Solid Particle Erosion Research Articles

Enhancing turbine blade durability: Evaluating protective ceramic coatings for Ti6Al4V alloy

Ti64 turbine blades face extreme conditions during solid particle erosion, accelerating the erosive and corrosive processes. Hard-coating materials such as DLC, AlTiN, TiSiN, AlCrN, and AlTiCN have been introduced through physical vapor deposition to enhance the turbine blade characteristics and increase the component lifespan. The results showed preferential orientations of (002) and (022) in coating crystallization with DLC exhibiting the highest compressive residual stress. DLC and AlTiCN coatings demonstrated fewer macroparticles and white spots, correlating with a lower coefficient of friction (COF) and surface roughness. The wear analysis revealed that DLC had the lowest COF and wear rate, followed by AlTiCN. Electrochemical tests indicated DLC's superior corrosion resistance of DLC. Although the properties of AlTiCN are comparable, DLC has emerged as the most promising coating material for achieving high erosion particle resistance in Ti64 turbine blades.

Numerical Prediction of Solid Particle Erosion in Jet Pumps Based on a Calibrated Model

Jet pumps are widely used in petrochemical processes, nuclear cooling, and wastewater treatment due to their simple structure, high reliability, and stable performance under extreme conditions. However, when transporting solid-laden two-phase flows, they face severe erosion problems, leading to reduced efficiency, malfunctions, or even failure. Therefore, optimizing jet pump performance and extending its service life is crucial. In this study, an experimental platform was established to conduct experiments on wall erosion in jet pumps. The CFD-DEM method was used to simulate the solid–liquid two-phase flow in the jet pump, comparing six erosion models for predicting erosion rates. The Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm was applied to calibrate model coefficients. The results indicate that the Neilson erosion model shows the best consistency with the experimental results. The inlet flow rate significantly influenced the erosion rates, while the flow rate ratio had a smaller effect. The particle concentration exhibited a nonlinear relationship with erosion, with diminishing impact beyond a certain threshold. As the factors varied, the erosion distribution tended to be uniform, but high erosion areas remained locally concentrated, indicating intensified localized erosion.

Sand Detection Using Acoustic Sand Monitors for Liquid-Dominated Multiphase Flow Production

Summary Solid particle erosion in the oil and natural gas industry can be damaging to pipe fittings and equipment, which can lead to maintenance or, in the worst case, a production shutdown. In both cases, this represents a huge economic loss for industry. Acoustic sand monitoring is one of the most widely used practices to provide an alarm and/or estimate the amount of sand entrained in the flow. In addition to being commercially available, they can be easily clamped to the outside of a pipe wall, measuring the acoustic energy generated by sand grain impacts on the inner side of a pipe wall. In this work, a broad range of multiphase operating conditions has been experimentally investigated with acoustic sand monitors in large-scale flow loop facilities to determine the effectiveness of sand monitoring in liquid-dominated multiphase flow. The main objective is to use acoustic sand monitors to determine the threshold sand rate (TSR). This is the minimum sand rate necessary to achieve monitor output higher than the background noise (BN) level. Acoustic monitors were placed upstream and downstream of standard (r/D = 1.5) elbows while varying superficial gas and liquid velocities, sand sizes (25 μm, 75 μm, 150 μm, 300 μm, and 600 μm), and pipe diameters (2 in. and 3 in.) in the vertical orientation. The experimental conditions were selected to cover slug-churn, dispersed-bubble flow, and liquid-sand flow conditions. These results are compared with the previously obtained test results on 50.8-mm (2-in.) internal diameter (ID) test loops. In the 50.8-mm (2-in.) loop, threshold limits were observed for dispersed-bubble flow regimes and liquid-sand as compared with gas-dominated flow conditions. While TSR is the highest in dispersed-bubble flow regimes, the present data were compared with previous results obtained for annular, slug, and stratified flow patterns (FPs) in vertical flow. It was observed that the annular flow regime has the lowest TSR values, showing an increase in TSR when the liquid rate increased. The results from this work can help operators understand how acoustic monitors can detect and distinguish sand impact noise from the background flow noise in liquid-dominated multiphase flow in production facilities. In this way, greater assurance is provided to operators for optimizing oil and gas production rates, especially in wells that tend to produce solids.

