Sorption Of Nickel Research Articles

Effect of pH on Removal of Cu, Cd, Zn, and Ni by Cement Kiln Dust in Aqueous Solution

ABSTRACTA batch experiment was conducted to study the effect of pH on the sorption of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) by cement kiln dust (CKD). The experiment was carried out by adding 25 mL of solutions containing concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/L of each of these heavy metal cations to 1.00 g of CKD. The pH of these suspensions was adjusted to 2, 5, and 7 as well as non-adjusted. The sorbed amount (Cs) and the sorption percentage of Cu, Cd, Zn, and Ni by CKD increased with increasing the suspension pH. The adsorption data of Cu, Cd, Zn, and Ni were generally well correlated with Langmuir model when the suspension pH was adjusted to 5, 7, non-adjusted and 7, respectively. However, they could be well described by Freundlich model when the suspension pH was adjusted to 5, 2, non-adjusted and 5, respectively.

Sorption of Nickel(II) on a Calcareous Aridisol Soil, China: Batch, XPS, and EXAFS Spectroscopic Investigations

The sorption of Ni(II) on a calcareous aridisol (CA) soil, one of the major soil types in northwestern China, was investigated using batch and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) approaches in a 0.01 mol/L NaClO4 solution at different pH values (6.0–10.0), temperatures (25–60 °C) and contact times (2–15 days). Under alkaline conditions, EXAFS analysis showed that the interatomic distances between Ni and O atoms (RNi-O) were approximately 2.04 Å with a typical coordination number (CN) of ~6.0 O atoms in the contact time range from 2 to 15 days. The RNi-Ni (~3.07 Å) suggested that the structure of the Ni(II) adsorbed on the CA soil was basically the same as that of Ni(OH)2(s), while the Ni-Al shell (RNi-Al ~3.16 Å) gradually formed and grew with the increasing contact time. Under weakly acidic conditions, the sorption mechanism of Ni(II) on the CA soil possibly included at least two processes: (i) a fast accumulation dominated by ion exchange and surface complexation and (ii) the formation of a Ni-Al LDH phase over the long term. A high temperature is beneficial to the fixation of Ni(II) on the CA soil and the formation of a Ni-Al LDH.

Production of High-Purity Anhydrous Nickel(II) Perrhenate for Tungsten-Based Sintered Heavy Alloys.

This paper presents a method for the production of high-purity anhydrous nickel(II) perrhenate. The method comprises sorption of nickel(II) ions from aqueous nickel(II) nitrate solutions, using strongly acidic C160 cation exchange resin, and subsequent elution of sorbed nickel(II) ions using concentrated perrhenic acid solutions. After the neutralization of the resulting rhenium-nickel solutions, hydrated nickel(II) perrhenate is then separated and then dried at 160 °C to obtain the anhydrous form. The resulting compound is reduced in an atmosphere of dissociated ammonia in order to produce a Re-Ni alloy powder. This study provides information on the selected properties of the resulting Re-Ni powder. This powder was used as a starting material for the production of 77W-20Re-3Ni heavy alloys. Microstructure examination results and selected properties of the produced sintered heavy alloys were compared to sintered alloys produced using elemental W, Re, and Ni powders. This study showed that the application of anhydrous nickel(II) perrhenate in the production of 77W-20Re-3Ni results in better properties of the sintered alloys compared to those made from elemental powders.

Biosolids application affects the competitive sorption and lability of cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc in fluvial and calcareous soils.

