Scleroderma is an unusual mucocutaneous disease, characterized by the diffuse deposition of dense collagen in several anatomic sites. We report a case of a 69-year-old male patient, a construction worker with dark-colored skin, referred for diagnosis of a whitish, rough, rigid, and asymptomatic plaque on the lower lip, with unknown evolution time. At physical examination, hyperpigmented cutaneous lesions were also observed in the lower limbs. Based on diagnostic hypothesis of scleroderma and actinic cheilitis (AC), patient was submitted to incisional biopsy of the labial lesion. Histopathological analysis revealed hyperkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium with mild dysplasia and significant hyalinization of connective tissue, with zones of basophilic degeneration of the thick collagen fibers (solar elastosis). Microscopic findings were compatible with scleroderma associated with AC. Patient was instructed in sun protection care and referred to a dermatologist for scleroderma management. This report illustrates the contribution of the dentist in the diagnosis of systemic diseases. Scleroderma is an unusual mucocutaneous disease, characterized by the diffuse deposition of dense collagen in several anatomic sites. We report a case of a 69-year-old male patient, a construction worker with dark-colored skin, referred for diagnosis of a whitish, rough, rigid, and asymptomatic plaque on the lower lip, with unknown evolution time. At physical examination, hyperpigmented cutaneous lesions were also observed in the lower limbs. Based on diagnostic hypothesis of scleroderma and actinic cheilitis (AC), patient was submitted to incisional biopsy of the labial lesion. Histopathological analysis revealed hyperkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium with mild dysplasia and significant hyalinization of connective tissue, with zones of basophilic degeneration of the thick collagen fibers (solar elastosis). Microscopic findings were compatible with scleroderma associated with AC. Patient was instructed in sun protection care and referred to a dermatologist for scleroderma management. This report illustrates the contribution of the dentist in the diagnosis of systemic diseases.