Modeling Stochastical Particle Rebound based on High Velocity Experiments

Abstract Solid particle erosion is a major deterioration process which contributes to performance deterioration of modern axial compressors. The prediction of this deterioration process requires the correct computation of particle movement through the machine and their resulting impacts on the effected components. Especially for particles with high Stokes numbers the movement is determined mainly by the particle wall interaction, which is described by coefficients of restitution. Today, they are derived from experiments featuring high particle velocities and target materials, which are representative for turbomachinery applications. In this study, an already published rebound model is optimized for particle materials and velocities within high pressure compressors. The statistical spread of the rebound experiment is evaluated and the implementation into the rebound model is shown, which improves the prediction capability of the model. The model is implemented into a CFD software and numerical simulations are performed. The model is applied to a cylinder test specimen within a sand blast facility. The simulation shows the importance of the stochastics of the rebound, which is often neglected in particle wall models. Moreover, the numerical study shows requirements for the test specimen and its positioning in the experimental setup, which are prerequisites for the derivation of the coefficients of restitution using two dimensional particle evaluation equipment.

Enhancing wind turbine blade protection: Solid particle erosion resistant ceramic oxides-reinforced epoxy coatings

Wind energy has been regarded as one of the renewable energy sources to rely on in the future. In this aspect, wind turbine blade maintenance is quite a challenge in tropical areas like India. One of the main reasons why wind turbine blades get damaged and produce less energy is solid particle erosion. In the present work, nanocomposite epoxy (EP) coatings reinforced with Al2O3, ZrO2, and CeO2 nanoparticle fillers have been applied on glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) substrates using a simple spray coating method. These nanoparticles have been prepared in-house by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) route using urea, glycine, and oxalyl dihydrazide fuels. X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy have been used to characterize the materials and coatings. EP coatings with different Al2O3, ZrO2, and CeO2 nanoparticle concentrations have been subjected to solid particle erosion resistance tests at impinging angles of 30°, 60° and 90°. ZrO2 and CeO2 nanoparticle-reinforced EP coatings show better resistance to solid particle erosion than Al2O3-reinforced coatings. Estimated average erosion rates are 17 and 11.3 × 10−3 mm3 g−1, respectively, for epoxy coatings with 20 and 40 wt% ZrO2 nanoparticles. However, GFRP substrate and neat EP coating show much higher erosion rates with respect to nanoparticles-reinforced EP coatings. To ascertain a correlation between H3/E2 and the solid particle erosion rates of the coatings, nanoindentation tests have been carried out. Tensile strength and initial modulus of all the coatings are found to be directly proportional to the average erosion rates, whereas, elongation at break shows an inverse relationship with the average erosion rate. This correlation of mechanical properties with solid particle erosion performance can play a critical role in the development of realistic simulation of protective coatings for wind turbine blades.

The effect of roughness and top layer in solid particle impingement erosion of multilayer nanostructured nitride PVD coatings

The effect of the surface roughness of the coating and the composition of the upper layer on the solid particle erosion of multilayer nanostructured coatings applied via cathodic arc evaporation (CAEPVD) method was investigated. CrN/TiN nanostructured multilayer coating (TiN as the upper layer) and TiN/CrN nanostructured multilayer coating (CrN as the upper layer) were applied on 410 stainless steel through the CAEPVD method with the following architecture. 1) a bottom layer of Cr and CrN deposited on the substrate, 2) nanolayers of TiN and CrN deposited on the bottom layer alternately and 3) an upper layer of CrN or TiN deposited on the nanolayers. After applying the coating, half of the samples were polished to obtain smooth surfaces, while the other half remained unpolished, resulting in rough surfaces. Surface morphology, phases identification, adhesion, mechanical, and erosion behavior of the coatings were characterized using SEM, XRD, Rockwell adhesion measurements, nanoindentation test, and solid particle impingement, respectively. The nano-scale indentation results demonstrated that the hardness, Young's modulus, H/E, and H3/E2 of the CrN/TiN coating were 5.57, 1.42, 3.86, and 85.39 times larger than those of the substrate. For the TiN/CrN coating, the values were 4.04, 1.13, 3.53 and 51.68 times greater than those of the substrate. The results of the erosion test showed that the erosion mass loss for the CrN/TiN and TiN/CrN coatings decreased up to 73% and 67%, respectively. Additionally, surface smoothing improved erosion resistance by 40% for both coatings. This shows that the smoothed CrN/TiN nanostructured multilayer coating is an excellent candidate for increasing the erosion resistance due to the higher ratios of H/E and H3/E2 and smoother surface.

