Aspects Of Software Engineering Research Articles

Development of Website based Multiple Representation on Buffer Solution Topic in Chemistry Learning

Buffer solution is one of chemistry difficult topics. It contains theory, calculation, and experimentation, so it requires good analysis and understanding of concepts. The results of interviews with students in Bintan Regency showed that the sub material of determining buffer solution components and analyzing the working principles of buffer solutions was the most difficult part because it was abstract. Multiple representations on the website media will visualize abstract things from the topic of buffer solution so as to increase the understanding of concepts from students. The research aims to produce multiple representation website on buffer solution topics and to determine its feasibility, practicality, and readability. The research method used is research and development (RD) following the 4D development model by Thiagrajan (define, design, develop, and disseminate). The sample research used 21 students and five chemistry teachers in Bintan Regency to collect user responses related to practicality and readability. The data analysis calculates the average score of the validation and response values and classifies them into the available categories. The results of the validation show that the average score of material experts is 63.5 (learning, materials, multiple representations, and evaluation aspects), while the average score of media experts is 71.5 (graphic design, software engineering, and media selection criteria aspects), which are classified as very good. The results of practicality and readability responses are 119 (learning, materials, multiple representations, evaluation, graphic design, software engineering, and media selection criteria) and 70.5 (learning, graphic design, and software engineering), which are very good categories

Transformers and meta-tokenization in sentiment analysis for software engineering

Sentiment analysis has been used to study aspects of software engineering, such as issue resolution, toxicity, and self-admitted technical debt. To address the peculiarities of software engineering texts, sentiment analysis tools often consider the specific technical lingo practitioners use. To further improve the application of sentiment analysis, there have been two recommendations: Using pre-trained transformer models to classify sentiment and replacing non-natural language elements with meta-tokens. In this work, we benchmark five different sentiment analysis tools (two pre-trained transformer models and three machine learning tools) on 2 gold-standard sentiment analysis datasets. We find that pre-trained transformers outperform the best machine learning tool on only one of the two datasets, and that even on that dataset the performance difference is a few percentage points. Therefore, we recommend that software engineering researchers should not just consider predictive performance when selecting a sentiment analysis tool because the best-performing sentiment analysis tools perform very similarly to each other (within 4 percentage points). Meanwhile, we find that meta-tokenization does not improve the predictive performance of sentiment analysis tools. Both of our findings can be used by software engineering researchers who seek to apply sentiment analysis tools to software engineering data.

Build Your Own Robot Friend: An Open-Source Learning Module for Accessible and Engaging AI Education

As artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in our society and global economy, AI education and literacy have become necessary components in college and K-12 education to prepare students for an AI-powered society. However, current AI curricula have not yet been made accessible and engaging enough for students and schools from all socio-economic backgrounds with different educational goals. In this work, we developed an open-source learning module for college and high school students, which allows students to build their own robot companion from the ground up. This open platform can be used to provide hands-on experience and introductory knowledge about various aspects of AI, including robotics, machine learning (ML), software engineering, and mechanical engineering. Because of the social and personal nature of a socially assistive robot companion, this module also puts a special emphasis on human-centered AI, enabling students to develop a better understanding of human-AI interaction and AI ethics through hands-on learning activities. With open-source documentation, assembling manuals and affordable materials, students from different socio-economic backgrounds can personalize their learning experience based on their individual educational goals. To evaluate the student-perceived quality of our module, we conducted a usability testing workshop with 15 college students recruited from a minority-serving institution. Our results indicate that our AI module is effective, easy-to-follow, and engaging, and it increases student interest in studying AI/ML and robotics in the future. We hope that this work will contribute toward accessible and engaging AI education in human-AI interaction for college and high school students.

