Solid Architecture Research Articles

Finite element prediction of effective elastic properties of interpenetrating phase composites with architectured 3D sheet reinforcements

• A new type of 3D interpenetrating phase composite (IPC) is introduced. • Effective elastic properties are predicted using FEM. • 3D triply periodic minimal surfaces are used as solid shell reinforcements in IPC. • The effect of the architecture of 3D solid shell architectures is investigated. • Manufacturability of the proposed IPC through 3D printing is shown. In this paper, novel triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) are converted into three-dimensional solid-sheet networks and used as reinforcements within a matrix material creating interpenetrating phase composites (IPC). Schwarz P (P), Schwarz D (D), Schwarz CLP (CLP), Schoen I-WP (IWP), Neovius C(P) (Neovius), Schoen G (Gyroid), Fischer and Koch S (S) TPMS architectures are investigated. The IPCs with the TPMS architectures are modeled using the finite element method, and their effective elastic properties (uniaxial, shear, and bulk moduli, anisotropy index, Poisson's ratio) are evaluated and compared with those of traditional composites (particulate and fibrous). The effects of the TPMS architecture, its volume fraction, and contrast in elastic properties between the two phases in the IPC are studied. Foam (cellular solid) is obtained if one of the phases in the proposed IPC is removed and its elastic properties are also estimated. It is shown that the TPMS architecture significantly affects effective elastic moduli when the contrast is high. The IWP-type IPC and foam give largest uniaxial and bulk moduli.

Hormone receptor-negative, thyroid transcription factor 1-positive uterine and ovarian adenocarcinomas: report of a series of mesonephric-like adenocarcinomas.

To report a series of uterine corpus (n = 7) and ovarian (n = 5) neoplasms which we believe probably represent mesonephric adenocarcinomas based on their characteristic morphology and immunophenotype. All neoplasms exhibited a relatively constant and characteristic morphological appearance with an admixture of architectural patterns with small glands or tubules, some containing luminal eosinophilic colloid-like material, typically predominating. Solid and papillary architectures were also often present. The nuclear features were characteristic with atypical angulated clear vesicular nuclei which often exhibited overlapping. All the tumours were 'flat' negative with oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor and all except one exhibited nuclear staining with thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1), which was often diffuse. All tumours exhibited wild-type staining with p53. CD10, calretinin and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) were positive in a variable proportion of the neoplasms. We believe these neoplasms to represent mesonephric adenocarcinomas which have only rarely been reported to arise in the uterine corpus and never in the ovary. We recommend they be termed mesonephric-like adenocarcinomas until their histogenesis is firmly established.

Follicular Variant of Papillary Carcinoma Arising in Struma Ovarii.

