Sound Intervention Research Articles

Precision Public Health and Structural Racism in the United States: Promoting Health Equity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response.

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed deeply entrenched structural inequalities that resulted in an excess of mortality and morbidity in certain racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Therefore, this paper examines from the US perspective how structural racism and defective data collection on racial and ethnic minorities can negatively influence the development of precision public health (PPH) approaches to tackle the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Importantly, the effects of structural and data racism on the development of fair and inclusive data-driven components of PPH interventions are discussed, such as with the use of machine learning algorithms to predict public health risks. The objective of this viewpoint is thus to inform public health policymaking with regard to the development of ethically sound PPH interventions against COVID-19. Particular attention is given to components of structural racism (eg, hospital segregation, implicit and organizational bias, digital divide, and sociopolitical influences) that are likely to hinder such approaches from achieving their social justice and health equity goals.

Similar species, different fates: Abundance dynamics in spatially structured populations of common and threatened frogs

AbstractAimUnderstanding which factors determine the variation in population size across space and time is crucial to plan sound conservation interventions. Amphibians are often characterized by large demographic changes, therefore a better understanding of factors driving these changes could help mitigate their global crisis. We investigated drivers of abundance dynamics of two similar frog species to understand why they met different fates in the same study area.LocationNorthern Italy.MethodsIn seven different years between 2004 and 2020, we performed repeated counts of egg masses of two similar frog species, the agile frog (Rana dalmatina) and the Italian agile frog (Rana latastei), in 31 wetlands, and used Bayesian models to estimate the relationships between frog abundance and candidate drivers acting at the scale of (i) site: wetland surface, shading percentage and the presence of the invasive red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii); (ii) landscape: forest cover around wetlands; (iii) climate: yearly precipitation and (iv) spatially structured population (SSP): clutch incidence of the focal species and crayfish incidence in the surrounding landscape.ResultsThe two species showed sharp differences in population size and trends: R. dalmatina was abundant and showed a stable trend throughout the entire study period; R. latastei showed low abundance in the first years and then almost disappeared. The abundance of R. dalmatina was positively related to forest cover, shading, wetland area and precipitation, while negatively related to the occurrence of invasive crayfish at both local and SSP level. R. latastei abundance increased with wetland area and precipitation, while models were not able to detect relationships with other factors.Main conclusionsThe high sensitivity to drought and demographic stochasticity could have contributed to the quasi‐extinction of R. latastei in the study area, highlighting that similar species can meet different fates even under the same environmental conditions.

Days-ahead water level forecasting using artificial neural networks for watersheds.

Watersheds of tropical countries having only dry and wet seasons exhibit contrasting water level behaviour compared to countries having four seasons. With the changing climate, the ability to forecast the water level in watersheds enables decision-makers to come up with sound resource management interventions. This study presents a strategy for days-ahead water level forecasting models using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for watersheds by conducting data preparation of water level data captured from a Water Level Monitoring Station (WLMS) and two Automatic Rain Gauge (ARG) sensors divided into the two major seasons in the Philippines being implemented into multiple ANN models with different combinations of training algorithms, activation functions, and a number of hidden neurons. The implemented ANN model for the rainy season which is RPROP-Leaky ReLU produced a MAPE and RMSE of 6.731 and 0.00918, respectively, while the implemented ANN model for the dry season which is SCG-Leaky ReLU produced a MAPE and RMSE of 7.871 and 0.01045, respectively. By conducting appropriate water level data correction, data transformation, and ANN model implementation, the results of error computation and assessment shows the promising performance of ANN in days-ahead water level forecasting of watersheds among tropical countries.

