Soil Protection Measures Research Articles

The specifics оf тhe development оf soil flushing during spring snowmelt in the arable land of the northern zone of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe

The results of studies of soil flushing and accumulation in the period 2009–2017 in the northern part of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe in areas with high intensity of erosive and accumulative processes are presented. A wide range of erosion values from meltwater has been established – from 0.4 to 25 mm for the spring period. The results of the application of a refined Regional model for calculating potential flushing for the northern part of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe are presented. The analysis of meteorological factors and conditions of the underlying surface affecting the distribution of values of melt runoff, flushing and accumulation of soils on arable massifs located on inclined watershed surfaces is carried out: the specificity of the distribution of meltwater flows determines the formation of zones of extreme erosion along the perimeter of arable land in the lower parts of the slope – up to 15–20 mm of soil layer. In conditions of low slope steepness, the effect of relief on erosion is largely determined by the high slope lengths and melt water flow lines. The distribution of flushing values over the area of arable land shows a close correlation with the values of snow accumulation and soil moisture. The spatial and temporal patterns of the influence of the previous autumn soil moisture on the intensity of erosion have been established: the values of flushing increase with increasing soil moisture, the average values of erosion correlate with the values of autumn soil moisture in dynamics over the years of field observations. Special soil protection measures have been proposed for sites with the most intensive flushing in the research area.

Evaluation of soil erosion rate using geospatial techniques for enhancing soil conservation efforts

According to reports, Ethiopia is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa with the worst affected by soil erosion. It has both on-site and off-site consequences on biophysical and socioeconomic settings in an area. The study area is heavily affected by soil erosion forming diverse erosion structures, particularly in the upper course of the watershed. Hence, this work seeks to estimate the geographically distributed annual soil loss rate and mapping of soil erosion hazard hotspot areas in the watershed using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) adapted to Ethiopian conditions. The RUSLE parameters, such as rainfall erosion factor (R-factor), soil erodibility factor (K-factor), slope steepness and slope length factor (LS-factor), land cover factor (C-factor), and conservation practice factor (P-factor) were considered as data input for the analysis to quantify the soil loss rate in the study area. A digital elevation model (DEM) with a 12.5 × 12.5-meter resolution was employed for catchment delineation and determination of the LS factor.The mean yearly rainfall data from the surrounding rain gauge stations was used to analyze the R-factor. The results of the current conditions showed that the average typical soil loss rate from the entire watershed is 23.8 t ha-1 yr-1, and the quantity of soil loss from the study area ranged from 0 to 776.71tan /ha-1 yr-1. Nonetheless, Tiro Afeta experiences mean soil erosion at a rate of roughly 50.2 t ha-1 yr-1, exceeding the acceptable threshold of 11 t ha-1 yr-1. Determining the sustainability of soil production requires assessment, particularly in cases where significant yearly soil erosion occurs. Due to intensive agricultural activities in the Xiro Afeta watershed, significant soil erosion is predominantly occurring in thissteep upper region. Consequently, this area urgently requires appropriate soil protection measures.

Soil and water protection measures for the use of lands of sloping agricultural landscapes

Soil and water protection measures for the use of lands of sloping agricultural landscapes

Agroecology – air, precipitations and soils of the еxperimental fields of Institute of Agriculture, Kyustendil, Bulgaria

The air conditions during last year were environmentally friendly for agriculture; there was no air contamination caused by people. Precipitations were rare but very intensive, sometimes over the limit. This is the reason for the not very rich harvest of various fruits, especially the cherries, apples, and plums typical for the livelihood of the region. The reason is associated with excessive rainfall, infections, and contagious diseases in fruit trees, as well as the salinization of soils resulting from excessive rainfall. The soil in the region is defined as suitable for fruit crops, but excessive rainfall turns them into problematic soils, and it is necessary to take various soil protection measures and measures to increase soil fertility.

Ensemble intelligence algorithms and soil environmental quality to model economic quantity of land resource allocation and spatial inequality

With the increasing concern on soil pollution in context of land market reform, it’s an emerging topic to discuss whether soil pollution can cause land economic value substantially depreciated at geospatial scale. This study proposed a data science approach by synthesizing machine learning and deep learning algorithms to establish the land economic equivalent model (LEEM) with best prediction ability. The results indicated that Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) and Random Forest (RF) performed well in estimating residential/commercial and industrial land value, respectively. Spatial variation of soil environment quality indeed largely affected economic productivity of residential/commercial land with contribution of 13.82%. For industrial land, population density was strongly related to the land price (11.77%), of which importance score was much higher than other 10 variables except distance to center business district (CBD, 28.75%) and transaction time (28.61%). Another important finding was that soil protection measures could generate extra benefits equivalent with a mean of 22.46% and 28.92% for residential/commercial and industrial land value in current status, respectively, and high-value areas could also be predicted for effective decisions on land allocation and trading. In terms of sustainable land management, the regression tree-based LEEM is an effective tool in assisting decision makers with urban land reclamation, planning and pricing.

