Solid Reaction Research Articles

Physics-Based Continuum Modeling for an Aqueous Rechargeable Zn/MnO2 Battery

Abstract This study introduces a framework for modeling the aqueous Zn/MnO2 rechargeable battery. A reaction system and a physics-based continuum model are proposed based on two reaction types, one involving insertion and the second related to dissolution and deposition of a solid reaction product. The model, fitted to empirical data, predicts voltage behavior and capacity limitations during cycling, identifying electrolytic zinc depletion as a limiting mechanism, depending on the original cell construction. The research suggests needs for further material characterization and reaction analysis, which will advance our understanding and facilitate the development of grid-scale energy storage solutions.

In-situ texturing hollow carbon host anchored with Fe single atoms accelerating solid-phase redox for Li-Se batteries

Se-based cathodes have caught tremendous attention owing to their comparable volumetric capacity and better electronic conductivity to S cathodes. However, its low utilization ratio and sluggish redox kinetics due to the high reaction barrier of solid-phase transformation from Se to Li2Se limit its practical application. Herein, an in-situ texturing hollow carbon host by gas–solid interface reaction anchored with Fe single-atomic catalyst is designed and prepared for advanced Li-Se batteries. This Se host presents high pore volume of 1.49 cm3 g−1, Fe single atom content of 1.53 wt%, and its specific structure protects single-atomic catalyst from the destructive reaction environment, thus balancing catalytic activity and durability. After Se loading by reduction of H2SeO3, this homogenous Se-based cathode delivers a superior rate capacity of 431.3 mA h g−1 at 4C, and great discharge capacity of 301.8 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 10C, with high Li-ion diffusion coefficient and capacitance-contributed ratio. The distribution of relaxation times analysis verifies solid-phase transformation mechanism of this cathode and density functional theory calculations confirm the adsorption and bidirectionally catalysis effect of Fe single-atomic catalyst. This work provides a new strategy to prepare high-efficient Se cathode associated with non-noble metal single atoms for high-performance Li-Se batteries.

Effective H2O2 Photosynthesis in Gas–Liquid–Solid Triphase System with Self‐Floating Conjugated Organic Polymers

AbstractSolar‐driven photocatalytic oxygen reduction is a promising pathway for sustainable hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. However, limited O2 diffusion and low selectivity in the two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction hinder its practical application. Here, a novel conjugated organic polymer material (conjugated triazine‐thiophene polymer, CTTP) based on triazine and thiophene, integrating a favorable mass transfer structure with competent catalytic centers is presented for the first time. Remarkably, under the gas–liquid–solid triphase condition, the self‐floating CTTP can rapidly capture gaseous oxygen, reducing it to superoxide radicals and transferring them to the reaction interface, drastically enhancing H2O2 yield. An excellent H2O2 concentration of 1.85 mm g−1 h−1 is achieved in a triphase system, representing a remarkable 14‐fold improvement compared to the liquid and solid phase reaction. Interestingly, the triphase system based on CTTP demonstrates the potential for large‐scale H2O2 production under 8 h of sunlight irradiation, reaching 293 ppm day−1 m−2. This work opens up a new avenue for the construction of sustainable H2O2 production systems and may stimulate future related research.

Controllable Synthesis of Porous and Hollow Nanostructured Catalyst Particles and Their Soot Oxidation.

The introduction of macroporous structures into three-way catalysts (TWCs) through polymer template-assisted spray drying has attracted attention because of its enhanced gas diffusion and catalytic performance. However, the surface charge effect of polymeric template components has not been investigated to control the structure of the TWC particles during synthesis. Thus, this study investigated the effect of template surface charges on the self-assembly behavior of TWC nanoparticles (NPs) during drying. The self-assembly of TWC NPs and polymer particles with different charges produced a hollow structure, whereas using the same charges generated a porous one. Consequently, the mechanism of particle self-assembly during drying and final structure particle formation is proposed in this study. Here, porous TWC particles demonstrated a faster oxidation of soot particles than that of hollow-structured particles. This occurred as a result of the larger contact area between the catalyst surface and the solid reactant. Our findings propose a fundamental self-assembly mechanism for the formation of different TWC structures, thereby enhancing soot oxidation performance using macroporous structures.