Sir, A 47-year-old female presented with pain in the right iliac fossa and excess menstrual bleeding since five months. Pain was non-radiating, gradual in onset and of moderate intensity. She was obese and anaemic. Abdominal examination revealed a single, soft to cystic, slightly mobile and non-tender mass in the right iliac fossa measuring 12x10cm. Examination of other systems were nil remarkable. Her haemoglobin was 11 gm/dl, TC, DC, Platelet count and urine examination was with in normal limits. Viral markers (VDRL, H.I.V and HBsAg) were nonreactive. Ultrasound abdomen revealed bulky anteverted uterus with fibroid in the anterior wall near the fundus and large right ovarian cyst. She was posted for total abdominal hysterectomy and right salpingoopherectomy. During surgery, there were no signs of capsular invasion or metastasis. Postoperative recovery is good. Gross examination revealed a 4cm size fibroid in the body of the uterus and right ovarian cyst of size 15x15x12cm. Cut section of right ovarian cyst showed grey brown solid area measuring 7x7x5cm and a unilocular cystic area filled with light brown colour fluid. Histopathology revealed follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma arising from pre-existing struma ovarii of right ovarian cyst and interstitial leiomyoma of uterus [Table/Fig-1a-c] [Table/Fig-1a-d]: (a) Struma ovarii (HE (b-c) Thyroid type of papillary carcinoma (H&E, X100), (H&E, X400) - Microfollicles lined by cuboidal follicular ... To rule out occult teratocarcinomas, alpha-fetoprotein (2.02ng/ml) and alpha-1-antitrypsin (1.56g/dl) levels were estimated postoperatively, they were with in normal limits. Thyroid profile was within normal limits. To rule out occult primary, ultrasound neck and FNAC of thyroid was done and it revealed adenomatous goitre [Table/Fig-1d] Serum thyroglobulin levels were estimated after 6 months of the surgery they were within normal limits (2.8ng/ml). Struma ovarii is a monodermal variant of ovarian teratoma, which was composed of more than 50% of thyroid tissue. Malignant transformation of struma ovarii occurs rarely. Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas are the most frequent types of malignancy to occur in struma ovarii, whereas anaplastic and medullary carcinomas occur rarely [1]. A new variant of follicular carcinoma i.e. highly differentiated follicular carcinoma of ovarian origin (HDFCO) has been described by Roth and Karseladze which has an innocuous appearance, resembling that of nonneoplastic thyroid tissue in both the ovary and sites of dissemination [2]. Strumal carcinoid is a distinctive form of ovarian teratoma characterized by a mixture of thyroid tissue and carcinoid. Thyroid-type carcinoma can occur in strumal carcinoid [3]. Follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in struma ovarii exhibit diffuse positivity for CK19 and HBME-1(hector battifora mesothelial cell-1) which is similar to follicular variant of papillary carcinoma in cervical thyroid. Molecular analysis has revealed activating mutations of BRAF, NRAS, KRAS, RET/PTC and NTRK1 in approximately 70% of all follicular cell–derived thyroid carcinomas [1]. Surgical treatment includes total abdominal hysterectomy, plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with omentectomy in postmenopausal women, or in premenopausal women who have completed childbearing [1]. Young women, with unilateral lesion without evidence of capsular invasion or gross metastasis, unilateral oophorectomy or strumectomy (cystectomy), should be performed for preservation of fertility [1]. Adjuvant therapy includes radioactive iodine ablation, external radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Radioactive iodine is the first-line therapy for treatment of recurrent disease [1]. Prognostic factors such as tumour size, extensive adhesions, capsular invasion, peritoneal dissemination, lymph nodal metastasis and solid histologic architecture were associated with an increased incidence of recurrence or metastasis. Anaplastic carcinoma is the most aggressive tumour type, followed by follicular, papillary and HDFCO is the least aggressive [4].

Experimental and theoretical study of weak intermolecular interactions in crystalline tertiary squaramides

We report the X-ray solid state structures of two tertiary squaramides, i.e. 3-(diethylamino)-4-ethoxy-cyclobutene-1,2-dione (1) and bis-3,4-(diethylamino)-cyclobutene-1,2-dione (2). Compound 1 forms electrostatically compressed dimers in the solid state. Moreover, compound 2 exhibits a remarkable solid state architecture resembling a lipid bilayer. This supramolecular assembly has been analyzed using high level DFT calculations and Bader's theory of “atoms-in-molecules”. The antiparallel CO⋯CO interactions of the cyclobutenedione rings and hydrophobic interactions involving the ethyl chains are crucial for the formation of the bilayer assembly in the solid state.

P53 Is Involved in a Three-Dimensional Architecture-Mediated Decrease in Chemosensitivity in Colon Cancer

Three-dimensional (3D) culture models represent a better approximation of solid tumor tissue architecture, especially cell adhesion, in vivo than two-dimensional (2D) cultures do. Here, we explored the role of architecture in chemosensitivity to platinum in colon cancer. Under the 3D culture condition, colon cancer cells formed multicellular spheroids, consisting of layers of cells. 3D cultures displayed significantly decreased sensitivity to platinum compared with 2D cultures. Platinum increased p53 in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. There was no detectable difference in basal p53 levels between 3D cultures and 2D cultures but cisplatin induced less p53 in both HCT116 3D cultures and LoVo 3D cultures. It was not due to cisplatin concentration because cisplatin induced similar γ-H2AX in 3D vs 2D. Knockdown of p53 significantly decreased sensitivity to platinum in 3D cultures. Knockdown of p53 decreased cleaved caspase 3 and apoptosis induced by cisplatin. These findings indicate that 3D architecture confers decreased chemosensitivity to platinum and p53 is involved in the mechanism. Knockdown of p53 decreased cisplatin's induction of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) activation, whereas inhibition of JNK1/2 activation increased chemosensitivity. Inhibition of p38 activation decreased cisplatin's induction of p53, but no difference in p38 activation by cisplatin was observed between 2D cultures and 3D cultures. Taken together, our results suggest that p53 is involved in a 3D architecture-mediated decrease in chemosensitivity to platinum in colon cancer. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (JNK1/2 and p38) do not play a dominant role in the mechanism.

