Solar Gain Research Articles

Comparing the roles of climate, predation and phylogeography in driving wing colour variation in Ranchman’s tiger moth (Arctia virginalis)

Abstract In Lepidoptera, as an explanation for darker phenotypes occurring in colder areas, wing melanism has been proposed to increase solar thermal gain. Alternatively, trade-offs with aposematic signalling and ultraviolet protection have been proposed as explanations for variation in melanism. To investigate the roles of temperature, humidity, solar radiation and predation in driving melanism in the Ranchman’s tiger moth (Arctia virginalis), we characterized wing melanism in 23 populations across the range. We also conducted predation experiments using artificial moths and carried out genetic analyses to examine population structure and to test whether wing coloration was hereditary. We found that wing melanism was positively associated with mean temperature during the flight season, which was the best predictor of melanism rates. Wing melanism also exhibited a negative association with humidity and a weak positive association with insolation. We also found two loci weakly associated with wing melanism and showed that melanism is likely to be highly hereditary but not closely associated with population differentiation. Our results contrast with previous findings that melanism is associated with colder conditions and higher predation risk and suggest that humidity and protection against ultraviolet radiation are potential drivers of variation in wing melanism that have been overlooked.

Solar Angle Model for Daylight Redirection in Prismatic Panel

An advanced complex fenestration system can utilize uniform daylight. Nonetheless, an inefficient design would increase solar heat gain and indoor temperatures, besides uneven light distribution that would cause the "cave effect." Prismatic panels are widely used as complex fenestration systems, providing uniform daylight. This paper proposes a computational model that integrates optical principles like Snell's law with environmental variables and visualizes the performance of prismatic panels in terms of redirection angle while encountering the prism refractive index and geometry at the specified geographic location. The proposed model entails a prismatic panel as a daylight system for redirecting daylight. In contrast to detailed modeling needed for simulation in software programs like Radiance, this computational tool provides a more straightforward and efficient solution for the initial design of light redirection panels that rely on the principle of refraction and evaluate their annual performance based on the angle of deviation. The model's applicability has been demonstrated by utilizing various triangular prism design examples with diverse materials in Frankfurt and Helsinki.

Investigation of vacuum-integrated switchable polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing for smart window application for less energy-hungry building

The presence of more than one transparency and controllable intermediate transmission between ON and OFF states make the switchable smart glazing more attractive for less energy-hungry building integration than a static transparent window. However, to enable this switchable glazing for cold climatic buildings, overall heat transfer through the glazing needs to be reduced. In this work, the thermal and optical performance of integrated polymer dispersed liquid crystal and low heat loss transparent vacuum glazing was investigated using indoor characterisation. Two systems were developed where PDLC glazing was sandwiched between a vacuum and one acrylic sheet (Vacuum-PDLCA) and vacuum and glass (Vacuum-PDLCG). The employment of acrylic sheets reduced 21% of the overall weight of the system which made it suitable for retrofit building integration. Use of acrylic reduced 35% of solar transmission of PDLC ON state compared to the use of glass. Overall heat transfer coefficient (U-value) or thermal transmittance was below 1.1 W/m2K for all Vacuum -PDLCG and Vacuum-PDLCA ON and OFF states. Solar heat gain coefficient or solar energy transmittance was highest at 0.45 for the Vacuum-PDLCG ON state and lowest at 0.23 for the Vacuum-PDLCA OFF state.

Envelope design for thermal performance in residential buildings under hot arid climate conditions

In a typical hot arid climate, heat gains throughout the building envelope are responsible for more than 70% of the total thermal load. Furthermore, the thermal behavior of a building depends on the formal and constructive choices implemented in the envelope design. Since the envelope is exposed to outdoor conditions, it is crucial to give a major interest to the thermal characteristics of its structural components (i.e., walls, roof and windows). These elements are in charge of thermal exchanges between the building and its environment that occurs by heat transmission, thermal heat storage, solar heat gain and air infiltration. In return, implementing proper climatic responsive design strategies could potentially improve the envelope thermal performance while significantly reducing the building’s energy needs. The present study addresses the thermal behavior of the envelope under hot arid climate conditions by focusing on residential buildings. The research was conductuted in the city of Biskra (Algeria); it deals with the thermal investigation of the urban individual self-produced houses as the most widespread housing type in Ageria. The study explores the potential of improving the climatic adaptability of the envelope while respecting the specific characteristics of this self-produced dwelling. To achieve this goal, optimization scenarios of the building envelope were examined by implementing a set of selected passive design strategies. The process of optimisation was initiated by performing a simulation using TRNSYS 17 software, followed by a sensitivity analysis of the envelope design elements relating to their material characteristics (architectural and constructive to evaluate their effect in regulating indoor air temperatures and providing comfort condition. The results demonstrate significant improvements in the thermal responsive of the envelope and a consequent decrease in indoor temperatures. Moreover, the study defines the most prominent strategies in the process of optimization of the envelope. Accordingly, using suitable constructive systems and materials for walls and roofs in addition to adequate orientation and judicious ratios of openings, while implementing insulation and exterior light colors found to be the most efficient design strategies.

