Solar Photovoltaic Technology Research Articles

Combined multi-level context aggregation and attention mechanism method for photovoltaic panel extraction from high resolution remote sensing images

ABSTRACT In the context of global carbon emission reduction, solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is experiencing rapid development. Using high-resolution remote sensing images to accurately obtain PV information over a large region, including location and size, has the advantages of high statistical efficiency and timely data update for the PV energy management. Due to the intra-class diversity of PV panels and the intricate variability in their deployment environments, existing semantic segmentation methods often have problems such as under-segmentation and mis-segmentation. To alleviate these problems, this paper proposes an improved DeepLabv3+ semantic segmentation network to more accurately extract PV panels from high-resolution remote sensing images. With the aim of alleviating under-segmentation, a multi-level context aggregation module is developed. This module can enhance the model’s ability to learn the characteristics of PV panels and their surrounding environment by aggregating rich contextual information from multi-scale and semantic levels. To alleviate the problem of mis-segmentation, a hybrid attention module is introduced. This module sequentially and adaptively adjusts the weight distribution in both the channel and spatial dimensions, thus enabling the model to focus more on the feature information and spatial positions of PV objects. Experiments conducted on a self-constructed Beijing PV segmentation dataset show that the method in this paper has advantages of completeness and accuracy in extracting PV panels compared to the baseline model and current mainstream semantic segmentation network. In addition, the results of experiments on extracting PV panels in real region show that our model also has good stability and generalization capability.

Greening airports: A methodological framework for site assessment and assessing solar PV potential

Due to energy intensiveness and carbon emissions, the aviation sector is under continuous environmental pressure. In this regard, airports have shown keen interest in solar photovoltaic (PV) technology to decarbonize their energy consumption. Implementing onsite solar projects in the airport is challenging due to various technical and safety aspects. Improper siting of solar PV arrays may adversely affect the safety of the passengers. This paper aims to develop a methodological framework for site assessment and potential estimation of PV projects in airport locations. The developed methodology is applied as a case study to seven Indian airports: Madurai, Goa, Raipur, Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Amritsar, and Dehradun. It was understood that the suitable area for solar PV projects on airport land depends on airspace restrictions, built area, and glare occurrence. On average, 30–40 % of the airport land is observed to be built area; hence, it is unavailable for land-based solar PV systems. Among the studied airports, the highest value of technical potential is observed for Raipur airport (21 MW). These conservative estimates provide baseline information for airport planning and development projects. This study is expected to be a reference material for energy specialists, airport stakeholders, and policymakers.

Public perceptions on net zero energy houses in Japan

AbstractFor Japan, which has not operated nearly all of its nuclear power plants since 2011 and is dependent on thermal power generation, the introduction of renewable energy into homes is extremely important for the future formation of a sustainable society. However, the introduction of net zero energy house (ZEH) in detached houses, which account for 55% of all dwellings in Japan, has not progressed. To promote the introduction of ZEH, this study clarified the awareness of owners of detached houses regarding ZEH. We analyzed factors that influence such perception of solar photovoltaics (PV) technology using a 1000-sample online survey questionnaire. The survey was conducted in late January 2020 and included questions examining the public perception of solar installation and factors that were found to be important in previous research. We found that Japanese respondents who live in detached houses generally lack an understanding of renewables and that the level of interest in installing solar PV for the ZEH is low. We also found that awareness of renewables, such as knowing new energy policy and searching information on solar PV, is the critical factor of installing renewables. At the same time, most socio-demographic and neighborhood variables seem not to influence installing solar PV or other technologies for ZEH. This research will contribute to the Japanese government’s goal of strengthening education on renewable energy to promote ZEH.

Solar potential for social benefit: Maps to sustainably address energy poverty utilizing open spatial data in data poor settings

