Particles In Solution Research Articles

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles, Bioactivity Profiling and Assessment of Photocatalytic Dye Degradation Activity in Punica granatum Juice

Abstract: The textile businesses, particularly dyeing industry is the major polluter in the globe, since the dye manufacturing necessitates a huge quantity of water. Plant mediated nanomaterials has the potential to dramatically accelerate the green revolution in the nanomaterial sectors where environmental contamination is a major problem. In the present study, Punica granatum fruit juice was used as plant source to carry out the green synthesis of AgNPs, reported for the first time. The Punica granatum is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, responsible in the reduction of Ag+ ions to form AgNPs. The synthesized Punica granatum AgNPs were investigated using UV-vis spectrophotometry, where they had exhibited a visible color change and the maximum absorption peak at 421nm, confirming the formation Punica granatum AgNPs. The SEM analysis had revealed the particles morphology and confirmed the rectangular, spherical and rod structure of the particles. The FTIR analysis had shown the presence of different functional group responsible in the reduction and formation of AgNPs. Further, the dynamic light scattering has depicted the average size to be 228.3nm of the formed AgNPs and the size distribution of the particles in the colloidal solution. The photocatalytic degradation MB dye was carried out using the biosynthesized AgNPs and NaBH4, resulting in 99.4% degradation activity, with an increased concentration of the colloidal Punica granatum AgNPs. The quantitative detection of heavy metal salt solution was performed, with the use of Punica granatum AgNPs as a biosensor, showed its sensitivity towards mercury. The antibacterial activity performed against the following bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Proteus sp., which had resulted in the formation of a clear zone of inhibition. Punica granatum AgNPs had also showed maximum of 80.94% of DPPH scavenging activity.

Image Measurement of Crystal Size Growth during Cooling Crystallization Using High-Speed Imaging and a U-Net Network

In this paper, an image measurement method using a high-speed imaging system is proposed for the evolution of crystal population sizes during cooling crystallization processes. Firstly, to resist the negative effect from solution stirring and particle motion during crystallization, a U-net network-based image processing method is established to efficiently detect sufficiently clear crystals from the online captured microscopic images. Accordingly, the crystal size distribution model is analyzed in terms of the counted probability densities of these crystal images. Subsequently, a measurement method of size growth rate based on crystal population distribution is proposed to estimate the growth condition. An experimental case on a crystallization process of β-form LGA is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

VOLDIS: A Direct Search for the Size Distribution of Nanoparticles from Small-Angle Scattering Data and Stability of the Solution

The paper considers an algorithm for the direct search for a nonparametric smooth histogram of the particle size distribution from small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering data. The features and details of the implementation of the method, which consists in the sequential search for several solutions with different degrees of smoothness of the distribution contour, are considered. Methods for evaluating the stability of both the whole distribution contour and its individual parts are discussed. The work of the program is illustrated by examples of the analysis of polydisperse spherical particles in silicasol solutions.

Molecular Dynamics Model to Explore the Initial Stages of Anion Exchange involving Layered Double Hydroxide Particles.

A classical molecular dynamics (MD) model of fully unconstrained layered double hydroxide (LDH) particles in aqueous NaCl solution was developed to explore the initial stages of the anion exchange process, a key feature of LDHs for their application in different fields. In particular, this study focuses on the active corrosion protection mechanism, where LDHs are able to entrap aggressive species from the solution while releasing fewer corrosive species or even corrosion inhibitors. With this purpose in mind, it was explored the release kinetics of the delivery of nitrate and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT, a typical corrosion inhibitor) from layered double hydroxide particles triggered by the presence of aggressive chloride anions in solution. It was shown that the delamination of the cationic layers occurs during the anion exchange process, which is especially evident in the case of MBT-.

Study of the effect of current intensity on the structural performance of electrogenerated mesoporous aluminum phosphate: application for adsorption.

