Solution Of Problem Research Articles

Linguacodus: a synergistic framework for transformative code generation in machine learning pipelines

In the ever-evolving landscape of machine learning, seamless translation of natural language descriptions into executable code remains a formidable challenge. This article introduces Linguacodus, an innovative framework designed to tackle this challenge by deploying a dynamic pipeline that iteratively transforms natural language task descriptions into code through high-level data-shaping instructions. The core of Linguacodus is a fine-tuned large language model, empowered to evaluate diverse solutions for various problems and select the most fitting one for a given task. This article details the fine-tuning process and sheds light on how natural language descriptions can be translated into functional code. Linguacodus represents a substantial leap towards automated code generation, effectively bridging the gap between task descriptions and executable code. It holds great promise for advancing machine learning applications across diverse domains. Additionally, we propose an algorithm capable of transforming a natural description of an ML task into code with minimal human interaction. In extensive experiments on a vast machine learning code dataset originating from Kaggle, we showcase the effectiveness of Linguacodus. The investigations highlight its potential applications across diverse domains, emphasizing its impact on applied machine learning in various scientific fields.

The uphill battle for reinventing post-industrial regions: The case of Greater Manchester's ‘clean growth’ mission

In this paper we enrich the concept of place-based leadership. Building on social movement theory, our analysis of the clean growth mission development in Greater Manchester (UK) reveals the role of place-based leadership in mobilising and coordinating framing processes that linked the global climate change problem with local challenges, articulated local benefits of its resolution, and provided justification for local change efforts. We draw on theories of the policy process (i.e. Multiple Streams Framework) to shed light on how place-based leaders frame problems and solutions strategically to engender policy change. While framing processes had an impact on local policy agendas, we do not find evidence of accelerated implementation, pointing to the important distinctions between problem ownership and solution ownership in the context of wicked problems. Our findings contribute to the ongoing debate on the role of multi-level governance and localised agency in problem-based policymaking for sustainable regional development.

General Inverse Problem Solution for Two-Level Systems and Its Application to Charge Transfer

General Inverse Problem Solution for Two-Level Systems and Its Application to Charge Transfer

On set-valued fixed points, their geometry and solution of boundary value problem for a differential inclusion

On set-valued fixed points, their geometry and solution of boundary value problem for a differential inclusion

Computational Analysis of a Novel Iterative Scheme with an Application

The computational study of fixed-point problems in distance spaces is an active and important research area. The purpose of this paper is to construct a new iterative scheme in the setting of Banach space for approximating solutions of fixed-point problems. We first prove the strong convergence of the scheme for a general class of contractions under some appropriate assumptions on the domain and a parameter involved in our scheme. We then study the qualitative aspects of our scheme, such as the stability and order of convergence for the scheme. Some nonlinear problems are then considered and solved numerically by our new iterative scheme. The numerical simulations and graphical visualizations prove the high accuracy and stability of the new fixed-point scheme. Eventually, we solve a 2D nonlinear Volterra Integral Equation (VIE) via the application of our main outcome. Our results improve many related results in fixed-point iteration theory.

SPECIFICITY OF THE CREATION OF THE ECONOMIC AND LEGAL MECHANISM FOR THE FORMATION OF A GREEN ECONOMY

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of the formation of the green economy as an important direction of the development of society. The article identifies the main problems on the way to the development of the green economy. So, in particular, they include the lack of a clear, comprehensive economic and legal mechanism that would take into account the peculiarities of the national economy, legal system and environmental policy. The purpose of the article is to determine the key aspects of creating an economic and legal mechanism for the formation of a green economy. It was determined that an effective economic and legal mechanism for the formation of a green economy should be based on the harmonization of economic and legal aspects, as well as a comprehensive approach to its construction. The authors reveal the main economic aspects of the formation of the green economy (financing and investments, pricing and environmental taxes, innovation stimulation). It has been established that legislative initiatives, regulatory bodies and control, international agreements and standards, as well as national strategies and programs should be included in the legal aspects of the formation of a green economy. It was noted that the main lever for achieving success in the process of establishment and development of the green economy is the establishment of cooperation between state bodies, the private sector and the public. It was determined that attracting financial resources, developing effective legislation, control and monitoring, as well as international cooperation are key elements for achieving sustainable development and ensuring environmental safety. The authors concluded that the prospects for the formation of a green economy in Ukraine are quite favorable, provided that an integrated approach to the solution of environmental problems and the creation of an economic and legal mechanism for the formation of a green economy are provided. The implementation of the green economy will not only improve the quality of life and preserve the environment, but will also become an important factor in economic growth and increasing the country's competitiveness at the international level.

