imported part of their food (Fig. 2); and with its rapid development, throughout the later half of the nineteenth century and the first decade and a half of the twentieth, the importation increased constantly, notwithstanding the intensification of agriculture over the whole land. Improvement of farming technique, extension of cultivated area, more effective utilization of every acre of ground, increased use of fertilizer, development of dairying, every known method of increasing production,-all were insufficient to make the land sustain the burden placed upon it, and Germany changed from a dominantly agricultural country to a highly industrialized country, with a population increasingly dependent upon imported food-stuffs.
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