Microstructure evolution and high-temperature erosion behaviors of laser cladded AlxCoCrFeNi2.1 HEA coatings

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are anticipated to be candidates for high-temperature applications. In this work, high-speed laser cladding has prepared AlxCoCrFeNi2.1 (1≤x≤1.4) HEA coatings with high Al content. The effects of Al content on the microstructure, microhardness, and high-temperature erosion behaviors have been systematically investigated. With the increase of Al content, the coating’s microstructure transforms from the dual-phase structure of FCC and BCC to a single-phase BCC structure. Correspondingly, the microhardness of HEA coating gradually increases at room temperature due to the increment of BCC proportion. The Al1.4 HEA coating, consisting of a single BCC phase, exhibits the highest resistance to solid-particle erosion at 600℃, while Al1.0 coating with FCC and BCC dual-phase structure takes the second place. Ploughing, fracture, and spalling occurred during the high-temperature erosion process of AlxCoCrFeNi2.1 HEA coatings. The synergistic interaction between the FCC and BCC phases in dual-phase coatings primarily influences erosion behaviors. However, oxidation resistance is critical to erosion resistance for single-phase BCC coatings.

Comparative evaluation of solid particle erosion resistance in milled carbon fiber‐reinforced basalt fiber epoxy composites: Impact of abrasive shape variations

AbstractThe solid particle erosive wear performance of basalt fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites with the incorporation of different percentages of milled carbon fiber fillers (0–10 wt%) is evaluated under various abrasive materials (garnet and ceramic beads) and impingement angles (30° and 90°). Erosion tests have been carried out following ASTM G76 standards using a factorial design method. The data indicate that the erosion rates, crater depths, and areas of craters are all strongly dependent on erodent material type and milled carbon fiber filler ratio. Compared to ceramic beads, garnet abrasives caused severe erosion, with erosion rates reaching approximately 500 mg/g at a 90° impingement angle without milled carbon fiber fillers. Erosion by both abrasives was significantly reduced by the introduction of milled carbon fiber fillers into the basalt fiber composites, with the erosion rate decreasing to around 100 mg/g with 3 wt% milled carbon fiber fillers. The maximum crater depth was also influenced; garnet abrasives produced craters as deep as 1000 μm without fillers at 90°, which was reduced to 451 μm with 3 wt% milled carbon fiber fillers when ceramic beads were used. Of the three factors for the erosion rate and crater depth, inorganic erodent material and ratio of carbon fiber filler were prominent, but the impingement angle effect was much smaller. Among the three factors for the erosion rate and crater depth, erodent material and carbon fiber filler ratio were prominent, while the impingement angle effect was significantly less.Highlights The garnet abrasives cause more severe erosion than ceramic beads at 90°. Composites exhibit optimal erosion resistance with 3–5 wt% milled carbon fiber fillers. Filler ratio and erodent material type significantly impact erosion rates and depths. Factors affecting wear performance identified using factorial design and ANOVA.

Erosion performance of direct-aged Al2O3-reinforced plasma-sprayed composite coatings at high-temperature conditions

The present investigation evaluates the influence of furnace heat-treatment (HT) on the microstructure, microhardness, fracture toughness and erosion resistance of three plasma sprayed composite coatings: a Inconel625–30 wt% micron-sized Al2O3 (In625-MHT) coating, a Inconel625–30 wt% nano-sized Al2O3 (In625-NHT) coating and a Inconel625–15 wt% micron-sized Al2O3 + 15 wt% nano-sized Al2O3 (In625-BHT/bimodal) coating. High temperature solid particle erosion tests were conducted at 900 °C temperature and with at two different impingement angles (90 and 30) in simulated environment using standard erosion-test rig. Coatings were subjected to detailed mechanical and microstructural analysis in order to better understand their erosion mechanism and structure–property correlation. By healing pores and cracks, the furnace HT increases the coatings’ erosion resistance in the order of In625-BHT, In625-NHT, and In625-MHTcoating. In addition, the mechanical properties of In625-BHT coating like porosity (1.0 ± 0.09%), micro-hardness (1299 ± 25Hv) and fracture toughness (5.9 MPa√m) are significantly improved after HT. The presence of grooves and lips on the surfaces of uncoated substrates provides clear evidence that the erosion mechanism involves the combined processes of micro-ploughing and micro-cutting indicating ductile erosion mode. However unimodal and bimodal composite coatings demonstrated a brittle erosion mode.