Long-distance quantum information transfer with strong coupling hybrid solid system.

In this paper, we demonstrate how information can be transferred among the long-distance memory units in a hybrid solid architecture, which consists the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensemble acting as the memory unit, the LC circuit acting as the transmitter (receiver), and the flux qubit acting as the interface. Numerical simulation demonstrates that the high-fidelity quantum information transfer between memory unit and transmitter (receiver) can be implemented, and this process is robust to both the LC circuit decay and NV ensemble spontaneous emission.

Safe operation of mini UAVs: a review of regulation and best practices

This paper is focused on the safety of mini UAV (mUAV) systems. It presents the great efforts that are being done in air legislation, including the present and future normative. Nevertheless, considering that the work is not finished yet, a low-level risk analysis concept is introduced. Based on the international regulations, a specific three-step structure for mUAV hazard analysis is presented: identification, assessment, and reduction in a recursive loop that provides a solid architecture for facing the wide range of possible risks.

Solid variant of mammary adenoid cystic carcinoma with basaloid features: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study

To investigate the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features as well as the differential diagnoses of the solid variant of mammary adenoid cystic carcinoma with basaloid features. Clinical and pathological data were collected in four cases of the solid variant of mammary adenoid cystic carcinoma with basaloid features, and microscopic pathological examination and immunohistochemistry EnVision method were performed. The relevant literature was also reviewed. The four patients were female, with age ranged from 46 - 65 years old (average 56 years) and the maximum tumor diameter ranged from 1.5 to 2.5 cm. Microscopically, the tumors exhibited a predominantly solid architecture with a myxoid or hyalinized stroma. The tumor cells showed moderate to marked nuclear atypia, and a basaloid appearance with scanty cytoplasm and inconspicuous nucleoli, and ≥ 5 mitotic figures per 10 high power fields. Glandular space embedded within tumor islands could be noticed. These spaces were genuine glandular structures and the cells lining these true glandular lumens had more abundant and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Pseudoglandular spaces of cribriform pattern or variable shape were also occasionally seen, and these cysts contained homogenous eosinophilic material. Focal necrosis was found. All cases were negative for ER, PR and HER2. Immunohistochemical staining for CK5/6, CK7 and CK14 was positive in the genuine glandular structures. All cases were positive for CD10, but also positive with varying intensity from weak to strong for vimentin and CD117. Staining for Ki-67 in three patients showed 10% - 50% positive. The solid variant of mammary adenoid cystic carcinoma with basaloid features is a histologically distinctive and also a rare subset of the mammary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Awareness of its pathological features can help with the diagnosis as well as differential diagnosis. More cases are still needed for accurately assessing the prognosis of this particular tumor.

Cultural Context: A Comparative Study of Raymond Carver's Cathedral and Ebrahim Golestan's the Stream and the Wall and the Thirst

Abstract. Both Raymond Carver and Ebrahim Golestan are widely acknowledged as writers who pay special attention to the form and language of their writings. This study starts with these two general characteristics of Carver's and Golestan's writings in order to search for the overt and covert features of prose in Raymond Carver's Cathedral and Ebrahim Golestan's The Stream and the Wall and the Thirst. The paper necessarily does its best to perform some kind of comparison between the two works of Carver and Golestan. Following a formal linguistic approach, the research traces one aspect of macro-level, cultural context, and tries to show some major manifestations of it in the stories of the two selected fictions. The research undertakes to find out whether these short story collections might act as architectures with similar cultural contexts. Reading Carver (1981) and Golestan (1351/1972) for the issue of cultural context, it can be concluded that although they both give a considerable attention to the structure of their stories as if they are building solid architectures out of carefully chosen linguistic units, they reflect different cultural believes and customs.

