Sound Mind Research Articles

Of Sound Heart and Mind: A Scoping Review of Risk and Protective Factors for Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress in People With Heart Disease.

Heart disease is related to the etiology of mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress. The goal of this scoping review was to determine which factors pose a significant risk for the onset of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress in patients with heart disease, as well as to identify what might protect them from these afflictions. We conducted a thorough search of relevant medical and psychological databases (Scopus, PsycARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Sage Journals, and MEDLINE) and identified 41 studies that met inclusion criteria, which included all types of heart disease. The results of our review indicate that mental health history, the tendency to stifle negative emotional experiences (known as "type D personality"), and social support in patients with heart disease are related to the onset of or protection from depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress. These factors, along with gender and younger age, seem to be relatively consistent predictors of mental health problems in this population. As per our results, it is important for clinicians to attend to the mental health history, type D personality, and presence and quality of social support in patients with heart disease. More research into prevention and gender differences is necessary to hone the detection and treatment of these problems in people with heart disease. Attention to their mental health history, their ability to express and regulate affect, their age, and their gender will most likely assist in identifying symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress in people with cardiac disease. Gender differences, particularly in the manifestation of depression, ought to be taken into account.

Konsep Ilmu Menurut Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas (Analisis buku Islam Dan Filsafat Sains)

Concept of in is a very important thing to know al-Ḥaqq. A l-Qur'an and Ḥadith contains repeatedly the word “ science ” and its derivatives, which occupy the second after the word “ ta w h ee d ” . A l-Attas had said in his work entitled Islam and Philosophy of Science that science is based on the Islamic Worldview of tawhīdi, so the concept is clearly different from the concepts that come from the Western secular. According to al-Attas the science includes two things, in order to explain the truth denoted by the term ḥaq which summarizes everything, both propositions and ontologies. The method of obtaining a knowledge is also different from the Western concept, wherein al-Attas explains there are several intermediaries, namely a sound sense s , khabar shadiq, sound mind , and intui t i on .

Mind-Body Dualism and Health Revisited

Abstract. Does a sound mind require a sound body? Whether or not lay people subscribe to this notion depends on their belief in mind-body dualism and critically shapes their health-related behaviors. Six studies (N = 1,710) revisit the relation between dualism and health. We replicate the negative correlation between belief in dualism and health behavior (Study 1) and extend it to behavior in the field (Study 2). Studies 3a and 3b investigate how belief in dualism shapes intuitions about the material origin of psychological well-being, while Studies 4a and 4b examine how these intuitions determine health-related outcomes. In sum, construing minds as different from bodies entails the intuition that mental well-being has little material substrate which in turn attenuates health-sustaining behaviors.

Exploring the Relevance of Cultural Resource Management: A Case Study of Kalaripayattu

Kalari is the Malayalam (language spoken in Kerala) word for a special kind of gymnasium, where the martial art known as Kalaripayattu is practised based on the idea of a sound mind in the sound body. It is one of the most ancient and comprehensive art form of India rather the world, because it has an excellent system of physical training, effective self-defence techniques, both armed and unarmed, training for excellent flexibility for physical and mental strength and is based on the Dravidian culture of India. Kalaripayattu is considered as the basis for all martial arts. This martial art has been practised on the basis of a scientific system of medicine called Kalarichikilsa ( Kalari-related treatment). This article investigates the potential of cultural heritage resources from a supply and demand perspective, as cultural resource management is the need of the hour to preserve and commercialize cultural and heritage resources. The study reveals that cultural heritage resources like Kalaripayattu could become a unique selling proposition of Indian tourism market, provided these resources are protected, preserved and encouraged through effective promotion strategies in various target markets.