A Hybrid Automatic Scoring System: Artificial Intelligence- Based Evaluation of Physics Concept Comprehension Essay Test

Conceptual understanding is one of the keys in physics. The purpose of this research was to develop an artificial intelligence-based system used to assist instructors in evaluating students’ conceptual understanding essay test results. This research used a method with Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model (). The research subjects were lecturers and undergraduate students of physics education at the University of Jambi. Data collection was done through interviews and tests. The instruments used in this research were interview sheets and essay questions. The results of the feasibility test analysis showed that the hybrid automatic scoring system was overall suitable with an average score of 4.40 (very suitable category) in the aspects of software engineering and visual communication. In addition, the analysis of students’ conceptual understanding using the Hybrid Automatic Scoring System showed that only 21.9% of students had good conceptual understanding. The remaining 40.6% of students fell into the partial understanding category, 9.4% fell into the specific misconception category, and 28.2% had poor conceptual understanding. These results are not very different from the results of the manual analysis. The manual analysis showed that 21.9% of the students had good concept understanding, 40.6% had partial understanding, 12.5% had specific misconceptions, and 25% had poor concept understanding. These results indicate that the Automated Hybrid Scoring System can be used as an assessment tool for essay tests of conceptual understanding. The results of this research contribute in the form of a technology that can assist physics instructors in correcting, scoring, and providing feedback on physics test scores based on essay questions.

Boosting Software Fault Prediction: Addressing Class Imbalance With Enhanced Ensemble Learning

Software fault prediction (SFP) is a crucial aspect of software engineering, aiding in the early identification of potential defects. This proactive approach significantly contributes to enhancing software quality and reliability. However, a common challenge in SFP is class imbalance (CI). Ensemble learning (EL) is a powerful strategy for refining SFP models in object‐oriented systems with imbalanced data and improving sensitivity to minority classes. This study aimed to improve the effectiveness of ensemble classes in SFP within object‐oriented systems, tackling the challenges associated with imbalanced data. It focuses on enhancing the performance of three ensemble classifiers, BalancedBagging, RUSBoost, and EasyEnsemble, explicitly designed for imbalanced datasets. In Enhanced_BalancedBagging (E_BB) and ROSBoost, random undersampling (RUS) is substituted with random oversampling (ROS). Meanwhile, Enhanced_EasyEnsemble (E_EE) replaces RUS with ROS and AdaBoost with XGBoost. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of E_BB, ROSBoost, and E_EE over their base models, achieving the highest F‐measure, balanced accuracy, and AUC. Statistical tests, such as the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, provide robust support for the enhanced models, highlighting their practical significance through substantial improvements in F‐measure and AUC, as indicated by low negative rank sums and large effect sizes.

Software Fault Prediction Using FeatBoost Feature Selection Algorithm

A critical aspect of software engineering is Software fault prediction which aims to identify and prevent errors in software systems before their release which can cause failures or issues for its users. Various techniques and tools have been developed to detect software faults, including static code analysis, dynamic testing, and machine learning-based approaches. In past few years, the world has seen a growing interest in the use of ML models for predicting software faults, as they can effectively analyse high dimensional datasets and detect complex patterns which are difficult for human experts to detect. However, developing accurate and reliable software fault detection models requires careful selection of data, feature engineering, and model evaluation. This purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive analysis of potential applications and future research directions in the field of software fault detection. The study emphasizes the importance of identifying and addressing software faults to ensure the reliability and efficiency of software systems. Additionally, the paper outlines various approaches and techniques that can be employed for effective software fault detection.

"Lala and Lulu" stories: developing android-based social media for autistic children to learn social interaction

Autistic children encounter a distinct difficulty, namely in social contact. As a result, children with autism may face difficulties when participating in social interactions in their society. Thus, it is crucial to implement strategies that might improve the social skills of children with autism. A practical approach entails the application of social storytelling. Furthermore, there is a noticeable rise in the complexity of technological innovations, exemplified by the prevalence of mobile phones. Cell phones, especially those operating on the Android platform, provide many benefits when combined with internet access and various supplementary features. This study aims to develop an Android-based social media platform that enhances social interaction skills for children diagnosed with autism. The study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this platform. This study entails conducting research and engaging in development activities using the 4D development strategy, which encompasses design stages, definition, development, and dissemination. Questionnaires are utilized as a means of gathering data. The assessment components of material consist of material attributes, language attributes, and implementation attributes. The assessment aspect of media involves both the technical aspects of software engineering and the visual communication parts. The material expert's evaluation of social media platforms based on the Android operating system resulted in a satisfactory classification, with only minimal adjustments needed to ensure precise and reliable information. The media expert's assessment was accurately classified, with ample content requiring minimal modifications. Based on expert assessments, it is recommended to conduct limited testing on students until the shortcomings of Android-based social media have been resolved. The article will comprehensively discuss the analytical method and media development.

