LabVIEW Software Package Research Articles

Use of ELVIS II platform for random process modelling and analysis of its probability density function

The problem of probability density function estimation for a random process is one of the most common in practice. There are several methods to solve this problem. Presented laboratory work uses methods of the mathematical statistics to detect patterns in the realization of random process. On the basis of ergodic theory, we construct algorithm for estimating univariate probability density distribution function for a random process. Correlational analysis of realizations is applied to estimate the necessary size of the sample and the time of observation. Hypothesis testing for two probability distributions (normal and Cauchy) is used on the experimental data, using χ2 criterion. To facilitate understanding and clarity of the problem solved, we use ELVIS II platform and LabVIEW software package that allows us to make the necessary calculations, display results of the experiment and, most importantly, to control the experiment. At the same time students are introduced to a LabVIEW software package and its capabilities.

The Study of the Electrical Steel and Amorphous Ferromagnets Magnetic Properties

Materials with special magnetic characteristics are applied in various fields of industry. For instance, magnetic materials having the rectangular hysteresis loop are used in logics and computer science elements. In recent years, owing to obtained by the controlled crystallization from amorphous state nanomaterials properties studying, the soft magnetic materials with improved magnetic properties compared to the traditional amorphous alloys ones were obtained. The alloys possess the low coercive force and high magnetic permeability, besides, the above-mentioned materials have low magnetic reversal losses that provides their wide application as the transformer cores, pulse power supply sources. Magnetic materials along with semiconductors and dielectrics are important for electronic industry, therefore they require to be specially considered. Until recently such magnetic materials as crystal metal alloys, intermetallics and oxides (ferrites, etc.) were investigated. However, amorphous metals and alloys magnetism is intensively studied currently and some areas of amorphous magnets practical application are obviously observed. Nowadays, soft magnetic tape amorphous ferro- and ferrimagnetic materials representing the alloys of transitional metals and metalloids are widely used. The scientific problem of such materials obtaining by fast cooling from the liquid state is now becoming an important applied branch of engineering. One could confirm that the crystal magnetic materials era will be followed by the new magnetic metal materials era i.e. amorphous alloys. The object of the paper is the ferromagnetic materials magnetic characteristics studying through the digital method by the LabView software package applying. The description of normal magnetization curve control and measurement traditional methods (the magnetic induction dependence on the magnetic field intensity) is presented in the paper. The W-shaped core made of electrical steel and the ring-shaped one representing an amorphous alloy were used as the samples. The scheme of the experiment and its conducting description is offered. The hardware and software measuring complex was developed and the software allowing to obtain normal magnetization curve numerical values and to define the losses at magnetic reversal was implemented.

ПРОГРАММА-ЭМУЛЯТОР ЭЛЕКТРОТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ИЗДЕЛИЯ

The aim of the study is to develop a program - emulator for the implementation of the pro-cesses occurring in the electrical device. The emulator is written in the software package Labview. It allows you to determine the harmonic structure of the current flowing in the coil of the electrical device, if you know the amplitude and frequency of the voltage applied to the coil, and weber-ampere characteristic defined as a polynomial

Theoretical and experimental investigation of viscoelastic serial robotic manipulators with motors at the joints using Timoshenko beam theory and Gibbs–Appell formulation

In this article, the mathematical modeling of n-viscoelastic-link robotic manipulators based on the Gibbs–Appell formulation and the assumed mode method is developed. The elastic properties of the links are modeled according to the Timoshenko beam theory and its associated mode shapes. Also the dynamic effects of the motors at the joints are fully taken into consideration. In the mathematical modeling, the effects of torsion, extensional deformation, bending in two directions, structural damping, and viscous air as well as the gravity effects have also been considered. A recursive algorithm based on 4 × 4 transformation matrices has been developed to ease the derivation of motion equations. The mismatch between the high-speed vibrations of flexible robotic arms and the low-speed operation of the software and hardware interface in the computer and the experimental setup is a serious obstacle for the measuring and controlling of such systems. So, to verify the simulation results and the results obtained from the experimental test bed, high-speed digital-to-analog converter components on an electronic interface board are used in conjunction with the National Instrument’s LABVIEW software package.