Efficacy of sound therapy interventions for tinnitus management: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background:Tinnitus is a common otological symptom and can be debilitating. Sound therapy has increased in popularity due to its potential for increased efficacy and fewer and milder side effects, but the available evidence is limited by the lack of randomized controlled trials comparing different sound therapies for tinnitus. Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a useful tool to compare multiple treatments when there is limited or no direct evidence available. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of different sound therapies for tinnitus.Methods and analysis:A literature search was conducted to identify articles in EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature, and Wanfang and Weipu from inception to April 1, 2021. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, Tinnitus Questionnaire, and effective rate were used to assess perceived tinnitus suppression after treatment. We used Review Manager 5.4 for the standard meta-analysis; R 4.0.4 and Stata 15.1 were used for the NMA and the publication bias and sensitivity analyses.Results:The effect estimates of the direct comparisons (when available) were very similar to those of the NMA. Overall, sound stimulation alone performed better than medication alone, educational consultation alone, and no treatment. Combination therapy, such as sound stimulation plus educational consultation and sound stimulation plus drug therapy, yielded significantly better outcomes with regard to the alleviation of tinnitus than individual treatments.Conclusion:This is the first NMA to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of different sound therapies for the management of tinnitus. It may help inform the selection of sound therapy and the development of guidelines in clinical practice. Future studies of sound therapy with larger sample sizes involving multiple medical centers are needed to improve the current evidence.

The concept of family engagement in education: What are the implications for school‐based rehabilitation service providers?

AbstractThe concept of family engagement within the rehabilitation literature focuses on clinic‐based therapy sessions and is not particularly relevant to therapists working in school settings. In this study, we explored the concept of family engagement as represented in the education literature to provide school‐based therapists with a better understanding of this concept in the school context. We applied scoping review methods for the literature search and screening process, and utilised concept evaluation methodology for our analysis of included articles. Specifically, we examined concept evaluation components, including definition, characteristics, boundaries, preconditions, and outcomes. The search strategy yielded 7112 documents, of which 17 met inclusion criteria. We did not find a clear definition of family engagement in the extant literature; however, there were some common characteristics. Our analysis of boundaries indicated family engagement and parent involvement are not synonymous but are closely linked. We also identified several preconditions for family engagement in education, including: an inviting and inclusive school culture; a broad understanding of engagement; positive educator‐family relationships; and families’ confidence, beliefs and supportive life contexts. Associated outcomes included academic achievement, high school completion and child social‐emotional functioning. We proposed a broad definition based on our analysis of the included articles. Adopting a broad definition of family engagement is important for educators and school‐based therapists to ensure families feel their efforts are meaningful. Educators and school‐based therapists should consider their actions in supporting the individual needs of families, and the identified preconditions that support family engagement. Context and implicationsRationale for this studyThere is confusion around the term ‘family engagement’ in education. This impacts educators and school‐based rehabilitation service providers who have a difficult time engaging with families in the school setting.Why the new findings matterThe findings are essential groundwork for the development of conceptually sound family engagement interventions in both education and school‐based rehabilitation services.Implications for PracticeThis study highlights many implications for practice. To ensure successful partnerships and engagement from all stakeholders, it is imperative that school administrators and educators establish a welcoming, culturally sensitive environment for all families. Additionally, therapists and educators need to be able to support families with diverse backgrounds around navigating the education and healthcare systems. Further training is required to provide culturally sensitive and responsive services to all families. Lastly, the findings demonstrate a need for a broad understanding of family engagement that allows families who engage in non‐traditional ways to feel welcomed and respected in the school space. ​

The Effectiveness of Facial Expression Recognition in Detecting Emotional Responses to Sound Interventions in Older Adults With Dementia.

This research uses facial expression recognition software (FaceReader) to explore the influence of different sound interventions on the emotions of older people with dementia. The field experiment was carried out in the public activity space of an older adult care facility. Three intervention sound sources were used, namely, music, stream, and birdsong. Data collected through the Self-Assessment Manikin Scale (SAM) were compared with facial expression recognition (FER) data. FaceReader identified differences in the emotional responses of older people with dementia to different sound interventions and revealed changes in facial expressions over time. The facial expression of the participants had significantly higher valence for all three sound interventions than in the intervention without sound (p < 0.01). The indices of sadness, fear, and disgust differed significantly between the different sound interventions. For example, before the start of the birdsong intervention, the disgust index initially increased by 0.06 from 0 s to about 20 s, followed by a linear downward trend, with an average reduction of 0.03 per 20 s. In addition, valence and arousal were significantly lower when the sound intervention began before, rather than concurrently with, the start of the activity (p < 0.01). Moreover, in the birdsong and stream interventions, there were significant differences between intervention days (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Furthermore, facial expression valence significantly differed by age and gender. Finally, a comparison of the SAM and FER results showed that, in the music intervention, the valence in the first 80 s helps to predict dominance (r = 0.600) and acoustic comfort (r = 0.545); in the stream sound intervention, the first 40 s helps to predict pleasure (r = 0.770) and acoustic comfort (r = 0.766); for the birdsong intervention, the first 20 s helps to predict dominance (r = 0.824) and arousal (r = 0.891).