To keep up with the development of contaminants in the water supply, it is required to create new adsorbents or improve current ones. The adsorption capacity of AlPO4 electrocoagulated with varying current intensities was examined. AlPO4 was produced by electrolysis in a NaCl solution using aluminum electrodes and a 0.1M phosphate buffer at varying current intensities. Current efficiency was enhanced. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze the adsorbents (FTIR). The specific surface area was estimated by the quantity of methylene blue adsorbed by particles in an aqueous solution. Numerous operating factors must be addressed, including pH, starting concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact duration. The electrostatic interaction between positively charged MB molecules and negatively charged adsorbents drives adsorption at alkaline pH. When describing equilibrium adsorption, the Langmuir model is more accurate. Modeling using an adsorption isotherm may further improve the predicted specific surface area. At 0.2 amperes, the observed specific surface area was 2.86 m2/g.

Shedding light on the formation and stability of mesostructures in ternary “Ouzo” mixtures

Hypothesis: Ternary systems made of water, a water-miscible solvent, and hydrophobic solutes spontaneously produce metastable particles by the “Ouzo effect” and thermodynamically stable “Surfactant-Free Micro Emulsions” (SFME). However, the use of different analyses has led to a variability in the criteria to determine the boundaries of the Ouzo domain. We hypothesized that this could be clarified by investigating the stability and the physical state of the particles.Experiments: We investigate four systems using both solid and liquid solutes and two different solvents, and achieved a careful investigation of their phase diagrams, using DLS, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, NMR, Multiple Light Scattering, electrophoretic mobility, and fluorescence analysis.Findings: Our results evidence that the transition from the monophasic to the Ouzo domains does not coincide with the cloudiness curve, and that compositions in the Ouzo domain can look fully transparent, in contrast to what is often considered. This transition is best determined by stability analysis. The cloudiness curve corresponds to the formation of particles with a large size dispersity. In the Ouzo domain, we observed an exchange of solute between the continuous phase and solute particles swollen with solvent. In addition, the particles are stabilized against coalescence by their high negative charge.

Flow past a sphere: Numerical predictions of thixo-viscoelastoplastic wormlike micellar solutions

In this work, we present numerical solutions to the benchmark flow past a sphere problem considering the rheology of semi-diluted and concentrated wormlike micellar viscoelastic solutions using the most recent model-variant of the Bautista–Manero–Puig (BMP) family of fluids, i.e. the BMP+ _ τ p model (López-Aguilar et al., [1] ). This study is performed using our in-house finite volume/element algorithm, stabilised to attain highly-elastic non-linear solutions with two novel constitutive and boundary-condition implementations, i.e. the ABS- f (ABSolute f -functional) and the VGR (Velocity GRadient) corrections (López-Aguilar et al., [2] ). The structuring level of various wormlike micellar fluids with different solute concentrations (from semi-diluted to extremely concentrated solutions) and degrees of strain-hardening is studied with a dynamic dimensionless fluidity that connects the internal structure construction-destruction dynamics with viscoelasticity. In complex flow, a viscoelastic flow-regime unveils the prediction of a flow transition from a stable steady flow (related to a steady sphere settling) to an unsteady quasi-periodic flow regime, in which transient cycles of vortex formation-disappearance behind the sphere are present, resembling experimental findings on negative-wake instabilities and oscillations in the settling velocity for the descend of particles in wormlike micellar solutions. This instability is predicted here for semi-diluted to concentrated wormlike micellar solutions and it is located in flow-rate ranges corresponding to extensional Deborah numbers in the interval of around 26 . 7 ≤ D e e x t ≤ 40 . 3 , as reported experimentally. This behaviour is correlated with a chaotic flow-structure behind the obstacle, for which strong fluctuation in the fluid’s internal-structure is recorded. In the steady viscoelastic flow regime, correlation between the BMP+ _ τ p fluidity structure-variable and its normal-stress response around and downstream of the sphere (in the form of localised extrema) is detected, where interaction between the rheological response of the material and mixed shear-to-extensional deformation provide insights into the forces the fluid elements experiment in the sphere wake. Here, a monotonic decline in the drag-correction factor is observed, this being one of the main experimental manifestations of the steady sphere-settling phase in these materials. These findings may serve to further understand flow transitions and instabilities related to negative wakes in this kind of shear-thinning extensional-hardening fluids (Rothstein and Mohammadigoushki, [3] ). In a plastic regime, complex thixo-viscoelastoplastic BMP+ _ τ p features manifest through the prediction of fore-aft asymmetries promoted by the thixotropic structure construction-destruction and viscoelastic properties of the model under extremely low solute-concentrations. Predicted yield-fronts resemble those reported experimentally by Holenberg et al. [4] for carbopol solutions. • Negative-wake instability predictions in the De -range recorded experimentally. • Correlation between extensional viscosity and normal stresses in the sphere wake. • Localised N 1 and internal-structure f -functional in the sphere wake. • First normal-stress activity in the sphere wake follows extensional viscosity response. • Asymmetric yield-fronts under highly-concentrated gel-like wormlike micellar solutions.