Studying the Binomial Distribution Using LabVIEW

This undergraduate physical chemistry laboratory exercise introduces students to the study of probability distributions both experimentally and using computer simulations. Students perform the classic coin toss experiment individually and then pool all of their data together to study the effect of experimental sample size on the binomial distribution. Simulations of the coin toss experiment are also performed using the software package LabVIEW. LabVIEW facilitates the creation of complex computer programs in a short period of time, even by beginner programmers. Histograms in LabVIEW are displayed in real time with students adjusting the number of simulated coin tosses on the fly using a virtual knob or a slider, up to 1 million individual trials. This allows the students to see firsthand the evolution of the binomial distribution into the Gaussian distribution with a large sample size.

Modeling and Implementation of Wireless Embedded Robot Arm for Object Sorting

Inverse Kinematic (IK) model of Dexter ER2 Robotic Arm and its implementation using wireless embedded system for object sorting application was presented in this work. Dexter ER2 Robotic Arm is a vertical articulated serial robot arm built by using DC servo motors. IK modeling of robot arm was carried out in PC by using geometric method which determines the joint angles of the robot arm for required end-effector position. Determined joint angles are transmitted from PC to ARM microcontroller LPC2148 using long range Zigbee wireless communication. LPC2148 was programmed in embedded 'C' in such a way that it receives the joint angles through long range Zigbee wireless communication and converts into corresponding PWM signals to control the DC servo motors for robot arm end-effector position. The results were taken for different points, where the end-effector can reach in its workspace. LabVIEW software package was used for modeling and transmitting the joint angles to the LPC2148. Keywords: IK Modeling, ARM microcontroller, Robot arm, LabVIEW and Zigbee.

Wearable Low-Cost System for Human Joint Movements Monitoring Based on Fiber-Optic Curvature Sensor

In this paper, a measurement system for human joint movements monitoring based on a simple and low-cost intensity modulated fiber-optic curvature sensor is presented. The implemented curvature sensor is made up of a plastic optical fiber, which is optimized for small curvature measurements, and has a high sensitivity in a wide measuring range. The sensor sensitivity and resolution, in the measurement range, are 20 mV/° and 1°, respectively. The fabrication process of proposed curvature sensor is also given. The implemented sensor is wearable, noninvasive, nonintrusive, and completely harmless. In this paper, the characteristics of the sensor measured in laboratory conditions as well as measurements of the human knee joint movements are given. Wireless electronics based on ZigBee are also presented. Therefore, the sensor has the possibility of wireless measurement. The main advantages of this sensor are simplicity, lightness, and flexibility. This sensor is also electrically safe and immune to electromagnetic interference. The application, which provides a possibility of remote human joints monitoring over the internet is implemented in the LabVIEW software package.

Experimental Setup for Magnetoresistance Analysis of Lanthanum Manganites Thin Films

A measurement and automation equipment for measuring the manganite resistance dependence on magnetic field is designed and developed in this work. Equipment consists of the electromagnet, the programmable power source, the magnetic field meter and the resistance measurement device. All devices are connected to PC by the GPIB cables and the GPIB-USB converter. The control program was created by using the LabVIEW software package. It enabled to change the steps of the current through the electromagnet in different ranges of the magnetic field and to set desired measurement accuracy and duration. The system was used for measuring of the magnetoresistance of the manganites films dependence on the magnetic field. The accuracy, which was achieved using this equipment, allows calculating anisotropy of MR of the manganites films despite to small changes of the resistance at low magnetic field. Ill. 6, bibl. 8 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.120.4.1451

Computer–Based Monitoring System for Analysing Surface Leakage Current in an IEC 587 Test Set–Up