Fabrication of nickel-cobalt sulfide heterostructures with stable thermodynamic interfaces and enhanced electrochemical performance

Transition metal sulfides (TMS) with multicomponent heterostructure have been widely used as electrodes in electrochemical energy storage devices due to their abundant electroactive sites and fast charge transfer across the interfaces. Different kinds of heterostructures with specific TMS are fabricated by various routes to date, but it is still poorly understood how specific thermodynamic interfaces can be designed and easily coupled. Herein, the spinel and cobalt-pentlandite crystal phases of nickel–cobalt sulfides were chosen as models to demonstrate the formation of epitaxial heterointerface. The density functional theory calculations revealed the easy combination and high compatibility of these two crystal phases at the (111) plane. Along this guideline, a novel NiCo2S4/[Ni, Co]9S8 heterostructure was synthesized by a facile one-step hydrothermal strategy, with nanosheet-like shapes and well-defined heterointerfaces along the [111] crystal direction. The formation mechanism of the epitaxial heterointerface was proposed through the combination of solid and liquid phase reaction fields. As a proof-of-concept application, the obtained NiCo2S4/[Ni, Co]9S8 heterostructure as redox electrode for supercapacitor exhibits an enhanced specific capacitance of 1780F g−1 at 1 A/g and high capacitance retention of 70 % at 20 A/g. Moreover, the assembled aqueous hybrid supercapacitor of NiCo2S4/[Ni, Co]9S8//activated carbon delivers a high energy density of 62.8 Wh kg−1 at 0.4 kW kg−1 and excellent electrochemical stability after 3000 cycles. This work provides a new perspective on the epitaxial design of nickel–cobalt sulfide heterostructure with good lattice match as a promising electrode in energy storage devices.

Coupling amorphous WO3 with WP as a cocatalyst for efficient dye-sensitizated photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Tungsten phosphide (WP) as an excellent hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) catalyst has attracted widespread attention, but its HER activity is low in alkaline media due to high water dissociation barrier. Herein, noble-metal-free cocatalyst WP/WO3 composite was synthesized by adjusting the P/W molar ratio in the raw material using a simple solid phosphidation reaction. The structure, morphology, composition, and optoelectronic properties of the as-synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, UV–vis DRS, PL techniques, and electrochemical methods. Under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm), the photocatalytic HER activities of the as-prepared samples using Eosin-Y (EY) dye as a sensitizer and trimethylamine (TMA) as an electron donor were investigated. The result shows that WP/WO3 composite as a cocatalyst exhibits excellent photocatalytic HER activity and good stability. The highest apparent quantum yield (AQY) reaches 32.8 %. The presence of amorphous WO3 in crystalline WP can improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes, reduce HER overpotential, and promote the dissociation of H2O in alkaline media. Therefore, the photocatalytic HER activity of WP/WO3 composite is higher than that of single crystalline WP.

Enhancing strength–ductility synergy of AlNp/Al composite by regulating heterostructure of matrix grain and particle distribution

Three heterostructured AlNp/Al composites with different microstructure configurations were fabricated by liquid–solid reaction combined with subsequent thermal-mechanical treatment to obtain a superior strength and ductility combination. The effects of the microstructure configuration including the AlN particle distribution and matrix grain structure on the tensile strength and ductility were studied in detail. The results show that the simultaneous enhancement of tensile strength and ductility can be achieved. The Uniformed-AlNp/Al composite with relatively dispersed particles exhibits a superior ultimate tensile strength of ~387 MPa with an elongation to failure of ~9.1%. It shows an outstanding specific tensile strength and elongation combination compared with other reported particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites. Furthermore, the hetero-deformation induced (HDI) stress has been calculated and is shown to increase significantly in the Uniformed-AlNp/Al composite. It is revealed that the HDI stress plays a crucial role in the significant enhancement of strength and ductility for the AlNp/Al composite.

