Sorted Household Waste Research Articles

The ECO-FERMENTASI DAN APLIKASINYA PADA LAHAN MARGINAL DI DESA REULEUT BARAT ACEH UTARA

ABSTRACT
 Reuleut Barat is a village assisted by Malikussaleh University which is classified Inceptisol soil as sub-optimal land that has a low pH and comes from low of organic matter. The low quality of land in the West Reuleut area as marginal land that is less productive has an impact on the low income and welfare of its people. The limitations of productive land can be overcome by the application of biotechnology innovations by utilizing microorganisms through the application of organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers can be obtained from a waste processing process known as the 3R (reuse, reduce and recycle). Making eco-fermentation is done by sorting household waste as an initial step in producing organic fertilizer by processing vegetable waste materials such as fruit peels such as papaya, pineapple, oranges which are added with molasses as an activator of microorganisms in the fermentation process so that the final product obtained is a liquid that is easy to use in its application to the ground. The application of Eco-fermentation fertilizers as organic materials containing microflora has a role in increasing the activity of marginal soil microorganisms into productive land through the weathering process of soil organic matter which can improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil so that ultimately it can increase soil fertility which can increase crop production of Reuleut Barat village.
 Keywords: eco-fermentation, sub-optimal land, organic-waste

Edukasi Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik Dari Rumah Tangga Menjadi Ecobrick

The problem of waste is always an interesting thing that never runs out to find a solution. One of them is plastic packaging waste that is widely used by the community and cannot be decomposed again by nature. In line with the SDGs issue, Indonesia is the second largest country that disposes of plastic waste in the world after China. This is very dangerous for the natural beauty of Indonesia's vast seas, and destroys a very diverse ecosystem. Existing plastic waste that comes from household waste, it can be used easily and cheaply into Ecobrick. Ecobrick is a term for the result of managing plastic waste into a brick that can be used as useful items such as chairs or tables. This plastic waste management training activity was carried out for housewives in Cibitung Tengah Village, Bogor Regency to find out the use of plastic waste that can be recycled to be used as useful goods. In addition, to provide awareness of the importance of sorting household waste in order to help preserve nature.
 Keywords: ecobricks, management, household, plastic waste

Enhancing Public Participation in The Process of Sorting Household Waste from the Source from the Housewives Point of View

This papers attempted to address the problem of enhancing public participation in sorting household waste at the source from the point of view of housewives. We use a survey based method for a sample of household.
 We found that there is great wiling from housewives to participate in sorting household waste if it was adopted by the authorized authority. Also, We also found that the factors of law and social norm are more important statistically than the factors of financial motivation, and just as important as knowledge and know-how factors as factors to enhance the contribution of housewives in the strategy of sorting waste from the source, noting that all of these factors are important, but with a slight variation in importance.

ANALISIS RESPON MAHASISWA TERHADAP PEMILAHAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA MELALUI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH BERBASIS ZERO WASTE

Waste has great potential in local environmental conditions, especially for health, including household waste. The more the population and the industrial growth rate have increased, the more waste will be produced. Zero waste based management is capable of selecting, composting, and collecting saleable items. This study aims to Analysis of college student responses to household waste sorting through waste management based on zero waste. This research design uses descriptive method with research samples aimed at Jember University students. As for the sampling technique of 73 respondents, where data collection was carried out by structured interviews through questionnaires. The results showed that the college students' response at the University of Jember was good and played an active role in sorting household waste through zero waste based management. However, some students still have not implemented it in their habit of disposing of garbage every day. It can be seen that 54.8% of respondents only collect garbage and 34.2% of respondents burn garbage.