Access to affordable sustainable energy is a significant challenge for many lowincome countries experiencing energy poverty. The United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 aims to “ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.” Simultaneously, the European Union (EU) seeks to reduce emissions by 55 % by 2030. Decarbonization policies must be carefully considered to avoid adverse effects on vulnerable groups experiencing energy poverty. Solar technology offers a viable solution to decarbonize the building sector, reduce energy dependence on fossil fuels, and provide financial benefits to the public. Mapping solar potential is crucial to determine where investment in solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is most advantageous to the populations who stand to benefit the most. We combine a solar potential mapping approach incorporating socio-economic indicators indicative of energy poverty, using off-the-shelf Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools that are easily replicated across cities facing energy poverty. Utilizing lowest common denominator data and analysis approaches, we offer creative and innovative mapping solutions. The socio-economic factors help to contextualise the benefits of distributed PV systems and highlight the need for mapping solar potential, in combination with energy poverty indicators for sustainable planning and policymaking. Our results for a case study in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria, demonstrate high solar energy potential that could meet 29 % of the city's electricity needs, save citizens about M€ 43.84 annually, and pinpoint where to invest first for the highest gains. Finally, we offer suggestions on how to use these results to inform decarbonization policies to benefit low-income populations that are often missed in existing energy policies.

The effects of solar insolation and cloud opacity on the optimum array size for a direct-coupled solar pumping system

The widespread adoption of solar photovoltaic pumping technology requires pertinent information on the sizing and design of these systems. This research investigated how the ratio of photovoltaic array peak power to motor power consumption, solar insolation and cloud opacity affects the water yield of a direct-coupled solar PV pumping system. The specific aim was to estimate the optimum photovoltaic power to motor power consumption (OPVM) ratio for a 3 W DC pump under Jamaican weather conditions. The PVM ratio is the ratio of peak array power to nominal motor power consumption. Four experimental direct coupled solar pumping systems were set up and the water yield for each measured daily for thirty days. Each system was identical in every respect except each having a different solar array peak power. The findings show that there is a strong correlation (Pearson coefficient of −0.903) between solar insolation and the optimum photovoltaic power to motor power consumption ratio. Additionally, there was found to be a strong correlation between average cloud opacity and optimum photovoltaic power to motor power consumption ratio (Pearson coefficient of 0.899). Both correlations were shown to be statistically significant, with both yielding p-values <0.001. The findings of the correlation analysis indicate that a relatively large PVM ratio would be economical when used on a site that regularly receives relatively low insolation and heavy cloud cover. Finally, the daily optimum photovoltaic power to motor power consumption ratio ranged from approximately 2.3 to 5.0. Generally, it was observed that the OPVM ratio shifted below 2.4 on clear sunny days and above 4.0 on very cloudy days. While these conclusions may not exactly extrapolate to scales of practical application, performance metrics of larger systems are expected to bear some similarity. Being guided by these results, additional studies at these larger scales are recommended.

Optimal sizing of standalone hybrid renewable energy system based on reliability indicator: A case study

The economical electrification of rural settlements extensively utilizes renewable energy sources. In recent years, the deployment of solar photovoltaic, wind turbine, and biomass gasifier-based power generation technologies for electricity accessibility in remote regions has received greater prominence. This paper presents an optimal component design of a hybrid solar PV-wind and battery system along with a biomass gasifier to provide continuous electricity for rural communities of Uttarakhand, India. In this study, a recently developed population-based giza pyramids construction (GPC) methodology is applied to determine the optimal component sizing. The findings of the GPC method are contrasted with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) methodology to assess the effectiveness of the proposed method. The annualized system cost and levelized cost of energy of the hybrid renewable energy system have been minimized subject to technical reliability indicators such as loss of power supply probability and renewable fraction.Moreover, a systematic exploration of the system has been conducted to assess its optimal feasibility across different values of power loss probability ranging from (0% to 4%). The simulation indicates that the proposed method adeptly identifies globally optimal values, leading to a $177 decrease in annual cost and 8% reduction in average simulation time compared to PSO. The research reveals that the balanced point (relative attainment), where system reliability and cost-effectiveness intersect optimally, is achieved at a 3% power loss level, resulting in the most significant cost reduction of $199 compared to other probability levels.

Planning and design of an architectural energy supply system based on photovoltaic-thermal technology

China’s building energy consumption is growing and the energy consumption of the whole process of buildings accounts for more than 46.5% of the country’s total energy consumption, of which the proportion of energy consumption used for heating, ventilation and air conditioning is as high as 50%. Solar energy has the greatest potential to achieve energy conservation in buildings. Buildings are the best carrier for solar energy utilization because of the advantages of local collection and local application. The combination of solar energy and buildings can meet a variety of energy and health needs in buildings, among which solar photovoltaic and CSP building integration technology is an important way to reduce building energy consumption and improve indoor air quality. This article presents a PV/T-based thermal storage wall system that efficiently utilizes solar energy. It outlines the PV/T technology’s fundamental principles and provides a detailed description of the system’s construction and operation, highlighting critical components like the solid thermal storage medium and heat transfer via a heat pump. The analysis indicates improved energy utilization and favorable economic feasibility. This technology offers a practical solution for the construction industry, promoting sustainable energy practices and environmental conservation.