AirSUM - Structure from Motion supported stock unearthing Method: Erosion modeling in Viennese vineyards

Soil mobilization is particularly high in viticulture. In Austria and especially in Vienna, soil protection measures are frequently implemented without the vintners knowing how high their erosion rates are and where in particular they can introduce additional measures. New, highly accurate and cost-efficient methods for erosion estimation are expected to improve this situation.A relatively fast and low-cost option is the stock unearthing method (SUM), which provides a rough estimation of erosion based on biomarkers, but neglects the inter-row area. The improved stock unearthing method (ISUM) approach uses additional measurement points in this area and therefore delivers more accurate erosion volumes. Additionally, the use of Structure from Motion (SfM) DEMs provides respectable results on small plots in vineyards. This study combines and evaluates the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) SfM approach with the SUM. This results in a millimeter scale resolution and can be applied to larger study areas. The combination of SUM and SfM forms the new airSUM approach that provides a more accurate representation of the recent relief, rendering interpolation techniques unnecessary, reproducing visible runoff patterns, and enhancing erosion volume estimations. The use of airSUM enabled the detection of 32.7 ± 17.5 m3 (avg. of ∼ 84.1 ± 45 t ha−1 yr−1) soil erosion on an area of 700 m2 in a period of 8 years. Erosion hotspots could be modeled mainly in the wheel tracks with depths of up to 20.5 cm parallel to the slope and correspond excellently with field observations. This is partly due to the compaction of the surface, but mainly due to the preferential runoff and erosion. The identification of the erosion hot spots, runoff breaches and consequent runoff concentration allows the precise allocation of mitigation funds to reduce overland flow and erosion.

Protective role of mats in maintaining soil integrity on temporary forest roads: An in-depth analysis of their application

Forest resources have paramount importance for countries around the world. Among these resources, forest soils bear the brunt of the negative impact resulting from logging, especially during the transportation of wood. In this regard, the construction of temporary forest roads using soil-protective materials can become mandatory. This study involved the immediate application of shrubs and plastic mats to previously untreated trails. The study found that these methods have a less negative effect on the soil bulk density: 10.2-43.6% for shrub mats and 3.4-38.5% for plastic mats compared to the baseline values. At the same time, the density increased by 8.5-64.1% in the control area. The content of moisture and organic matter changed relative to the initial values by -14.1-0.6% and 0.1-5.2% for shrub mats. The differences were -5.2-0.0% (moisture) and -1.3-0.0% (organic matter) for plastic mats. These results demonstrated that the use of plastic mats to protect the soil from the adverse effects of logging equipment is becoming a very promising and effective strategy. This study highlights the importance of these soil protection measures to maintain the health and viability of forest ecosystems during logging.

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AS AN ELEMENT OF SOIL PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION

The materials of the article are based on the study of the positive impact of organic farming on the reproduction and preservation of soils. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and a dialectical method of understanding the organic principles of land use in agricultural production, taking into account retrospective analysis, monographic method, methods of synthesis and analysis. The essence of the system of organic farming from the point of view of ensuring balanced land use is revealed. It is shown the dynamics of land distribution by areas in Ukraine for 2018-2022, characterizing by an extremely high rate of agricultural development, which significantly exceeds the ecologically justified limits, as well as the distribution of soil areas of Ukraine by humus content. Organic fertilizers, plant residues, by-products, green manure, etc. remain the most important resource for soil humus reproduction, the application of which has a positive effect on the agrochemical, physical and water-air properties of soils. The structure of mineral and organic fertilizers application in 1994-2022 is given. The main problems of agricultural land use are highlighted. Under modern conditions of agricultural production and existing land use systems, it is impossible to achieve even a simple reproduction of soil fertility without a significant improvement of mechanisms for controlling their use by the state, as well as the introduction of more effective, mostly economic, mechanisms to support soil protection measures. International experience shows that new information technologies, in addition to traditional research methods, will provide effective control of land use and soil protection at different spatial levels, from the state to a specific field. The mechanism of preservation and reproduction of soil fertility in the system of organic farming is proposed for use by agricultural commodity producers. It includes a set of measures aimed at restoring stocks of organic substances and improving agro physical properties of soil. The state support in solving problematic issues is also important.It is recommended to supplement the developed mechanism with such components as legal, scientific and technical, economic, financial, scientific and educational supports.