The acoustic images in the fields of knowledge

Can we provide different acoustic images, ontologically speaking, from the fields of knowledge? As an engineer that experiences acoustic by processing mathematical calculations (with an evaluative approach), an architect by projecting physical spaces (focusing on audible comfort), an artist by proposing sound enigmas and mind gaps (perhaps proposing an audible discomfort), a musician by dealing with the reflections of his sound making (awaking the pleasure of listening), a religious man by preaching spiritual rituals (addressing a meditative state for his assembled group of people), just to name a few. Thus, our research evokes philosophers such as Martin Heidegger (by the concept of dasein), Michel Certeau (which suggests exercising rebellion in everyday life) and Marie-Jose Mondzain (with the birth of the homo-spectator, by his desire for images) to point out, with those key operative concepts, outstanding approaches to how we can investigate the internal site specifics of the human being, in his dynami...

Australian state of Victoria passes assisted dying bill

Australian state of Victoria passes assisted dying bill

Sound Body, Sound Mind? The Interrelation between Health Change and Personality Change in Old Age

Personality development is characterized by increasing maturation, that is, people become more conscientious, agreeable and emotionally stable as they age. In late life, however, these trends seem to be reversed. Because many changes and transitions in older age are related to health, we investigated correlated changes in health problems and personality traits, the sources of health changes in later life and the directionality of effects. Our sample consisted of older adult twins, aged 64–85 years at time 1 ( n = 410; 135 male/275 female; 134 monozygotic/63 dizygotic twin pairs), assessed at two different time points about five years apart, and we ran bivariate latent change and latent change twin model analyses. Increasing health problems were associated with decreases in agreeableness, extraversion, emotional stability and conscientiousness. Changes in health problems were only due to environmental influences, implying that the association between health and personality changes was exclusively environmental. Directional effects were largely absent, but health and personality were significantly related at the second measurement occasion (age 69–89 years). Our results support the link between health change and personality change in late life and spark the assumption of normative personality adaptations to deterioration of health status as a means of developmental regulation. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology

A Biblical Approach for an Inner Healing Discipleship Cycle for Migrants and Refugees

"Within the Adventist Church many immigrants struggle silently with the consequences of emotional pain, fear, failure, anxiety, stress, inadequate parenting, rejection, and abusive relationships. Many try to cope with the ongoing results of involvement in the occult or other false religions, and the effects of physical illness, accidents, and trauma continue to impact their lives. It is God’s desire that we prosper and be in good health (3 John 2) because he created us in his image. “For in Him we live, and move, and have our being” (Acts 17:28). Therefore, if we are to reflect his image we must experience inner healing and extend it to others, for “God has not given us the spirit of fear, but of power, of love, and of a sound mind” (2 Tim 1:7). Spiritual and emotional healing provides a deep sense of meaning and purpose and transforms our immigrant friends into an extension of God’s healing hands for the salvation of the lost, the last, and the least. This is the “whole” life God wants for His foreign children."

Giving Has Its Own Rewards: I Gave My Kidney to a Stranger.

Giving Has Its Own Rewards: I Gave My Kidney to a Stranger.

Physical activity and beta-amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease: A sound mind in a sound body.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia worldwide. Since curative treatment has not been established for AD yet and due to heavy financial and psychological costs of patients' care, special attention has been paid to preventive interventions such as physical activity. Evidence shows that physical activity has protective effects on cognitive function and memory in AD patients. Several pathologic factors are involved in AD-associated cognitive impairment some of which are preventable by physical activity. Also, various experimental and clinical studies are in progress to prove exercise role in the beta-amyloid (Aβ) pathology as a most prevailing hypothesis explaining AD pathogenesis. This study aims to review the role of physical activity in Aβ-related pathophysiology in AD.

The Commissioners' Model of Ante-Mortem Probate

Most jurisdictions within the United States follow the post-mortem model of probate, wherein a person of legal age and of sound mind distributes his or her estate upon death. The distributions, as intended by the individual, are set forth in his or her will only to be disclosed upon death. At such time, the individual's estate is distributed according to his or her wishes. Experience has shown, however, that in many cases the traditional probate system has failed to preserve the very interest it was designed to protect--the intent of the testator. This article discusses the problems associated with the post-mortem probate model and the techniques utilized to avoid it. As an alternative to post-mortem probate, few states have enacted ante-mortem probate statutes that allow a testator to validate a will during his or her lifetime. This article discusses the current models of ante-mortem probate and their attempts to resolve the problems with post-mortem probate. The focus of this article is to advocate for a new method of ante-mortem probate, the Commissioners' Model, as an alternative to post-mortem probate. The Commissioners' Model addresses the unresolved issues and the problems with the current ante-mortem probate models. While the Commissioners' Model is not the ultimate ante-mortem probate solution, it demonstrates that ante-mortem probate deserves serious consideration and can eliminate the traditional problems of post-mortem probate.