The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of biosolids on the competitive sorption and lability of the sorbed Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in fluvial and calcareous soils. Competitive sorption isotherms were developed, and the lability of these metals was estimated by DTPA extraction following their sorption. Sorption of all metals was higher in the fluvial than in the calcareous soil. Sorption of Cu and Pb was stronger than that of Cd, Ni, and Zn in all soils. Biosolids application (2.5%) reduced the sorption of all metals especially Cu and Pb (28-43%) in both soils (especially the calcareous soil) at the lower added metal concentrations (50 and 100mgL-1). However, it increased the sorption of all metals especially Pb and Cu in both soils (especially the calcareous soil; 15.5-fold for Cu) at the higher added concentrations (250 and 300mgL-1). Nickel showed the highest lability followed by Cd, Zn, and Pb in both soils. Biosolids increased the lability of the sorbed Ni in the fluvial soils at all added concentrations and the lability of Cd, Pb, and Zn at 50mgL-1, but decreased the lability of Cd, Pb, and Zn at 250 and 300mgL-1 in both soils. We conclude that at low loading rate (e.g., 50mgL-1) biosolids treatment might increase the lability and environmental risk of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. However, at high loading rate (e.g., 300mgL-1) biosolids may be used as an immobilizing agent for Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and mobilizing agent for Ni.

Investigation of copper, nickel (ii) and iron (iii) ions sorption on sir by using ftir and Drs methods

Investigation of copper, nickel (ii) and iron (iii) ions sorption on sir by using ftir and Drs methods

Effects of clay minerals, hydroxides, and timing of dissolved organic matter addition on the competitive sorption of copper, nickel, and zinc: A column experiment

Infiltration of heavy metal (HM) polluted wastewater can seriously compromise soil and groundwater quality. Interactions between mineral soil components (e.g. clay minerals) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) play a crucial role in determining HM mobility in soils. In this study, the influence of the timing of addition of DOM, i.e. concurrent with or prior to HMs, on HM mobility was explored in a set of continuous flow column experiments using well defined natural soil samples amended with goethite, birnessite and/or smectite. The soils were subjected to concurrent and sequential additions of solutions of DOM, and Cu, Ni and Zn. The resulting breakthrough curves were fitted with a modified dose-response model to obtain the adsorption capacity (q0). Addition of DOM prior to HMs moderately enhanced q0 of Cu (8–25%) compared to a control without DOM, except for the goethite amended soil that exhibited a 10% reduction due to the blocking of binding sites. Meanwhile, for both Zn and Ni sequential addition of DOM reduced q0 by 1–36% for all tested soils due to preferential binding of Zn and Ni to mineral phases. In contrast, concurrent addition of DOM and HMs resulted in a strong increase of q0 for all tested metals and all tested soil compositions compared to the control: 141–299% for Cu, 29–102% for Zn and 32–144% for Ni. Our study shows that when assessing the impact of soil pollution through HM containing wastewater it is crucial to take into account the presence of DOM.

Intercalation of oxalate ions in the interlayer space of a layered double hydroxide for nickel ions adsorption

In this study, sorption properties of a synthesized anionic clay were enhanced by the intercalation of oxalate ions in its interlayer space. The pristine and modified clay materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis. These techniques confirmed the presence of oxalate ions in the interlayer space of the clay. The intercalated clay was then used as a matrix for the sorption in batch mode of nickel ions in aqueous solution. The influence of a number of parameters such as contact time, pH, initial concentration of the analyte and adsorbent dosage were studied. The maximum adsorption of nickel was obtained at pH 6, that is, about 90% Ni2+ removal. The adsorbent/adsorbate equilibrium follows a pseudo-second order kinetics and best matches the Langmuir model. The modified clay was shown to be efficient matrix for the sorption of nickel ions.

Sorption, desorption, and speciation of Cd, Ni, and Fe by four calcareous soils as affected by pH.

The sorption, desorption, and speciation of cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and iron (Fe) in four calcareous soils were investigated at the pH range of 2-9. The results indicated that sorption of Fe by four soils was higher than 80% at pH2, while in the case of Cd and Ni was less than 30%. The most common sequence of metal sorption at pH2-9 for four soils was in the order of Fe≫Ni>Cd. Cadmium and Ni sorption as a function of pH showed the predictable trend of increasing metal sorption with increase in equilibrium pH, while the Fe sorption trend was different and characterized by three phases. With regard to the order of Cd, Ni, and Fe sorption on soils, Cd and Ni showed high affinity for organic matter (OM), whereas Fe had high tendency for calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Results of metal desorption using 0.01M NaCl demonstrated that metal sorption on soils containing high amounts of CaCO3 was less reversible in comparison to soils containing high OM. In general, Cd and Ni desorption curves were characterized by three phases; (1) the greatest desorption at pH2, (2) the low desorption at pH3-7, and (3) the least desorption at pH>7. The MINTEQ speciation solubility program showed that the percentage of free metals declined markedly with increase of pH, while the percentage of carbonate and hydroxyl species increased. Furthermore, MINTEQ predicted that saturation index (SI) of metals increased with increasing pH.