Assessing and mitigating overheating risk in existing Canadian school buildings under extreme current and future climates

Canadian buildings have been primarily designed to withstand cold and long winters, not hot summers. With climate change and the increase in the intensity and severity of heatwaves, it has become important to investigate overheating in buildings. However, there are limited studies on assessing and mitigating the overheating risk in existing buildings that house vulnerable populations in cold climates, especially in Canada. This paper provides a framework for the systematic assessment of overheating risks and the development of passive mitigation strategies to reduce the overheating risks without increasing cooling energy consumption under current and future climates with simulation models that are calibrated based on measured indoor air temperatures and outdoor weather conditions. The framework is applied to a school building built in 1958. The calibrated building model achieved an RMSE of less than 0.6 °C compared with measurements, a Maximum-Absolute-Difference of less than 1.9 °C, and a 1 °C Percentage-Error of less than 10 %. The simulation results from the calibrated model predicted 110 overheating hours during the year 2020. The use of exterior blind roll or a combination of night cooling and other mitigation measures that reduce solar heat gain can achieve acceptable thermal conditions. In 2044 (the future extreme midterm year), night cooling with the exterior blind roll shading would be required during extreme heat events. Whereas during 2090 (the future long-term extreme year), additional mitigation measures such as a cool roof may be required to achieve an acceptable level of thermal conditions in the school.

Evaluation of Building Energy Savings Achievable with an Attached Bioclimatic Greenhouse: Parametric Analysis and Solar Gain Control Techniques

Bioclimatic solar greenhouses are passive solar systems of relevant interest in the building sector, as they allow the reduction of energy needs related to air-conditioning. The aim of this work is to analyze the thermal behavior of a bioclimatic solar greenhouse attached to a residential building. It is equipped with photovoltaic solar blinds (SPBs) to manage solar inputs and produce electricity. Automated control systems are implemented to activate the vents and SPBs. The parametric performance analysis conducted using the dynamic simulation software EnergyPlus allowed the evaluation of the influence of glass type, thermal mass, size, ventilation and location. The results show how the automation of the vents allows the maximization of heat exchange throughout the year, leading to a reduction in consumption even during the summer period. Analyses conducted for some cities in the Mediterranean area show that the maximum energy saving obtained is greater than 13%; in addition, photovoltaic solar shading contributes to the production of more than 1000 kWh/year of electricity.

Evaluation of the solar heat gain coefficient of innovative aerogel glazing systems: Experimental campaigns and numerical results

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) has a significant impact on heating and cooling loads throughout transparent and translucent building elements., very few studies dealing with the estimation of SHGC are available in the literature for innovative highly insulating solutions, such as aerogel-based windows, and data in general lack accuracy and are based on inaccurate optical information. The present paper proposes a new analytical model aiming at calculating the solar factor of innovative granular aerogel-filled glazing systems. A dynamic heat transfer model, based on the energy balance equation, was developed and solved in the Simulink/Matlab environment. An experimental field set up at pilot scale was also used in order to try to validate the simulation model. Two aerogel-based glazing solutions (AGS1 and AGS2), different for the camera filling, and a standard glazing system (SGS) were installed and monitored under real climatic conditions in October 2020, January, and September 2021. During the experimental campaigns, the SHGC of the three solutions was calculated, by using a simplified equation based on laboratory scale characterization of the samples and on temperatures and solar radiation measured in situ. The SHGC of the three samples was evaluated by means of simulations (SM) and field measurement (FM) procedure and compared with estimated values, when available. Both experimental and simulation results for SGS are in very good agreement with the actual SHGC value, allowing a validation of the simulation and of the experimental approach (maximum differences in the 1–3% range). For AGS1, SM results are closer than the experimental data to the value estimated with EN 410:2011. For AGS2, a comparison with the reference standard was not possible because the method could not be applied. In general, the values obtained for the SM method are higher than the ones of FM one, with differences in the 22–28% range. The disagreement could be related to the surface temperatures measured on the glazing panes, which are not very reliable in an experimental field. However, the SM method seems to be more suitable because less influenced by the weather conditions. • New analytical model for calculating solar factor of granular aerogel glazing systems. • Dynamic heat transfer model developed in Simulink/Matlab environment. • Experimental field set up at a pilot scale for the model validation. • Satisfactory agreement between some experimental and simulated data.