The English Canon Law Relating to Suicide Victims

Society has historically viewed suicide with hostility and fear. For centuries this hostility was reflected in the English civil law, which condemned suicide as homicide, and in the Church's position towards suicide victims, which historically considered suicide to be a mortal sin. Under the current canon law, set out in Canon B 38, it is the duty of the minister to bury all parishioners, those who die in the parish, or those entered on the electoral roll of the parish according to the rites of the Church of England, except for (among others) those who ‘being of sound mind have laid violent hands upon themselves’. This canon has come under increasing scrutiny in recent years as society's attitudes towards suicide have become more tolerant. As a result, General Synod recently voted that this canon should be amended. This article explores the development of the law relating to suicide victims in order to understand the Church's current position. It then considers the shortcomings of the current canon law and reviews the position adopted by the Roman Catholic and Methodist churches. Finally, it examines the proposals for changing Canon B 38.

Medico-legal Issues and Socio-demographic Profile of Suicidal Deaths in People of Dhaka City-A Study of 827 Cases

Introduction: There are two manners of death: Naturalwhere death is entirely caused by disease or ageing process, where poison or trauma does not take part to cause it and Unnatural- where death is sudden, suspicious, unexpected, litigious, unexplained and unattended either due to poison or trauma. Accident, homicide and suicide are the three unnatural manners of death. Death due to intentional injuries such as homicide or suicide and unintentional injuries of accidental manner, such as in transportation injury or industrial or machinery mishaps constitute unnatural deaths. Suicidal deaths are the acts or an instance of taking one’s own life voluntarily and intentionally especially by a person of years of discretion and of sound mind.
 Objective: To ascertain the medico-legal issues and sociodemographic profile of suicidal death cases occuerd in Dhaka City.
 Materials and Methods: A record based cross sectional study of postmortems was performed at the mortuary of the Forensic Medicine Department of Dhaka Medical College (DMC) from August 2009 to July 2010. A total of 3,337 cases brought to DMC mortuary from the south-eastern part of Dhaka district during this period were included in this study and thereafter 827 suicidal deaths were considered for this study.
 Results: A total of 3,337 unnatural deaths (accidents, suicide and homicide) were reported at the mortuary of the Forensic Medicine Department of Dhaka Medical College (DMC) during the period of August 2009 to July 2010. This study revealed that 827(24.78%) individual committed suicide out of 3337 cases. There was a predominance of Muslims 779(94.19%), males 481(58.16%) over females 346(41.84%) in committing suicide. Majority of the victims belonged to the age group of 21-30 years in both sexes. Out of these suicidal cases, 318(38.45%) victims committed suicide by hanging. The other methods used for suicide were Organophosphorus compound poisoning (OPC) by 238(28.79%) victims, poisoning from other substances like Opiates, Ethanol, Methanol, Rodenticide, Barbiturate etc by 267 (32.28%); 3(0.36%) cases were identified as burn and 1 (0.12%) by firearm.
 Conclusion: Suicide is the second most common manner of unnatural death flanked by accident and homicide. Suicide is one of the most multifaceted and media-sensitive phenomena. Suicide by hanging is an increasingly common method. All stakeholders such as government along with private agencies, non-government organizations, public health departments, social workers, community, religious leaders and media can take a leading step to prevent suicide
 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 33-36