Sorption of heavy metal ions by fullerene and polystyrene/fullerene film compositions

The kinetics and equilibrium of the process of sorption of heavy metals from aqueous electrolyte solutions by polystyrene, fullerene, and polystyrene/fullerene composites have been studied. The kinetics of sorption of copper, nickel, zinc, and cadmium ions by the studied sorbents is described by the pseudo-firstand pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The rate constants of the process of sorption are determined. It is established that the equilibrium isotherm of sorption of copper ions by fullerene is related to the Langmuirtype isotherms. The sorption capacity of a monomolecular layer with reference to the Cu(II) ions is determined as equal to 14.6 mmol/g. Based on the calculated Henry constants, it is shown that the sorption efficiency increases in the series polystyrene < composition < fullerene.

A new nanostructured material amino functionalized mesoporous silica synthesized via co-condensation method for Pb(II) and Ni(II) ion sorption from aqueous solution

In this investigation, MCM-41/N-(3-trimethoxysilyl)-propyl)diethylenetriamine (MCM-41/TMSPDETA) adsorbent was prepared via co-condensation method and characterized by FTIR, BET, XRD, TEM, SEM and DLS analytical techniques. Experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of different sorption parameters, such as pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial concentration of heavy metal ions and solution temperature in a batch system. Optimum conditions of sorption experiments were obtained at 20°C with the pH of 6.0 and contact time of 60min for Pb(II) and 120min for Ni(II). The pseudo-first-order, the pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models have been used to analyze the sorption kinetic results. The sorption process was found to be well described by the pseudo-second-order rate model. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms have been used to describe the equilibrium sorption; the adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum capacity of the nanosorbent was 77.52 and 58.47mgg−1 for Pb (II) and Ni (II) ions, respectively. In order to verify the nature of sorption processes as physical or chemical, the equilibrium data were also fitted to the Dubinin–Radushkevitch (D–R) model. Based on D–R isotherm results, the values of mean free energy were 13.36 and 9.13kJmol−1 for Pb(II) and Ni(II) sorption, respectively. These values of E (kJmol−1) indicating chemical sorption for both metal ions. The selectivity order of lead and nickel sorption onto the adsorbent was Pb(II)>Ni(II).

Quaternized pine sawdust in the treatment of mining wastewater

ABSTRACTMining wastewater was treated using quaternized pine sawdust (QPSD) anion exchanger. The wastewater contained heavy metals (e.g. Sb, As, Co, Cr, Ni, V, U), NO3−, among others, and a high concentration of SO42−. A series of column cycles imitating a real treatment process was conducted (three sorption/desorption cycles, a maintenance cycle with HCl and two sorption/desorption cycles). The effects of contact time and temperature (5°C and 23°C) were studied to assess the applicability of QPSD in the treatment of cold mining effluents. At 5°C, 85% of nickel was removed but the sorption was slower than at 23°C (initial Ni concentration was about 39 µg/l). Nickel was also removed in column efficiently (85–100% reduction). Treatment with HCl during the maintenance cycles did not hinder nickel sorption. Nickel was desorbed with both NaCl and HCl. Contrary to expectations, nitrate was not sorbed. QPSD showed selectivity towards nickel. However, uptake of uranium and cobalt was detected in column. Neutron activation analysis was used to detect metals sorbed onto the QPSD, and uptake of several metals was confirmed.

Submicron-Scale Heterogeneities in Nickel Sorption of Various Cell-Mineral Aggregates Formed by Fe(II)-Oxidizing Bacteria.

Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria form biogenic cell-mineral aggregates (CMAs) composed of microbial cells, extracellular organic compounds, and ferric iron minerals. CMAs are capable of immobilizing large quantities of heavy metals, such as nickel, via sorption processes. CMAs play an important role for the fate of heavy metals in the environment, particularly in systems characterized by elevated concentrations of dissolved metals, such as mine drainage or contaminated sediments. We applied scanning transmission (soft) X-ray microscopy (STXM) spectrotomography for detailed 3D chemical mapping of nickel sorbed to CMAs on the submicron scale. We analyzed different CMAs produced by phototrophic or nitrate-reducing microbial Fe(II) oxidation and, in addition, a twisted stalk structure obtained from an environmental biofilm. Nickel showed a heterogeneous distribution and was found to be preferentially sorbed to biogenically precipitated iron minerals such as Fe(III)-(oxyhydr)oxides and, to a minor extent, associated with organic compounds. Some distinct nickel accumulations were identified on the surfaces of CMAs. Additional information obtained from scatter plots and angular distance maps, showing variations in the nickel-iron and nickel-organic carbon ratios, also revealed a general correlation between nickel and iron. Although a high correlation between nickel and iron was observed in 2D maps, 3D maps revealed this to be partly due to projection artifacts. In summary, by combining different approaches for data analysis, we unambiguously showed the heterogeneous sorption behavior of nickel to CMAs.

Synthesis of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) and its use for sorption of nickel ions

The influence of the conditions of the struvite synthesis on its ability to form crystals with developed faces of different forms (hkl) and on the possibility of the subsequent transition to more stable forms was examined. The correlation between the ζ-potential of the struvite particle surface, struvite crystal size, and tendency to form agglomerates was demonstrated. The sorption rate in the system consisting of struvite, nickel ions, ammonium ions, and water can be increased by combining the internal diffusion and recrystallization of the solid interaction products. The possibility of enhancing the sorption performance by properly choosing the anionic composition of solutions of nickel salts for the sorption was revealed. The conditions for preparing struvite for its use as agent for improvement of contaminated soils to immobilize heavy metal ions were substantiated.

On the mechanism of sorption of nickel(II) ions by modified carbon sorbents

The results of a study of natural and synthetic carbon sorbents (CS) for extraction of nickel(II) ions from solutions are presented. The modification of sorbents by organic reagents (dimethylglyoxime and acethydrazidine) selectively interacting with nickel ions allowed increasing the sorption capacity to nickel by an average of one order of magnitude. The energy characteristics of possible structures of nickel complexes taking into account the solvation shells were calculated by the techniques of quantum chemistry ab initio. The starting and modified CS samples were studied by EPR spectroscopy before and after the sorption of nickel. Changes in the polyconjugated structure of sorbents in the processes of modification and adsorption were revealed. The mechanisms of sorption by the starting and modified sorbents including chemisorption, electrochemical, and various types of donor–acceptor interaction were proposed.

Sorption Extraction of Noble and Non-Ferrous Metals from Process Leaching Solutions

In view of the annual increase in ore processing output for low grade or refractory gold-bearing ores, as well as recoverable raw materials, stricter requirements for completeness of gold extraction and environmental safety, the interest is rising in possible alternatives to substitute the cyanide process used in gold mining practice. One of such alternatives is to convert metals into solutions of various chemical compositions by means of electric current-electrochemical leaching-followed by metal sorption extraction. This paper deals with the issues of sorption behavior of noble (gold, silver) and non-ferrous (copper, iron, cobalt, zinc, nickel, manganese, lead) metals from thiosulfate solutions for chemical and electrochemical leaching of concentrates of two mineral deposits using various anionites. Factors affecting metal uptake most significantly were determined. Degree of zinc and nickel sorption extraction from electrochemical leaching solutions made 99%. It has been established that the nature of metal sorption extraction from process solutions is connected with the micro structure of leaching solutions having quasi-homogeneous structure.

