Sorption Of Manganese Research Articles

Biosorption of chromium, copper, manganese and zinc by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 isolated from a site contaminated with petroleum

The study describes the sorption of Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 isolated from a site contaminated with petroleum and heavy metals. The concentrations studied were 50, 49, 60 and 70 (mg L −1) for Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively. The solution pH and ionic strength were very important factors in the metal biosorption performance and the biosorption capacity of P. aeruginosa AT18 for Cr 3+, Cu 2+, Mn 2+ and Zn 2+. In aqueous solution, the biosorption increased with increasing pH in the range 5.46–7.72. The results obtained in the experimental assays show that P. aeruginosa AT18 has the capacity for biosorption of the metallic ions Cr 3+, Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ in solutions, although its capacity for the sorption of manganese is low (22.39 mg Mn 2+/g of biomass) in comparison to the Cr 3+, Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ ions, as shown by the individual analyses. However, 20% of the manganese was removed from an initial concentration of 49.0 mg L −1, with a Q m value similar to that obtained in solutions containing mixtures of Cr 3+, Cu 2+, Mn 2+ and Zn 2+. The chromium level sorbed by P. aeruginosa AT18 biomass was higher than that for Cu, Mn and Zn, with 100% removal in the pH range 7.00–7.72 and a Q m of 121.90–200.00 mg of Cr 3+/g of biomass. The removal of Cr, Cu and Zn is also a result of precipitation processes.

The trial of regeneration of used impregnated activated carbons after manganese sorption

In recent years, the increasing level of underground water shows a high iron and manganese concentrations, thus, the technology of water treatment requires application of processes for Fe and Mn removal. Within a literature, many treatment processes have been proposed for manganese removal from drinking water, however very often they do not comply with the obligatory quality standards and are not suitable for practical application. Activated carbon adsorption is considered to be a particularly competitive and effective method, mainly because of large specific surface area. In addition, due to physical and chemical properties, activated carbon has a wide range of applications, e.g., it is used as a sorbing and catalytic agent or a catalyst carrier. The main advantage of activated carbon is the ability to regenerate, which significantly reduces the costs of the water purification process. This process also allows to regain valuable, previously adsorbed substances. However, a regeneration of impregnated activated carbons has not been greatly investigated. The paper presents the results of research on regeneration of impregnated active carbon after Mn (II) removal from potable water. ROW 08 Supra carbon impregnated by the KMnO 4 solution at concentration of 64 g/dm 3 was used for the experiments. The process of regeneration was carried out under static conditions by use of KMnO 4 solutions in range of 32, 64 and 128g/dm 3, respectively. After the regeneration, the impregnated active carbon was used again for Mn (II) removal. KMnO 4-modified adsorbent showed a higher tendency for adsorbing Mn from solution. Increase of catalytic properties regenerated carbon and high exchange capacity observed emphasized the potential use KMnO 4-modified activated carbon in filtration systems.

Biosorption of metal and salt tolerant microbial isolates from a former uranium mining area. Their impact on changes in rare earth element patterns in acid mine drainage

The concentration of metals in microbial habitats influenced by mining operations can reach enormous values. Worldwide, much emphasis is placed on the research of resistance and biosorptive capacities of microorganisms suitable for bioremediation purposes. Using a collection of isolates from a former uranium mining area in Eastern Thuringia, Germany, this study presents three Gram-positive bacterial strains with distinct metal tolerances. These strains were identified as members of the genera Bacillus, Micrococcus and Streptomyces. Acid mine drainage (AMD) originating from the same mining area is characterized by high metal concentrations of a broad range of elements and a very low pH. AMD was analyzed and used as incubation solution. The sorption of rare earth elements (REE), aluminum, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, strontium, and uranium through selected strains was studied during a time course of four weeks. Biosorption was investigated after one hour, one week and four weeks by analyzing the concentrations of metals in supernatant and biomass. Additionally, dead biomass was investigated after four weeks of incubation. The maximum of metal removal was reached after one week. Up to 80% of both Al and Cu, and more than 60% of U was shown to be removed from the solution. High concentrations of metals could be bound to the biomass, as for example 2.2 mg/g U. The strains could survive four weeks of incubation. Distinct and different patterns of rare earth elements of the inoculated and non-inoculated AMD water were observed. Changes in REE patterns hint at different binding types of heavy metals regarding incubation time and metabolic activity of the cells.