On split equality monotone variational inclusion and fixed point problems in reflexive Banach spaces

In this paper, motivated by the works of Akbar and Shahrosvand [Filomat {\bf 32} (2018), no.\ 11, 3917-3932], Ogbuisi and Izuchukwu [Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. {\bf 41} (2020), no.\ 2, 322-343], and some other related results in the literature, we introduce a Halpern iterative algorithm and employ a Bregman distance approach for approximating a solution of split equality monotone variational inclusion problem and fixed point problem of Bregman relatively nonexpansive mapping in reflexive Banach spaces. Under suitable condition, we state and prove a strong convergence result for approximating a common solution of the aforementioned problems. Furthermore, we give an application of our main result to variational inequality problems and provide some numerical examples to illustrate the convergence behavior of our result. The result presented in this paper extends and complements many related results in literature.

A Benchmark for Neutron Kinetics Methods in Hexagonal Geometry

A new benchmark solution has been developed to aid in the development of neutron kinetics solvers for hexagonal geometries, such as those in water-water energetic reactors. This benchmark problem is based on the two-dimensional, two-group, International Atomic Energy Agency–Hex steady-state benchmark problem. Two transient problems are presented: a ramp and a step transient. To create a benchmark-quality solution to this transient problem, a basic neutron kinetics model was added to the computer program LUPINE (Liquid metal–cooled fast reactor Utility for Physics Informed Nuclear Engineering). LUPINE solves neutron kinetics equations in general unstructured mesh. First, the LUPINE kinetics solvers are verified using the TWIGL benchmark problems. Then the methods in LUPINE are used to perform a spatiotemporal convergence analysis to ensure that the solutions are sufficiently converged. Finally, Richardson extrapolation is performed to obtain the reference solutions for these new kinetics benchmark problems.

Continuous process design of the microwave chemical recycling of waste plastics using microwave-absorbing heating elements

Conventional pyrolysis methods to chemically recycle plastic waste require significant energy input owing to inefficient energy transfer from the heat sources to plastics and the generation of excess CO2. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to develop alternative methods for the chemical recycling of waste plastics to limit global warming. In this study, the use of microwaves (MWs) as an efficient energy source for pyrolysis and chemical recycling. However, because plastic is transparent to MW energy, a method that utilizes carbon materials as MW-absorbing heating elements (MWAHEs) was developed. This method directly converted high-density polyethylene (HDPE) into light chemicals in up to 94% yield with 45% ethylene selectivity. A two-stage pyrolysis system incorporating MWAHE-assisted MW pyrolysis was also developed to produce light chemicals in 95% yield with 49% ethylene selectivity. From a chemical engineering perspective, this two-step pyrolysis system is an efficient and feasible method for producing valuable light olefins. This study also demonstrates that MWAHE assisted MW pyrolysis is effective for the chemical recycling of plastic waste. This study offers potential solutions for the environmental problems posed by plastic waste by developing efficient and scalable methods for its chemical recycling.

Academic Entrepreneurship Overview: New Program Development Using Entrepreneurship Principles

This paper examines human dimensions of innovation within the context of complex problem solving and solution generation. We review theories and methodologies used in entrepreneurship, identifying similarities and implications. In an illustrative case study, we describe process used to launch a new academic program in a university. Program faculty used frameworks, perspectives, and analysis that are fundamental to entrepreneurship with the goal of launching an academic program in response to local industry requests. We conclude with a discussion of implications for research and practice.

Determinant- and Derivative-Free Quantum Monte Carlo Within the Stochastic Representation of Wavefunctions

Abstract Describing the ground states of continuous, real-space quantum many-body systems, like atoms and molecules, is a significant computational challenge with applications throughout the physical sciences. Recent progress was made by variational methods based on machine learning (ML) ansatzes. However, since these approaches are based on energy minimization, ansatzes must be twice differentiable. This (a) precludes the use of many powerful classes of ML models; and (b) makes the enforcement of bosonic, fermionic, and other symmetries costly. Furthermore, (c) the optimization procedure is often unstable unless it is done by imaginary time propagation, which is often impractically expensive in modern ML models with many parameters. The stochastic representation of wavefunctions (SRW), introduced in Nat Commun 14, 3601 (2023), is a recent approach to overcoming (c). SRW enables imaginary time propagation at scale, and makes some headway towards the solution of problem (b), but remains limited by problem (a). Here, we argue that combining SRW with path integral techniques leads to a new formulation that overcomes all three problems simultaneously. As a demonstration, we apply the approach to generalized ``Hooke's atoms'': interacting particles in harmonic wells. We benchmark our results against state-of-the-art data where possible, and use it to investigate the crossover between the Fermi liquid and the Wigner molecule within closed-shell systems. Our results shed new light on the competition between interaction-driven symmetry breaking and kinetic-energy-driven delocalization.