Isotherm models for the nickel(II) biosorption using dead fungal biomass of Aspergillus awamori: comparison of various error functions

In this research, the equilibrium sorption of nickel(II) by inexpensive dead fungal biomass of Aspergillus awamori was explained using the linear and nonlinear regression analysis of Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Redlich–Peterson isotherms. In the case of nonlinear regression method, the best fitting model was evaluated using six different error functions, namely coefficient of determination (r2), chi-square test (χ2), hybrid fractional error function (HYBRID), Marquardt’s percent standard deviation (MPSD), average relative error (ARE), and sum of the errors squared (SSE). The r2 function was found to be a better option to minimize the error distribution between the experimental equilibrium data and the predicted two-parameter isotherms. In the case of three-parameter isotherm, HYBRID was found to be the best error function to minimize the error distribution structure between experimental equilibrium data and theoretical isotherms.

The Role of Exhausted Coffee Compounds on Metal Ions Sorption

In the present work, the role of chemical compounds of one abundant vegetable waste, exhausted coffee, on Cr(VI), Cu(II), and Ni(II) sorption has been investigated. For this purpose, exhausted coffee was subjected to sequential extractions by using dichloromethane (DCM), ethanol (EtOH), water, and NaOH 1 %. The raw and treated biomass resulting from the extractions were used for metal ions sorption. Sorption results were discussed taking into consideration polarity and functional groups of raw and treated biomass. In general, the successive removal of extractives led to an insignificant increase in the studied metal ions sorption after DCM, EtOH, and water. The sorption results using free-extractive materials showed that metal sorption can be effectively achieved without this non-structural fraction of the sorbent. Alkaline hydrolysis destroyed in part the structural compounds of the sorbent resulting in an insignificant decrease of chromium removal while a significant increase of copper and nickel sorption was observed. The determination of elemental ratios of exhausted coffee and all treated biomass evidenced the involvement of oxygen functional groups in copper and nickel sorption. FTIR analysis confirmed the involvement of lignin moieties in the chromium sorption by exhausted coffee. As a final remark, this study shows that the sequential extraction opens new expectations to the total valorisation of lignocellulosic-based biomasses. The extractives can be removed and used as a biosource of valuable compounds, and the resulting waste can be used as a sorbent for metal ions keeping the same capacity for metal sorption as the non-extracted biomass.

Characterization of structural and physical properties of dichloromethane- and methanol-fractionated Kraft lignin and its adsorption capacity of Cu (II) and Ni (II) ions

This work investigates the effect of the molecular weight and polydispersity of Kraft lignin(KL) on its capacity to remove copper and nickel ions from aqueous solutions. KL and its fractions were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, 1H NMR, 31P NMR and attenuated total reflectance—Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental and ash analyses. Moreover, the glass transition temperature of lignin samples was determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. The fractionated lignin exhibited lower molecular weight and narrower polydispersity than the original KL. Accordingly, the successive solvent extraction herein applied would appear to be a convenient way to extract low molecular fractions admixed with sulphur from KL. A pseudo-second-order rate model was utilized to describe the sorption kinetics of metal ions. The KL fractionated with dichloromethane and methanol possessed a greater capacity for copper and nickel sorption than the original KL. Maximum uptake was 5.94 mg of copper and 7.95 mg of nickel per gram of the fractionated KL. The results obtained demonstrate that molecular weight characteristics can influence the metal scavenging efficiency of the KL.

Nickel extraction from hydroxide pulps over amino carboxylic cationites

The regularities of nickel sorption process from hydroxide pulps with the help of amino carboxylic cationites ANKB-35, S 930 and TP 207 have been examined. Kinetic curves and sorption isotherms for the given cationites are plotted. It is determined that the nickel sorption process from pulps is expedient for carrying out at рН = 4÷5. Nickel desorption process from cationites has been studied. The ТР 207 cationite is shown to have the maximum sorption capacity.

Study of problem of complex processing of bauxites of the Srednetimansky deposit

The regularities of nickel sorption process from hydroxide pulps with the help of amino carboxylic cationites ANKB-35, S 930 and TP 207 have been examined. Kinetic curves and sorption isotherms for the given cationites are plotted. It is determined that the nickel sorption process from pulps is expedient for carrying out at рН = 4÷5. Nickel desorption process from cationites has been studied. The ТР 207 cationite is shown to have the maximum sorption capacity.