Surface discharge is a common electrical discharge that normally occurs on outdoor insulators under wet and contaminated conditions. The dry–band discharge exists because of the leakage current that flows on the insulator surface. Measuring the surface leakage current can identify the performance of insulating materials as well as the characteristics of discharges. A computer–based on–line monitoring of surface leakage current is found to be more practical due to the long period of time taken in conducting the laboratory test. This paper describes the design and development of a leakage current monitoring system associated with surface tracking and erosion resistance test set–up of IEC 587. The LabVIEW software package is used to develop a measurement program for recording and analysing leakage current signals. Experimental works have shown the capability of the developed system in detecting the performance of insulating materials as well as identifying the characteristics of the surface discharges. Besides the on–line monitoring function, a data storage feature is also added to the system to allow for further analysis. Key words: surface discharge; leakage current; signal analysis; virtual instrument program

ПроектуваннЯ віртуальниХ навігаційниХ приладіВ длЯ кОмп'ютернОгО імітАторА польотУ

The article refers to the simulation modeling of air navigation systems. The article describes the software flight simulator created in the software package LabVIEW. The implementation of flight simulation is performed through virtual models of navigation devices: the gyroscope, altimete and compass. The screen form displays the trajectory of the aircraft model in three-dimensional graphic and includes controls. The screen form and functional diagram of software simulator of the airplane flight with virtual instruments in LabVIEW package were developed. The diagram allows representing of current position of the aircraft in a three-dimensional coordinate system, and the trajectory of its flight, on the basis of input data about Euler angles, height, speed and course. The developed virtual instruments (VI) contain the necessary software control modules, calculations and representations of input information introduced with the keyboard and manual manipulator (mouse)

Analysis of Digital IIR Filter with LabVIEW

Aiming at importance of virtual instruments in the field of Digital Signal Processing, a digital IIR Filter system is developed using National Instruments (NI) data LabVIEW software package. All the types of IIR filters like Butterworth filters, Chebyshev filters, inverse Chebyshev filters, and Elliptic filters are designed to generate their magnitude response and filter coefficients. The LabVIEW software is used to develop virtual instrument (VI) that includes a front panel and a functional diagram. The VI reads the desired parameters of the filters entered by the user on the front panel and determines its magnitude response and filter coefficients.

Hyposmiker haben weniger evozierte respiratorische Orientierungsreaktionen als Normosmiker

Respiratory orienting reactions after olfactory stimulation can be seen as an indicator of an intact olfactory processing. Olfactory stimuli have to be recognized and they have to be important for a subject in order to generate a respiratory orienting reaction. Hyposmic patients were stimulated pre-nasally with one sub-threshold and two supra-threshold concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) using a flow olfactometer. Nasal respiration was measured unilaterally using a differential pressure transducer. The data were processed after digitalization with the LabView software package. Duration of inspiration (DIN) and duration of expiration (DEX) were used as test variables for the evaluation of a regular resting respiration or a poststimulation respiration complex (PRC), respectively. The rate of poststimulatory respiration alterations (47%) in hyposmic subjects was significantly higher than the rate of spontaneous changes after resting respiration (31%). The reaction rate was not stimulus concentration-dependent. In spite of the stimulus recognition poststimulatory respiration alterations were less often in hyposmic subjects compared to normosmic subjects. Maybe this is due to the reduced significance of perceptible odors for hyposmic persons.

The design and implementation of a computer interface for a Raman spectrometer using the LabVIEW software package

A user-friendly computer interface was created for the SPEX 1403 Raman spectrometer using the LabVIEW computer package. The interface allows the user to align the spectrometer easily, produce a graph of the Raman spectra, and save the file to a format readable by a spreadsheet program. The program has three screens: the first allows the user to set initial settings, the second allows the user to read from a particular wavelength for proper alignment, and the third allows the user to set scan settings and perform the scan. The interface was successful in reading Raman spectra easily and efficiently.

Nonlinear finite element simulation for magnetic flux leakage tester

The paper reports about the building up a computer controlled measurement system based on National Instruments Data Acquisition card and National Instruments LabVIEW software package. The aim of this research is to detect manufactured surface cracks on steels by applying a magnetic flux leakage testing method. First of all, a finite element method based on the procedure to analyze the behavior has been implemented of the measurement system under construction. One important question is the position of the sensors or of the detecting coils. The finite element procedure contains a two dimensional arrangement. First, eddy currents have been neglected, but the nonlinear characteristic of the specimen has been taken into account by a single valued function. In this paper, the developed measurement system, which is partially ready to work, and the nonlinear finite element procedures are presented as well.