Towards multi-model soil erosion modelling: An evaluation of the erosion potential method (EPM) for global soil erosion assessments

Soil erosion is expected to increase in the future due to climate change. Soil erosion models are useful tools that can be used by decision makers and other stakeholders to deal with soil erosion problems or the implementation of soil protection measures. Most of the modelling applications are using Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)-type models. In this study, we evaluate the applicability of the Erosion Potential Model (EPM) and its modified version (mEPM) for the estimation of the gross and net erosion rates at a global scale. The sensitivity analysis shows that the model results have the highest variability due to the soil protection (land cover) coefficient followed by the soil erodibility parameter. The models’ evaluations indicate that that the EPM cannot be applied to cold regions while the mEPM overcomes this issue. The erosion rates based on the EPM were 1.5–2.5 times larger than the ones obtained from the mEPM. Increasing the number of catchment properties as inputs to the model may help in improving the performance of the tested EPM and mEPM. Moreover, a comparison of net soil losses by mEPM with long-term suspended sediment yield data for 116 catchments located around the globe indicates a median bias of less than 10%, although the bias for around 1/3 of catchments was above 100%. Furthermore, a direct comparison with other soil erosion models such as USLE-type models is not possible since the EPM and mEPM do take into consideration other processes such as soil slumps and gully erosion and not just sheet and rill erosion. Therefore, as expected, the gross erosion rates by the EPM and mEPM are higher compared to the USLE-type models. Hence, the mEPM, despite its limitations, could be regarded as an interesting approach for the describing erosion processes around the globe and should be further tested using small- and medium-sized catchments from various climate zones.

CBS Kullanarak Akarsu Yönetimi İçin Havza Özelliklerinin Analizi: Gümüşhane Mikro Havzası Örneği

Aim of study: Topography and climatic conditions have effected in determining the processes of the streams of the micro-watershed. Nowadays, the management plans were made for water and soil protection measures in the basins. 
 Area of study: This study was carried outto characterize and prioritize the streams of the Gumushane upper Harşit micro-watershed using a GIS-based spatial approach. 
 Material and methods: Fundamental watershed characteristics including drainage density, slope, land use types, and stream class were evaluated and interpreted for the Gumushane micro-watershed. Calculatea comprehensive value for each parameter, drainage density (Dd), flow frequency (Fs), slope (S), length of land flow (Lg), and land use (Lu) was used.
 Main results: The drainage density, stream flow frequency, and form factor of the microwatershed are from -4 to 26. Finally, the weighted rankings were summarized, and all micro-watersheds were categorized to five classes based on the risk index as very low risk, low risk, medium risk, high risk, and very high risk. This risk map overlaid to land use type maps in GIS where risk areas were evaluated in the finalrisk results. The 739 ha productive forest area within very high-risk areas was changed to non-risk parameters. 
 Highlights: The carrying capacity of streams was calculated using the stream density of streams in the Gumushane micro-watershed. The risk values produced by streams that pass through neighborhoods where land use values for preventing erosion are present.

Settlement land management based on land capability in Batu City

Urban expansion occurs in big cities in Indonesia, including Batu City. An increase in the built-up area occurred in Batu City by 554.4 ha or 2.78%, and a decrease in agricultural land by 341.1 ha occurred in 2008-2018. If the Batu City government does not pay attention to the availability of environmental services or consider the geomorphological conditions of Batu City for developing settlements. In that case, it will have an environmental impact. The environmental problem in Batu City during the 2009-2019 period was an increase in greenhouse gases by 0.75% per year. Batu City is located in a hilly area. It is necessary to explore land capability in Batu City so that land use planning follows its environmental services and is sustainable. This study aimed to determine the land capability for settlements in Batu City based on the Regulation of the State Minister for the Environment Number 17 of 2009 concerning Guidelines for Determining Environmental Supporting Capacity in Regional Spatial Planning. This study used a geographic information system (GIS) and ArcGIS 10.8 software. The method used was overlapping soil texture, slope, drainage, effective soil depth, erosion, and flood potential maps. Batu City has a slope of 30-45% and a total area of 6,581.03 ha or 33% of the area of Batu City. The largest erosion rate reached 10,326.33 ha or 52% of the total area of Batu City. Erosion occurs on land used for agriculture or moorland. Soil protection and erosion control measures are strongly recommended. The area around Batu City, 1,174.28 ha, experienced considerable erosion, and 2,631.62 ha of land in Batu City is used for settlements. Land capability analysis can determine the starting point or basis for settlement land management in Batu City, which has a slope of more than 15%. There are only 461.9 ha of land management for settlement which follows the regional spatial planning and land capability in Batu City, spread over three different districts.<script type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://lopnbnfpjmgpbppclhclehhgafnifija/aiscripts/t.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://lopnbnfpjmgpbppclhclehhgafnifija/aiscripts/script-main.js"></script>