Efficient Rhodamine B removal by photocatalysis using polyacrylonitrile/Ag2S nanofibers prepared by combining electrospinning technology and facile gas–solid reaction

AbstractPAN/Ag2S nanofibers prepared by combining conventional electrospinning technology and facile gas–solid reaction were used to activate peroxymonosulfate for Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation by photocatalysis using visible light. The material properties were analyzed by UV–Vis–NIR, XRD, SEM, FTIR, EIS, and BET techniques. The results indicated that Ag2S nanoparticles with a size of ≈10–20 nm were homogeneously attached to the nanofiber surface. The PAN/Ag2S can remove 96.98% RhB (5 mg L−1) after 120 min at pH 7. Through the identification of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) and the calculation of band gap and band potentials, the photocatalytic mechanism was proposed. Results from the identification of ROSs demonstrate that the contribution of the ROSs was in the order of h+ > 1O2 ≈ O2•− ≈ SO4•− > HO• in which h+ has an important role in RhB degradation. The as‐prepared PAN/Ag2S nanofibers with high photocatalytic activity, effective working under visible light, high flexibility, and easy recovery from the aqueous phase, have the potential for practical applications in wastewater treatment.

COMPARATIVE THERMAL KINETIC ANALYSIS OF NICKEL HYDROXIDE NANOPARTICLES THROUGH CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION AND SOL–GEL ROUTES

In most of the chemical methods, the as-prepared NPs have a metal hydroxide form. The calcination temperature is very important to prepare the metal oxide from metal hydroxide. Thus, in this work, the chemical precipitation and sol–gel routes were employed to produce the Nickel hydroxide nanoparticles and analyze their functional, structural, thermal, and morphological behavior of prepared NPs. The formation of Ni(OH)2 is confirmed by FTIR analysis including both techniques. Rietveld refinement techniques were used to diffraction patterns by the program FullProf. The well-matched XRD patterns reveal that prepared NPs have [Formula: see text]-Ni(OH)2 phase and hexagonal structure (HCP) with a space group of P3m1 for both the methods. The kinetic factors were calculated using different models. The Phadnis–Deshpande model is employed to identify the mechanism of solid state kinetic reaction. Solid state kinetic model observes nucleation and nuclei growth (Avrami–Erofeev nuclei growth) and 2D diffusion mechanism for chemical precipitation and sol–gel, respectively. From the FESEM analysis, flower-shaped architectures and nanosheet morphology are presented in the prepared sample by chemical precipitation and sol–gel, respectively. From the kinetic parameters, we conclude that the decomposition of Ni(OH)2 to NiO is thermally stable, has slow reaction and spontaneous process at 300∘C. The results show that the chemical precipitation method is more suitable for energy storage application compare to the Sol–gel method.

Growth of CuS nanowire on copper mesh for efficient solar-driven water evaporation and wastewater purification

This study proposed a multifunctional material, CuS nanowire, grown on a copper mesh (CM), for application in wastewater purification. CuS/CM could rapidly evaporate and collect water under solar irradiation. CuS nanowires were successfully synthesized on CM through a liquid–solid reaction at room temperature, followed by sulfidation. Water evaporation experiments conducted using meshes suspended in water to determine the most efficient configuration revealed that CuS/CM was the most efficient material. Owing to the localized surface plasmon resonance induced by oxygen vacancies, CuS/CM exhibited a high water evaporation rate (4.0523 kg·m-2h−1 @ 3 sun) and energy conversion efficiency (96.1 %) in Structure A with a vertical length of 4 cm under 3 sun irradiation. To evaluate its effectiveness in wastewater treatment, CuS/CM was used to evaporate and collect methylene blue (MB)-contaminated water at rates of 1.5747 and 0.8624 kg·m-2h−1. Furthermore, CuS/CM demonstrated photocatalytic activity during MB degradation. Under xenon lamp illumination for 6 h, CuS/CM exhibited a 73 % degradation efficiency for MB, indicating its photocatalytic properties. CuS/CM effectively purify dyeing wastewater due to their fast water evaporation rate and the photocatalytic capability of CuS, making them promising for wastewater treatment and desalination applications.

