Solid Waste Treatment Research Articles

New insight into the spatio-temporal patterns of functional groups of hotspot inside the composting aggregates by synchrotron-based FTIR in hyperthermophilic composting

Hyperthermophilic composting (HTC) is a recently developed and highly promising organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) treatment technology. Investigation of organic matter (OM) dynamics in compost particle is thus crucial for the understanding of humification of HTC process. Herein, this work aimed to study the chemical and structural changes of OM at the molecular level during HTC of OFMSW using EEM and SR-FTIR analyses. Additionally, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) was also utilized to probe and identify the changes in chemical constituents and functional groups of organic compounds on the surface of compost particles during different composting periods. Results show that SR-FTIR can detect fine-scale (~μm) changes in functional groups from the edges to the interior of compost particles during different composting periods by mapping the particles in situ. In the hyperthermophilic stage (day 9), the extracted μ-FTIR spectrum reveals a distinct boundary between anaerobic and aerobic regions within the compost particle, with a thickness of anaerobic zone (1460 cm−1) of approximately 30 μm inside the particle's core. This provides direct evidence of anaerobic trends at compost microscales level within compost particles. 2D-COS analysis indicated that organic functional groups gradually agglomerated in the order of 1330 > 2930 > 3320 > 1600 > 1030 > 895 cm−1 to the core skeleton of cellulose degradation residues, forming compost aggregates with well physicochemical properties. Overall, the first combination of SR-FTIR and EEM provides complementary explanations for the humification mechanism of HTC, potentially introducing a novel methodology for investigating the environmental behaviors and fates of various organic contaminants associated with OM during the in-situ composting biochemical process.

Research on households’ willingness to pay for the options of price calculation of household solid waste management services in Hanoi

This study used the contingent valuation method (CVM) to investigate and analyse the current status of household solid waste management and evaluate people’s consensus and willingness to pay (WTP) for household solid waste collection, transportation, and treatment services among urban, rural, and mountainous areas in Hanoi. It also utilised regression analysis to assess factors affecting people’s WTP. The study surveyed a sample size of 405 households. To ensure a basis for comparison among urban, rural, and mountainous areas, the study distributed and conducted an equal number of 135 surveys in each area through random sampling. The research results indicate that the average household solid waste in Hanoi is highest in urban areas at 1.27 kg/household/day, followed by rural areas at 1.21 kg/household/day, and mountainous areas at 1.067 kg/household/day. However, most household solid waste has not been classified at the source. Regarding WTP for household solid waste collection, transportation, and treatment services, the results show that 85% of urban households agreed to pay higher than the proposed price, with an average WTP of 1,136 VND/kg. In rural households, 47% agreed to pay 778.96 VND/kg, and 11% of mountainous households agreed to pay an average of 673.04 VND/kg. These insights can guide tailored waste management pricing strategies across diverse urban and rural settings.

Analysis of calcination activation modified coal gangue and its acid activation mechanism

Acid activation and utilization of coal gangue is of great significance for effective treatment of bulk solid waste in the environment. However, most gangue is quite inert and requires calcination to induce acid activation. In this paper, coal gangue was calcined, and the optimal calcination temperature for activation of the coal gangue acid was explored. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry/thermal differential analysis (TG/DTG) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to analyze the crystal structures of the gangue samples formed at different calcination temperatures, which showed that increases in the amorphous content and structural degradation of the coal gangue samples occurred during calcination. The solubility of silicon and aluminum in acid solution was demonstrated with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‒OES). XRD and TG/DTG were used to characterize the acid activation products formed at different calcination temperatures. The results show that with the increase of calcination temperature, the compressive strength first increases and then decreases, and reached the maximum value at 650 °C; the compressive strengths at 7 d, 28 d and 90 d were 1.32 MPa, 3.22 MPa and 5.14 MPa. At 650 °C, the kaolinite in the gangue was converted into metakaolin, the aluminum-oxygen octahedra had the hydroxyl groups removed, the silicon-oxygen tetrahedra were depolymerized, the absorption bands for Si–O, Si–O–Al and Al–O bonds were broadened, the Al2p and Si2p binding energies were reduced, the splitting were increased, and more Al dissolved in the acid solution, so it has the highest acid reactivity.