Multispectral digital lensless holographic microscopy: from femtosecond laser to white light LED

The use of femtosecond laser radiation and super bright white LED in digital lensless holographic microscopy is presented. For the ultrafast laser radiation two different configurations of operation of the microscope are presented and the dissimilar performance of each one analyzed. The microscope operating with a super bright white light LED in combination with optical filters shows very competitive performance as it is compared with more expensive optical sources. The broadband emission of both radiation sources allows the multispectral imaging of biological samples to obtain spectral responses and/or full color images of the microscopic specimens; sections of the head of a Drosophila melanogaster fly are imaged in this contribution. The simple, solid, compact, lightweight, and reliable architecture of digital lensless holographic microscopy operating with broadband light sources to image biological specimens exhibiting micrometer-sized details is evaluated in the present contribution.

Éter: de la Res Extensa a la Inteligencia Ambiental

A reading of the architectural environment in atmospheric terms is proposed in this essay. It will approach space as a matter that inadvertently penetrates the objects and assemblages present in our daily lives, as important for the qualification of our environment as traditional, solid and visible architecture. We live immersed in an aerial environment saturated by substances and forces that form a vast ocean of chemicals, energy and information. Such medium is certainly not just ‘air’, at least not in a traditional sense. It is animated air. Therefore the concept of ether will be used in order to analyze this complex, active and largely artificial medium. It will be examined from different points of view, as a historic scientific model and a cultural construction whose meaning has been transferred to numerous areas of material production, also enhancing our perceptive imagination. Ether can shed some light in describing those technical and cultural processes that will probably play a key role in the forthcoming architectural practice.

Succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma: detailed characterization of 11 tumors defining a unique subtype of renal cell carcinoma

Patients with germline mutation of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit genes are prone to develop paraganglioma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and rarely renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, SDH-deficient RCC is not yet widely recognized. We identified such tumors by distinctive morphology and confirmed absence of immunohistochemical staining for SDHB. Immunohistochemical features were evaluated using a panel of antibodies to renal tumor antigens. Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue. Eleven tumors were identified from 10 patients, 22–72 years of age (median 40). Two patients had paragangliomas, 1 bilateral SDH-deficient RCC, and 1 contralateral oncocytoma. Grossly, tumors were tan or red–brown, 2–20 cm in diameter (median 4.25 cm). Fuhrman grade was 2 (n=10) or 3 (n=1). Stage was pT1a–pT2b. One patient developed widespread metastases 16 years after nephrectomy and died of disease 6 years later. All tumors were composed of uniform eosinophilic cells containing vacuoles or flocculent cytoplasmic inclusions. Architecture was primarily solid; entrapped renal tubules and intratumoral mast cells were common. By immunohistochemistry, tumor cells were negative for SDHB (11/11) and rarely SDHA (1/11). Labeling was uniformly positive for PAX8 and kidney-specific cadherin and absent for KIT, RCC, and carbonic anhydrase IX. Staining for broad-spectrum epithelial markers was often negative or focal (positive staining for AE1/AE3 in 4/10, CAM5.2 3/7, CK7 1/11, EMA 10/10). By sequencing, SDHB mutation and loss of the second allele were present in 5/6 tumors; the SDHA-deficient tumor showed no SDHB abnormality. SDH-deficient RCC is a unique neoplasm that is capable of progression, often harboring SDHB mutation. A monomorphic oncocytic renal tumor with solid architecture, cytoplasmic inclusions of flocculent material, and intratumoral mast cells should prompt evaluation of SDH status, as it may have implications for screening the patient and relatives. Negative immunohistochemistry for KIT and heterogeneous labeling for epithelial antigens are other supportive features.

Impact of Ki-67 and E-cadherin expression on lymphovascular invasion in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.