Use of sunspaces to obtain energy savings by preheating the intake air of the ventilation system: Analysis of its main characteristics in the different Spanish climate zones

Novel solutions need to be further developed to continue to improve the energy efficiency of buildings achieved over the last few decades. One of these innovative systems is the use of sunspaces to preheat the ventilation intake air and reduce heating consumption. The main goal of this research is to determine the optimal configuration of these sunspaces. For that purpose, a prototype was built to calibrate a simulation model. Once validated, the model was used to calculate the energy savings obtained with 96 sunspace configurations in the different Spanish climate zones. Different key factors were analyzed and the optimal configurations were established in each zone. The results show that, although these systems are based on solar gains, a low thermal transmittance of the glazing has a higher impact on the energy savings than a high solar heat gain coefficient. In addition, introducing inertia tanks is not convenient when the ventilation includes a heat recovery system. While combining sunspaces with heat recovery ventilation is not interesting in warmer climates; in cold climates, heat recovery becomes a determining factor to reduce energy consumption. The use of sunspaces is more efficient as the winter severity increases: while in the warmest Spanish climate zone, only 2.51 kWh·m −2 ·year −1 savings are achieved; in the coldest zone, 39.54 kWh·m −2 ·year −1 savings are obtained, which represents important energy savings of 60%. This research contributes to evaluating and quantifying the impact of key variables on the design, configuration, and operation of sunspaces to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. • Sunspaces to heat ventilation air entail great energy savings if properly designed. • A energy simulation model for sunspaces was validated with experimental results. • Savings of 96 sunspace configurations were quantified for different climatic zones. • Optimal sunspace configurations for maximum energy savings have been established. • In the coldest Spanish climatic zone savings of 60% in heating were achieved.

Energy efficiency of solar shading structures of the rectangle type in the climate conditions of Hanoi and Moscow

Introduction. The article presents the results of calculating the energy efficiency of windows using a sun protection structure (SZK) of the rectangle type for buildings facing the southeast direction in the climatic conditions of the cities of Hanoi and Moscow, using the new proposed method described in Evaluation of the energy efficiency of a window system with a П-type sunshade. In the conditions of Vietnam, for buildings with a southeast orientation (southwest orientation), the use of a rectangular SZK is considered the most appropriate.
 
 Materials and methods. the calculations are based on the projection of the sunbeam when calculating a part of the window area in the shade, considering the coefficient of reducing the irradiance of diffuse solar radiation by a shading device. In the presence of the shading device, there is a reduction in the intensity of diffuse solar radiation, which is represented by the coefficient Kbt. This coefficient was determined by experiments and proposed by regression equations. A computer program for calculating SZK was created to facilitate evaluation and design practice.
 
 Results. The article analyzes the effectiveness of rectangular sun protection divice, compared with a egg-crate shaped structure. Solar heat gain q through the southeastern window was calculated for the two types of SZK mentioned above with solar radiation data from Hanoi and Moscow.
 
 Conclusions. The results of the study show that the energy efficiency of the egg-crate shaped SZK is marginally better than the rectangle-type SZK for both cities. Rectangle-type SZK prove to be a good solution for building windows oriented to the east and south-east directions due to their simplicity.