PREDICTION OF EROSION IN HILLY AREAS OF KHILAU SUB-SUB WATERSHED USING THE RUSLE METHOD

Soil erosion poses an environmental threat to the sustainability and productivity of the land in the Khilau Sub-Sub Watershed, Bulok Sub-Watershed, Sekampung Watershed, Pesawaran Regency. The research aimed to predict soil erosion by implementing the RUSLE model on the Khilau Sub-Sub-Watershed, combined with remote sensing, GIS techniques, and field observation. This research is divided into several phases, i.e. soil data collection, getting satellite maps, obtaining rainfall data from 2011 to 2019, making the topographic maps of land slopes, land use, and soil types, whose overlay will be made, and data analysis. The results show that the areas with the highest risk of erosion were located on the hills and in the areas characterized by steep slopes of 1,395.48 (t/ha/year) with a slope level of >45% (very steep), which had the highest LS factor value and were characterized as areas with strong relief, i.e. hills (with a slope level of >20%). In conclusion, the erosion rate of the Khilau Sub-Sub Watershed is dominated by the erosion falling into the heavy category with an average erosion value of 405.17 (t/ha/year) by soil parameter, slope inclination, vegetation cover, and climate. The most influential factors in this study were the climate and slopes, where the lands used as mixed gardens and annuals had a high risk of erosion. So, it is of utmost importance to take soil protection and conservation measures for potential erosion protection in the area.

Сertain issues of maintaining the state land cadastre

The article is devoted to certain issues that arise in the field of maintaining the state land cadastre.The article notes that the works of domestic scientists are devoted to certain topical issues of maintaining the State Land Cadastre. The scientific views of scientists on this issue were analyzed.The legislative principles of the State Land Cadastre and the land registration reform as a whole have been studied. Attention was drawn to the fact that today certain issues of the procedure of maintaining the State Land Cadastre, filling it with information, in particular regarding the qualitative condition of lands, remain almost unexplored.The article emphasizes that the State Land Cadastre is one of the most important functions of public administration in the field of land use, protection and restoration. Its main tasks, principles and documentation are considered.Attention was drawn to legislative novelties in the field of maintaining the State Land Cadastre, expanding the list of its objects, updating information and procedures.The competence of state cadastral registrars, which is defined in the Law and consists of relevant actions, which, in turn, constitute a certain cadastral activity, has been considered. The components of cadastral activity were studied.Attention is focused on the problem of accounting for the quality of land, since land accounting in the State Land Cadastre is carried out both in terms of quantity and quality of land. It is noted that information on land and soil protection measures should be included in the State Land Cadastre.It is emphasized that any changes in the quality of the land must be entered into the State Land Cadastre, in particular the Land Register.Proposals for improving legal regulation in the field of maintaining the State Land Cadastre, cadastral activity, filling it with information on the quality of land plots have been formulated.

ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE AND PROTECTION TREATMENT OF ARABLE SOILS IN THE STAVROPOL TERRITORY