Intelligent design and seawater mixing performance of new synchronous grouting materials in a pure-solid-waste framework

Solid waste, as a reliable raw material substitute for synchronous grouting materials in shield tunneling, addresses the issue of recycling traditional waste. Additionally, geopolymer slurries utilizing waste exhibit excellent physical and chemical properties, meeting requirements for the stability and long-term performance of synchronous grouting materials. In this study, an environmentally friendly polymer grouting material based on pure solid waste was developed using sunflower stalk ash, blast furnace slag, and fly ash as raw materials. By varying the proportions of binder materials and quantity of seawater introduced, we systematically analyzed the applicability of grouting materials and reliability of seawater as a mixing medium in a comprehensive solid waste framework. We utilized an artificial intelligence integrated algorithm to predict the compressive strengths of cementitious materials with different ratios through forward performance prediction. The proportions were then inverted using a simulated annealing algorithm according to the strength required for actual engineering applications. The results demonstrated that under the dual effects of sunflower stalk ash alkalinity and seawater composite salts, more active Si and Al ions were released during the hydration process. The solid waste filling and accelerating effects of composite salt hydration can effectively improve the pore structure, resulting in a significant increase in early compressive strength. The artificial intelligence ensemble algorithm proved to be an effective model for predicting compressive strength and the simulated annealing algorithm successfully determined the optimal ratios for meeting practical production requirements. These findings provide a foundation for solid waste treatment and underground engineering using seawater resources, contribute to the preparation of high-performance slurries, and facilitate green development.

Optimizing life cycle sustainability based on municipal solid waste streams and treatment potentials

Optimizing life cycle sustainability based on municipal solid waste streams and treatment potentials

Identifying ESG types of Chinese solid waste disposal companies based on machine learning methods

In the context of China's efforts to combat climate change and promote sustainable development, the solid waste treatment industry's environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) performance is receiving significant attention. To comprehensively assess the ESG performance of the solid waste treatment industry and identify company types, this study constructs a targeted ESG evaluation index system based on existing literature, SASB industry standards, and company reports and utilizes a random forest approach combined with K-means clustering to determine indicator weights. Based on this index system, the paper evaluates the ESG performance of 71 solid waste disposal companies (SWDCs) from 2013 to 2021 and identifies their ESG types from static and dynamic perspectives. In the static view, company types are determined based on annual ESG performance, while the dynamic view considers time-series changes to observe the evolution of company ESG types. The results show that the overall ESG performance of SWDCs falls within the 2-8-point range, indicating a noticeable high-low imbalance. Key initiatives to improve ESG performance in this industry include enhancing waste management measures, developing emergency plans, and reinforcing ESG disclosure. From a static perspective, this paper can identify companies into three categories: delayed development, single-wheel-driven, and coordinated development. Finally, from a dynamic perspective considering the time factor, companies are further subdivided into five types: continual leading, growth catch-up, slow progress, fluctuating change, and retrogressive inertia. This study not only provides targeted recommendations for different types of ESG companies but also helps various sectors of society better understand the ESG conditions of this high environmental risk industry, thereby enhancing the regulation and support for its sustainable development.

Anaerobic digestion or composting? Small-scale plants design and holistic evaluations in a Sub-Saharan African context

In small developing settings, is it worth building anaerobic digestion (AD) or composting plants? This study explores the economic, management, and environmental dimensions of two small-scale alternatives for organic fraction municipal solid waste (OFMSW) treatment within the context of Lacor Hospital (Uganda): aerated static pile composting (S1) and AD with digestate composting (S2), both designed to manage approximately 347.5 tOFMSW annually. In the optimistic scenario, S1 achieves a cost savings of about −2.9 USD tOFMSW−1, while S2 incurs costs of 2.1 USD tOFMSW−1. In the pessimistic scenario, S1's costs rise to 3.9 USD tOFMSW−1, while S2 becomes more expensive at 9.5 USD tOFMSW−1. Management analysis underlines S2's complexity due to AD operations and digestate drying. Total normalized environmental impacts of S1 can be quantified with about 0.125 mPt tOFMSW−1, whereas S2 is equal to about −6.163 mPt tOFMSW−1. However, in an optimistic scenario, climate change endpoint category results are similar. On balance, the LCA analysis indicates that AD can be better than standalone composting. However, in developing settings serving approximately 3000 inhabitants, it is crucial to prioritize economic and management sustainability that can be obtained only by small-scale composting plants. These findings provide definite insights for small-scale waste management projects in low-income regions, offering valuable data and references for plant design and their replicability. The study sets the ultimate definition of the most feasible option to treat OFMSW in low-income settings: community composting. Unfortunately, economic barriers remain the main challenge: citizens should pay for the service and landfill management fees should be set by local governments.