Effect of Window Openable Area and Shading on Indoor Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency in Residential Buildings with Various Operating Modes

Solar heat gain and natural ventilation cooling of the indoor environment in buildings are highly influenced by the shading and openable area of windows. In addition to the ambient condition, the Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system’s mode of use can affect the windows’ performance, especially when multiple modes are used in combination (mixed-mode). Although many studies have investigated the mixed-mode application, their conditions for starting/shutting down HVAC equipment and controlling window ventilation are inconsistent with the relevant codes. Here, we propose a mixed-mode operation that resolves the gap between the air conditioning operation temperature and the adaptive comfort upper temperature. It investigates residential buildings’ indoor thermal environment and energy efficiency by combining the effective ventilation opening area ratio (REV) and shading design. Simulation results show that our mixed-mode can reduce the indoor overheating hours by about 50% and the building’s energy consumption by about 50%. We thereby conclude that the openable area of exterior windows in residential buildings in Chongqing should not be less than 10% of the room’s floor axis area where the exterior windows are located. In general, our study expands the existing knowledge of passive energy-saving measures and provides a method for further research on building energy design in hot summer and cold winter regions.

Applications of Smart Material to Enhance Daylighting as a tool to Improve Sustainability of Atriums

Applications for smart building materials include making them more environmentally friendly, better able to suit user needs, and less likely to cause environmental issues. This kind of material has been suggested recently, following great scientific advancements and novel sustainable architecture techniques, as smart materials that allow controlled transmission of light and heat into the building and remove some of the traditional limitations in window application, smart material technologies are key feature competitiveness of the twenty-first century. Modern construction materials are capable of achieving great levels of utility, “Smart materials” will play a crucial role in building technology development; These materials that are part of an intelligent structural system, have the ability to sense its environment, so smart materials can function like living systems, An important element of an architectural design strategy that is environmentally sustainable is the use of daylight as part of an integrated, controlled lighting strategy. For well-designed structures, the atrium could be a significant source of daylight. It also offers other environmental advantages such as solar energy gain, reduced energy loss, and natural ventilation. The major elements of the atrium for the daylight design are a system of skylights and windows to provide daylight levels in the spaces adjacent to the atrium.

From Direct Solar Gain to Trombe Wall: An Overview on Past, Present and Future Developments

The energy crisis, the risk of interruptions or irregular supplies of conventional energy carriers, and the need to protect the environment stimulate the search for new solutions to improve the heat balance of buildings with the use of solar energy. In this paper, direct and indirect solar gain systems integrated with the building envelope are discussed. In the context of the identified operational problems, the evolution of the classic Trombe wall was shown in the period 1967–2022. Modifications to the windows and Trombe wall proposed in the reviewed works can significantly reduce the risk of an insufficient supply of heat in the winter season. This review also indicates the impact of climate conditions on the decision-making process involved in the selection of the Trombe wall design with respect to energy–effects optimization. The insufficient thermal insulating capacity of Trombe walls has been diagnosed as the reason why they do not enjoy much popularity in cold and moderate climates. As the main directions of development of solar gains systems, the search for solutions that maximize solar gains while ensuring high standards of thermal insulation and the implementation of intelligent technologies were indicated.

Evaluation of the thermal performance of traditional courtyard houses in a warm humid climate: Colima, Mexico

With the recent need to decrease energy use and promote indoor thermal comfort in overheating conditions, attention has been drawn to the passive cooling function of courtyards. This paper aims to determine the effect of proportions and orientations of courtyards on the indoor thermal performance of traditional houses in a warm, humid region so that this could guide further improvement and reinterpretation of this building type. The results of this parametric study were obtained through computer simulations of different cases with the aim to determine the influence of orientation, courtyard size and proportions on the indoor thermal energy balance and thermal comfort of a traditional building in a warm-humid region. Rather than promote passive cooling in the building, the findings suggest that the courtyard greatly increases solar heat gain, raising the temperature during the day. Higher solar heat gains and ventilation rates were observed in the courtyard cases with greater width and length. Nevertheless, this does not cause important differences in the average operative temperature of the entire building between the cases. As for orientation, lower heat gains were obtained in courtyards with the long axis-oriented east to west. Regardless of the cases, the study finally emphasizes the importance of the inhabitants controlling the opening of windows in the enclosed rooms since this could decrease the temperature by 1.1 °C from night to the early morning (23.00 hrs to 11.00hrs) and thus influence its thermal comfort. Conversely, opening the windows outside that time-lapse could cause an increase in temperature and more hours above the upper comfort limit.