SON PREFERENCE AND DAUGHTER NEGLECT: GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN HARYANA

While common people prick-up ears the name “Haryana”, it pleasure them resembling being that is knit together to flowers, blossom, greenery; on friendly terms dwelling to live and masses are pleasant, conducive nevertheless the nuts and bolts is disparate. The blush of land is “Red” and people are murders. Their including finger dukes are “Red” with “Blood” of female feticide. Haryana is solitary economically well-heeled while it move towards societal buildup, it is lifeless turned around on the point of cast back to intrinsic nethermost 914 girls for 1000 boys in the age mess of 0-6 years on the point of census. The indicated remarkably twisted infant femininity proportion is the gigantic curse for growing state alike Haryana. Regularly turn thumbs down masculinity rate teem with pretended many-a-moon dangerous segment along gender-friendly districts facing down streams. The sound mind of this evil is mightily grounded in culture, social norms, family values, religion etc. This paper examines the dominant reasons for son preference and daughter neglect in Haryana, its implications on society and to give suggestion to overcome the situation.

Monday effect in Fama–French’s RMW factor

Fama and French’s (2015) RMW (robust-minus-weak) profitability factor is likely to attract debate on whether it captures a behavioral mispricing or a rationally-priced risk. An interesting piece of empirical support for this argument comes from the strong Monday effect in the RMW factor: 94% (135%) of the reward to RMW factor accrues on Mondays (Monday–Tuesdays). That is, the RMW premium is essentially a Monday (or ‘early-in-the-week’) effect, which may reflect a ‘sound mind’ processing of information, over a weekend trading break, to recognize ‘value’. The weekday pattern in RMW remains robust over time (uniquely), and is a pervasive characteristic of ‘value’.

Selection of peritoneal dialysis among older eligible patients with end-stage renal disease.

Older patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are less likely to choose peritoneal dialysis (PD) over hemodialysis (HD). The reasons behind their choice of dialysis modality are not clear. This study seeks to determine the patient-perceived factors that influence ESRD patients' choice of dialysis modality among older ESRD patients who are deemed eligible for both PD and HD. All patients had completed a multidisciplinary modality assessment, were deemed eligible for both PD and HD, and had received modality education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and transcripts were read repeatedly to derive potential codes using line-by-line textual analysis. The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behaviour (COM-B) and Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF), validated tools that were developed for designing behavioral change interventions, were used to help guide the coding framework. Among older ESRD patients who are deemed eligible for both PD and HD, factors relevant to their modality decision-making were identified with respect to physical strength/dexterity and having a sound mind (capability), external forces and constraints (opportunity), and values and beliefs (motivation). Often a combination of factors led to an individual's choice of a particular dialysis modality. However, preferences for PD were primarily based around convenience and maintaining a normal life, while a heightened sense of security was the primary reason for those who selected HD. We have identified patient-perceived factors that influence choice of dialysis modality in older individuals with ESRD who are eligible for PD and HD. These factors should be considered and/or addressed within PD programs seeking to promote PD.

The right to physical integrity and informed refusal: Just how far does a patient’s right to refuse medical treatment go?

The article presents a legal analysis of the right to physical integrity as guaranteed by the South African Constitution, 1996, and the subsequent right of a competent adult person to refuse medical treatment under South African law. We consider whether the right to refuse treatment is an absolute right and very briefly reflect on the application of the constitutional limitations clause to this right. Instances in which patients’ right to physical integrity is limited by factors, which detract from (patient) autonomy, are considered: these represent a limitation of their right to refuse medical treatment. We conclude that forced medical interventions, for the most part, are not desirable but, indeed, necessary in some narrowly defined circumstances. When a person makes a decision to refuse a medical intervention, which may seem unusual or may be perceived as irrational, it does not mean that person does not warrant the protection of the constitution and the courts. Provided that the patient makes an informed refusal while of sound mind, generally there is no reason to discredit his/her decision, difficult as it may be for others to accept. At all times the right to bodily integrity is pivotal in any health-related context and should not be lightly disregarded.

Sound Body Sound Mind? Physical Performance and the Risk of Dementia in the Oldest-Old: The 90+ Study.

