Soldier's Home Research Articles

The hospitalist: Creating a patient-focused paradigm for a change

The long-term care facility has not always gone by that name. Once upon a not too distant time it was called something else: Home. Not “The Home,” as in The Soldiers Home, or The Exempt Firemen’s Home, or The Distaff Home, but home, with a lower-case h, the place where homemade broths were served to the ailing fresh from a pot on the stove, where nobody needed a clipboard to remember who got kosher meals and who was on a sodium-free diet, where the title for “client” was grandma, or Uncle Dan, or Cousin John who “was never quite right.” The patients participated in their care, helping to shell the peas and peel the potatoes for their own meals. Music therapy was led by the client herself, as she taught the grandchildren the songs of her own youth. Occupational therapy for the nonambulatory patient might be whittling. Senior daycare programs were on a seamless continuum with preschool, as both were directed by Momma in the kitchen. Home was a prekindergarten, afterschool center, convalescent facility, assisted living program, nursing home, and hospice— sometimes all at the same moment. The “director” of such an institution depended on two medical professionals: herself, with the accumulated generations of folk wisdom and maternal common sense that rivaled the collective brainpower of the Mayo Clinic, and the Family Doctor, who had delivered most of her charges, perhaps even her, and who would be at the bedside of Mom’s charges, young and old, when their final moments came. The Family Doctor spent his days making house calls to the elderly, the developmentally disabled, the handicapped, the medically frail. He needed no charts, no files, no jackets with print-outs from insurance companies to know Little Johnny’s medical history, or when Grandpa’s gallbladder had been removed, or that Aunt Mary’s gait was caused by spina bifida. He was part of his patients’ lives, and they were part of his. They were not a billing code or a notation on an office schedule; he watched their cycle of life, traveled the path with them, and, in turn, they became his own journey through this world.

" Duro: Bilingual Puns in "The Undefeated"

Repetition of words, such as the obvious echoing of "like" in "Up in Michigan, "Cat in the Rain" and "Soldier's Home," occurs throughout Hemingway's oeuvre. Sometimes the echoing is not so readily apparent because what is repeated is the same word, but in a different language. For example, "rabbit" in For Whom the Bell Tolls , is echoed by the Spanish conejo . In "The Undefeated," Hemingway repeats the Spanish word " duro ," as well as its English translations and its cognates, particularly the Spanish durar and the French durer , to last. As he frequently wrote, " Il faut d'abord durer "—"Above all, one must endure."

"Where Do We Go From Here?": Ernest Hemingway's "Soldier's Home" and American Veterans of World War I

Criticism on Ernest Hemingway's "Soldier's Home" has emphasized the story's autobiographical dimension; however, the story also examines the problems encountered by a group to which Hemingway did not actually belong: the combat veterans of the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F.). Hemingway's title, a play on the term "soldiers' home," evokes the Veterans' Bureau scandal of 1923, an event that symbolizes the mistreatment of Americans who fought in the Great War. Krebs's service in the casualty-ridden Second Division and the story's setting in rural Oklahoma (a region that contributed relatively few soldiers to the A.E.F.'s hardest-hit units) also contribute to the story's central theme—that in its post-war pursuit of normalcy, the United States had failed to provide a "home" for its most tested soldiers.

Hemingway: A Life without Consequences

Soldiers Home * The Country is Always True * The Two Good-byes * And Wounds Dont Matter * The Art of the Short Story * A Life Without Consequences A Lost Generation * The Mecca of Bluffers and Fakers * Chasing Yesterdays * Memory Is the Best Critic * The Perpendicular Pronoun * The Dangerous Friend * All Things Truly Wicked * The Master of Indirection The Artists Reward * Fathers and Sons * A Thousand Intangibles * The Green Hills of Africa The Gulf Stream * Politics, Women, Drink, Money, Ambition * The Politics of Desperation * A Very Lonely Trade * The Undertaker Pleases