The specimens from 106 patients with UUT-UC who had undergone nephroureterectomy were analyzed for pathologic parameters and LVI, while Ki-67 and E-cadherin expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Ki-67 was overexpressed in 38% of the cases, while 45% of tumors demonstrated aberrant E-cadherin staining. The presence of LVI was significantly associated with tumor stage, grade, non-papillary growth, nodular invasion pattern, high Ki-67 labeling index and altered E-cadherin expression. Analyzing logistic regression models, we have shown that tumor properties such as stage, grade, growth and invasion pattern (p < 0.001), as well as the expression of Ki-67 and E-cadherin (p < 0.001) significantly predicted the presence of LVI. In the first model, only solid tumor architecture (p < 0.05) and nodular invasion pattern (p < 0.05) were significant predictors of LVI. In the second model, Ki-67 expression was found to improve the prediction of LVI (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that Ki-67 overexpression is an independent predictor of LVI in UUT-UC, indicating the progression of the disease. E-cadherin staining adds no valuable information to LVI probability assessment. This emphasizes the importance of Ki-67 staining of UUT-UC sections in routine pathological practice. Patients with Ki-67 overexpression, especially in solid tumors with nodular invasion, should be monitored more closely after surgery.

From monomers to polymers: steric and supramolecular effects on dimensionality of coordination architectures of heteroleptic mercury(ii) halogenide–tetradentate Schiff base complexes

We report the synthesis and X-ray characterisation of six mercury(ii) halogenide–tetradentate Schiff base complexes.

Clinicopathologic observation of adenoid cystic carcinoma of esophagus

To study the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the esophagus. Ten cases of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus were retrieved from the archival file. The clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features were studied. The differential diagnosis was analyzed. The male-to-female ratio was 9: 1. The age of patients ranged from 59 to 76 years. There were 4 cases with tumor located in mid esophagus, 4 cases with tumor located in mid to lower esophagus and the remaining 2 cases in lower esophagus. Low-power histologic examination showed mainly expansive growth pattern, with cribriform, solid and focal tubular architectures identified. The tumor cells showed nuclear hyperchromasia. Both ductal and myoepithelial differentiation was demonstrated. The stroma showed myxoid degeneration in areas. Comedo-type necrosis was observed in 8 cases and moderate to severe squamous dysplasia was present in one case. Three cases showed focal areas of squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for p63 (10/10), CD117 (10/10) and S-100 protein (9/10). There was focal staining for calponin (2/10) and smooth muscle actin (2/10). The ductal structures expressed CK7 (10/10). Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus demonstrates unique morphologic features with expression of S-100 protein and consistent expression of CD117. The above characteristics help to distinguish this entity from basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and small cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst presenting as a giant cervical mass: A clinical, radiological, histopathological dilemma

Background:Typical aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are osteolytic, multicystic lesions with parietal sclerosis and blood-filled cysts. In rare instances, the cystic components may be completely absent. Such solid variants in ABC (s-ABC) exhibit a solid architecture; making the clinical, radiological, and histological differentiation from other solid bone tumors like osteosarcoma (especially giant cell rich osteosarcoma) and giant cell tumor, a difficult task.Case Report:We report the case of a 45–year-old male presenting with a giant solid cervical spine lesion. Histopathology revealed solid variant of ABC, even though the radiological and fine needle aspiration cytology studies pointed toward a giant cell tumor.Conclusion:We aim to discuss the clinical, radiological, and histological findings of solid ABC (a rare benign entity) vis-à-vis the common neoplastic entities of osteosarcoma and giant cell tumor. The histopathological nuisances in making the diagnosis of s-ABC are put forth, along with its impact on management of such giant bony spinal lesions.

Variants of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Multiple Faces of a Familiar Tumor.