Place of Environmental Management in Ukraine in the System of Modeling Management of Sustainable Development of the Region

The level of dependence of the ecological state and its management in the Khmelnytsky region of Ukraine on the welfare of the population of this region is analyzed. The relationship between the level of income of the population of the region and the level of motivation of the same population in the sorting of buildings using a systematic approach within the ecological and economic system. The shift of consumption by the population of the region from the non-food sector to the food sector causes not only a change in parity in the triangle "man - business entity - nature", but also proves the lack of public interest in sorting household waste. This level of social responsibility and motivation of the region's population will indicate non-compliance with the goals of sustainable development of the region. The model of dependence of need for sorting of waste on the level of income of the population offered by us in article confirms it. The forecast of income growth of the population of Khmelnytsky region makes it possible to make assumptions about the growing interest of the population in sorting household waste, which will ultimately contribute to the sustainable development of the region

Investigating intention and behaviour towards sorting household waste in Chinese rural and urban–rural integration areas

The vast output of household waste has become a terrible environmental problem with the rapid growth of social development and population in China. Several pilot cities have introduced related policies to regulate urban residents in sorting household waste. Although existing research has concentrated on sorting waste intentions and behaviours amongst urban residents, especially in pilot cities or other large cities, waste produced in non-city areas should not be neglected. Accordingly, this study identified the determinants influencing waste sorting intentions and behaviours of residents in rural or urban–rural integration areas by incorporating the theory of planned behaviour and norm-activation model. A total of 241 residents completed valid questionnaires, and the collected data were empirically analysed through covariance-based structural equation modelling. Results implied that behavioural attitude and perceived behavioural control were the most significant predictors of sorting waste intention and behaviour. Meanwhile, personal moral norms and subjective norms also presented positive effects on behavioural intention. Awareness of consequence had a significant influence on personal moral norm rather than behavioural intention. After empirical analysis, this study proposed several managerial implications regarding waste problems in rural and urban–rural integration areas in China.

Готовность населения к раздельному сбору твердых коммунальных отходов (на примере одноразовых подгузников)

The relevance of the study is due to the constantly growing environmental damage caused by used disposable diapers. The purpose of the study was to determine the potential of public participation in the disposal of disposable diapers. Objectives: to determine the intensity and volume of use of disposable diapers, the possibility of abandoning them and switching to alternatives, to determine the readiness of the population for the disposal of household waste, including disposable diapers. The research methodology is based on the scientific concepts of the reform of solid municipal waste management (garbage reform), which involves the involvement of citizens in the process of solving socially significant environmental problems. The analysis of the population's attitude to the disposal of disposable diapers was carried out on the basis of data from mass sociological surveys conducted by the authors in 2020. The results of the study make it possible to state: the use of disposable diapers has become an integral part of parents' lives and the rejection of this hygiene product is unlikely to happen in the near future, therefore, the relevance of recycling and recycling of disposable diapers will not be reduced. The target audience of users of disposable diapers is mainly married women aged 26 to 45 years, living in a nucleic family of 3-4 people in apartment buildings without a trash or private houses. The income per family member in the target group ranges from one to two times the minimum wage. The target group under study considers the problem of sorting household waste to be important and is ready to separate disposable diapers from household waste. Under these conditions, economic incentives are needed to implement separate collection. The possibility of receiving bonuses when buying a new batch of goods or providing free packaging of used diapers can positively influence the decision to separate a disposable diaper from household waste. Conslusions. The authors conclude that the authorities should take into account the results of the survey before developing measures for the disposal of disposable diapers and draw conclusions about how to come to a compromise solution.

Bokashi Fertilizer Production from Waste Processing at Rusunawa Muara Baru

Waste that is not managed well may potentially cause diseases and negatively affect the quality of life. Rusunawa Muara Baru, Jakarta, is one of our partner communities that need continuous training in all aspects, including waste management. Therefore, the present community service program was carried out to educate the residents of Rusunawa Muara Baru on the importance of sorting waste and how to process household organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer and bokashi compost. The program was conducted twice in two weeks. At the first meeting, an introductory questionnaire was distributed, an interactive discussion was performed, and a fertilizer production workshop using simple composters was initiated. Two weeks later, the composting results were evaluated, and the participants filled out the evaluation questionnaire. Approximately 83% of the participants agreed to sort household waste after the program was completed, which showed the participants' increasing awareness in waste processing. The liquid biofertilizer produced was used for planting vegetable seeds even though it still had a foul odour. The quality of the compost produced, however, was still below expectations. We suggest that in the future, education and workshops on simple household-scale composting methods capable of producing good quality liquid organic fertilizer and compost without odour should be conducted.

PELATIHAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DI DESA KEDUNGSUMUR, KECAMATAN KREMBUNG, KABUPATEN SIDOARJO

The existence of waste in the environment, especially household waste needs to be addressed by waste management using a simple method, namely waste sorting. The training in this community service aims to: (1) Increase the knowledge of the community of Kedung Sumur Village regarding household waste management. (2) Empowering the community in sorting household waste. The target audience of PPM activities is Mr. and Housewives in Kedungsumur Village as many as 35 people. The PPM activity method uses the lecture method and question and answer discussion. The steps of PPM activities are lectures to explain the concept of the environment, classification of waste, types of organic waste, types of inorganic waste, examples of sorted waste bins. To measure the level of understanding, questionnaire analysis was carried out by the participants. Overall service activities can be said to be good and successful, seen from the success of the target number of trainees (> 100%), the activeness of participants in discussion sessions (> 50%), and the ability of participants in mastering the material seen from the results of the questionnaire, where > 80% participants successfully answered correctly > 5 questions for each category of questions.

PELATIHAN PENGOMPOSAN SAMPAH ORGANIK DENGAN SISTEM TAKAKURA PADA SISWA MA DARUL ULUM WARU

The existence of waste in the environment, especially household waste needs to be addressed by waste management using a simple method, namely waste sorting. The training in this community service aims to: (1) Increase the knowledge of the community of Kedung Sumur Village regarding household waste management. (2) Empowering the community in sorting household waste. The target audience of PPM activities is Mr. and Housewives in Kedungsumur Village as many as 35 people. The PPM activity method uses the lecture method and question and answer discussion. The steps of PPM activities are lectures to explain the concept of the environment, classification of waste, types of organic waste, types of inorganic waste, examples of sorted waste bins. To measure the level of understanding, questionnaire analysis was carried out by the participants. Overall service activities can be said to be good and successful, seen from the success of the target number of trainees (> 100%), the activeness of participants in discussion sessions (> 50%), and the ability of participants in mastering the material seen from the results of the questionnaire, where > 80% participants successfully answered correctly > 5 questions for each category of questions.

Pemberdayaan Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Desa Ambarketawang dalam Pengolahan Limbah Rumah Tangga

WOMEN FARMERS EMPOWERMENT OF AMBARKETAWANG VILLAGE IN HOUSEHOLD WASTE TREATMENT. People in Ambaraketawang village have begun to have awareness about the dangers of burning rubbish and littering. However, awareness of sorting and processing household waste is still not done. Garbage is only collected and finally transferred to the TPA (Tempat Pembuangan Akhir). The purpose of this activity is to provide counseling, training and assistance in processing household waste. This activity is an effort to reduce and manage household waste into something that has a use value, especially for members of the Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) in processing household waste. The activity was divided into several sessions including counseling on waste sorting, training on making organic liquid fertilizer, training on making organic liquid fertilizer from local microorganisms, training on composting using the Takakura method, counseling on product quality standards, and counseling on product packaging. The results obtained from this activity are increasing knowledge and skills of participants in the processing of household waste through community empowerment.