Energy Assessment &amp; Comparative Study of Mono and Poly Solar PV Technologies Using Advanced PVsyst Software

This study evaluates and compares the energy output of mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies, under specific climatic conditions, with the help of advanced PVsyst software. This study aims to provide realizations into selecting the most effective PV technology by considering specific climatic and geographical conditions. In this study, monthly and yearly output energy, along with performance ratios, are evaluated for two conditions: firstly, for a 10.23KWp system, and subsequently, for a 58.2m² solar panel area. Both conditions demonstrate that mono-crystalline solar PV technology consistently outperforms poly-crystalline technology in terms of monthly and yearly output energy as well as performance ratio. Specifically, mono-crystalline panels generate 78 kWh more electricity annually in a 10.23 KWp system and 2469 kWh more in a system based on a specified PV module area. Additionally, they exhibit high-performance ratios in both scenarios. These findings strongly advocate for the preference of mono-crystalline technology within this region. Furthermore, the study offers valuable insights for addressing similar energy challenges in regions with comparable conditions, as far as solar panels energy outputs are affected by the climate conditions at most; so that for similar climate conditions in region would be effective. This research significantly contributes to facilitating well-informed decision-making processes, thereby augmenting energy accessibility.

ASSESSMENT OF SOLAR PV OUTPUT PERFORMANCE WITH VARYING TILT ANGLES AND WEATHER DATA FROM ERA5: CASE OF MUNTINLUPA CITY, PHILIPPINES

Abstract. Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology has been gaining popularity in the Philippines as an alternative source of sustainable energy. In such technology, module tilt angle and weather conditions are among the system parameters that have substantial impacts on PV system performance. Previous studies have considered either tilt angles or weather conditions, but not the combined impact of these two parameters on solar PV power output. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of weather variables and tilt angle on the output of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in Muntinlupa City, the Philippines. Three 120W monocrystalline solar PV panels were used and set up to three different tilt angles (i.e., 5°, 10°, and 15°). The fifth generation of the ECMWF's global climate and weather reanalysis (ERA5) dataset was used to gather hourly weather information such as surface solar radiation, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, ambient temperature, and total precipitation. Three principal components (PC), which together account for 95% of the variability, were identified using principal components analysis (PCA), which was used to address multicollinearity among the weather parameters. To assess the effects of tilt angle, time, and PCs on solar PV production, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was carried out. Results show that all weather variables, except for wind speed and total precipitation, have a significant impact on solar PV production with configuration producing the best results. Moreover, a significant difference in mean solar PV production was observed among the three tilt angles. From 6:00 AM to 2:00 PM, solar PV output gradually increases and declines thereafter. Outputs this study can help in optimizing the design and configuration of solar PV systems in the Philippines by considering weather variables and module tilt angle. Lastly, this study provides useful information for system designers, installers, and policymakers in improving energy generation and utilization, encouraging the use of renewable energy sources, and advancing sustainable energy objectives.

Enhancing Heliostat Field Performance: A Comprehensive Study on Optical Efficiency and Annual Thermal Power

The many advantages of solar photovoltaic technology make it bound to be commercially competitive in the coming years, and its development is strategically important. The parameters of the heliostat field, including the positional coordinates of the absorber tower, the size and mounting height of the heliostat mirrors, as well as the number and position of the heliostat mirrors, are designed according to the requirement of the rated annual average thermal power output of 60 MW so that the heliostat field will have the largest possible annual average thermal power output per unit of mirror area under the condition of reaching the rated power. Larger sizes and higher mounting heights of heliostats help to capture more solar energy and thus increase the annual average output thermal power per mirror area. The efficiency and output thermal power of heliostats of different sizes and mounting heights are evaluated by simulating the numerical calculation method and the best combination is found.