Establishment of a psychological intervention mechanism for healthcare workers facing public health emergencies in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak.

The novel coronavirus disease pandemic is an unprecedented challenge globally. Medical personnel have been playing a leading role by fighting at the forefront against the pandemic and are the backbone of the fight against the epidemic. These frontline medical workers are under enormous psychological pressure and are prone to overwork and stress, as well as depression depletion, anxiety, insomnia, frustration, or self‐blame in the face of patient deaths. Active psychological crisis interventions for medical staff fighting the pandemic are important protect and promote to maintain their occupational health. Based on China's experience, this paper describes the importance of organizational leadership, emergency psychological crisis interventions in pandemics, and psychological intervention measures for medical staff. It cites useful explorations from different regions and makes suggestions for establishing a sound psychological intervention mechanism.

Suitability External Morphology and Some Biometric Characteristics of the Deep-water Redfish Actinopyga echinites (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) in Cabgan Island, Barobo, Surigao del Sur, Philippines

Actinopyga echinites (Jaeger, 1833) is among the most exploited holothurians for exports in the Philippines. Despite its economic significance, the lack of management initiatives resulted in declining wild stocks. This study provides information on external morphology and biometric characteristics like length-weight relationship and condition factor of A. echinites for proper management and sustainability. The study was conducted conducted in dry (March to May 2021) and wet (June to August 2021) seasons in Cabgan Island, Barobo, Surigao del Sur, where two stations with three plots (10 × 10m) were laid as monitoring stations. The results revealed that A. echinites showed coloration and shape variation to adapt to their environment. Higher mean length (7.7cm) and significantly higher mean weight (41.5g) were observed in A. echinites in Station 2 than the ones in Station 1 (p &lt; 0.05). Both stations had a higher length (7.8cm and 8.4cm) and weight (38.4g and 49.7g) during wet than dry months, but only Station 2 showed significant differences for the two parameters. The population showed a negative allometric growth resulting in its leaner shape, with the slope of regression lines being 1.89 and 1.82 in Station 1 and 1.75 and 1.97 in Station 2 for the dry and wet months, respectively. Both stations recorded high condition factors but significantly higher during the wet season (p &lt; 0.05). Further study on the reproductive biology and environmental characteristics is needed to enhance scientifically sound management interventions for the conservation and sustainability of A. echinites populations.

Sleep Interventions for Informal Caregivers of Persons with Dementia: A Systematic Review.

We conducted a systematic review on the state of the science related to sleep interventions for informal caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease or related dementia (ADRD). This review included English-written, peer-reviewed articles that studied the effect of an intervention on sleep health outcomes for informal caregivers of persons with ADRD. Our search yielded 15 articles that met our a priori inclusion criteria. We categorized interventions into four categories: environmental, physical, cognitive, and collaborative. Intervention effects were heterogeneous, with most yielding nonsignificant sleep health effects. There is a need for theoretically sound and robust sleep health interventions for informal caregiver samples. Future research in this area could benefit from the use of more controlled, pragmatic, and adaptive research designs, and the use of objective measures that conceptually represent the multiple domains of sleep health to enhance intervention quality.

Designing Better Interventions: Insights from Research on Decent Work

Based on our experience of carrying out theoretically and practically sound interventions to improve working conditions in global supply chains, we show what makes interventions succeed or fail and what is required to ensure that an intervention’s results are sustainable in the future. Our suggestions are applicable to designing any intervention in supply chain research, but need tailoring to the local context. Our interventions were aimed at achieving decent working conditions in emerging‐country suppliers, but our insights are applicable for all supply chain scholars. In the context of emerging‐country suppliers, poor working conditions have been strongly criticized after the Rana Plaza accident and subsequently received more attention with the UN’s introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals (notably, SDG 8). Tensions between productivity‐enhancing and decent work logics create challenges for the design of interventions with long‐lasting performance improvements. This paper presents a way of overcoming the tensions by illustrating how interventions that integrate improvements in working conditions with productivity can be designed.