Controllable stress-adsorbed layers in Ti/TiN/TiAlN coatings: Mechanical performance and micropillar compression

Solid particle erosion often compromises the durability of turbine engine blades, particularly those used in offshore and desert environments. Surface protective coatings have emerged as a promising solution to significantly enhance the erosion resistance of compressor blades. In this study, TiAlN multilayer coatings were deposited onto Ti-6Al-4V substrates using a vacuum arc deposition technique. The article explored the strategic incorporation of TiN-Ti-TiN stress-adsorbed layers (SALs) within TiAlN-based coatings. It also investigated the microscale mechanisms leading to coating failure under conditions of micropillar compression. The findings revealed that the presence of metal/ceramic interfaces significantly improved the adhesion strength, crack resistance, erosion resistance and fracture toughness of the coatings. The multilayer deformation behavior of the coatings was primarily determined by the plastic flow of the softer metal layers. The SALs played a crucial role in reducing the elastic strain energy by generating nanotwins, coherent interfaces, and high-density dislocations during deformation, thereby improving the coatings' plastic deformation capability. Moreover, the implementation of dual-cycle SALs successfully reduced radial crack propagation, facilitating a transition from brittle fracture to a combined brittle-ductile fracture mechanism. This study highlights the critical role of metal/ceramic interfaces and SALs in improving the erosion resistance and co-deformability of TiAlN-based hard coatings.

Erratum to: Solid Particle Erosion Behaviour of Laser Sintered Heat Treated Ti–6Al–4V Alloy

Erratum to: Solid Particle Erosion Behaviour of Laser Sintered Heat Treated Ti–6Al–4V Alloy

Effect of solid lubricant additives on solid particle erosion characteristics of rigid and toughened epoxy resins

AbstractSolid lubricants are added to polymers to upgrade their tribological properties, especially in cases where adhesive and abrasive friction are valid. However, there are not enough studies on the effects of solid lubricants on particle erosion. This study investigated the effects on solid particle erosion behavior of three different well known solid lubricants (molybdenum disulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and graphite). These solid lubricants were added at three different ratios (5, 10, and 15 wt.%) to the two different type (rigid and toughened) epoxy resins. Garnet abrasive particles (180–400 μm) were blasted to the sample surface under 1.5 bar for 15 s to conduct solid particle erosion tests. The erosive wear mechanisms of neat and solid lubricant‐reinforced epoxy resins were investigated in relation to the epoxy type, solid lubricant type, and solid lubricant reinforcement ratio. Statistical analysis was performed according to response surface methodology to support the experimental results, and ANOVA tables were obtained. The wear and deformations that occurred on the surface after solid particle erosion were examined using a noncontact optical profilometer system and scanning electron microscopy, and a significant relationship was detected between the deformation on the surface and particle erosion. Analysis results showed that the factor causing the greatest erosion rate change was the epoxy resin type. Finally, it has been observed that all solid lubricants reduce the erosive wear resistance, and this resistance decreases as the weight ratio increases.Highlights Investigations were conducted into the erosion behavior of two types of epoxy resins: rigid and toughened. The toughened epoxy resin exhibited greater resistance to erosion. Although it has the same type of content, on average, rigid epoxy worn 2–4 times more than toughened epoxy. The effect of adding polytetrafluoroethylene tended to increase the erosion rate of both rigid and toughened epoxy resin less than that of other solid lubricants. Graphite particles increased the erosion rate of toughened epoxy by 1.5–3 times and that of rigid epoxy by 2–3 times, depending on the value of the reinforcement ratio. MoS2 increased the erosion rate of toughened epoxy by 1.5–3 times and that of rigid epoxy by 2–3 times. Using a noncontact optical profilometer (for investigating surface topography), it was proven that there is a significant relationship between the erosion rate and roughness characteristics. Wear mechanisms were identified by SEM analysis.