Classically characterized by its papillary appearance, papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm of the thyroid. Several variants of papillary carcinoma have been described considering size (microcarcinoma); nature of the tumor boundaries (encapsulated); architecture (follicular, macrofollicular, cribriform-morular, solid, micropapillary); cellular characteristics (tall cell, columnar, oncocytic, clear cell, hobnail); additional tumor components (papillary carcinoma with focal insular component, papillary carcinoma with spindle and giant cell carcinoma, papillary carcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma, papillary carcinoma with mucoepidermoid carcinoma); stromal features (papillary carcinoma with fasciitis like stroma); or a combination of the abovementioned characteristics (diffuse sclerosing, Warthin-like). Although most variants do not pose any diagnostic problems; some histological variants can be challenging to the pathologist and some are of clinical significance, because of prognostic implications or accompanying clinical conditions. It is not rare to find a papillary carcinoma showing characteristics of more than one variant. For example: an individual tumor can show hobnail features and present as a microcarcinoma; another case can show solid architecture and clear cytoplasm. In such cases, it is more important to comment on clinically relevant morphological characteristics of the tumor, rather than religiously trying to classify an individual tumor into a particular variant. In this review, pathologic and clinical features of papillary carcinoma variants are summarized.

Solid Form of Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma: A Diagnostically Challenging Entity

Aim: Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare tumor mainly affecting children and young adults. The classic morphology is described as being well encapsulated with a solid cellular proliferation containing histiocyte-like cells, cystic/ hemorrhagic spaces and a surrounding dense lymphocytic infiltrate. Unfortunately, the morphology is not always typical and immunostains are often equivocal. Cytogenetic studies show that many instances of AFH have an EWSR1 gene rearrangement. We describe 8 cases of AFH and review them for lack of any of the characteristic histologic features. Methods and Results: Routine immunohistochemical (IHC) stains as well as FISH studies for EWSR gene rearrangement were preformed on available material. Seven of eight cases lacked at least one major histologic feature and three cases showed a uniformly solid architecture. In addition, three of the seven cases were positive for the EWSR1 gene rearrangement. Conclusion: It is important to recognize the solid form of AFH and not to confuse it with malignancy. FISH studies, when positive, are useful and practical in confirming the diagnosis of AFH in cases with unusual histology.

A new solvated complex of the uranyl ion (UO22+) with 8-hydroxyquinoline

A new solvated complex of the uranyl ion, [UO2(quin)2(H’quin)]·DMF (1), (Hquin=8-hydroxyquinoline and H’quin=quinolinium-8-olate, i.e. the zwitterionic form of Hquin) was synthesized and investigated by means of elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Interestingly one coordinated 8-hydroxyquinoline is protonated, thus provoking the simultaneous existence of an electron rich and electron poor ring in the same molecule. This clearly enhances the ability of this ring to form antiparallel stacking interactions that are responsible for the solid state architecture of compound 1. This aspect has been analyzed by means of density functional theory calculations (DFT), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) tool and Bader’s theory of “atoms in molecules”.

The Solid architecture for real-time management of big semantic data

Big Data management has become a critical task in many application systems, which usually rely on heavyweight batch processes to manage such large amounts of data. However, batch architectures are not an adequate choice for designing real-time systems in which data updates and reads must be satisfied with very low latency. Thus, gathering and consuming high volumes of data at high velocities is an emerging challenge which we specifically address in the scope of innovative scenarios based on semantic data (RDF) management. The Linked Open Data initiative or emergent projects in the Internet of Things are examples of such scenarios. This paper describes a new architecture (referred to as Solid) which separates the complexities of Big Semantic Data storage and indexing from real-time data acquisition and consumption. This decision relies on the use of two optimized datastores which respectively store historical (big) data and run-time data. It ensures efficient volume management and high processing velocity, but adds the need of coordinating both datastores. Solid proposes a 3-tiered architecture in which each responsibility is specifically addressed. Besides its theoretical description, we also propose and evaluate a Solid prototype built on top of binary RDF and state-of-the-art triplestores. Our experimental numbers report that Solid achieves large savings in data storage (it uses up to 5 times less space than the compared triplestores), while provides efficient SPARQL resolution over the Big Semantic Data (in the order of 10–20 ms for the studied queries). These experiments also show that Solid ensures low-latency operations because data effectively managed in real-time remain small, so do not suffer Big Data issues.