Supporting Household Waste Sorting Practices by Addressing Information Gaps

Abstract The Danish government has outlined a target of recycling 50% of total household waste by the year 2022 and transitioning to a circular economy in the future. Improving household waste sorting is an important consideration toward achieving this goal. This paper focuses on understanding existing waste sorting practices among Danish residents. We conducted a preliminary survey (N = 180) that assessed preference for sorting strategies and the types of waste sorted. Following this, a more detailed survey was conducted (N = 357) that assessed residents’ motivation to sort household waste, knowledge of local sorting requirements, information gaps that prevent effective sorting, and need for specific features in a mobile application. Results show that over one-third of respondents felt they needed additional waste sorting information. Respondents had fewer inaccuracies disposing items within a single waste stream (e.g., electronics waste) compared to items with mixed waste streams (e.g., milk carton with a plastic cap). Based on these findings, we propose the design of a mobile application that can potentially support household waste sorting in Denmark.

Survey on Household Solid Waste Sorting at Source in Developing Economies: A Case Study of Nur-Sultan City in Kazakhstan

The exponential population growth in urban areas makes existing solid waste management policies and strategies challenging. The situation becomes more strenuous in fast-growing cities where increasing waste production can hardly be met by the capacity of existing facilities. Practices like waste prevention, recycling, reuse, and recovery are fundamental elements needed for the reduction of solid waste disposed in landfills, especially in fast-growing cities where more sustainable management practices need to be adopted. This study investigated the behavioral attitudes of citizens of the capital of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan (former Astana), towards household solid waste disposal and separation at the source. The survey was conducted through stratified random sampling during April and July of 2018 with the participation of 3281 respondents. It is the first attempt, to our knowledge, of assessing recycling trends in Kazakhstan from the household perspective. The results showed that 24% of respondents were already sorting household solid waste despite the absence of a separation system at the source. The study further demonstrated that separation at source could be effective if the local authorities were to introduce sound public awareness campaigns and install recycling bins in close proximity to residential buildings.

An anthropology of waste

ABSTRACTThis article discusses plastic and other solid household waste in both rural and urban Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (Special Region of Yogyakarta) and integrates several practical and theoretical perspectives in its analysis. An exploration of the everyday littering practices of the Javanese people is combined with analysis of their particular ways of relating to the environment. This study reveals that an abstract notion of nature is not seen as crucial by most actors. Rather, what counts for individuals is their immediate social environment. Government officials are increasing efforts to raise awareness of the issues at hand, and to encourage citizens to sort household waste and to recycle. However, bottom-up initiatives such as community-based ‘waste banks’, communal clean-ups and ‘recycle fashion’ street carnivals that address various social, economic, and emotional aspects of waste have proven much more efficient. Thus, a tentative path to transform the waste problem that, in the authors’ perspective, challenges the notions of growth, modernisation, and human-nonhuman relations is seen in Java in the mobilisation of the local, social and moral world. However, it is not certain that this will generate a less consumptive lifestyle leading to the much needed reduction of waste.

Implementation of Automated Lines for Sorting and Recycling Household Waste as an Important Goal of Environmental Protection

The principles of selection and creation of rational methods of disposal and recycling of wastes are based on the fact that the problem of waste is an interconnected environmental-economic and technological problem, and the waste itself should be considered as technogenic raw materials of complex organo-mineral composition. Therefore, the main purpose of the work is to define methods for recycling waste and their environmental aspects. To achieve this goal, the methods of analysis, spectroscopy were used. It is determined that the final treatment of waste, to date, means either their disposal in a landfill or incineration, which adversely affects the environment. Methods for identifying the material of the object, as well as algorithms for the selection and recognition of objects by processing data from the computer vision system are considered. High accuracy is shown in 94.12% identification of plastic polymers.

Community Participation in Household Waste Management: An Exploratory Study in Indonesia

The increased population and economic of the community indirectly affect the amount of household waste produced by the community. Unfortunately, this is not accompanied by good waste management from the community level. Management of household waste at the community level can be done by sorting waste. The habit of people to dispose of garbage without sorting can be a problem in implementing 3R activities (Recycling, Reducing, and Reusing). The purpose of this study is to find out what factors influence the community in sorting household waste. This research is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) which considers several factors such as attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral controls to influence someone to make intentions in behavior and expand the TPB conceptual model to overcome gaps. The results of this study came from a survey with 301 respondents in two locations namely DKI Jakarta and Depok. The results of this study indicate that attitudinal factors have the most significant influence on the intention and behavior of sorting garbage. While other factors such as demographics, subjective norms and perceptions of behavioral control do not have a significant effect.

PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK TANI DESA SAMBIREJO MELALUI PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH TERPADU GUNA PENYEDIAAN ENERGI ALTERNATIF DAN PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN KELUARGA

C ommunity services activity group on empowerment of farmers group in sambirejo trhrouh integrated process of waste to energy alternative and improvement of family income have been done. This activity aims to improve the welfare of the villagers in sambirejo especially members of Amanah Farmer Group and Makmur Jaya Farmer Group through community based integrated waste. In this activity, training of garbage separation of organic and inorganic, making organic fertilizer/compost with Takakura method, making handicrafts from plastic packaging waste and biogas installation which is expected to produce alternative energy to replace LPG and firewood for daily cooking. The implementation of these activities carried out by two methods : (1) counseling and discussion about separating domestic waste, products can be made from waste, and what types of waste can be used, (2) demonstration and practice on how to make compost with Takakura method, and biogas installations on both partners. Through these activities are expected to members of the two groups of farmers, especially the women will be able to sort household waste properly and process the waste into products which has economic value that can create small-scale domestic industry that would be able to contribute to the family and the environment. K eywords : Farmer’s Group, Waste, Takakura, Plastic Pack, Economic Product

Study of Domestic SRF Quality Changes Depending on the Changes in SRF Regulations and Raw Materials

The goal of domestic SRF (Solid Refuse Fuel) regulation changes, which have been mitigated-, is to make the increased use of combustible waste. SRF’s standard (LHV; Low Heating Value) has been changed in from 6,000 kcal/kg to 3,500 kcal/kg. Fluff type SRF, which is made of the simple shredded waste in plant or construction sites, have been recognized as SRF. The SRF’s qualities such as calorific value, ash content, and chloride content, were more degraded than the changes before. Low LHV SRFs (below 6,000 kcal/kg)- increased by 12%. SRFs with a low ash content (below 5 wt. %) decreased by 13%. Good grade SRFs with a chlorine content below 0.5 wt. % decreased. In addition, the SRFs originating from sorted household waste had good qualities, compared to SRFs from industrial waste.

The divisive and disruptive effect of a weight-based waste fee

The ability of economic incentives to promote environmentally friendly behavior has been questioned in the literature. Most studies investigating this issue are grounded in the agent-based rational choice model. The aim of this study is to expand our insights by applying an alternative theoretical framework combining elements from classical institutional economics and self-determination theory to study incentives for waste sorting. The analysis is based on data from a Norwegian municipality, Ulstein, which introduced and later terminated a differentiated waste fee. There are three main findings. First, the important role of normative motivation for sorting household waste is confirmed. Second, the economic incentive had a divisive effect on the motivation to sort household waste. Perceived autonomy linked to fundamental values about environmental concern seems to play an important role in explaining why half the sample reports no extra efforts in sorting waste as a response to the economic incentive. The other half was influenced by the external logic given to them (i.e., to save costs and hence report increased motivation to sort household waste). Finally, an increased practice of illegal waste disposal was observed as a response to the differentiated waste fee.

Measuring individual skills in household waste recycling: Implications for citizens' education and communication in six urban contexts

ABSTRACTThis article reports the analysis of six urban contexts in which a practical tool measuring individual skills concerning household waste recycling was tested. The tool is a structured questionnaire including a simulation task that assesses respondents' abilities to sort household waste adequately in a given context/municipality. Results indicate that the questionnaire can reach high levels of internal coherence and discrimination capacity and it can be administered together with a set of open-ended and closed questions to assess relationships with other relevant factors. Both the theoretical and applicative potentials of the instrument for educational and communicational domains are discussed.