Numerical solution of nonclassical boundary value problems

AbstractWe provide a new approach to obtain solutions of linear differential problems set in a Banach space and equipped with nonlocal boundary conditions. From this approach we derive a family of numerical schemes for the approximation of the solutions. We show by numerical tests that these schemes are numerically robust and computationally efficient.

A robust septic hermite collocation technique for dirichlet boundary condition Heat conduction equation

Abstract In the current manuscript, approximate solution for 1D heat conduction equation will be sought with the Septic Hermite Collocation Method (SHCM). To achieve this goal, by means of the roots of both Chebyschev and Legendre polynomials used at the inner collocation points, the pseudo code of the method is found out and applied using Matlab which is one of the widely utilized symbolic programming platforms. The unconditional stability of the scheme is shown by the traditional von-Neumann stability technique. To illustrate the accuracy and effectiveness of this newly current numerical scheme, a comparison among analytical and the computed numerical results is presented in tabular forms. It has been illustrated that the scheme is both accurate and effective one and at the same time can be used in a successful way for finding out numerical solutions of several nonlinear problems as well as linear ones.

Solving problems of volume scheduling for shipbuilding enterprises in conditions of limited resources

The shipbuilding industry development strategy for the period up to 2035 and beyond is aimed at creating a new competitive shipbuilding industry based on the development of scientific, technical and personnel potential, optimization of production capacities, their modernization and technical re-equipment [1]. The paper is devoted to solving problems of volume-calendar production planning for shipbuilding enterprises when coordinating the production capacity of the enterprise with the resource needs to fulfill obligations determined by the generated order portfolio. Shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises are typical representatives of enterprises with single and small-scale production and a long production cycle of the main products [2-4]. The problem is solved at the stage of forming a portfolio of orders, which is based on the limited volumes of resources available to the production system. It is required to determine the amount of missing resources by calendar periods that are necessary for the effective functioning of the production system. Non-stored resources such as labor resources, equipment operating time, are usually taken into account when solving the problems of volumetric or volume-scheduling planning. Such resources being unused in a certain planning cycle cannot be used in subsequent cycles. The procedure for finding missing volumes of resources is formulated as the problem of reducing an incompatible system of linear two-sided algebraic inequalities to a compatible one. To do this, it is proposed to “expand” the initial parameters of the system, taking into account the costs of expansion, so that the system becomes compatible. In the general case, formally, the problem under consideration is close to the problem of finding a Chebyshev point [5] for an incompatible system of linear algebraic equations, i.e. a point that is geometrically the least deviating from all hyperplanes formed by the system constraints. The paper proposes statements and solutions of volume-scheduling problems for the case when the structure of the problem constraints is modeled by a root-oriented weighted tree. This hierarchical structure is typical for shipbuilding enterprises [6].

A dual opposition learning-based multi-objective Aquila Optimizer for trading-off time-cost-quality-CO2 emissions of generalized construction projects

PurposeMost of the existing time-cost-quality-environmental impact trade-off (TCQET) analysis models have focused on solving a simple project representation without taking typical activity and project characteristics into account. This study aims to present a novel approach called the “hybrid opposition learning-based Aquila Optimizer” (HOLAO) for optimizing TCQET decisions in generalized construction projects.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a HOLAO algorithm is designed, incorporating the quasi-opposition-based learning (QOBL) and quasi-reflection-based learning (QRBL) strategies in the initial population and generation jumping phases, respectively. The crowded distance rank (CDR) mechanism is utilized to rank the optimal Pareto-front solutions to assist decision-makers (DMs) in achieving a single compromise solution.FindingsThe efficacy of the proposed methodology is evaluated by examining TCQET problems, involving 69 and 290 activities, respectively. Results indicate that the HOLAO provides competitive solutions for TCQET problems in construction projects. It is observed that the algorithm surpasses multiple objective social group optimization (MOSGO), plain Aquila Optimization (AO), QRBL and QOBL algorithms in terms of both number of function evaluations (NFE) and hypervolume (HV) indicator.Originality/valueThis paper introduces a novel concept called hybrid opposition-based learning (HOL), which incorporates two opposition strategies: QOBL as an explorative opposition and QRBL as an exploitative opposition. Achieving an effective balance between exploration and exploitation is crucial for the success of any algorithm. To this end, QOBL and QRBL are developed to ensure a proper equilibrium between the exploration and exploitation phases of the basic AO algorithm. The third contribution is to provide TCQET resource utilizations (construction plans) to evaluate the impact of these resources on the construction project performance.