Biosorption of Heavy Metals by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolated from a Petroleum Contaminated Site

The study describes the sorption of Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 isolated from a site contaminated with petroleum and heavy metals. The concentrations studied (mgL-1) were Cr-50, Cu-49, Mn-60 and Zn-70. The solution pH and ionic strength were very important factors in the metal biosorption performance and the biosorption capacity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 for Cr3+ Cu2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+. In aqueous solution the biosorption increased with increasing pH in the range 5.46-7.72. The results obtained in the experimental assays show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 has the capacity for biosorption of the metallic ions Cr3+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ in solutions, although its capacity for the sorption of manganese is low (22.39 mg Mn2+/g of biomass) in comparison to the Cr3+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions, as shown by the individual analyses. However, 20% of the manganese was removed from an initial concentration of 49.0 mgL- 1, with a Qm value similar to that obtained in solutions containing mixtures of Cr3+ Cu2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+. The chromium level sorbed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 biomass was higher than that for Cu, Mn and Zn, with 100% removal in the pH range 7.00-7.72 and a Qm of 121.90-200.00 mg of Cr3+/g of biomass. The remove of Cr, Cu and Zn are a result also of precipitation processes.

Sorption and Preconcentration of Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, and Lead on Silica Gel Modified with (3‐Mercaptopropyl) Trimethoxysilane

3‐mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, (CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2SH, loaded on silica gel was used as a preconcentration sorbent for V, Cr, Mn and Pb prior to their determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spetrometry (GFAAS). Surface characteristics and surface area of the silica gel before and after chemical modification were determined by elemental analysis. The retention and recovery of the analyte elements were studied by applying batch and column techniques. The experimental parameters, such as the effect of pH of the sample, shaking time in batch technique, flow rate of the eluent, the concentration of acid solution in the column section, and the amount of silica on retention and elution have been investigated. All elements were quantitatively (≥90%) recovered in the batch technique with R.S.D. values of 3.0 for vanadium, 1.8 for chromium, 1.7 for manganese, and 0.4 for lead. The same recoveries were obtained in the column techniques for all elements, while manganese in sea water could not be succesfully recovered. Detection limits of the method for vanadium, chromium, manganese, and lead are 1.1, 1.4, 1.3, and 0.8 ng, respectively.

Removal and recovery of metal ions from acid mine drainage using lignite—A low cost sorbent

Acid mine drainage (AMD), has long been a significant environmental problem resulting from the microbial oxidation of iron pyrite in presence of water and air, affording an acidic solution that contains toxic metal ions. The main objective of this study was to remove and recover metal ions from acid mine drainage (AMD) by using lignite, a low cost sorbent. Lignite has been characterized and used for the AMD treatment. Sorption of ferrous, ferric, manganese, zinc and calcium in multi-component aqueous systems was investigated. Studies were performed at different pH to find optimum pH. To simulate industrial conditions for acid mine wastewater treatment, all the studies were performed using single and multi-columns setup in down flow mode. The empty bed contact time (EBCT) model was used for minimizing the sorbent usage. Recovery of the metal ions as well as regeneration of sorbent was achieved successfully using 0.1 M nitric acid without dismantling the columns.

Single, binary, and multicomponent sorption of iron and manganese on lignite

Acid mine drainage (AMD) has long been a significant environmental problem resulting from the microbial oxidation of iron pyrite in the presence of water and air, affording an acidic solution that contains toxic metal ions. The main objective of this study was to remove metal ions [Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Zn(II)] from AMD using lignite, a low-cost adsorbent. The lignite sorbent was utilized for the sorption of ferrous, ferric, manganese, zinc, and calcium ions in aqueous solutions. Studies were performed at different pH to find optimum pH. Equilibrium isotherms were determined to assess the maximum adsorption capacity of lignite for different metal ions. Sorption capacities were compared in single, binary, ternary, and multicomponent systems. The sorption data are correlated with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms in each system. Both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms fit the data reasonably well in terms of regression coefficients. Sorption studies were also performed at different temperatures to obtain the thermodynamic parameters of the process. The maximum lignite adsorption capacities at 25 °C were 34.22, 25.84, and 11.90 mg/g for Fe(II), Mn(II), and Fe(III), respectively. Adsorption of Fe 2+ (24.70 mg/g at 10 °C and 46.46 mg/g at 40 °C) increased with increased temperature, while Mn 2+ adsorption (28.11 mg/g at 10 °C and 7.70 mg/g at 40 °C) decreased with increased temperature.