Theory of Charge Regulation of Colloidal Particles in Electrolyte Solutions

We present a theory that enables us to (i) calculate the effective surface charge of colloidal particles and (ii) efficiently obtain titration curves for different salt concentrations. The theory accounts for the shift of pH of solution due to the presence of 1:1 electrolyte. It also accounts self-consistently for the electrostatic potential produced by the deprotonated surface groups. To examine the accuracy of the theory, we have performed extensive reactive Monte Carlo simulations, which show excellent agreement between theory and simulations without any adjustable parameters.

Promoting fine particle agglomeration through organic agglomeration solutions with charged atomization

• The charged atomization technology of organic agglomeration solution was proposed and investigated. • Main influence factors and agglomeration mechanism were fully investigated. • The atomization and agglomeration performance of agglomeration solution before and after charged atomization were compared. • Charged atomization improved the agglomeration ability of organic agglomeration solution greatly. Chemical agglomeration is an effective method for agglomerating fine particles. Generally, an aqueous solution of an organic polymer is used as the agglomeration solution. However, these water-soluble polymers have high viscosity, resulting in a poor atomization effect of the solution, which significantly reduces the probability of collision between the agglomeration solution droplets and particles and further reduces the agglomeration efficiency of particles. To improve the agglomeration efficiency, the charged atomization technology of organic agglomeration solutions was proposed and investigated. The results showed that although the agglomeration effects of different organic agglomeration solutions on particles were different, the agglomeration performance improved after charged atomization. Among the four solutions obtained using the charged atomization technique, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and sodium alginate (SAA) showed the largest improvement in performance. Compared to the uncharged droplet, the agglomeration efficiency of fine particles increased by 53.4% for the 0.01% CMC solution under the charged droplet condition. With an increase in the mass concentration, the agglomeration efficiency of the particles increased but the change rate decreased, and this trend was more apparent after charged atomization. As the concentration increased from 0.03% to 0.1%, the change rates of the relative agglomeration efficiency of CMC before and after charged atomization were 11.2% and 2.4%, respectively. The change in droplet size is among the main reasons for the change in the agglomeration ability of an organic solution. Since the conductivity and viscosity of the solution affect the change in droplet size after charged atomization, it also has an effect on the agglomeration efficiency of the solution. The agglomeration performance of the organic agglomeration solution with high conductivity and low viscosity improved significantly after charged atomization. The particles exhibited characteristics of more compact chains and clusters after charged atomization.

Construction and anti-corrosion behavior study of silanol-modified Ni-WS2 superhydrophobic composite coating

In this study, a novel superhydrophobic composite coating is prepared by a two-step method. Firstly, the Ni-based deposition coating is fabricated via composite electrodeposition with WS2 granules worked as dispersed phase particles, and the roughness of deposit coating can be adjusted by changing the added amount of sulfide in the bath. The prepared Ni-WS2 deposit exhibits sufficiently high roughness and suitable micro-nano morphology. Then, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) is used to modify the deposition coating with low surface energy to obtain silanol-modified Ni-WS2 coating with superhydrophobic properties. The superhydrophobic behavior of the composite coating conforms to the Cassie-Baxter model, with low adhesion to aqueous solutions. When the addition amount of WS2 particles in the plating solution during the electrodeposition process is 5 g·L−1, the prepared composite coating has the excellent superhydrophobic properties. The water contact angle of the composite coating is 154.7° ± 2 and the sliding angle can reach 6°. And the superhydrophobic composite coating exhibits excellent corrosion resistance.