Implementing innovation in project-based learning in electro-mechanical engineering education

This study investigates the implementation of project-based learning (PBL) in electro-mechanical engineering education, emphasizing the modeling and application of an innovation process to enhance student engagement, motivation, and employability. Initially, the innovation process was systematically modeled using Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT) to manage and organize skills, knowledge, and resources effectively. This model was subsequently applied in an educational experience focused on highly technical aspects such as energy conversion modeling, mechanical improvements, material science, and efficiency analysis. These aspects were primarily applied in the context of permanent magnet synchronous machines employed in electric vehicle (EV) axles. The SADT modeling allowed for a clear delineation of the innovation phases, ensuring a structured approach to project execution. Statistical analysis of the PBL approach indicated significant improvements in student performance, with a 25% increase in problem-solving skills and a 30% enhancement in critical thinking abilities. The case study demonstrated that industry-oriented projects significantly boost student satisfaction, particularly in problem definition and solution identification, leading to a more engaging and effective learning experience.

IDENTIFICATION OF AN ARBITRARY MOVING AXISYMMETRIC LOAD ACTING ON A CYLINDRICAL SHELL

Various types of external non-stationary loads can act on various structural elements and cylindrical shells of finite length in particular distributed and concentrated, stationary and moving load. When using various external load identification methods, the type of external load is usually known. In prac- tice this is not always the case. The purpose of the study is to develop a method for identifying an arbitrary axisymmetric load acting on an elastic cy- lindrical shell of finite length, which can be used to identify a moving load. To model the non-stationary load of a cylindrical shell, a system of differ- ential equations of the refined Timoshenko theory for medium thickness shells was used. The solution to this system of differential equations is ob- tained by expanding the unknown functions into Fourier series and applying the integral Laplace transform. The solution of the inverse problem was obtained using the theory of integral equations and the Tikhonov regularization method. As a result of the study, a solution of the inverse problem of solid mechanics to identify an arbitrary axisymmetric non-stationary load was obtained. A numerical experiment was carried out to use the developed method to identify a moving non-stationary load acting on a simply supported cylindrical shell of medium thickness. The simulation results indicate a fairly accurate identification of both the change in time and the distribution along the shell of a non-stationary axisymmetric moving load. A method has been developed for identifying an external non-stationary load randomly distributed along a cylindrical shell, which makes it possible to identify a moving load without preliminary information about the type of this load. The developed method allows us to reproduce moving non-stationary loads, which are often encountered in practice, and expand it to other types of structural elements.

Three Weak Solutions for a Critical Non-Local Problem with Strong Singularity in High Dimension

Three Weak Solutions for a Critical Non-Local Problem with Strong Singularity in High Dimension

Гендерный фактор в развитии социально-экономических проблем Кабардино-Балкарской Республики: угрозы и риски

The article is devoted to some socio-economic problems of modern Kabardino-Balkaria, which cannot be gender neutral. The globalization of the economy has been a powerful factor influencing adaptive gender attitudes and the positioning of women in the general system of social interactions. It is shown that today the solution of socio-economic problems in the gender dimension in Kabardino-Balkaria is influenced by the historically formed traditional division of labor between Kabardins and Balkarians, the dynamics of technological changes, which generates the division of economic sectors by gender; uncontrolled outflow of labor from the republic; disproportions in the regional sphere of employment, associated, among other things, with the female factor; marginalization of the female and male workforce, which has led to the formation of special labor markets, where it is the female segment that is characterized by lower wages with a sufficiently high level of education and professionalism. It is concluded that all the identified socio-economic problems impede the stable reproduction of the population and create threats and risks to the social security of the region.

On a supersonic-sonic patch arising from the two-dimensional Riemann problem of the compressible Euler equations

We are interested in the two-dimensional four-constant Riemann problem to the isentropic compressible Euler equations. In terms of the self-similar variables, the governing system is of nonlinear mixed-type and the solution configuration typically contains transonic and small-scale structures. We construct a supersonic-sonic patch along a pseudo-streamline from the supersonic part to a sonic point. This kind of patch appears frequently in the two-dimensional Riemann problem and is a building block for constructing a global solution. To overcome the difficulty caused by the sonic degeneracy, we apply the characteristic decomposition technique to handle the problem in a partial hodograph plane. We establish a regular supersonic solution for the original problem by showing the global one-to-one property of the partial hodograph transformation. The uniform regularity of the solution and the regularity of an associated sonic curve are also discussed.