Defect engineering enables an advanced separator modification for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

High-energy–density lithium-sulfur batteries have been rated as a promising, yet challenging, next-generation battery technology. Typically, the serious shuttle of polysulfide intermediates and sluggish solid–solid reaction kinetics often result in irreversibly sulfur loss, low Coulombic efficiency, and limited lifespan. Herein, we propose a facile and efficient separator modification strategy using a rationally designed sulfiphilic and lithiophilic mediator, i.e. in-situ confinement growth of oxygen-deficient TiO2-x nanoparticles within nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon matrix to modulate the sulfur electrochemistry. The nanoscale defective catalyst within open mesoporous host affords favorable adsorption of polysulfides and catalytic conversion ability. Moreover, the versatile composite improves the electrolyte wettability and Li+ transfer kinetics and alleviates self-discharge behavior. Resultantly, the Li-S batteries using modified separator achieves significantly improved cycling stability with a low capacity decay of only 0.067% per cycle after 500 cycles at 2C. The defect engineering together with separator modification strategies enable efficient and durable Li-S batteries.

Insight into the Structure and Redox Chemistry of [Carbonatotetraamminecobalt(III)] Permanganate and Its Monohydrate as Co-Mn-Oxide Catalyst Precursors of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

[Carbonatotetraamminecobalt(III)] permanganate monohydrate was synthesized first in the metathesis reaction of [Co(NH3)4CO3]NO3 and NaMnO4 in aqueous solution. Its thermal dehydration at 100 °C resulted in phase-pure [Co(NH3)4CO3]MnO4 (compound 1). Compounds 1 and 2 (i.e., the hydrated form) were studied with IR, far-IR, and low-temperature Raman spectroscopies, and their vibrational modes were assigned. The lattice parameters were determined by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) methods for the triclinic and orthorhombic compounds 1 and 2, respectively. The detailed structure of compound 2 was determined, and the role of hydrogen bonds in the structural motifs was clarified. UV studies on compounds 1 and 2 showed the distortion of the octahedral geometry of the complex cation during dehydration because of the partial loss of the hydrogen bonds between the crystal water and the ligands of the complex cation. The thermal decomposition consists of a solid phase quasi-intramolecular redox reaction between the ammonia ligands and permanganate anions with the formation of ammonia oxidation products (H2O, NO, N2O, and CO2). The solid phase reaction product is amorphous cobalt manganese oxide containing ammonium, carbonate (and nitrate) anions. The temperature-controlled thermal decomposition of compound 2 in toluene at 110 °C showed that one of the decomposition intermediates is ammonium nitrate. The decomposition intermediates are transformed into Co1.5Mn1.5O4 spinel with MnCo2O4 structure upon further heating. Solid compound 2 gave the spinel at 500 °C both in an inert and air atmosphere, whereas the sample pre-treated in toluene at 110 °C without and with the removal of ammonium nitrate by aqueous washing, gave the spinel already at 300 and 400 °C, respectively. The molten NH4NO3 is a medium to start spinel crystallization, but its decomposition stops further crystal growth of the spinel phase. By this procedure, the particle size of the spinel product as low as ~4.0 nm could be achieved for the treatments at 300 and 400 °C, and it increased only to 5.7 nm at 500 °C. The nano-sized mixed cobalt manganese oxides are potential candidates as Fischer-Tropsch catalysts.

Structural and Photoluminescence Characteristics of a Novel Single‐Phase White‐Emitting Phosphor SrBi2Nb2O9:Dy3+

A group of white light‐emitting phosphors SrBi2Nb2O9:xDy3+ (SBN:xDy3+) are prepared by high‐temperature solid reaction. The crystal phase, morphology, and photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of the prepared SBN:xDy3+ are analyzed. The X‐ray diffraction results prove that the synthesized samples are pure phase, in which the shift of the main peak depicted that crystal interplanar distance decreases after Dy3+ replacing Bi3+. The scanning electron microscope results show that the average crystal size of the sample is ≈1–10 μm. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy shows that the ratio of element composition of the SBN:xDy3+ is similar to the theoretical calculation. The PL excitation illustrates the excitation peaks mainly exist at 389, 399, 426, and 450 nm due to the transitions of Dy3+. For PL, the emission peaks of samples with different doping concentrations are centered at 479 and 573 nm. The ratio of yellow intensity to blue intensity indicates that Dy3+ is located at a high symmetry site, which has the possibility to produce suitable white light. The Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage coordinates of the SBN:xDy3+ are located near the standard white light coordinate. All these results prove that SrBi2Nb2O9:xDy3+ can be a potential material in the white light application.