Application and mechanism of carbonate material in the treatment of heavy metal pollution: a review.

Among the many heavy metal pollution treatment agents, carbonate materials show strong flexibility and versatility by virtue of their high adsorption capacity for heavy metals and the characteristics of multiple and simple modification methods. It shows good potential for development. This review summarizes the application of carbonate materials in the treatment of heavy metal pollution according to the research of other scholars. It mainly relates to the application of surface-modified, activated, and nano-sized carbonate materials in the treatment of heavy metal pollution in water. Natural carbonate minerals and composite carbonate minerals solidify and stabilize heavy metals in soil. Solidification of heavy metals in hazardous waste solids is by MICP. There are four aspects of calcium carbonate oligomers curing heavy metals in fly ash from waste incineration. The mechanism of treating heavy metals by carbonate in different media was discussed. However, in the complex environment where multiple types of pollutants coexist, questions on how to maintain the efficient processing capacity of carbonate materials and how to use MICP to integrate heavy metal fixation and seepage prevention in solid waste base under complex and changeable natural environment deserve our further consideration. In addition, the use of carbonate materials for the purification of trace radioactive wastewater and the safe treatment of trace radioactive solid waste are also worthy of further exploration.

Advances in the Management of Solid Waste and Wastewater Treatment

The management of solid waste and wastewater treatment is an ever-pressing concern for countries around the world [...]

Analysis of Solid Waste Treatment Practices in Footwear Factories

In this research, the practices adopted in two footwear industries, located in the southern region of Brazil, Vale do Sinos, to treat solid waste were investigated. Scientific literature, either national or international, converges on the perception of relevance of the environmental impact generated in this production chain, both due to the total volume of shoes that are manufactured and sold annually, and in view of the difficulties related to the disposal of footwear, at the end of its useful life. From this perspective, this study is justified and aims to identify and analyze, in the light of the reviewed scientific literature, which deals with waste from the footwear industry, the practices adopted in the treatment of solid waste in that economic sector. In order to achieve the objective, a case study strategy was carried out in two companies, using a qualitative approach, with the collection of empirical data through semi-structured interviews with organizational managers, indicated by the management of the organizations, in addition to documentary survey and participant observation systematic. The results showed that the two companies, one large and the second small, have a clear perception of the need to adopt sustainable practices and have already made several adjustments to the organizational system to promote alignment with sustainability principles. However, the actions and initiatives adopted to date show that the two organizations are still at an early stage of sustainability, especially in the solid waste treatment process.

An Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of the Cemented Paste Backfill Made by Coal-Based Solid Wastes and Nanocomposite Fibers under Dry-Wet Cycling.

The mechanical properties and microstructure of the cemented paste backfill (CPB) in dry-wet cycle environments are particularly critical in backfill mining. In this study, coal gangue, fly ash, cement, glass fiber, and nano-SiO2 were used to prepare CPB, and dry-wet cycle tests on CPB specimens with different curing ages were conducted. The compressive, tensile, and shear strength of CPB specimens with different curing ages under different dry-wet cycles were analyzed, and the microstructural damage of the specimens was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that compared with the specimens without dry-wet cycles, the uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, and shear strength of the specimens with a curing age of 7 d after seven dry-wet cycles were the smallest, being reduced by 40.22%, 58.25%, and 66.8%, respectively. After seven dry-wet cycles, the compressive, tensile, and shear strength of the specimens with the curing age of 28 d decreased slightly. The SEM results show that with the increasing number of dry-wet cycles, the internal structure of the specimen becomes more and more loose and fragile, and the damage degree of the structural skeleton gradually increases, leading to the poor mechanical properties of CPB specimens. The number of cracks and pores on the specimen surface is relatively limited after a curing age of 28 d, while the occurrence of internal structural damage within the specimen remains insignificant. Therefore, the dry-wet cycle has an important influence on the both mechanical properties and microstructure of CPB. This study provides a reference for the treatment of coal-based solid waste and facilitates the understanding of the mechanical properties of backfill materials under dry-wet cycling conditions.