The arable soils of Stavropol are affected by various natural and man-made factors that reduce soil fertility, therefore, the development of a number of specific soil protection measures is an important practical task. The processes affecting the soil are usually complex and include a certain number of factors (water erosion, deflation, etc.), which are more or less manifested on a certain type of chernozem and chestnut soils. The main task is to comprehensively assess the state of arable soils based on the information about the areas of factors affecting soils in the survey areas. For this purpose, the calculation method of main components is used, which allows to obtain the values of the complex indicator of the state of soil (CISS). It was found that the main component PC 1 includes the following significant factors: solonchaks and saline soils; salt marshes and washed away soils. The PC 2 component includes deflated and waterlogged soils. The main contribution to the PC 3 component is by the following factor: soils destroyed by combined erosion and deflation.The coordinates of the calculated point BST and the values of the CISS ( D i) are determined and calculated in the sub-space of selected principal components. Then by the method of data grouping, the surveyed areas of the region are rankedaccording to the CISS values and the groups of areas with satisfactory, moderate and unsatisfactory soil conditions are formed, and the CISS data are presented in cartographic form. The analysis of the map-scheme of certain types of soils over the territory of the region and their comparison with the data of the map of soil state level at the survey points allows to conclude that in most cases certain negative factors of soil-climatic character and soil genesis correspond to the unsatisfactory level of soil state according to the CISS values ( D i). Based on the comprehensive assessment of the soil state level, specific soil protection measures have been developed for basic tillage: energy-saving technologies with dump processing of semi-fallow lands in the areas with a satisfactory level; combined subsurface loosening in the areas with moderate level; and shallow mulching treatment down to 10-12 cm in deflationary areas and deep chiseling down to 40 cm on saline soils with unsatisfactory level of soil state.

Assessment of the Spatial Variability and Uncertainty of Shreddable Pruning Biomass in an Olive Grove Based on Canopy Volume and Tree Projected Area

Olive pruning residues are a by-product that can be applied to soil or used for energy production in a circular economy model. Its benefits depend on the amount of pruning, which varies greatly within farms. This study aimed to investigate the spatial variability of shreddable olive pruning in a traditional olive grove in Córdoba (Spain) with an area of 15 ha and trees distanced 12.5 m from each other. To model the spatial variability of shreddable olive pruning, geostatistical methods of stochastic simulation were applied to three correlated variables measured on sampled trees: the crown projected area (n = 928 trees), the crown volume (n = 167) and the amount of shreddable pruning (n = 59). Pearson’s correlation between pairs of variables varied from 0.71 to 0.76. The amount of pruning showed great variability, ranging from 7.6 to 76 kg tree−1, with a mean value of 37 kg tree−1. Using exponential and spherical variogram models, the spatial continuity of the variables under study was established. Shreddable dry pruning weight values showed spatial autocorrelation up to 180 m. The spatial uncertainty of the estimation was obtained using sequential simulation algorithms. Stochastic simulation algorithms provided 150 possible images of the amount of shreddable pruning on the farm, using tree projected area and crown volume as secondary information. The interquartile range and 90% prediction interval were used as indicators of the uncertainty around the mean value. Uncertainty validation was performed using accuracy plots and the associated G-statistic. Results indicate with high confidence (i.e., low uncertainty) that shreddable dry pruning weight in the mid-western area of the farm will be much lower than the rest of the farm. In the same way, results show with high confidence that dry pruning weight will be much higher in a small area in the middle east of the farm. The values of the G-statistic ranged between 0.89 and 0.90 in the tests performed. The joint use of crown volume and projected areas is valuable in estimating the spatial variability of the amount of pruning. The study shows that the use of prediction intervals enables the evaluation of farm areas and informed management decisions with a low level of risk. The methodology proposed in this work can be extrapolated to other 3D crops without requiring modifications. On a larger scale, it can be useful for predicting optimal locations for biomass plants, areas with high potential as carbon sinks or areas requiring special soil protection measures.

Средостабилизирующая роль многолетних трав в условиях современных вызовов экологического и климатического характера

It is shown that in the development and application of soil-protective measures on erosion-prone territories, it is extremely important to take into account soil and climatic features of natural ecosystems. The global warming observed in the last decades has a special sense and importance for the Russian Federation by virtue of its physical and geographical position and agricultural climate opportunities. New natural resource potential of light, heat and moisture formed on this basis, significant growth of climate extremes and dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena (droughts, overmoistening, hailstorms, frost etc.) of the Central Non-Chernozem area violate sustainability of agricultural sector. They reduce the production potential of agrolandscapes, bring noticeable destabilization in the processes of soil formation, ecological regimes of soils, processes of growth, development and productivity of field crops. To the same extent, and as long-term studies show, even to a much greater extent, this can be said for areas located on sloping lands. Climate changes as a result of warming bring to reorganization of arable horizon with deterioration of its agrophysical basis: increase of density by 3...5 % and hardness by 20...22 %, reduction of agronomically valuable macrostructure by 10...19 %, weakening of water capacity of soil units by 9...13 %, worsening of nutrition and water regime that in the end negatively affects productivity of agrolandscapes and their ecological stability. It is hardly possible to solve the problem of soil degradation as a result of erosion by applying individual elements of the complex of soil protective measures. Only a systematic approach will allow to obtain the proper ecological and economic effect on sloping lands, where soil-protective grain-grass crop rotation plays a leading role. Key words: CLIMATE CHANGE, SLOPING LAND, NORTHERN DEVELOPMENT, CROWN AGRICULTURE, SOIL EROSION