Effect of Implementing Evidence Based Nursing Guideline on Nurses’ Performance Related to Care Providing for Children at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Abstract. Evidence-based nursing guideline increases the quality of patient care and closes the gap between research outcomes and practice, Evidence Based Practice (EBP) is the use of current research evidence combined with clinical expertise as well as patient values to formulate sound interventions that ultimately improve the quality of patient care .Aim of the study: was to determine the effect of implementing evidence based nursing Guideline on nurses‟ performance related to care providing for children at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. A quasi-experimental research design was used. Subjects and Method: A conveniences sampling of 40 nurses. Two tools were used to collect the data: Sociodemographic characteristic, nurses' knowledge of Evidence Based Nursing guideline and nurses' practice of Evidence Based nursing by using observational check list. The results revealed that significant improvement in nursing knowledge and practice after the implementation of Evidence Based nursing guideline. Conclusion most of the nurses have poor knowledge and practice score pre implementation and significant increase post implementation. Recommendation: Nurses should provide knowledge and practice in accessing and appraising research that is relevant to their practice guideline. Besides, it is also crucial that the organizations should provide the facilities and support in implementing evidence-based performance guidelines to optimize child nursing care

A structured expert judgement elicitation approach: how can it inform sound intervention decision-making to support household food security?

To examine structured expert judgement (SEJ) elicitation as a method to provide robust, defensible data for three determinants of household food security (food cost, household disposable income and physical access) for quantifying a proof-of-concept integrating decision support system for food security. SEJ elicitation is a validated method for obtaining unavailable data, but its use in household food security in high-income countries is novel. Investigate Discuss Estimate Aggregate (IDEA) elicitation protocol was implemented, including quantitative and qualitative elements. Using specific questions related to three determinants, food security experts were encouraged to Investigate - estimate individual first-round responses to these questions, Discuss - with each other evidence on the reasoning and logic of their estimates, Estimate - second-round responses, following which these judgements were combined using mathematical Aggregation. Victoria, Australia. Five experts with a range of expertise in the area of household food insecurity participated in the SEJ elicitation process. The experts' ability to provide reliable estimates was tested and informed the aggregation of the collection of individual estimates into a single quantity of interest for use in decision support. The results of the quantitative elicitation show the impact of combinations of varying household income, food cost and physical access on household food security status and severity and is supported by the experts reasoning during elicitation. This research provides insight to the application of SEJ where elicited data can inform and support intervention decision-making specific to household food security, especially where evidence is absent or of poor quality.

Ayurvedic Herbal Preparation Supplementation Does Not Improve Metabolic Health in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Subjects; Observations from a Randomised Placebo Controlled Trial.

The increased usage of alternative Ayurvedic treatments as potential health-beneficial therapies emphasizes the importance of studying its efficacy in sound placebo-controlled intervention trials. An example of such a traditional Ayurvedic herbal preparation is Mohana Choorna, a mixture composed of 20 different herbs and used to prevent and treat type 2-diabetes (T2D). We studied the efficacy of “Mohana Choorna” on T2D-related parameters in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. In a double blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial, 19 overweight (BMI > 27 kg/m2) subjects aged 50–70 years with an impaired glucose tolerance received two four-week interventions, i.e., herbal or placebo with a four-week wash-out between interventions. HbA1c, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, blood pressure and augmentation index were measured before and after both interventions at fasting and during a glucose tolerance test. After both interventions, urine was collected to measure treatment exposure using LCMS-based metabolomics and whole genome gene-expression in adipose tissue of 13 subjects. The herbal intervention did not affect plasma glucose triglycerides, cholesterol, blood pressure or the augmentation index but showed a trend towards an increased insulin, HOMA-IR and postprandial insulin levels (p = 0.054, p = 0.056 and p = 0.095 respectively). An increase in expression of inflammation-related gene sets in adipose tissue was observed after the herbal intervention compared to placebo. Urine metabolomic analysis did not reveal a correlation of the presence of specific plant metabolites with “health markers”. Our findings suggest that there is no substantiating evidence to claim that four weeks’ use of the Ayurvedic herbal supplement Mohana Choorna beneficially affects glucose homeostasis.