From simulation to reality: CFD-ML-driven structural optimization and experimental analysis of thermal plasma reactors

Thermal plasma reactors offer an environment of high temperature, enthalpy, and reactivity, making them highly efficient for solid waste treatment and promising for clean energy production from municipal and industrial waste. Optimal geometrical parameters of the reactor can enhance waste treatment and reactor performance. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of 11 key geometrical parameters of a thermal plasma reactor. Utilizing CFD Fluent software, numerical simulations were conducted to generate a dataset. Subsequently, a predictive model focusing on the average temperature in the core melt zone was trained using six Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. The Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm optimized the hyperparameters of the Gradient Booster Regression (GBR) model, which was combined with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to identify the reactor's optimal geometrical parameters. A DC arc plasma torch-solid waste thermal plasma reactor treatment system was established on this basis. The study also explored the effects of gasification coefficient, reaction temperature, and thermal plasma jet mode on system performance. Findings indicate that the PSO-GBR model achieved the highest prediction accuracy, with the temperature in the core reaction zone reaching 3621 K. The deviation between numerical simulations and machine learning predictions was a mere 1.3%. Enhancing syngas yield and energy efficiency is achievable by controlling reaction temperature and increasing the gasification coefficient. A laminar plasma jet mode, at equal power, provides a more effective reaction environment. The accuracy and reliability of the machine learning-driven regression model and optimization results are significant in guiding the optimal design of plasma reactors and advancing waste-to-energy conversion processes.

Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors for Bio-methane production from limed tannery fleshings: Lab and pilot scale reactors

The Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor is a viable high-rate anaerobic digestion design for the treatment of different wastewater with low to high solubility. This can also be used for the treatment of solid wastes with less HRT. In this study, the performance evaluation of a lab-scale UASB reactor was carried out for different hydraulic retention times of 24, 21, 18, 15 and 12 h for obtaining the best HRT for tannery fleshings. The gas production varied between 3.7 – 4.5 L with a methane content of 64.31 – 67.72%. It was observed that the maximum gas production was at 18 h HRT and this optimized condition was applied to the pilot-scale UASB reactor. The performance evaluation of the pilot-scale UASB reactor was carried out with an HRT of 18 h. The gas production of 450 ± 50 L, the maximum specific gas production of 0.274 m3/kg of VS destroyed and 0.239 m3/kg of TS destroyed was obtained and the maximum biogas productivity of 0.495 L was observed at 18 h HRT with the highest methane content of 67.86%. The payback period of the pilot scale reactor is 3.2 years.

Green disposal of waste smartphone protective film: Efficiency, mechanism, bench-scale test and secondary waste reutilization

The manufacture and obsolescence of smartphones produce numerous waste plastic accessories (e.g., waste smartphone protective film (WSPF)), possessing immense potential for recycling. However, available recycling technologies have limitations such as substrate damage and secondary pollutant generation. The present study aimed to develop a green disposal method that not only recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from WSPF, but also reused the stripped polyacrylate (PAA) adhesive as an adsorbent to reduce solid waste generation. When the WSPF was treated in 1 mol/L NaOH solution at 90 °C, the PAA hydrolyzed to two main by-products of 1-butanol and 2-ethylhexanol, weakening the binding strength between PAA and PET and then efficient separation of them. Further bench-scale test revealed that over 97.2% of detachment efficiency toward PAA was achieved during continuous treatment of 17 batches of WSPF (200 g for each) without supplement of NaOH and generation of wastewater. Meanwhile, the economic evaluation indicated that the recycling method would generate a net profit margin of 647% for the second year without considering the incurrence of new cost and input. Additionally, the pyrolysis of waste PAA enabled its conversion into potential adsorbent, which showed 2 to 4 times enhanced adsorption capacity toward styrene and ethyl acetate after modification with NaOH solution. This study provides a green method for recycling waste plastics and inspires a referable solution for solid waste treatment in the smartphone industry.