A New PC and LabVIEW Package Based System for Electrochemical Investigations

The paper describes a new PC and LabVIEW software package based system forelectrochemical research. An overview of well known electrochemical methods, such aspotential measurements, galvanostatic and potentiostatic method, cyclic voltammetry andEIS is given. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has been adapted for systemscontaining large capacitances. For signal generation and recording of the response ofinvestigated electrochemical cell, a measurement and control system was developed, basedon a PC P4. The rest of the hardware consists of a commercially available AD-DA converterand an external interface for analog signal processing. The interface is a result of authorsown research. The software platform for desired measurement methods is LabVIEW 8.2package, which is regarded as a high standard in the area of modern virtual instruments. Thedeveloped system was adjusted, tested and compared with commercially available systemand ORCAD simulation.

Measurement and control of scalar hysteresis characteristics

A computer controlled measurement system based on National Instruments Data Acquisiton card and National Insturments LabVIEW software package has been built. First, the hysteresis characteristics of the tested specimen have been simulated by Jiles-Atherton model, and simulated measurements have been performed using LabVIEW functions. This work is a preliminary study of LabVIEW and the measurement of hysteresis. The main goal is to control the magnetic flux density measured on a toroidal shaped core with a feedback controller. In this paper, the developed procedure, which is able to measure the hysteresis characteristics applying analogue and digital integrators, and to control the waveform of magnetic flux density determined from the voltage induced in the secondary coil wound on the toroidal shaped core is presented. The experience proves that the developed controller is stable and robust. This work is an initial step of the vector hysteresis measurement system.

High performance coated board inspection system based on commercial components

This paper presents a vision system for defect (fault) detection on a coated board developed using three industrial firewire cameras and a PC. Application for image processing and system control was realized with the LabView software package. Software for defect detection is based on a variation of the image segmentation algorithm. Standard steps in image segmentation are modified to match the characteristics of defects. Software optimization was accomplished using SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) technology available in the Intel Pentium 4 processors that provided real time inspection capability. System provides benefits such as: improvement in production process, higher quality of delivered coated board and reduction of waste. This was proven during successful exploitation of the system for more than a year.

A 2-DOF MR actuator joystick for virtual reality applications

The paper presents the design and development of a magnetorheological (MR) fluid-based haptic system and studies its applications in virtual reality. The developed system consists of three main parts: MR joystick, control and display hardware, and software. The MR joystick was constructed of two disc-shaped MR actuators positioned perpendicularly with a gimbal structure, which transfers the movement of the joystick handle into two actuator rotary movements. Therefore, operators can feel the resisting force generated by the two actuators. The dimensions of the actuators were optimized using finite element analysis. The steady-state performance of the actuators was measured and a subhysteresis model was proposed to effectively predict the actuator performance. The kinetics of the joystick in terms of working space and resistance was discussed. The applications of the MR joystick in virtual reality were demonstrated by using four typical 2D and 3D interface examples designed with LabVIEW software package.

Automated Auto-Ignition Temperature Measurement with Optical Flame Detection

An automated auto-ignition installation in accordance with the safety standards described in DIN 51 794 and CENELEC EN 50014 CLC detecting the appearance of a flame and the controlling testing program using LabVIEW software package were developed and tested. The results obtained are reproducible. Its main advantage is time-saving.

USB-based radiation monitor

The Universal Serial Bus has become a dominant interface for the connection of standard peripheral devices to a PC computer. This paper analyzes the possibilities of USB bus applications in the field of measurement and environmental monitoring. As a result, a gamma radiation monitor consisting of an USB-based universal peripheral device and a gamma probe with a GM counter, has been designed. For the interfacing monitor with the powerful and easy to use LabVIEW software package, an instrument driver as a set of virtual instruments has been developed. The proposed monitor is a flexible instrument which can be used for laboratory measurements, as an environ mental radiation monitor or for training purposes. Connected to the laptop computer, the monitor becomes a portable instrument suitable for field measurements. Basic measurements and functionality properties of the radiation monitor are presented here.