Effect of filling materials on the tribological performance of polytetrafluoroethylene in different wear modes

AbstractAs it is known, Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is one of the most preferred polymeric materials for tribological applications. This study investigates the performance of PTFE and its composites under different tribological conditions. The effects of short glass fiber (GF), carbon particle (CP) and bronze particle (BP) reinforcement agents and their hybrid filling with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) on sliding, erosive and abrasive wear were examined. Sliding tests were carried out with a ball‐on‐disc test apparatus, erosive wear tests were carried out with solid particle erosion and abrasive wear tests were carried out with a scratch test. It has been found that reinforcement agents improve sliding and abrasive wear resistance but worsen the erosion resistance. The hardness and contact angle of the samples were associated with their wear performances. Topographic and morphological analyzes of worn surfaces were performed using optical profilometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively, and wear mechanisms were discussed.Highlights Filling materials (glass fiber, carbon particle and bronze particle) increase the adhesion and abrasion resistance of PTFE, while decreasing its erosion resistance. The effect of hybrid addition of MoS2 solid lubricant on wear performances depends on the type of filler. There is a correlation between surface properties (hardness and contact angle) and wear performances. Optical profilometer and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine wear mechanisms.

Tribological properties and solid particle erosion wear behavior of Al2O3-13 wt%TiO2/Al2O3-PF composite coatings prepared on resin matrix by supersonic plasma spraying

Resin materials feature exceptional physical properties and inexpensive cost, but unfavorable surface characteristics, such as low wear resistance and poor erosion wear performance, render them tough to satisfy greater demands. The potential option is to prepare supersonic plasma sprayed Al2O3-13 wt%TiO2/Al2O3-phenolic resin (AT13/Al2O3-PF) coating on the surface of the resin matrix. AT13 feedstocks are classified into two types: Al2O3-13 wt%TiO2 powder prepared by the agglomeration granulation process (AT13-1) and the mixture of spherical Al2O3 and TiO2 (approximately 13 wt%) powder (AT13-2). The effect of component dispersion on mechanical and tribological characteristics of coatings was thoroughly investigated, as well as the solid particle erosion wear behavior of coatings. The results illustrated that the evenly dispersed TiO2 phase in AT13-1 coating was prone to homogenize the coating structure, resulting in better tribological characteristics than AT13-2 coating, although erosion wear performance was inferior to AT13-2 coating. The wear rate of AT13-1 coating was 1.36 × 10−5 mm3 (N m)−1, which was 1/21 times that of AT13-2 coating. At the 60° erosion angle, the high porosity of AT13-1 coating resulted in hard phase cracking or hard phase debonding. The high microhardness of AT13-2 coating reduced erosion wear at the 90° erosion angle.

Comparison of the Erosive Wear Resistance of Ductile Cast Iron Following Laser Surface Melting and Alloying

This article presents research results on the influence of the laser surface melting and alloying processes on the erosive wear resistance of ductile cast iron. For the research, an EN-GJS 350-22 ductile cast iron surface was laser-melted and laser-alloyed with titanium powder in an argon and nitrogen atmosphere. Solid-particle erosion tests were carried out on the laser-melted and -alloyed surface layers and the base material according to the ASTM G76-04 standard with 30° and 90° impingement angles. The erosive wear resistance results were correlated with Vickers hardness and microstructural test results with the use of SEM (scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy), and XRD (X-ray diffraction). The mechanisms of erosive wear were also analyzed for the laser-treated surface layers and the base material. The research showed that the laser melting and alloying processes with titanium powder had a positive effect on the hardness and erosive wear resistance of the ductile cast iron surface due to microstructure modification. Moreover, despite the lower hardness of the laser-alloyed surface layers, their composite microstructure had a positive impact on the erosive wear resistance in comparison to the laser-melted surface layers.

Solid particle erosion in fibre composites: A review

Solid particle erosion is a significant threat to the integrity and performance of polymer-based materials in a variety of industrial applications. This review illustrates the mechanisms, influencing factors, and protective methods associated with solid particle erosion in polymer composites. The study delves into three critical aspects of erosion protection in polymer composites: erosion mechanisms, key influencing factors, and the reinforcement effect in polymers. Furthermore, the review provides valuable insights into the current state development of erosion-resistant polymer composites and their role in protecting polymer composites from solid particle erosion. In summary, the study outlines future research and development directions in erosion-resistant polymer composites, paving the way for innovative solutions to the challenges posed by solid particle erosion in polymers. This research contributes to the foundation for further exploration and application of erosion-resistant polymer composites, fostering increased reliability and performance across a variety of industries.