Adsorption of Fe+3 and Mn+2 from Ground Water onto Maize Cobs Using Batch Adsorber and Fixed Bed Column

The removal of iron and manganese from ground water is an important step for producing safe drinking water. A detailed investigation of the sorption of iron and manganese from ground water onto maize cobs is reported. This work deals with determination of adsorption equilibrium isotherms, kinetic, and fixed bed column studies. Results of Freundlich and Langmiur parameters revealed the favorability of maize cobs for adsorption of iron and manganese ions. Kinetic studies were carried out using from ground water samples (El‐Mina Governorate, Egypt). From the kinetic studies, a model is proposed to determine the external mass transfer (Ks) which can be correlated by the following equation Ks =A (mass)B. where A and B are constants. During the fixed bed column studies, the effect of process variables such as bed height, flow rate, initial concentration, and percentage breakthrough has been investigated. A simplified design method, namely, the bed depth service time (BDST) model has been applied to the experimental data and the results of this analysis are presented. The mechanism of the metal ion sorption on maize cobs was also investigated. Both the calorific values and differential thermal analysis (DTA) data proved that the loaded maize cobs can be used as solid fuel. Pretences of iron and manganese salts catalyze the thermal decomposition reaction toward more flammable gases, which increase their calorific values. The loaded maize cobs are considered a new potential source for energy conversion.

Removal of Mn(II) and Cd(II) from wastewaters by natural and modified clays

The adsorption capacities of commercial and Brazilian natural clays were evaluated to test their applications in wastewater control. We investigated the process of sorption of manganese(II) and cadmium(II) present in synthetic aqueous effluents, by calculating the adsorption isotherms at 298 K using batch experiments. The influence of temperature and pH on the adsorption process was also studied. Adsorption of metals was best described by a Langmuir isotherm, with values of Q 0 parameter, which is related to the sorption capacity, corresponding to 6.3 mg g− 1 for K-10/Cd(II), 4.8 mg g− 1 for K-10/Mn(II), 11.2 mg g− 1 for NT-25/Cd(II) and 6.0 mg g− 1 for NT-25/Mn(II). We observed two distinct adsorption mechanisms that may influence adsorption. At the first 5 min of interaction, a cation exchange mechanism that takes place at exchange sites located on (001) basal planes is predominant. This process is inhibited by low pH values. After this first and fast step, a second sorption mechanism can be related to formation of inner-sphere surface complexes, which is formed at edges of the clay. The rate constants and the initial sorption rates correlate positively with temperature in all studied systems, denoting the predominance of a physisorption process. The addition of complexing agents that are incorporated within the K10 structure, enhance metal uptake by the adsorbent. The results have shown that both Cd(II) and Mn(II) were totally retained from a 50 mg L− 1 solution when K10 grafted with ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) was used as adsorbent.

Separation and preconcentration of trace manganese from various samples with Amberlyst 36 column and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

This work assesses the potential of a new adsorptive material, Amberlyst 36, for the separation and preconcentration of trace manganese(II) from various media. It is based on the sorption of manganese(II) ions onto a column filled with Amberlyst 36 cation exchange resin, followed by the elution with 5 mL of 3 mol/L nitric acid and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) without interference of the matrix. Different factors including pH of sample solution, sample volume, amount of resin, flow rate of sample solution, volume and concentration of eluent, and matrix effects for preconcentration were investigated. Good relative standard deviation (3%) and high recovery (>95%) at 100 μg/L and high enrichment factor (200) and low analytical detection limit (0.245 μg/L) were obtained. The adsorption equilibrium was described well by the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 88 mg/g of manganese on the resin. The method was applied for the manganese determination by FAAS in tap water, commercial natural drinking water, commercial treated drinking water and commercial tea bag sample. The accuracy of the method is confirmed by analyzing the certified reference material (tea leaves GBW 07605). The results demonstrated good agreement with the certified values.