Role of surface morphology on bed material activation during indirect gasification of wood

Olivine and alkali-feldspar were utilized in separate campaigns in an indirect dual fluidized bed gasification campaign with woody biomass as fuel. After three days, both bed materials were reported to be active towards tar removal and exhibited oxygen-carrying abilities and had formed an ash layer consisting of an outer ash deposition layer and an inner interaction layer.X-ray microtomography analysis concluded that a preferred deposition of ash happens onto convex regions of the bed particles, which results in an increase in thickness of the ash layer over convex regions. This effect is most pronounced for the outer layer which is a product of ash deposition. The inner layer exhibits a homogeneous thickness and is probably formed by interaction of Ca from the outer layer with the particles. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of Fe and Mn on the surface of the particles in a solid solution with Mg. The oxygen-carrying effect which is found for aged particles is therefore attributed to the presence of Fe and Mn on the surface of aged particles. Alkali were found on the surface of both particles which are likely contributing to the catalytic activity of the material towards tar removal.

Physicochemical and gel properties of pumpkin seed protein: a comparative study

SummaryThe physicochemical properties and heat‐induced gel properties of pumpkin seed protein isolates (PSPI) were explored and compared with soybean protein isolate (SPI) and pea protein isolates (PPI). These plant proteins were subjected to ultrasound, acid or alkaline treatment (pH 3 or 11). The content of amino acids and subunit composition were different in PSPI compared with SPI and PPI. Rheological and textural experiments showed that native PSPI had the highest gel strength among the three proteins. This was due to the high hydrophobicity of PSPI and the filling effect of insoluble particles in the protein solution. PSPI had a more pronounced improvement in gel properties after ultrasound or alkaline treatment compared with SPI and PPI, which was due to the increased surface hydrophobicity, increased solubility and reduced particle size of the proteins. The acid treatment induced insoluble aggregates increased the protein particle size, and decreased the protein solubility, resulting in a negative effect on the PSPI protein gel. Therefore, it can be concluded that PSPI has better heat‐induced gelation than SPI and PPI and can be used as a substitute for SPI and PPI in the food industry.

Colloidal Rod-Like Particles with Temperature-Driven Tunable Interactions.

Temperature-sensitive rod-like colloidal particles were synthesized by grafting a temperature-responsive polymer, poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMA), on the surface of high aspect ratio silica rods by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The stability of the grafted polymer on the surface of the particles in aqueous solutions was found to deteriorate with time, leading to a gradual decrease of the polymer content of the hybrid colloids, which was attributed to the mechanically activated hydrolysis of the labile bonds at the polymer-silica interface. The polymer degrafting was significantly suppressed by first growing a hydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate) block onto the particle surface to act as a barrier layer for the penetration of water molecules at the polymer-particle interface, followed by chain-extension with the hydrophilic PDMA chains. Dynamic light scattering, microscopy, and rheological measurements revealed that the PDMA block conferred a temperature-responsive behavior to the rod-like particles, which formed aggregates at temperatures above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polymer. However, in contrast to their spherical counterparts, the polymer-grafted rod-like particles did not exhibit complete thermo-reversibility upon lowering the solution temperature below the LCST of PDMA, which was reflected by different values of the diffusion coefficient for the heating and cooling cycles, indicating an irreversible rod particle aggregation upon increasing the temperature.

Biosorption of Synthetic Dye by Macrofungi

This research project aimed to provide an environmentally friendly method for the decolorization and biosorption of synthetic dye by utilizing fungi as biosorbents. The study was carried out by first growing the fungi in solid medium and then using the fungi as biosorbent to absorb dye in aqueous solution. In the first stage, screening experiments were carried out among 5 different types of fungi, and Pleurotus ostreatus was determined to have the highest growth rate. The Pleurotus ostreatus was recultivated with Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye to determine its dye removal ability. Pleurotus ostreatus sp. exhibited vigorous dye decolorization in agar medium within 2 days. By carrying out batch analysis, 4 parameters were examined, which were the effect of pH, surfactant concentration (Tween 80), salinity concentration and dosage of biosorbent. The results showed that the maximum dye decolourization by Pleurotus ostreatus can be achieved through establishing an acidic condition of pH 2, addition of 0.1mL of Tween 80, 0mg/l of sodium chloride concentration, and dosage of 8 plugs. Lastly, the experimental data was found to fit the Jovanovic Isotherm the most. In conclusion, Pleurotus ostreatus is capable of decolourizing and adsorbing dye particles in the dye aqueous solution.