Ultra‐Robust Joule‐Heated Superhydrophobic Smart Window: Dually‐Switching Droplets Adhesion and Transparency via In Situ Electric‐Actuated Reconfigurable Shape‐Memory Shutters

AbstractSlippery liquid‐impregnated porous surfaces (SLIPS) based smart windows (SWs) that dynamically fine‐tune the solar energy gain are promising candidates for alleviating the global energy crisis, especially for dim rainy climates. Unfortunately, the inferior durability arising from viscous dissipation over SLIPS‐based SWs remains a great challenge that needs to be addressed. Here, an ultra‐robust all‐solid‐state superhydrophobic SW is reported namely electric‐actuated reconfigurable shape memory shutter (EA‐RSMS) via a hybrid approach of laser ablation and soft transfer. Thanks to electrothermal effect of underlying silver nanowires heater, EA‐RSMS can be dynamically glazing by switching the surface shutters between bent mode (the transmittance of 10.8%) and erect one (the transmittance of 56.6%) within 60 s in situ. Synergistically, EA‐RSMS motivates the reversible transition between sticky state (sliding angle of 24°) and slippery one (sliding angle of 8°) by alternate Joule‐heating/pressing operation. Fundamental physics renders to clarify the effect of shutters topography on the hysteresis and light performance. Last but not the least, by utilizing the optimized EA‐RSMS shelter, indoor thermal‐comfort regulation, visibility encoding together with angle‐variable display are deployed. Current superhydrophobic EA‐RSMS with robust durability, novel tuning modulation, fast electric‐sensitivity, and optical angle‐dependence holds promising potential in self‐cleaning smart windows, energy‐saving buildings, anti‐voyeurism, etc.

Retrofitting measures for climate resilience: Enhancing the solar performance of Malaysian school buildings with passive design concepts

Climate-sensitive school buildings can enhance students’ learning performance and reduce the building’s overall energy consumption. This paper reports on a post-occupancy study of contemporary school buildings in Malaysia, assessing problems of solar heat gain. The research aims to propose retrofitting measures based on passive design principles adapted specifically for the Malaysian tropical climate to strengthen the resilience of local school buildings in a global climate emergency. On-site measurements in two different schools provided the empirical basis for the design modifications. The monitoring procedure included site observations, extended temperature and humidity measurements, and daylight analysis. A virtual classroom model was generated based on the on-site measurements, and a parametric simulation study was conducted to evaluate the proposed retrofit measures’ effectiveness. The model variables were evaluated and compared to identify the passive design elements that significantly impact heat gains and thermal comfort. The results showed that increasing roof overhangs to 1500 mm for additional shading, sensitive selection of roof materials and colours of white-painted zinc roof, and reduction of window-to-wall ratio by 30% to the operable windows helps to reduce solar gains by 6% to improve comfort conditions within the classrooms. Overall, the study provided evidence of how passive solar building design would benefit the climate resilience of Malaysian schools.

In-situ evaluation of high-performance glazing based on illuminance and glare

High-technology glazing panes are designed to meet the need for natural light, while optimizing key functions such as reducing solar heat gain in spaces and/or redirecting daylight to the rear of the spaces. However, the actual performance in terms of both illumination and glare protection of these glazing systems is often unknown. This study aims to compare the visual comfort performance of four complex fenestration systems by means of point-in-time measurements under real sky conditions and for different seasons. The tested systems included: two glazing types with embedded seasonal solar protection, namely, MicroShade™ and Coolshade™, one prototype of daylight redirecting glazing with embedded micro-mirrors (GEMM), and one clear glazing. We conducted our tests in side-by-side nearly identical spaces in the NEST building in Dübendorf, Switzerland. Results showed a higher daylight provision for clear and daylight redirecting glazing. Discomfort glare assessment from daylight showed that MicroShade™ was substantially more efficient at addressing glare due to sunlight for high sun angles when compared to Coolshade™. The performance of the GEMM prototype was highly dependent on the glazing pane used and one pane provided a promising performance when it comes to mitigating glare risks for high sun positions. However, none of the systems were able to provide an adequate glare protection for lower sun positions. The performed measurements provide a basis for the calibration of simulation models.