Removal of toxic metals from wastewater by Brazilian natural scolecite

The cation-exchange capacity of Brazilian natural zeolite, identified as scolecite, was studied with the aim of evaluating its applications in wastewater control. We investigated the process of sorption of chromium(III), nickel(II), cadmium(II), and manganese(II) in synthetic aqueous effluents, including sorption isotherms of single-metal solutions at 298, 313, and 333 K, by batch experiments, and the influence of pH on the process. The results have demonstrated that removal of metals from specific metal solutions is best described by a Freundlich isotherm, in which the values obtained for the Kf constants were in the following order: Cr > Mn > Cd > Ni. A Lagergren pseudo-second-order was the model that best described the sorption mechanism. The retention of metals was shown to be a function of the pH; the maximum binding capacity occurring at pH values around 6.0. Thermodynamic data indicate the spontaneity of the endothermic cation-exchange process. The values of Delta G0 suggest the following selectivity series at 298 K: Ni > Cr > Cd > Mn. The desorption process reaches equilibrium during the first 60 min of binding, suggesting that the mechanism involves specific sites located in the external surface of the scolecite.

Fixed-Bed Adsorption for the Removal of Iron and Manganese onto Palm Fruit Bunch and Maize Cob

The sorption of iron and manganese onto palm fruit bunch and maize cob in a fixed-bed column was studied. The influence of process variables such as the bed height, the solution flow rate and the percentage breakthrough were investigated. The experimental results showed that the adsorbents used removed the studied metal ions effectively. The Bed Depth Service Time Model (BDST) was used to analyse the experimental data and identify design correlations. The Empty Bed Residence Time (EBRT) model, used for optimising the adsorbent exhaustion rate and the time required for influent to fill the column, was also considered.

Effect Of Solid Phase Organic Substrate Characteristics On Sulfate Reducer Activity And Metal Removal In Passive Mine Drainage Treatment Systems

This paper is a progress report on studies whose objectives are to determine methods of analysis that will rate metal sorption and sulfate reduction activity of organic materials for use in passive treatment systems (PTS). Substrates tested include agricultural residues (alfalfa pellets, sugar beat pulp pellets, brewery waste, corncobs, and walnut hulls), inoculums (dairy manure and wetland inoculum), and a variety woods (maple, oak, pine, poplar, and walnut). Characteristics targeted include moisture, organic and nutrient content; water, ethanol and acid soluble and insoluble fractions and metal sorption capacity. The short-term and long-term effects of organic substrate characteristics on metal removal and sulfate reduction rate are being evaluated in batch and column experiments receiving mine water. These data are not presented in this paper but will be included in the oral presentation. Measured values of moisture and organic content ranged from 5.5 to 65% and 7.4 to 95% relative to raw sample weights, respectively. The water-soluble fractions and protein content ranged from 0 to 32% and 2 to 23% relative to dried samples, respectively. Low concentration zinc sorption studies were described well by Freundlich isotherms. Using a wider range of concentrations, manganese sorption to substrates was more closely modeled by Langmuir isotherms. The highest manganese sorption was observed for manure, corncobs, walnut hulls and wetland inoculum (8-13 mg Mn / gram substrate at an equilibrium concentration (Ce) = 50 mg/L Mn). Corncobs and walnut hulls can be included in substrate specifications to target manganese removal. Moisture and organic content are important parameters in the specification of organic substrates as a significant portion of the raw organic substrate weight can be inorganic. A high soluble fraction should correlate with a rapid startup of SRB activity and thus is an important element in substrate specification. All substrates have some capacity for metal sorption and their quantification is essential for use in PTS.

Sorption of manganese(II) and zinc(II) to soils alluvial in origin

The sorption of manganese(II) and zinc(II) on soil samples collected from Sapporo (Japan) and Tiksi (Russia) was investigated using a radiotracer technique to elucidate the abilities of soil organic matter as a scavenger of heavy metals released to the soil environment. The sorbed amounts of both manganese and zinc metals to organic soil components were estimated to be different on different soils, depending on the pH of aqueous phase. The degree of humification of pertinent soils was suggested as a parameter which could describe the properties of the organic soil matter in complexing with heavy metals.

Influence of induced salinity and sodicity on manganese sorption in vertisols and aridisols

Salinity and sodicity effects on manganese (Mn) sorption in a mixed sodium‐calcium (Na‐Ca) soil system were studied. Soil samples were taken at 0–30 cm depth from Vertisols (El‐Hosh and El‐Suleimi) and Aridisols (El‐Laota) at three sites in Gezira scheme (Sudan). No Mn was applied to these soils. Prior to analysis the soils were equilibrated with NaCl‐CaCL2 mixed salt solutions to attain SAR values at different salt concentrations. The results indicated that saline soils sorbed less Mn and had higher equilibrium Mn concentrations. Sodic soils retained more Mn but had low equilibrium concentrations. Sodicity had a pronounced effect only on increasing Mn retention at higher SAR values. Salinity tended to alleviate sodicity effects on Mn retention, but soluble salts that increased soil pH decreased Mn concentration.