Exploring alkaline serine protease production and characterization in proteolytic bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: Insights from real-time PCR and fermentation techniques

This study focuses on identifying a potent microbe for efficient alkaline protease production, characterizing its properties, and investigating protease gene expression across diverse culture conditions. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain GEBN5 is methodically chosen and refined for peak alkaline protease production at 36 h (75.37 U/mL) in basal media employing precise adjustments in temperature, pH, incubation time, and carbon/nitrogen sources, achieving a noteworthy maximum protease activity of 97.03 U/mL in shake flask culture. Alkaline protease gene (StmPr1) up-regulation was explored via Real-time PCR under varied culture conditions (pH, temperature, carbon, and nitrogen sources) in a 2L fermenter at 150 rpm, resulting in peak protease production of 113 ± 0.53 U/mL in batch culture at pH 9.0, 35 °C, with sucrose and casein, respectively. The characterization data demonstrates exceptional stability of the current protease across a broad pH (9.0–11.0) and optimum temperature of 35 °C, highlighting its promising applications in diverse industrial and biotechnological settings. A higher instability complex of protein 28.59 was revealed by in silico analysis, indicating prolonged stability during hydrolysis and a wide range of potential uses. The purified protease demonstrates superior compatibility (45%–88% residual activity) with diverse detergent brands treated for 45 min at 40 °C, indicating its potential as a valuable additive for enhanced washing efficacy. Current research offers a novel strategy to boost protease production, presenting a promising alternative to chemical dehairing in leather industries and solid organic waste treatment. This approach holds the potential for mitigating environmental pollution through bioremediation.

Evaluation of factors influencing the quality of life of residents living close to Northwest Solid Waste Treatment Complex Cu Chi districts, Ho Chi Minh City

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) grapples with a significant surge in waste generation, a consequence of urban expansion and development. The escalating waste poses a threat to the well-being of residents, particularly those in proximity to waste treatment facilities. This study delves into the impact of the Northwest Solid Waste Treatment Complex (NSWTC), a key waste treatment facility in HCMC, on residents residing in its immediate vicinity. The assessment encompasses 120 subjects living within a semi-permanent radius of 5 km from NSWTC. The residents’ Quality of Life (QoL) is quantitatively evaluated using the WHO QoL assessment scale (WHOQOL-BREF), comprising 26 survey questions categorized into four domains: living environment, physical health, psychological well-being, and socio-economic conditions. The identification of these domains is facilitated through bivariate and multivariate logistic analyses. Utilizing SPSS 20.0 software for data analysis, the findings reveal that a noteworthy 76.7% of subjects exhibit a subpar QoL. The overall QoL score, averaging 49.08 ± 18.82, falls considerably below acceptable standards, attributing this decline to environmental factors such as odours, dust, falling waste, water quality, and socio-economic conditions.

Identification of the effect of electric pulse discharges on the recycling of household glass

The work was devoted to the study of the recycling of household glass waste by the electric pulse method. Cullet and glass containers were considered as the object of research. Cullet and used glass containers are considered suitable for recycling among solid household waste. The treatment of solid household waste was carried out with the formation of electrical discharges in an inhomogeneous environment (glass fragments and glass products in an aqueous environment). The experiments were carried out at different values of pulse discharge voltage (from 12 kV to 37 kV), capacitor bank capacity (from 0.4 to 1.2 µF), number of pulse discharges (from 250 to 1,000) and frequency (from 0.3 Hz to 2 Hz). The dependence of the output of the finished product on the parameters of electric pulse discharges has been revealed from the research results. According to the main results of the research work, it was found that as the parameters of electric pulse discharges increase, the yield of the finished product increases. The data made it possible to assign effective parameters for processing cullet and glass products using the electric pulse method. The granulometric composition of the powder material obtained by this method has been determined. A product with a diameter of the largest fraction of 5-8 mm and a diameter of a small fraction of 0.4 mm and 0.7 mm was obtained. The results of the experiment can be used in research on saving natural resources, energy conservation and solving environmental problems of solid waste recycling. Powdered glass is used as a thermal insulator and decorative material in construction. In addition, crushed glass is used in the production of concrete as an additional raw material.