Simultaneous design and control optimization of smart glazed windows

The paper examines the benefits of simultaneous optimization of various design and control parameters for smart glazing windows of office buildings. The design variables include the window U-value, solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC), visible transmittance (Tvis), and window-to-wall ratio (WWR). The tint-switching control strategies reviewed include outdoor air temperature (OAT), indoor air temperature (IAT), incident total solar radiation (ITSR), and incident beam solar radiation (IBSR). These variables are optimized independently and simultaneously to determine the best specifications to minimize operating costs while maintained desired thermal and visual comfort levels. Specifically, electrochromic (EC) smart glazed windows are optimally designed and controlled when installed for a prototypical medium office building in Denver, Colorado. The optimization analysis results are considered to determine the breakeven installation costs required for smart glazing systems to be cost competitive compared to their static glazing counterparts. The analysis found that the annual energy cost savings from optimally designed and controlled smart glazed windows ranged from 11% − 18%. Of the design parameters, the U-value proved to be the most impactful on energy and cost reductions, followed by SHGC and WWR. Indoor and outdoor air temperature-based controls are determined the most effective operation strategies. Simultaneously optimizing for the design and control parameters provided the highest annual savings.

Experimental investigations on thermal performance of spray cooling double skin façade in hot humid climate region

Thermal performance of the spray cooling double skin façade in hot and humid climate region are experimentally investigated in this study. Two identical double skin facades are constructed for the comparative analysis. Thermal performance of the spray cooling double skin façade is evaluated by the indicators of cavity air temperature, glass surface temperature, the U-value, and solar heat gain coefficient. The influences of the ventilation mode (open conditions of the top and bottom vents in the double skin façade system), operation time (spray and interval time of the spray system), and spray direction on the cooling effect of the spray cooling double skin façade are experimentally compared and analyzed, and the operation mode of the spray cooling double skin façade with the best thermal performance is obtained. The results demonstrate that the appropriate operation mode of the spray cooling double skin façade is that the top and bottom vents are opened, and the spray direction is from up to down with the operation time of 10/15 min (spray/interval time). The average temperature of the cavity and inner glass decreased by 8.1 °C and 3.7 °C, respectively. The mean U-value and SHGC of the spray cooling double skin façade are 2.13 W/(m2·K) and 0.25, respectively, which are smaller than the most stringent limit values of the current national standard. The spray cooling double skin façade has good thermal performance in hot humid climate region in China.

Cooling load comparison of rooms conditioned with radiant cooling panels and all-air HVAC systems (ASHRAE RP 1729)

Radiant cooling systems have the potential for efficient chiller operation by using a higher chilled water temperature when compared to all-air systems. This affects the system efficiency, but it is not clear how the cooling load for these two systems is different. The present experimental study investigates differences between (i) room cooling load and (ii) overall heat transfer for (a) radiant and (b) all-air systems. It compares the thermal performance of these two systems for identical rooms considering different heat gains: (1) solar heat gain, (2) internal convective gains, and (3) internal radiative gains. Results show that for the same indoor air temperature the peak load is slightly higher for radiant systems (10% or smaller), regardless of the type of space heat gain. When considering thermal sensation, the performance of the two systems can be compared instead at the same operative temperature. The results also show that the cooling load for a radiant system depends greatly on the temperature control strategy (air vs operative temperatures). When operative temperature is used for the system control, the design load for radiant panels is almost the same as that of all-air systems, regardless of the type of the dominant space heat gain.

Comparative Study on Performance of Wind-Catcher Shading Device and Other Types of Shading Device on Residential Houses in Tropics

The optimal shading system plays a significant role in a sustainable environment in controlling the amount of excessive sunlight and reducing the thermal discomfort of occupants. External shading device requires many design considerations such as solar altitude, control strategies, and aesthetics to control solar gain, improve the visual environment and reduce glare. Proper external shading design can reduce cooling energy consumption and prevent an overheated indoor environment. This paper focuses on the performance of the Wind-Catcher shading device on the residential house in a hot and humid climate. This study focused on the effect of using Wind-Catcher shading devices on indoor thermal comfort. It proposes solar shading and wind catching design and its performance compared to other types of external shading devices. One of the residential houses in a hot and humid climate is taken as the representative study house of the research. The theoretical and analytical approach will analyze three types of shading devices, such as overhang, box-type shading devices, and wind-catcher shading devices, to validate and compare the shading magnitude amount. The result indicates that the Wind-Catcher shading significantly reduces thermal discomfort hours and allows moderate wind flow into the room rather than other shading types.