Sorption of metals by extracellular polymers from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa fo. flos-aquae strain C3-40

The sorption of cadmium (II), copper (II), lead (II),manganese (II), and zinc (II) by purified capsularpolysaccharide from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosafo. flos-aquae strainC3-40 was examined by four methods: equilibriumdialysis, metal removal from solution as detected byvoltammetry, metal accumulation by capsule-containingalginate beads, and calorimetry. The polysaccharide'ssaturation binding capacities for these metals rangedfrom 1.2 to 4 mmol of metal g-1 of capsule, whichcorresponds to 1 metal equivalent per 2 to 4saccharide subunits of the polymer. Competitionbetween paired metals was tested with simultaneous andsequential additions of metal. Cadmium (II) andlead (II), as well as lead (II) and zinc (II), competedrelatively equally and reciprocally for polymerbinding sites. In contrast, manganese (II) stronglyinhibited the binding of cadmium (II) and lead (II), butitself was not substantially inhibited by either theprior or simultaneous adsorption of cadmium (II) or lead (II).The data are interpreted with respect to overlap ofbinding sites and possibilities of altered polymerconformation or solvation. Calorimetric studies oflead (II) and cadmium (II) association reactions withthe polysaccharide suggest that the enthalpies aresmall and that the reactions may be driven by entropy.

Radionuclide Sorption to Rocks and Minerals: Effects of pH and Inorganic Anions. Part 1. Sorption of Cesium, Cobalt, Strontium and Manganese

Radionuclide Sorption to Rocks and Minerals: Effects of pH and Inorganic Anions. Part 1. Sorption of Cesium, Cobalt, Strontium and Manganese

Sorption of Manganese, Uranium, and Radium by Highly Weathered Soils

AbstractLarge concentrations of Mn, 238U, and 226Ra are present in U mine waste waters in comparison with those in surrounding natural waters. Excess mine waste water is being disposed by irrigation of bushland near Ranger Uranium Mine, Northern Territory, Australia. We report the sorption properties of highly weathered and sandy soils (Utric Acruustox, Grossameric Kandiustalf, and Typic Fragiumbrept), near the mine for Mn, U, and 226Ra as determined by batch sorption experiments, and competitive sorption between U and Mn. Manganese sorption was small in comparison with loads expected to be applied to the soils, and Mn was expected to be mobile within the soils. In contrast with Mn, U sorption by the soils was very much greater than the amount that may be applied. Simultaneous additions of U and Mn reduced sorption of both, but the effect of U on Mn sorption was far greater than that of Mn on U. Uranium also caused the displacement of Mn from the soil in the absence of added Mn. The U additions favored the mobility of Mn. Radium−226 at trace levels was strongly sorbed by the soil and <1% of the sorbed 226Ra was displaced during the desorption step. Uranium and 226Ra applied as mine waste water will be retained in surface soil, but Mn was expected to be relatively mobile, particularly in the sandiest soils and when applied in waters that also contain U.

Sorption of manganese, cobalt, zinc, strontium, and cesium onto agricultural soils: Statistical analysis on effects of soil properties

In this study, distribution coefficients (K d s) of five radionuclides (54Mn, 60Co, 65Zn, 85Sr, 137Cs) were measured by a batch technique for 36 agricultural soils (paddy and upland soils) collected in Japan. Twelve properties of the soils and measured K d ss were examined for their probability distributions. Soil properties showed log-normal type distributions, except pH(H2O), and total calcium and potassium contents for which distributions were normal. The K d s distributions were also lognormal types except for 54Mn-K d s− No significant difference in soil K d s was found between upland and paddy soils. The K d s were analyzed for correlations with each soil property. The combinations showing the highest correlation were: the exchangeable calcium for 54Mn and 60Co; the water content for 65Zn; the cation exchange capacity for 85Sr; and the exchangeable potassium for 137Cs, For 54Mn and 60Co, their K d s also correlated with supernatant pH. Only 85Sr-K d s showed an adequate correlation with the value if the CEC divided by the supernatant EC. For the other four nuclides, some other mechanisms besides ion exchange seemed to be working.

Selective oxygen gas sorption of complex manganese(II) salts of ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer with 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane

Adsorption selective de l'oxygene gazeux sur les agregats ioniques formes par les complexes Mn(II)/bis-aminomethyl cyclohexane