Sound installation art and the intervention of urban public space in Latin America

This paper explores the relationship between sound installation art and the appropriation of urban public spaces in Latin America. Latin America is a continent full of contrasts, and in various places throughout the countries, space refl ects the history of each nation through its architecture. We fi nd pre-Hispanic pyramids coexisting with colonial churches and modern buildings. In the last two decades, these sites have been used for purposes other than those for which they were created. On the one hand, these spaces have been used to provide cultural experiences for people in areas that cannot access traditional venues such as concert halls. On the other hand, political manifestations have adopted such places as icons of social change, and sound has been used to provide a social/cultural meaning, using the space as a medium. These activities have changed the ways in which audiences and creators relate to sound and space. This research paper explores how sound art and technology have been used to re-formulate public space in cities. The study analyses the strategies of major works and installations (that have used space as a medium of creation over the last twenty years in Latin America) from social and spatial perspectives. This paper highlights the potential of sound installation art and intervention of space as a way to engage audiences in urban contexts.

Promoting emotional wellness in children with CF, part II: Mental health assessment and intervention.

This is the second of two companion papers that examine the emotional wellness of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) during the early years of life, defined here as the period between birth and age 12. Both papers promote optimal mental health and well-being, with an emphasis on early identification and intervention. The first paper explores child and family resilience. Here, we discuss strategies for pediatric CF teams to provide routine, systematic mental health assessment, anticipatory guidance, brief intervention, and triage to evidence-based treatment when needed, while addressing barriers to accessing care. Many mental health conditions emerge before the age of 12, with the potential for lifelong effects on individuals, their families, and society. Living with a chronic illness such as CF can further increase the risk of mental health concerns and, in a bidirectional manner, their consequences for the quality of life, sustaining daily care, and health outcomes. There has been a significant focus in recent years on the mental health and wellness of adolescents and adults with CF, but less attention to specifics of depression and anxiety in younger children, or to other common pediatric comorbidities including trauma, developmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or autism spectrum disorder, and oppositional behavior. Given the availability of psychometrically sound screening instruments and effective interventions, routinely addressing the mental health of children with CF and their families is feasible to integrate within multidisciplinary CF care, allowing for a personalized approach respecting individual needs, values, and goals.

Differential Effects of Sound Intervention and Rest on Cardiovascular Parameters in Cancer Patients: A Randomized Cross-over Trial.

Background:Music therapy or sound interventions were shown to confer beneficial effects in patients with cancer for instance in terms of pain or fear relief and improvement of other patient reported outcomes. Cardiovascular parameters, especially heart rate variability (HRV) were found to have prognostic implications in cancer patients. In this trial we aimed to investigate the effects of a sound intervention on cardiovascular parameters compared to rest in patients with cancer.Methods and results:Using a randomized cross-over design, 52 patients (male 13, female 39) with cancer were recruited to receive both a 15-minute sound intervention and a 15-minute rest intervention within 4 weeks with at least a one-week blanking period. Cardiovascular parameters (among others HRV, aortic pulse wave velocity [PWV], augmentation index [Aix], aortic blood pressure [BP], heart rate [HR]) were assessed immediately before (pre) and after (post) the intervention had taken place. HRV (Root mean square of successive RR interval differences [RMSSD, ms]) significantly increased, during sound intervention (median RMSSD pre 24 [range 5-112] vs post 22 [range 9-141], P = .03). Likewise, median PWV, as a direct marker of arterial stiffness, was significantly reduced by sound intervention ([m/s] pre 8.5 [range 5.6-19.6] vs post 8.3 [range 5.6-15.6], P = .04). For both parameters no statistically significant change during rest was observed. HR was lowered by both, rest (P < .0001) and sound intervention (P = .02), with a more pronounced effect by rest. A significant increase in systolic aortic blood pressure was shown by rest ([mmHg] median 101 [range 78-150] vs post median 103 [range 71-152], P = .04) but not during sound intervention (P = .59), while rest intervention led to a decrease in resistance index (pre median 33 [range 13-92] vs post median 32 [11-84], P = .02).Conclusion:In comparison with rest, a single sound intervention in patients with cancer improved cardiovascular parameters commonly associated with increased stress levels. Studies with longer follow-up and multiple interventions are warranted.Trial Registration:ISRCTN registry 70947363.