Exploring the Feasibility of Solar Photovoltaic Generation for Residential Applications in Hubballi, Karnataka: A Simulation and Analysis Approach

This research paper explores the potential of solar photovoltaic (PV) generation in Hubballi, Karnataka, India, focusing on a small residential home premises. The objective is to assess the solar PV potential at this location using PVsyst simulation software and analyze the results. The paper begins with an introduction to solar PV technology and its significance in meeting energy demands. A literature review examines previous studies on solar PV potential in Karnataka, highlighting the factors influencing solar PV generation efficiency. The methodology section describes the study area, data collection methods, and the PVsyst simulation setup. The data analysis section presents the collected solar irradiation and temperature data and discusses the simulation results for solar PV generation at the selected premises. The performance evaluation of the PV system is based on the simulation outcomes. The discussion section compares the simulated results with expected solar PV potential, identifies factors affecting solar PV generation efficiency in Hubballi, and discusses the implications of the findings for residential installations. The conclusion summarizes the research findings, emphasizes the solar PV potential in Hubballi, and provides recommendations for future research and practical applications. This research contributes to the understanding of solar PV generation at the specific location of Hubballi and offers valuable insights for promoting renewable energy in residential settings

Research on the Cold Storage Characteristics of Ice Storage Photovoltaic Cold Storage

The ice-on-coil storage tank is one of the core devices in the latent heat cold storage system. The main objective of this study is to couple the solar photovoltaic cold storage with Cold Thermal Energy Storage technology. The internal ice-melting coil energy storage system used the water as a heat transfer fluid for adopting a day and night cold storage control strategy. The experiments were conducted for several days under the conditions of photovoltaic-driven cold storage with and without load for a continuous cold storage. The reasons for the occurrence of ice layers during ice accumulation and melting, as well as the operational economy of the system were analyzed. Moreover, the characteristics of the cold storage tank were summarized. Consequently, when the external ice thickness of the coil was within the range of 27 to 32mm, the ice storage rate reached 35.82% and achieved the optimal refrigeration efficiency in both the coil and the cold storage. The daily ice production in the cold storage tank decreased by an average of 22.06% during continuous operation with load compared to the unloaded operation. However, the daily refrigeration capacity increased by 45.774%. In addition, when cold thermal energy storage was coupled with solar photovoltaic technology, the refrigeration capacity decreased by 7.15% compared to using Cold Thermal Energy Storage technology alone, which resulting in an annual electricity cost saving of 30.20%.

Fostering solar hybrid cooling systems in MENA region: A techno-economic and emission reduction assessment

Solar driven cooling system is a promising and sustainable substitute for conventional cooling systems to soften the impact of energy deficit and environmental degradation. In this study, a solar hybrid cooling system for an institutional building is investigated, which combines solar photovoltaic (PV) technology with traditional vapor compression systems and/or absorption cooling systems. The performance of the proposed solar hybrid cooling system is simulated and compared at four (04) locations in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: Riyadh (Saudia Arabia), Dubai (United Arab Emirates), Doha (Qatar), and Jaww (Bahrain), with different cooling system configurations from technical, economic, and environmental standpoints. The simulation findings show that the solar driven absorption chiller reduces the maximum CO2 emissions by 42.7% in Riyadh, while the solar driven compressor system gives a maximum Greenhouse gas emissions reduction (99.1%) for the location of Dubai. To determine the most practical design in terms of economics, metrics such as net present value, payback, and benefit–cost ratio (BCR) and several cooling scenarios are also rigorously studied. According to model findings, the solar absorption cooling system presented the most feasible scenario with the shortest payback of 5.8 years, the highest internal rate of return (IRR) of 38.8%, and BCR of 5.4% for the location of Dubai, and the same trend holds for all other locations. Conversely, the solar-powered vapor compression system was the least suitable option for Riyadh city, with the longest payback period of 21.9 years, the lowest IRR of 2.4, and a BCR of −0.06. In addition, optimization results show that ground mounted PV systems outperform building integrated PV (BIPV) systems owing to their higher capacity factor: 21% in case of PV and 12.8% in case of BIPV systems.