Prediction of gas–solid erosion wear of bionic surfaces based on machine learning and unimodal intelligent optimization algorithm

Solid particle erosion wear is an inevitable phenomenon in industrial production, with erosion removal mass serving as a crucial metric for assessing the wear rate per unit area on the impacted surface. Developing predictive models to estimate the degree of mass removal is crucial for effectively controlling, evaluating, and preventing severe damage resulting from solid particle erosion wear. In this study, we constructed a comprehensive dataset comprising smooth and bionic surfaces, encompassing inner, outer, and planar surfaces. The dataset was used in a multifactorial erosion experiment, considering adjustable erosion angles, solid particle incident gas velocities, and solid particle diameter sizes. Through visualization and analysis of the obtained dataset, we identified optimal scenarios for bionic surface erosion resistance, offering insights for structural design against bionic erosion resistance. Furthermore, we compared machine learning algorithms to address the prediction problem, resulting in the selection of the best-performing regression algorithm, SVR (Support Vector Regression). Additionally, we compared the performance of other advanced intelligent optimization algorithms using unimodal benchmark functions, finding that HHO (Harris Hawks Optimization) emerged as the optimal choice for unimodal optimization. Building on HHO, we developed the IHHO (Improved Harris Hawks Optimization)-SVR model, using experimental data from erosion tests as the training dataset. This model can predict gas–solid two-phase flow erosion patterns, encompassing various wall types, solid particle sizes, solid incident gas velocities, and impact angles. Due to its robustness and rapid prediction capabilities, the model is expected to serve as a cost-effective tool for predicting erosion removal mass in gas–solid two-phase flow scenarios.

Evaluation of improved tribo-performance characteristics of MoS2 functionalized MWCNTs hybrid reinforced epoxy composites for severe erosion conditions

Solid particle erosion (SPE) has become a major concern for epoxy composite structures exposed to high erosion conditions. A novel erosion-resistive hybrid nanofiller molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) functionalized MWCNTs have been synthesized by hydrothermal route. Epoxy nanocomposite with MoS2 functionalized MWCNTs showed enhanced SPE resistance and mechanical properties as compared to conventional MWCNTs nanocomposites. Epoxy/MoS2/MWCNTs – 1 nanocomposite showed low erosion rate of 471 mg/Kg and 132 mg/Kg at 15° and 90° impact angles, whereas epoxy/MWCNTs nanocomposite showed high erosion rate of 548 mg/Kg and 300 mg/Kg at 15° and 90° impact angles respectively. Erosion efficiency parameter (η) was used to predict the possible erosion mechanism and was further validated using FE-SEM analysis.

A Novel Simulation Model for Multiple Solid Particle Erosion in Micro-blasting Process of Ti-6Al-4V Dental Implant Alloy Considering Actual Geometry of Impacting Particles

A Novel Simulation Model for Multiple Solid Particle Erosion in Micro-blasting Process of Ti-6Al-4V Dental Implant Alloy Considering Actual Geometry of Impacting Particles

Performance degradation model and life prediction method of spool pair caused by erosion wear

The erosion of solid particles in the fluid causes the wear of the metering edge of the spool pair, resulting in a decrease in system performance. This paper aims to develop a general method to evaluate performance degradation and life prediction of spool pairs induced by erosion. Considering the diversity of influencing factors and the complexity of operating conditions, traditional numerical calculation methods will consume huge computational costs. It is difficult to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the evolution of metering edge by numerical calculation. The erosion prediction model (EPM) constructed by machine learning methods can be used to predict the wear profile discretized in time and space. Combined with the mathematical model of the valve-controlled cylinder, a performance degradation model (PDM) that can simulate real-time working conditions is established. Through the data exchange and iterative update between EPM and PDM, a complete digital platform for the calculation of slide valve durability is constructed. After comparing with the experimental results, it can be concluded that the proposed method can realize the performance degradation evaluation and life prediction of the spool pair caused by erosion wear under continuous working conditions.