To examine the longitudinal association between physical performance and risk of dementia in individuals aged 90 and older without dementia. Population-based longitudinal study. The 90+ Study, Laguna Woods, California. Men n = 176 and women n = 402 without dementia from The 90+ Study (n = 578, mean age 93.3). At baseline, 54% of participants were cognitively normal, and 46% had cognitive impairment, no dementia. Physical performance measures (4-m walk, 5 chair stands, handgrip, standing balance) were scored from 0 (unable to perform) to 4 (best performance). The outcome was dementia, diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria. Hazard ratios (HRs) for dementia in relation to baseline physical performance were estimated using Cox regression after adjustment for potential confounders. HRs and P-values for the overall Wald chi-square are reported to show the magnitude of each physical performance measure and the strength of the association between each measure and incident dementia. Poor physical performance in most measures was associated with greater risk of incident dementia over a mean follow-up of 2.6 years (range 0.6-9.0 years). After controlling for potential confounders, standing balance had the strongest association with incident dementia (HRs = 1.9-2.5, overall P = .02), followed by 4-m walk (HRs = 1.1-1.8, overall P = .04) and handgrip (HRs = 1.0-2.0, overall P = .03). The association with five chair stands was not significant. In a subanalysis limited to cognitively normal participants, HRs were attenuated, but most remained in the same direction. Poor physical performance is associated with risk of developing dementia over an average 2.6-year follow-up in the oldest-old, indicating that poor physical performance may be an early sign of late-age dementia.

Smart City Make India and the Needed Labour Reforms

Gandhiji’s doctrine of Swatchh Bharath is based on two important proverbial statements such as: a) a sound mind in a sound body; b) cleanliness is next to Godliness but also lead to diseaselessness.The health of the nation lies in the health of citizens and thus, the imperative need for all citizens to maintain healthy and clean in every walk of life. In the present day, such a standard of life is possible, if one is made free from environmental hazards and all kinds of activities which pose a danger to life.

Project the day focused on physical activity and diet

<p>Healthy physical activity and well-balanced diet are means of maintaining and promoting health. The presented Project Day involving pupils of the 1<sup>st</sup> level of elementary school in Senice na Hané focuses on well-balanced diet and health enhancing physical activity in terms of the current educational reality. These two phenomena are inseparable. One is associated with the other, they complement each other. They are the two crucial aspects of a healthy lifestyle of each individual. Without a balanced and appropriate diet, physical activity of pupils is useless. The main objective of the Project Day called “A sound mind in a sound body” was to, in a playful way, familiarize the pupils with basic information concerning diet and health benefits of physical activity. The aim of the initial part was to motivate the pupils for activity at various activity points. This part included a brief introduction with information about division into groups, duration at various activity points (length of activity at a specific activity point and length of transfers between activity points). The pupils were shown a short sketch, which symbolised a “clash” between the importance of diet and physical activity for humans. In their groups, the pupils were supposed to answer the principal motivation question: What is healthier for a human? Healthy food or sport? The following main part of the Project Day held on 2 December 2014 was attended by 69 pupils and was organized as group work at various thematic activity points. Each group visited all activity points. Activity point 1 was called “Agile duck-bill”, where the pupils tried out and learned about various preconditions for certain types of physical activity. The key competences involved communication, personal, social, and learning. The second activity point was called “Forest supermarket” and focused on the issue of a sedentary lifestyle. The key competences involved communication, personal, social, learning, problem solving, professional, and civic. The following activity point called “Juicy blueberry” focused on determining the importance of fruit and vegetables in terms of a balanced diet. The key competences involved communication, personal, social, learning, professional, and civic. The fourth activity point was called “Oversalted chip”, where the pupils were supposed to understand the negative health consequences of consuming fast food. The key competences involved personal, social, learning, and professional. The last activity point called “Great pyramid” invited the pupils to place various types of food into a pyramid. The key competences involved learning, problem solving, communication, professional, social and personal, professional, civic.</p><p>During a break the pupils completed worksheets, and in groups though about the principal motivation question. The project was completed by a final assembly of all participants, and by joint reflection in classes.</p><p>The present paper is not a traditional field-based research study. This is a project day, which followed a previous questionnaire survey on pupils’ healthy lifestyle and anthropometric measurement of pupils under the following project: The epidemic of obesity – a common problem: knowledge transfer, education, prevention under Reg. No. PL.3.22/2.3.00/11.02576.</p>