Perception and Knowledge of Solar Photovoltaic Technology in Climate Change Mitigation by Households in Embu County, Kenya

Climatic changes continue to impact our ecosystems and livelihoods globally. In the past few decades, have experienced an increase in unpredictable and extreme weather events, precipitating to the three planetary crises of biodiversity loss, climate change and pollution. Embu County in Kenya has not been spared from the resultant climate change impacts. Although globally solar energy is promoted as a sustainable source of energy, its uptake in Embu County remains low. The study sought to assess the uptake of solar photovoltaic technology by households in climate change mitigation and identify the determinants of solar photovoltaic technology uptake. Cross sectional data from a sample size of 395 households in Mbeere- north Sub County in Embu County was collected using data collection tools including questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Purposive and simple random sampling was employed to select the respondents for inclusion in the study. After data collection, qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods were employed to analyze the data including SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences). The results indicate an overall increasing temperature and overall decreasing rainfall in Embu County. Income demonstrated a greater influence compared to other factors in determining the decision to adopt solar appliances at p =0.397. A significant proportion of respondents (36.9%) reported having limited awareness of climate change and its impacts. Social and mass media were main sources of climate information. There was a positive significant correlation between respondents who displayed awareness of climate change and its impacts and the adoption of solar energy and awareness on solar energy adoption as a solution to climate change at p values of 0.348 and 0.140. The results assisted in assessing the uptake of solar photovoltaic in climate change mitigation in Embu County and identify the determinants driving households on the uptake of solar photovoltaic technology.

Method for Spatiotemporal Solar Power Profile Estimation for a Proposed U.S.–Caribbean–South America Super Grid under Hurricanes

Solar photovoltaic (PV) generation technology stands out as a scalable and cost-effective solution to enable the transition toward decarbonization. However, PV solar output, beyond the daily solar irradiance variability and unavailability during nights, is very sensitive to weather events like hurricanes. Hurricanes nucleate massive amounts of clouds around their centers, shading hundreds of kilometers in their path, reducing PV power output. This research proposes a spatiotemporal method, implemented in MATLAB R2023b coding, to estimate the shading effect of hurricanes over a wide distribution of PV solar plants connected to a high-voltage power infrastructure called the U.S.–Caribbean–South America super grid. The complete interconnection of the U.S., the Caribbean, and South America results in the lowest power valley levels, i.e., an overall percentual reduction in PV power output caused by hurricane shading. The simulations assess the impact of hurricanes in 10 synthetic trajectories spanning from Texas to Florida. The Caribbean would also experience lower power valleys with expanded interconnectivity schemes. The U.S.–Caribbean–South America super grid reduces Caribbean variability from 37.8% to 8.9% in the case study. The proposed spatiotemporal method for PV power profile estimation is a valuable tool for future solar power generation expansion, transmission planning, and system design considering the impact of hurricanes.

Recent Progress in Floating Solar Photovoltaic Systems: A Review from Malaysia’s Perspective

Floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) technology has been gaining popularity in various parts of the world to address the growing clean energy demand and land scarcity challenges posed by conventional solar PV installations. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the recent progress in FPV research and actual implementations, highlighting advancements, challenges, and future prospects in this dynamic and promising field in Malaysia.

The Role of Renewable Energies for Sustainable Energy Governance and Environmental Policies for the Mitigation of Climate Change in Nigeria

In response to the escalating global challenges posed by climate change, this research investigates the role of renewable energies in shaping sustainable energy governance and environmental policies for climate change mitigation in Nigeria. The study underscores the pivotal relationship between renewable energies and governance structures, emphasizing the need for innovative policy approaches. In Nigeria, a country grappling with a surge in energy demand, particularly in densely populated urban areas, this research delves into the current state of renewable energy adoption, technological aspects, and the policy and regulatory frameworks governing its integration. The study scrutinizes the technological aspects of solar, wind, hydropower, and biomass energy in Nigeria, exploring advancements in solar photovoltaic, hydropower, bioenergy, and geothermal technologies. Additionally, it dissects the nation's policy landscape, assessing key initiatives such as the National Energy Policy, the National Policy and Guidelines on Renewable Electricity, and Feed-in Tariffs. Furthermore, the research examines the alignment of environmental policies with renewable energy goals, highlighting the importance of targets, incentives, and regulatory frameworks. It also scrutinizes incentives for sustainable practices in Nigeria, including investment tax credits, the Renewable Energy Development Fund, and concessional import duty rates for renewable equipment. The study assesses the impact of renewable energy initiatives in Nigeria, gauging investment trends, ongoing projects, and the effectiveness of policy frameworks. It also delves into the economic, social, and environmental co-benefits of renewable energy projects, emphasizing their role in job creation, investment attraction, and reduction in energy costs. Finally, the research evaluates the effectiveness of renewable energy initiatives in reducing the nation's carbon footprint and fostering environmental sustainability. It highlights progress in achieving climate change mitigation goals through increased renewable energy capacity, policy frameworks, and off-grid electrification initiatives.