Efficient and Homogenous Precipitation of Sulfur Within a 3D Electrospun Heterocatalytic Rutile/Anatase TiO2-x Framework in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries can potentially outperform state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries, but their further development is hindered by challenges, such as poor electrical conductivity of sulfur and lithium sulfide, shuttle phenomena of lithium polysulfides, and uneven distribution of solid reaction products. Herein, free-standing carbon nanofibers embedded with oxygen-deficient titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-x/CNFs) has been fabricated by a facile electrospinning method, which can support active electrode materials without the need for conductive carbon and binders. By carefully controlling the calcination temperature, a mixed phase of rutile and anatase was achieved in the TiO2-x nanoparticles. The hybridization of anatase/rutile TiO2-x and the oxygen vacancy in TiO2-x play a crucial role in enhancing the conversion kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), mitigating the shuttle effect of LiPSs, and enhancing the overall efficiency of the Li–S battery system. Additionally, the free-standing TiO2-x/CNFs facilitate uniform deposition of reaction products during cycling, as confirmed by synchrotron X-ray imaging. As a result of these advantageous features, the TiO2-x/CNFs-based cathode demonstrates an initial specific discharge capacity of 787.4 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C in the Li–S coin cells, and a final specific discharge capacity of 584.0 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles. Furthermore, soft-packaged Li–S pouch cells were constructed using the TiO2-x/CNFs-based cathode, exhibiting excellent mechanical properties at different bending states. This study presents an innovative approach to developing free-standing sulfur host materials that are well suited for flexible Li–S batteries as well as for various other energy applications. Graphical Abstract

Endothermic and exothermic chemical reactions’ influences on a nanofluid flow across a permeable microchannel with a porous medium

The compact dimensions and large surface area-to-volume ratio characteristic of microchannel geometries can efficiently utilise endothermic and exothermic chemical reactions to enhance heat transfer, control temperature, adjust reactivity, intensify processes and develop innovative thermal management techniques. Becasue of this, the exothermic and endothermic chemical reaction mechanism is explored by considering the titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with water (H2O) as the base fluid. An incompressible Newtonian fluid flows through the porous microchannel. The pressure gradient factor assumes the flow in the microchannel. Energy and solutal transportation analyses are made with Robin’s boundary conditions and activated energy phenomena. Similar variables are introduced to convert the model into non-dimensional. A numerical scheme, namely the Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg 45th (RKF-45) scheme, is implemented to execute solutions. The results explore that thermal distribution decreases for elevated activation energy values and Biot number values in the exothermic case while enhanced in the endothermic case. The rate of thermal distribution declines with the addition of solid fractions and chemical reaction parameters in the endothermic case; the opposite trend is observed in the exothermic case.

A Lower Working Potential and Real-Time H2S Sensor Based on Nano-CuFe2O4 and Lotus Leaf Derived Carbon Material Composite

The CuFe2O4 nanoparticles and the biomass carbon material (Bcn) were respectively synthesized by solid phase reaction method and pyrolysis method. Based on the good electrocatalytic performance of the composite of CuFe2O4 and Bcn for the oxidation of H2S, a sensor for continuous determination of H2S in real-time at lower working potential was constructed. The sensor can response to H2S in the concentration range of 5.0 nM–10.0 μM with high sensitivity, and it has good retention rate to H2S in simulated wound fluid. The use of the composite materials can avoid the deposition of sulfur as a by-product on the electrode surface, as well as avoid the interference of electroactive substances in the biological environment because the working potential of −0.2 V is lower than that used in other H2S sensors.

Microstructure characterization of a novel nanostructured zirconia-alumina coating prepared by plasma spraying YSZ-Al reactive system

A YSZ-Al reactive system was used as raw materials for the fabrication of a novel YSZ-Al2O3 composite coating by plasma spraying. Thermite reaction was triggered in the plasma jet and phases like alumina and Zr–Al intermetallics were in-situ formed in the reaction zone. Solid solution reaction occurred in the rapid solidification of the homogeneously mixed Y–Al–Zr–O superheated melt and high solubility of Al3+ was also observed in the supersaturated solid solution. Phase transitions from the reactive precursor to the coating composition and the microstructure formation of the coating lamellae were revealed by extensive characterizations including XRD, XPS, Raman, SEM, EDS, and EPMA. Good compatibility within the coating compositions and compact interlamellar bonding were obtained in the as-prepared YSZ-Al2O3 composite coating. The coating's surface and cross-section Vickers hardness values were 7.48 GPa and 10.40 GPa, respectively. Additionally, the micro-zone hardness value of the eutectic area could reach 19.43 GPa.