PARTn: A plugin implementation of the Activation Relaxation Technique nouveau that takes over the FIRE minimisation algorithm

Nowadays, the interoperability and interfacing of codes and libraries have become crucial aspects of software development and engineering, and the basis for enabling and simplifying the sharing of methods and tools, both within and among communities. One of the most important bottlenecks that arises when developing and maintaining an interface of a library with an already existing software, is to keep it aligned with the development route of the latter. This might include significant changes, such as changes in the data structures used by the library, which are communicated through the interface.In this paper, an approach for inserting a new algorithm into existing software is presented, through a minimally invasive interface, that takes over an already present algorithm, and thus changes its original purpose. The approach is applied to the well-established Activation-Relaxation Technique nouveau (ARTn) algorithm, that is revisited and re-engineered to bias and take over the FIRE minimization algorithm, as presently implemented in two community codes for atomistic simulations, namely Quantum ESPRESSO (PWscf) and LAMMPS. ARTn is a well established single-ended saddle-point search algorithm that allows for the exploration of potential energy surfaces. The resulting algorithm acts as a plugin, and is distributed in the form of an external library (pARTn). Program summaryProgram Title: plugin Activation Relaxation Technique nouveau (pARTn)CPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/xpwr56d2yk.1Developer's repository link:https://gitlab.com/mammasmias/artn-pluginLicensing provisions: Apache-2.0/GPLv3Programming language: Modern Fortran and C++Nature of problem: Original ARTn implementation was difficult to interface, port and maintain.Solution method: Full refactoring and re-engineering into a library, which utilizes and biases a minimization algorithm already implemented in the engine, to make it behave as ARTn. The biasing is done by reverse-engineering specific external conditions that drive the displacement of atoms.

Human Aspects in Software Engineering: Challenges, best practices and future direction

Human Aspects in Software Engineering: Challenges, best practices and future direction

The development of rubi web (rumah biologi web) in biodiversity concept

This study aims to develop a web-based learning media, namely RUBI WEB (Rumah Biologi Web) in the concept of biodiversity. The research method used in this research is a modified development research method from Borg & Gall (2003) whose stages consist of information gathering, planning, product development, and initial field trials. Aspects of the assessment of the material assessed include aspects of material and aspects of language, then aspects of media assessment that are assessed include aspects of software engineering, aspects of instructional design, and aspects of visual communication. The results of the material feasibility test by material experts obtained a percentage value of 80% and media feasibility tests by media experts obtained a percentage value of 83.4%. The results of the user response test by students obtained a percentage value of 86. Therefore, it can be interpreted that the RUBI WEB website learning media in the concept of biodiversity is included in the grade A+ category with a range of percentile ratings between 96-100%, best imaginable adjectives category, acceptable level of acceptance, and NPS (Net Promotore Score) in class promoter, i.e. users are satisfied and loyal to RUBI WEB media, so that they can make users want to recommend this media to others

MUNAROH: PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA KOSAKATA BAHASA ARAB DENGAN APLIKASI ISPRING SUITE PADA ANAK USIA DINI