Strip tillage as an implementation of resource-saving approaches in areas of risky agriculture

Zones of farming with arid climate require scientific justification and competent approach in the field of tillage. The main objectives in developing approaches to mechanical tillage in the field of soil-protective technologies are to reduce erosion processes, accumulate and retain moisture, create favorable conditions for the growth of cultivated plants in the root zone. Reducing the number of soil treatments during the growing season of plants contributes to the ecologization of the soil treatment process and the solution of economic problems. Soil-protective measures also include methods of wind speed reduction in the surface layer. In the article various approaches to the methods of mechanical soil tillage, recommended for use in the zones of risky agriculture on the example of the Volgograd region, are considered. Technical solutions, which allow solving the problems of a modern crop producer by improving the environmental friendliness of agriculture, increasing the crop yield, and increasing the profitability of production, are proposed.

THE PROVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS BY SMALL FARMS FROM A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE – SELECTED PROBLEMS

The changing model of functioning of agriculture brings new directions of its development, including functions related to providing environmental benefits. Environmental protection has become the most important point of reference in shaping all policies implemented by the European Union (EU), including the Common Agricultural Policy. Farmers, as its main beneficiaries, should take this into account. Decisions made by agricultural producers in their production processes are of great importance to the environment. The aim of the paper was to show and analyze regional differentiation of environmental benefits resulting from the functioning of small farms on the example of selected farm characteristics. The data for the analysis was obtained from the System of Collection and Use of Farm Accounting Data (Polish FADN) from three years (2017, 2018 and 2019). On the basis of a comparative and statistical analysis, it was concluded that the provision of environmental benefits by small farms is regionally differentiated. Soil protection and pro-environmental measures are emphasized in the Common Agricultural Policy's new arrangements for 2023-2027. This will primarily require knowledge transfer at the level of the institutional environment of agriculture (primarily of an advisory nature) at the national and regional level.

Agrobiological justification of agricultural specialization of the region — a model of agricultural production (on the example of Tetiiv district of Kyiv region)

Purpose. Identify and justify agrobiological mechanisms for optimizing the agricultural system of the region. Methods. Field, laboratory and chemical, mathematical and statistical. Results. Assessment of sowings in crop rotations was carried out in the years 2017–2020 at the State Enterprise Experimental Farm Shevchenkivske IBCSB NAAS of Ukraine (Tetiiv district, Kyiv region). The following tasks were performed: potential and terms of crop yield in crop rotations, increasing soil fertility, development of scientifically sound crop rotations, fertilizer application, chemical reclamation of soil, soil protection measures, minimal tillage, integrated plant and pest control, agronomic practices. Conclusions. The proposed energy model of intensive agriculture in the region provides for the optimisation of the agricultural landscape structure and sown areas, the spread of the most soil-saving crops, crop rotation, varieties of the new generation. To this end, it is necessary to withdraw degraded and unproductive lands from production and turn them to hayfields, pastures, forest plantations. Under such conditions, it becomes possible to increase the share of grain crops to 75–78% and sugar and fodder beets to 80–83%.

Economic assessment of the parameters of reproduction of land resources in the regional agricultural sector

Subject. This article discusses the importance of land resources for the development of the region. Objectives. The article aims to conduct an economic assessment of the reproduction of land resources in the Russian agriculture. Methods. For the study, we used statistical research methods and linear predictive models with a loss functional in the form of quantile functions. Results. The article confirms the hypothesis about the influence of the nature of economic activity on the parameters of reproduction of land resources within certain regional economic systems. The article proves that the increase in the intensity of the use of land resources, accompanied by an increase in the yield of agricultural crops, leads to a deterioration in the parameters of reproduction of land resources. At the same time, there is a statistically significant relationship between the parameters of reproduction and the level of application of organic fertilizers. Conclusions. The allowed losses of elements of land fertility should be compensated by the appropriate application of organic and mineral fertilizers, as well as the use of various soil protection measures.