Sustainable Development and Landscape Protection in Low-Income Urban Coastal Areas: Empowerment Through Sovereignty and Deliberative Participation

Background: The Government of Indonesia is currently implementing its Coastal Community Economic Empowerment Program or Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir (PEMP) to numerous coastal communities in the island of Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan and Nusa Tenggara. The program is geared to empower local coastal communities through its integrated, holistic vision, its local-based, participatory method, and its public-partnership approach. Locality is important since the program aims to induce local initiatives and retain social and economic progress within the area, taking into account its ecological carrying capacity. Method: The research is a qualitative inquiry using ethnomethodological tools and purposive, snowball sampling. The research was conducted in 2015-2016 in Cilacap, Central Java. Data analysis was conducted through tabulation, categorization, comparison, conceptualization and theorization. Results: Issues beset the government’s PEMP program, including its utilitarian framework to coastal resource governance, its adverse incorporation of small fishermen into the fishing industries, and its unsustainable public-private partnership to promote entrepreneurial growth. Attempts to resolve those issues include ensuring that funding for the PEMP program is incorporated within the yearly provincial and regency budgets and regulations, instilling consensus building over the program’s direction and activities with local communities and the private sector through the Provincial and Regency Level People’s Representative Council, and brokering with local communities and the private sector to achieve workable common ground should conflicts arise. Conclusion: Establishing sound intervention policies and programs require securing flexibility and adaptive management capacity through negotiations and brokering.

Penggunaan Non Speech Oral Motor Treatment (NSOMT) Sebagai Pendekatan Intervensi Gangguan Bunyi Bicara

Background : Non Speech Oral Motor Treatment’s (NSOMT) is a collective term that require active and passive training of speech musculature (Lof &amp; Watson, 2008). Controversy of use this method was found in several publication. Researcher notes many questions about NSOMT efication. Aim of study is to gather information about utility NSOMT among Speech Therapist’s in Central Java. Isssue of Evidence Based Practice (EBP)implementation was crucial to be answer. This study was to analyse use of NSOMT among central java clinicians who treat children with speech sound disorder. Methods: This study was conducted in March until July 2019. Total 146 speech therapist across Central Java was participated on this study. Data analysis used descriptive statistic and Spearman Rank. Results: 84,9% speech therapist in Central Java used NSOMT to treat children who have speech sound disorder. Education level had a correlation with utility NSOMT in speech sound intervention (OR: 4.61; 95%: 1.44-14.72; p: 0.010). Conclusions: The results suggested similar finding with survey was conducted before. Speech therapist needs to improve their knowledge about EBP and its implementation.

Considerations on the relationship between dialectal variation and therapeutic approaches to speech disorders

In healthcare, phenomena which are frequent and expected in a given community or culture are considered normal. However, the criteria currently used to determine when speech sound interventions should be performed do not adhere to this standard, and do not take into account patients’ psychosocial characteristics, but rather continue to follow the biomedical model. After a review of the relevant literature, we propose that new criteria for speech sound evaluation and intervention are needed. We argue that such criteria should be developed by a multidisciplinary group made up of experts in healthcare, education and the social sciences, using a descriptivist framework and adhering to the biopsychosocial model.

Barriers and facilitators of physical activity participation in adults living with type 1 diabetes: a systematic scoping review.

To identify and map barriers and facilitators of physical activity (PA) in adults living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in any care setting or environment. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines to address the aim of this review. Exclusion/inclusion criteria were determined a priori. Articles captured in the search were subject to title and abstract screening before full-text articles were assessed for eligibility against the exclusion/inclusion criteria. Included articles underwent critical appraisal before being charted, mapped, and discussed. Forty-six articles were included in the final synthesis. Most commonly, articles reported cross-sectional survey studies (46%), then qualitative designs (17%), and opinion or text (17%). Experimental studies accounted for 13% of included articles. Hypoglycaemia/fear of hypoglycaemia was the most commonly reported barrier and patient education the most commonly discussed facilitator. Quality appraisal revealed methodological issues among included articles. Higher quality research with theoretically sound behaviour-change interventions combined with targeted patient education is needed to address hypoglycaemia/fear of hypoglycaemia as a barrier to PA. Novelty: Hypoglycaemia and fear of hypoglycaemia were the most commonly reported barriers to PA in adults with T1D. Powered randomised controlled trials are required to establish efficacy of behaviour change interventions targeting these barriers to PA.