Toward Wider Use of Literature in ESL: Why and How

use of in ESL can achieve, this article examines in terms of current ESL theory (discourse analysis, context and contextualization, schema theory, cross-cultural awareness). This is done to explain not only why may be a more satisfying basis for ESL learning than more commonly used texts, but also what current theory suggests about how we should exploit this form in the classroom in order to encourage interactive, communicative classes for mature learners at a variety of levels of proficiency. The article then presents an orderly, four-step approach to any literary text, an approach that obliges students to take responsibility for building their own successively more complex schemata (i.e., levels of understanding), which allow them to explore a text on successively more demanding levels. The theoretical approach is illustrated with reference to Hemingway's short story Soldier's Home. Almost a decade after Canale and Swain's (1980) seminal article, the concept of communicative competence has found its expression in a wide variety of attitudes and concerns about the active role of the communicating learner in the second language classroom. Disappointingly (a few excellent articles notwithstanding-e.g., McConochie, 1985; Povey, 1979a; Spack, 1985; Widdowson, 1982), literary texts, which have the potential to provide the basis for intensely interactive, content-based ESL classes, have not enjoyed the general resurgence of attention that our commitment to communicative teaching might have predicted. It has been my personal experience that many ESL teachers either consciously or unconsciously feel that literature is too 'hard' for ESL students. Given the large number of language-teaching

Tails, You Lose: Kay Boyle's War Fiction

In his famous introduction to the anthology Men at War, Hemingway observes that in combat learning to suspend your imagination and live completely in the very second of the present minute with no before and no after is the greatest gift soldier can acquire.' That statement has become, at least implicitly, the measure for all war fiction because the central figures in modern war novels have been revealed to us as they succeed and, more interestingly, fail to maintain such perspective. Paul Baumer (All Quiet on the Western Front), Frederic Henry, Billy Pilgrim, Paul Berlin (Going after Cacciato), and other such figures take on dramatic, moral intensity as they struggle with physical and psychological brutalities of war. Yet there are many stories of war-Vietnam has reminded us of that-and Kay Boyle's short fiction of World War II makes equally compelling statements about war and its consequences. Harold Krebs, the shell-shocked veteran of Hemingway's Soldier's Home, longs for a world without consequences; in such story as Lost, Boyle captures what would terrify Krebs: world of overwhelming consequences for survivors without homes to which they might return. It is Boyle's world of consequences that gives us the other side of the coin; however disquieting, it is one we must understand if we are to know the full cost of war. The social and

Faulkner's "Requiem for a Nun": A Critical Study by Noel Polk (review)

118Reviews and a weak father may, in some cases, add up to a troubled child. No matter what Westbrook says, and he is fair and objective, the pictures that emerge of Clarence, of Grace, and of their relationship are not happy ones. Westbrook is certainly right that they "were two fine human beings," yet they were probably two fine human beings who should not have married each other. The same might be said of many marriages (Eugene O'Neill's parents, for example). Then again, these parents provided the crucible from which some very fine art came, and Westbrook does a nice job examining "The Doctor and The Doctor's Wife" and "Soldier's Home." There are some small points on which individual readers may disagree with Millicent Bell's "A Farewell to Arms: Pseudobiography and Personal Metaphor," but the final effect of the entire essay is that of a rich and suggestive—if dark—understanding of the novel and its author. As well, there are some small places in Carol H. Smith, "Women and the Loss of Eden in Hemingway's Mythology" that will not reconcile easily with Bell's article, but Smith's piece, employing a women's study approach to Hemingway's fiction, is interesting , especially on the character of Brett Ashley. Following Smith's essay in the volume, Malcolm Cowley's observation about how closely two Nobel laureates read each other's work is developed in Peter L. Hays, "Exchange between Rivals: Faulkner's Influence on The Old Man and the Sea," which explores the influence of "The Bear" on the Hemingway novel. The final essay in the fourth section is James D. Brasch's "Invention from Knowledge : The Hemingway-Cowley Correspondence," and it is by far the best piece in the section and one of the best in the entire volume. Brasch is dealing with a lively and important correspondence—and relationship—and he knows how to handle and present the material. Moreover, the essay is important not only for its extrinsic and obvious interest but because it may contain the clearest expression of Hemingway's aesthetics or modus operandi, what Hemingway was trying to do with his writing, particularly The Old Man and the Sea, and what he felt was necessary for him, or any writer, to create enduring, worthwhile fiction—the ability to "make" from knowledge. One of the consistent features of this book is that each of the scholarly essays in it makes it clear that its author has been through the manuscripts and letters which have become available since the last published scholarly collection. Without question, this is the best gathering of essays on Hemingway to appear since Richard Astro and Jackson J. Benson, eds., Hemingway in Our Time (Corvallis: Oregon State Univ. Press, 1974). It may be among the best collections of original pieces bound in one cover on any single twentiethcentury American writer of fiction. St. Bonaventure UniversityJames J. Martine Polk, Noel. Faulkner's "Requiem for a Nun ": A Critical Study. Bloomington : Indiana Univ. Press, 1981. 273 pp. Cloth: $17.50. Noel Polk's study of Requiem for a Nun reveals a good critical mind and a writer of graceful, clear prose. It is an interesting book. Its major achievement is that it forces one to reread Faulkner's novel. Polk marshals his arguments and presents them so ingeniously that one begins to question one's own memory. A rereading of Requiem, however, makes clear that the major flaw in Polk's study is its creativity. Though obviously a great admirer of Faulkner and a diligent student of his works, Polk is not satisfied with the novel Faulkner wrote. Studies in American Fiction119 In Polk's version of Requiem the focus of the moral drama is shifted away from Temple. She is seen not as a victim of her own past and her own sins but as a victim of the misguided and excessive idealism of Nancy Mannigoe and Gavin Stevens, the one the symbol of the church, the other of the state. "Both institutions," Polk writes, "are concerned with order, security, peace. Both strive to make this a better world, the church by encouraging, and the state by...