A Comprehensive Review of Partial Shading Analysis in a Solar PV Array

The global transition to sustainable energy sources has spotlighted the pivotal role of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology in mitigating environmental impacts and fostering a clean energy future. However, the efficiency and reliability of solar PV arrays are significantly affected by partial shading conditions, where specific portions of the array receive reduced sunlight. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the importance of analyzing solar PV arrays under partial shading conditions, exploring economic, technological, environmental, and regulatory dimensions. This review paper provides a holistic understanding of why the scrutiny of solar PV arrays under partial shading conditions is indispensable. By synthesizing existing knowledge, the paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the importance of this research domain, calling for continued exploration and innovation in the quest for a sustainable and efficient solar energy landscape Key Words: Introduction , Related work

Optimize and analyze a large-scale grid-tied solar PV-powered SWRO system for sustainable water-energy nexus

The lack of clean water and access to energy are two major obstacles to global sustainable systems. The development of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology gained the attention of water desalination projects due to its cost decline, carbon-free emission, and the on-site energy production. However, studies on in-depth analysis of the performance of these systems remain rare. This study performs a comprehensive a design optimization and seven-factor analysis (energy, exergy, economic, environmental, energoeconomic, exergoeconomic, enviroeconomic - 7E) of a grid-tied PV system powering a large-scale seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant. First, an optimal design model is developed based on real hourly measured data for the SWRO load demand and renewable resources, while considering net energy metering mechanism. The objective function is delineated to diminish the energy cost of the system, concomitant with the imposition of operational constraints. Second, an analytical model is established to perform exergetic calculations for the optimal design. Third, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to show how the model parameters affect the system design and costs. The results show that the optimal system relies on a 4.25 MW solar PV array and a 3.125 MW grid-tied inverter. This configuration reduces the levelized cost of energy by 48.3 % and carbon emissions by 50 % compared to a grid-only system. The implementation of net-metering has also maximized the designed system's revenues to 263,834 $/year. Further, the optimally designed system achieves a lower levelized cost of water (0.2217 $/m3), minimal capacity shortage, and negligible unmet load ratios (0.048 %) despite grid outages. From the exergetic assessment, the proposed system has a high exergy efficiency (9.3 %) which can be achieved despite the high value of the exergy loss. Moreover, the energoeconomic and exergoeconomic indicators have recorded tiny values (3.35E-5 kWh/$ and 0.0311 kWh/$, respectively), which are considered a desired outcome. Notably, a profit of 4285.4$ is achieved through the sale of carbon emissions reduction. The sensitivity analysis revealed an increase in the system's total cost of 4.91 % and 9.36 % and the system's energy cost of 4.91 % and 8.7 % if the energy purchase price raised by 10 % and 20 %, respectively. Also, it indicates that a fall in the electricity sellback rate of 10 % would remarkably raise the system's energy cost by 47.3 %. Finally, reducing the PV-Inverter costs by 15 % would drop the system's net present and energy costs by 51.4 % and 60 %, respectively. Overall, the insights from this study have the potential to expedite the realization of sustainable development goals 6, 7, and 13, particularly in developing nations abundant in solar energy resources.

Application of DSO algorithm for estimating the parameters of triple diode model-based solar PV system

Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) technology advancements are primarily aimed at decarbonizing and enhancing the resiliency of the energy grid. Incorporating SPV is one of the ways to achieve the goal of energy efficiency. Because of the nonlinearity, modeling of SPV is a very difficult process. Identification of variables in a lumped electric circuit model is required for accurate modeling of the SPV system. This paper presents a new state-of-the-art control technique based on human artefacts dubbed Drone Squadron Optimization for estimating 15 parameters of a three-diode equivalent model solar PV system. The suggested method simulates a nonlinear relationship between the P–V and I–V performance curves, lowering the difference between experimental and calculated data. To evaluate the adaptive performance in every climatic state, two different test cases with commercial PV cells, RTC France and photo watt-201, are used. The proposed method provides a more accurate parameter estimate. To validate the recommended approach's performance, the data are compared to the results of the most recent and powerful methodologies in the literature. For the RTC and PWP Photo Watt Cell, the DSO technique has the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 6.7776 × 10–4 and 0.002310324 × 10–4, respectively.