Pore characteristics and micro-structure change of undisturbed loess induced by acid corrosion

With the rapid development of coal chemical base and urbanization construction in China's Loess Plateau, the phenomenon of acid corrosion induced loess geological disasters tends to occur frequently in this region. Loess is characterized by high water sensitivity, dense vertical joint surface, and rich in carbonate minerals, which providing a good precondition for acid solution corrosion. Due to the occurrence of chemical erosion, the changes of loess structure and strength become more complex, and there is a significant difference from the conventional water infiltration-induced loess disasters. In order to clearly grasp the internal mineral and structural damage characteristics of loess under acid dissolution conditions, this work studies the pore characteristics and micro-structure change of undisturbed loess under acid corrosion conditions with different pH values (7, 5 and 3) and dissolution times (5,10 and 15 days). It is found that the content of carbonate minerals in the undisturbed loess,and the combined structure characteristics are the two main factors affecting its acid corrosion effect. Specific findings include as: (1) With the decrease of pH, the dissolution of carbonate minerals such as calcite and dolomite intensifies (the element content of the precipitate: Ca96.58%, Mg1.26%), and the selective dissolution of silicate minerals (albite and chlorite) are obvious, which provides expansion space for pores. As a result, the change of the pore structure of undisturbed loess by acid leaching is as follows: Expansion of initial joints→Connectivity and enlargement of internal pores→The increase of new shallow pores. Meanwhile, under the action of acid dissolution, the cohesive substances were rearranged due to the dissolution, disintegration and rotation of the skeleton particles during the collapse, resulting in an increasing in the content of fine particles in the soil. (2) With the increase of corrosion time, the roundness increased from 7.19 to 25.98 which proves that the contact between the acid solution and mineral particles is more complete, and the effect of corrosion and particle aggregation is more significant. This results in a reciprocating unidirectional development of the pore structure. Flocculated particles with clay properties appear alternately in the soil structure. (3)The occurrence of acid-sensitive geological disasters in loess is mainly divided into three stages: The filling of the structural surface is eroded by acid→The horizontal and vertical erosion is intensify→The soil is broken down into particles that are washed away. This study has a certain reference for understanding the damage mechanism and early warning of loess eroded by acid solution in China's Loess Plateau.

Mathematical analysis of casson fluid flow with energy and mass transfer under the influence of activation energy from a non-coaxially spinning disc

A Casson fluid is the most suitable rheological model for blood and other non-Newtonian fluids. Casson fluids hold yield-stress and have great significance in biomechanics and polymer industries. In this analysis, a numerical simulation of non-coaxial rotation of a Casson fluid over a circular disc was estimated. The influence of thermal radiation, second-order chemical reactions, buoyancy, and heat source on a Casson fluid above a rotating frame was studied. The time evolution of secondary and primary velocities, solute particles, and energy contours were also examined. A magnetic flux of varying intensity was applied to the fluid flow. A nonlinear sequence of partial differential equations was used to describe the phenomenon. The modeled equations were reduced to a non-dimensional set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using similarity replacement. The obtained sets of ODEs were further simulated using the parametric continuation method (PCM). The impact of physical constraints on energy, concentration, and velocity profiles are presented through figures and tables. It should be noted that the effect of the Casson fluid coefficient, the Grashof number, and the magnetic field reduces the fluid’s primary velocity contour. The mass transfer field decreases with the action of constructive chemical reactions, but is augmented by the effects of destructive chemical reactions. The accelerating trend in Schmidt number lowers the mass profile, while it is enhanced by increasing values of activation energy and Soret number.

A 10 M Ω, 50 kHz-40 MHz Impedance Measurement Architecture for Source-Differential Flow Cytometry.