Hemingway: The Economics of Survival

Ernest Hemingway's concern with money, the ways which it was acquired and spent, and how too much or little could affect people has been well documented, as has Hemingway's use of money his fiction, especially The Sun Also Rises.1 Much of this writing has employed a biographical approach, which has shown how closely Hemingway's fiction, especially his early work, mirrored his own life. What I wish to emphasize is the transformation of Hemingway's personal concern with into the structure of his fiction, and particular to show how this concern with manifests itself an economic structure of exchange values which the Hemingway hero learns to apply to his life, most especially to his emotional relationships. In emphasizing this economic structure, I shall have to neglect much of Hemingway's craftsmanship, such as the complexity of his plotting and the effective economy of language so impressive his best work. In Hemingway's texts, to be economical is to be orderly, to get your money's worth any exchange situation, and to lead a simplified life. In Big TwoHearted River, when Nick Adams settles into his camp in the good place where nothing could touch him, we have a clear idea of why he's there, if we've read In Our Time as the story of the early life and education of Nick Adams, for this concluding story depicts a simplicity of existence the woods which is contrast to the complexities of life one's home and social milieu. We have seen how complicated life gets when one's emotions are involvedeither with women or with war. Harold Krebs, Soldier's Home, finds that you lose all your valuable experiences when you are forced to lie about them, and he doesn't want to go near girls because they complicate one's life. If you don't think about them, you don't need them anyway. In Indian Camp, Nick had been effectively introduced to death-death that results from love. Frederic Henry would tell us more about that later, but by the end of Ernest Hemingway's first collection of short stories we know that women can inflict wounds as debilitating as those inflicted by war. So the end, Nick escapes emotional involvements by going to the woods, moving away from the disorder of the

Irony of Situation in Ernest Hemingway's "Soldier's Home"

Irony of Situation in Ernest Hemingway's "Soldier's Home"

Acute melioidosis in a soldier home from South Vietnam

A fatal case of acute melioidosis occurred in a soldier who had recently returned from Vietnam.<i>Pseudomonas pseudomallei</i>was identified by culture of blood specimens taken before and after death, animal inoculation, and fluorescent antibody tests. Chloramphenicol is the drug of choice in this disease.

Acute Melioidosis in a Soldier Home From South Vietnam

A fatal case of acute melioidosis occurred in a soldier who had recently returned from Vietnam. Pseudomonas pseudomallei was identified by culture of blood specimens taken before and after death, animal inoculation, and fluorescent antibody tests. Chloramphenicol is the drug of choice in this disease.

Home localities of national servicemen with respiratory disease.

The standard method of comparing sickness in the Army in different regions is to calculate morbidity rates, viz. the ratios of cases to numbers at risk in those regions. When this is done for respiratory diseases in the United Kingdom the results follow to some extent the pattern of civilian experience for the same areas, as far as can be determined from such figures as are published. A different aspect is investigated here, in that a soldier's home locality before enlistment is pin pointed, and the sickness rate, irrespective of where he is serving, including overseas, is related to his home. The prospect is that different liabilities to disease may be revealed on this basis. A number of factors that bear upon the findings are discussed.