Utilization of carbonated alkaline solid wastes in ordinary Portland cement-metakaolin-limestone ternary mixture: Underlying the role of low grade-sustainable calcium carbonate sources

Alkaline solid wastes are widely generated as by-products annually from construction demolition, steel making, and metal refining industries. Consequently, there is high pressure on their disposal and environmental protection. Carbonation treatment of alkaline solid wastes provides a potential way to valorize CO2 and produce low-grade artificial limestone particles. This study investigates the utilization of carbonated alkaline wastes, including recycled cement fines, steel slag, iron recycled steel slag, and magnesium slag in green ternary cement (limestone-metakaolin-cement system) production. The detailed characterization of carbonated alkaline solid wastes and the performance of metakaolin-cement based ternary systems were evaluated. The reaction mechanism of carbonated alkaline wastes in metakaokin-cement based binder is proposed. The results indicated carbonated alkaline solid waste powder containing relatively low calcite (14.4%–50.38%) and negative surface charges. In addition, the amount of reactive Si at Q3 and Q4 were observed. The precipitated calcite on the surface of particles resulted in the deterioration of the workability of ternary mixtures compared to natural limestone. However, the equivalent amount of CO3-AFm phases produced by precipitated calcium carbonate and additional hydrates from the reaction of amorphous silica in carbonated alkaline solid wastes contributed to a comparable mechanical performance (49.5 MPa–50.82 MPa) and compact microstructure of ternary binders. Carbonated alkaline solid wastes can be a sustainable component to replace natural limestone in green ternary cement production.

An assessment of the consumption and disposal of medications home use

In the current scenario, the market society, an economic model consolidated in many parts of the world, faces some social and environmental challenges, such as the solid waste disposal and treatment of different residues generated daily, especially in big cities. In Brazil, 4,540 municipalities provided medical waste collection services, and more than a third (36.2%) sent the MS to landfills, dumps, and septic ditches. This issue faced by municipalities is challenging as they try to promote less damaging management that impacts the environment due to urban demography and fragile socio-environmental conditions. Action as reverse logistics is a strategy that enables the return of after-sales and post-consumption waste to the business environment and the productive sector, promoting the circular economy, the recovery of waste, the life cycle of products, decrease in the use of materials, reduction of environmental impacts, compliance with current regulations and non-contamination of the environment. The assessment of unusual medications and population knowledge allows drawing an overview of the disposal of uncommon medications for home use by an electronic questionnaire addressing different questions, referring to the identification of the user's profile, various forms of consumption, storage, and disposal of medication waste, and knowledge about the local regulation. Most medications consumed by the population are antibiotics, analgesics, fever reducers, and pain relief without medical recommendations, not used to seeing the expiration date, and not reading the drug leaflet. The assessment population could only pay a little for the additional tax for final medication waste disposal. Most of the participants disposed of the unusual medications in the household garbage. Finally, the reverse logistics implementation of medication waste in Brazil will be a significant challenge for decreasing the environmental impacts and pollution because of the culture of the local population.

Prediction and Feed-In Tariffs of Municipal Solid Waste Generation in Beijing: Based on a GRA-BiLSTM Model

To cope with the increasing energy demand of people and solve the problem of a “Garbage Siege”, most cities have begun to adopt waste power generation (WTE). Compared to other WTE technologies, incineration has proven to be the most efficient technology for municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment. Therefore, to further explore the economic feasibility of MSW incineration plant construction, this study established a multi-factor prediction of MSW generation based on the GRA-BiLSTM model. By fully considering the relationship between the change in feed-in tariff (FIT) and the building of an incineration plant in Beijing, the economic feasibility of building an incineration plant is discussed based on the three scenarios set. The experimental results showed that (1) the combined model based on the GRA-BiLSTM showed good applicability for predicting MSW generation in Beijing, with MAE, MAPE, RMSE, and R2 values of 12.47, 5.97%, 18.5580, and 0.8950, respectively. (2) Based on the three scenarios set, the incineration power generation of Beijing MSW will show varying degrees of growth in 2022–2035. In order to meet future development, Beijing needs to build seven new incinerators, and the incineration rate should reach 100%. (3) According to setting different feed-in tariffs, based on the economic feasibility analysis, it is found that the feed-in tariff of MSW incineration for power generation in Beijing should be no less than $0.522/kWh. The government should encourage the construction of incineration plants and give policy support to enterprises that build incineration plants.