A low-power, impedance-based integrated circuit (IC) readout architecture is presented for cell analysis and cytometry applications. A three-electrode layout and source-differential excitation cancels baseline current prior to the sensor front-end, which enables the use of a high-gain readout circuit for the difference current. A lock-in architecture is employed with down-conversion and up-conversion in the feedback loop, enabling high closed-loop gain (up to 10 M Ω) and high bandwidth (up to 40 MHz). A hybrid-RC feedback network mitigates the SNR degradation seen over a wide operating frequency range when using purely capacitive feedback. The effect of phase shift on the closed-loop system gain and noise performance are analyzed in detail, along with optimization strategies, and the design includes fine-grained phase adjustment to minimize phase error. The impedance sensor was fabricated in a 0.18 μ m CMOS process and consumes 9.7 mW with an operating frequency from 50 kHz to 40 MHz and provides adjustable bandwidth. Measurements demonstrate that the impedance sensor achieves 6 pA [Formula: see text] input-referred noise over 200 Hz bandwidth at 0.5 MHz modulation frequency. Combined with a microfluidic flow cell, measured results using this source-differential measurement approach are presented using both monodisperse and polydisperse sample solutions and demonstrate single-cell resolution, detecting 3 μ m diameter particles in solution with 22 dB SNR.

Novel precipitation strengthened Al-Y-Sc-Er alloy with high mechanical properties, ductility and electrical conductivity produced by different thermomechanical treatments

This study investigated the evolution of the microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of novel Al-0.2Y-0.2Sc-0.3Er alloy in as-cast, as-rolled, and annealed states. Aluminum solid solution and τ2 (Al75–76Er11–17Y7–14) eutectic phase particles with a size of 50–200 nm were identified in the as-cast alloy sample by scanning electron microscopy investigation and phase diagram analyses. A precipitation strengthening mechanism was implemented during annealing at 300 °C for 7 h due to L12 precipitates of Al3(Sc,Y,Er) phase with a maximum diameter of 10 nm. The same structure was formed in the samples annealed at 300 °C for 7 h after rolling the as-cast alloy without aging treatment. The samples aged before rolling formed a more homogenous and finer substructure, with a grain structure formed after annealing rolled sheets. Significantly more uniform structures facilitate achieving higher strength and electrical conductivity. Al-0.2Y-0.2Sc-0.3Er alloy aged at 300 °C for 7 h, hot and cold rolled, and annealed at 300 °C for 7 h exhibited a good combination of strength and electrical conductivity: YS = 191 MPa, UTS = 207 MPa, El. = 14 %, and EC = 59.7 % IACS.

Atomistic Mismatch Defines Energy-Structure Relationships during Oriented Attachment of Nanoparticles.

Oriented attachment is an important crystal growth pathway in nature and has been extensively exploited to develop hierarchically structured crystalline materials. Atomistic mismatch in the crystal structure of two particles in the solvent-separated state creates forces that drive particle motions enabling solvent expulsion and coalescence, but the relative magnitudes of the energy barriers for approach, rotation, and translation are not well-known. Here we use classical molecular simulations to calculate the potential of mean force for these three different motions for basal surface encounters of gibbsite nanoplatelets separated by one water layer. In all cases, the highest energy barrier is associated with removing this last water layer to enable jump to contact, even when coaligned. Mutual rotation is more probable than sliding motion, which are both much more probable than jump to contact. This work provides the first comparison on an equal footing of the energy-structure relationships for multiple alignment paths between solvent-separated particles in bulk aqueous solution.

Wet mechanical grinding regulates the micro-nano interfaces and structure of MXene/PVA composite for enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity

The applications of MXene/polymer-based functional materials have been widely reported, while the understanding of the structural evolution of MXene/polymer composites during combination is still limited. Herein, mechanical grinding is applied for the delamination and dispersion of multilayer MXene particles in PVA aqueous solution, during which they are gradually delaminated into nanosheets. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and rheological properties analysis demonstrate that the specific surface area and exposed functional groups of MXene sheets are drastically increased, which greatly contributes to the construction of MXene-PVA interfacial interactions and the enhancement of gel networks. Furthermore, the exfoliated MXene nanosheets are uniformly distributed in the resultant MXene/PVA composite films, which greatly facilitates the stress transfer and the transportation of electrons/phonons, leading to significantly improved mechanical properties and electrical/thermal conductivities. This work provides fruitful insights into the optimized fabrication of MXene/polymer composites.