Book-Reviews

Journal Article Book-Reviews Get access PAUL R. GOODE. The United States Soldier's Home. Richmond, Virginia, William Byrd Press, Inc., 1957. xiv, 289 pp. J. T. JOY J. T. JOY Captain MC, Walter Reed HospitalWashington, D.C Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume XIV, Issue 1, January 1959, Pages 129–130, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/XIV.1.129 Published: 01 January 1959

ALEXANDER CORSTVET AND ANTHONY M. RUD, NORWEGIAN-AMERICAN NOVELISTS

ALEXANDER CORSTVET AND ANTHONY M. RUD, NORWEGIAN-AMERICAN NOVELISTS By Albert O. Barton Two novels written by first-generation Americans of Norwegian descent have intimate associations with the region southeast of Madison in Wisconsin, particularly the so-called Koshkonong Norwegian settlement of eastern Dane County. The author of one of the novels is a native of the district; some of the scenes of the other story are laid there. Yet two narratives could scarcely be more unlike than these. One is idealistic in theme and treatment, analytic and artistic, reminiscent of an earlier day; the other is starkly realistic, of the more recent school of writing. In 1901 a novel, Elling, was issued by a Milwaukee publishing -house. The author was Alexander Corstvet, then principal of one of the Milwaukee schools. The book made no stir in the reading world and has long since been forgotten , but it was warmly praised by William James, the eminent scholar and philosopher, who said it was a work that the discerning would read again and again. This commendation has now and then served to draw the attention of a stray reader to the novel, to justify Professor James' prophecy concerning it. "And thereby hangs a tale " of an unusual devotion to a purpose and an ideal. For, comparatively late in life, Professor Corstvet had become a disciple of James and had imbibed the noble philosophy which animates this book. Corstvet, now an octogenarian, is still living in Milwaukee . He was born in the town of Cottage Grove in Dane County, of Norwegian immigrant parentage. He tells an inspiring story of how, at an age when most men have long 14« TWO NORWEGIAN-AMERICAN NOVELISTS 147 left school, he attained his ambition of obtaining an education . In a recent letter he writes: My early schooling was scant and broken. I attended Marshall academy a couple of terms and then settled on a small farm, teaching school in winter. At thirty-six I took the elementary course at Whitewater normal school and then taught at Albion academy one year. I finished at Whitewater at forty-one and later served in high schools at Stoughton and Burlington. Then I went to Harvard at forty-six. I had been there not quite a year when my wife died. We had four children ranging in age from eight years to eight days. It was one of the hard spots in my life. But I had sat at the feet of that wonderful man William James and had come to know his wonderful wife. I sat down with the children one year and then came to Milwaukee. I taught one year in the grades and went to Soldiers Home school (now West Milwaukee ), where I stayed three years, then to South Milwaukee for three years and again back to Milwaukee for seventeen years when the age limit caught me. My wife had often urged me to write something. When I sat with the children in Boston I began "Elling," and wrote in snatches, finishing it in Milwaukee. Such is the story of this little book. Elling opens in Watlingsend, apparently some eastern seacoast village in the United States. At the end the scene shifts to England, where the once poor youth, Elling, has become a distinguished scholar and the husband of an Englishwoman of wealth and culture. The characters in the book are drawn chiefly from humble positions - they are umbrella-menders, shoemakers, and the like - and they are uniformly decent and high-minded. The author satisfies one requirement of fiction by creating in the reader a sympathetic interest in all his characters, good and bad. Though the book has its passages of diverting humor, it retains throughout a noble and sustained philosophy that never falters. Running through the story are snatches of verse written by the author; but they do not, as is so often the case where a writer attempts to combine both forms of writing , detract from the quality of the work. A few passages 148 STUDIES AND RECORDS from the book that reveal Corstveťs style and the reflected philosophy of William James follow. For instance, this, which sounds autobiographical: The summer was wearing away...

The Association of Military Surgeons of the Wisconsin National Guard.

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In response to a call from the Surgeon-General, N. Senn, for February 26, 1891, the surgeons of the Wisconsin National Guard met in Milwaukee for the purpose of organizing an association for the advancement of military and accidental surgery and to be called "The Association of Military Surgeons of the Wisconsin National Guard." The work of the Association will be clinical, experimental, original, etc., pertaining to military surgery. Surgeon-General Nicholas Senn was elected President; Major F. J. Wilkes, 2nd Reg. W. N. G., Vice-President; Lieutenant Ralph Chandler, 1st Light Battery W. N. G., Secretary and Treasurer. The surgeons responded to a man. The Association has a membership of fifteen and will meet once every four months. The day was spent very profitably in clinical work at the Milwaukee Hospital, Soldier's Home Hospital, and in demonstrative and experimental work in intestinal surgery and gun-shot wounds of the abdomen,