Experimental studies on noncentrosymmetric Nd3Se4: Strongly correlated noncollinear ferromagnet

We have synthesized polycrystalline Nd3Se4 by the solid state sealed tube reaction route followed by structural characterization and magnetic property measurements. The temperature-dependent magnetization studies reveal the existence of competing magnetic interactions below the ferromagnetic ordering (TC ≈ 48.4 K). The observation of hysteresis in the isothermal magnetization M(H) data with the coercive field of ≈ 0.25 T at 2 K indicates dominant ferromagnetic interactions in the applied field. The nonsaturating behavior of M(H) data at higher applied field and kinks in corresponding dM/dHvs. H plots suggest the coexistence of multiple magnetic interactions at low temperatures. Using the M(T,H=2 T) data, the Rhodes-Wohlfarth ratio (qc/qs) has been estimated to be ≈ 3.6, which supports the itinerant magnetism in Nd3Se4. These competing interactions have been further investigated by AC-susceptibility measurements at various excitation frequencies. The χ′ reduces drastically with an increase in the applied DC field, as observed from isothermal field-dependent AC-χ studies. Additionally, the strong correlation between delocalized charge and localized magnetic moments is evident from ρ(T) measurements at H = 0 and 5 T. The ρ(T,H=0 T) data shows a clear drop having quadratic temperature dependence, below TC. Furthermore, the inter-dependence between electrical transport and magnetism has been established firmly through negative magnetoresistance, in which the maxima correspond to the coercive field obtained from M(H) data.

Na4Fe1.5Mn1.5(PO4)2(P2O7): A low-cost and earth-abundant cathode for robust sodium storage

The mixed compounds of phosphates and pyrophosphates are attractive cathodes for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to their robust open framework structure and superior diffusion dynamics. However, most reported mixed phosphate cathodes generally suffer from low operating potential. Herein, we develop a bimetallic Na4Fe1.5Mn1.5(PO4)2(P2O7)/C-rGO (NFMPP/C-rGO) cathode, which possesses two working plateaus at 2.92 and 3.95 V. The obtained NFMPP/C-rGO demonstrates a stable high capacity of over 120 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. In-situ XRD characterization discloses a solid solution reaction for the Fe2+/3+ redox couple and a two-phase reaction for the Mn2+/3+ redox couple. First-principles calculations reveal the migration of Na+ in NFMPP has low barriers. This work provides a new, low-cost, earth-abundant, and stable cathode choice for practical SIBs.

Catalytic Solid‐State Sulfur Conversion Confined in Micropores toward Superhigh Coulombic Efficiency Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

AbstractAchieving the solid–solid conversion of sulfur is a fundamental solution to eliminating the shuttling of soluble polysulfides and improving the cycling stability of lithium‐sulfur batteries. However, the sluggish solid reaction kinetics seriously challenge the battery performance. In this work, a micropore‐confined catalysis strategy to achieve the smooth solid–solid conversion of sulfur is proposed. It is realized by storing sulfur in a microporous carbon host with narrow pore size and uniformly distributed single‐atom Co catalytic sites. The microporous structure avoids the contact of electrolyte solvents with the inner sulfur, preventing the formation and dissolution of polysulfides and efficiently suppressing sulfur loss during cycling. The introduced single‐atom Co catalytic sites promote the charge transfer to accelerate the solid–solid conversion of sulfur. When coupled with a liquid carbonate electrolyte, the battery exhibits a remarkably high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of ≈99.88% and a minimal capacity decay rate of ≈0.016% per cycle for 1000 cycles at 0.5 C. Even when coupled with the solid‐state electrolyte, the battery still delivers a significantly high capacity of 1100 mAh g−1 and a remarkably high CE of ≈99.83% over 200 cycles. This work reveals a promising solution for developing practical stable Li─S batteries.