This research is motivated by conditions in the field that lack of learning media, especially for the introduction of Arabic vocabulary for kindergarten / RA children. So far, teachers have only used picture cards and singing as media, but the implementation has not been maximized because the media is not dynamic enough to see the development of technology which is very fast now. 
 The problems studied in this study are (1) how to analyze teacher needs for the MUNAROH (Mufrodat Anak Raudhotul Athfal) Multimedia Arabic Vocabulary Media with the iSpring Suite Application for Kindergarten/RA Children in Semarang, (2) how is the prototype of MUNAROH, and (3) how is expert validation and revision of the MUNAROH (Mufrodat Anak Raudhotul Athfal) media prototype. The type of this research is qualitative and quantitative research (mixed method) with a research and development design(RnD). 
 The results of this study, first the teachers want MUNAROH media for TK/RA children group B. Second, the prototype of MUNAROH (Mufrodat Anak Roudhatul Athfal) is media in the form of educational games designed with a PC application display to make it easier for Kindergarten/RA teachers teach the introduction of Arabic to children in this all-digital pandemic era. Third, the results of expert validation include (1) aspects of the feasibility of content and material, (2) aspects of display, (3) aspects of software engineering, (4) aspects of communication, (5) aspects of audio and, (6) visual aspects. The result of obtaining the average overall score is 335.875. So, this learning method is declared feasible with a good predicate. Then, it can be concluded that the learning media “MUNAROH” is suitable to use.

EMITVEL (Earthquake Mitigation Visual Novel): Media For Learning Earthquake Mitigation in Elementary Schools

The study aimed to determine the process of developing EMITVEL application media as a medium for earthquake disaster mitigation in elementary schools and the effectiveness of EMITVEL media as a learning medium for earthquake disaster mitigation. This study uses questionnaires and documentation data collection techniques to adapt the research and development (R/D) phase 1 approach with EMITVEL media development variables. This study concludes by analyzing quantitative descriptions; the EMITVEL application, from the assessment of media experts, is reasonably practical as a learning medium for earthquake disaster mitigation, with details of software engineering aspects at 65%, learning design aspects at 61%, and visual communication aspects 64%. Meanwhile, the practitioner's assessment has effective criteria as a learning medium for earthquake disaster mitigation, with details of 69% software engineering, 66% learning design, and 69% visual communication. This means that the EMITVEL media is suitable as a learning medium for earthquake disaster mitigation in elementary schools.

Development of Android-Based Learning Media Applications to Determine Validity and Feasibility for Grade VII Middle School Students on Ecosystem Material

The world community has been hit hard by the covid-19 outbreak since 2 years ago until now there are still confirmed cases with a new variant. This also has an impact on the world of education, so that all learning implementers compete to create innovative learning media, easy to apply using mobile phones both online and offline in supporting the process and understanding of student material. The research objective is to develop an android-based learning media application. The development method is using the waterfall process model which is divided into six stages, namely: communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. The assessment aspect observed in the development of learning media is how the media is developed and the teaching materials contained in it. The results of the assessment through filling out instruments on learning media were developed using a scale of 4 from various aspects of observation by experts in their fields, namely: 1) Media expert validators, namely: (a) software engineering aspects 3.75; (b) aspects of learning design 3.71; and (c) visual communication aspect 3.77; 2) Validators of material experts and teachers, namely: (a) aspects of learning objectives 4; (b) aspects of learning materials 3.95; (c) aspects of learning methods 3.5; (d) aspects of learning resources 3.5; and (e) aspects of learning activities 3.75. From this assessment, it can be concluded that the developed learning media has a good predicate and is suitable for use in the learning process

Secondary studies on human aspects in software engineering: A tertiary study

Context:This study compiles the evidence reported on the human aspects of software engineering in view of providing a comprehensive catalogue of human aspects that have been examined. Objective:To summarise the existing systematic literature on human aspects in software engineering. Method:This study employs published tertiary research guidelines to investigate secondary studies published between 1940 and 2021. Results:We identified 67 secondary studies concentrating on 16 different human aspects research categories, including Agile, Economic Factors, Environmental Factors to Productivity, Success, and Teams. Several trends reveal the topics that have received the least (e.g., “software engineer controllers”) and most (e.g., “individual human aspects”) attention in research. Outcomes show that the number of secondary studies on human aspects in software engineering continues to rise when compared to other software engineering topics, despite experiencing a significant drop in 2020. Many secondary studies implemented established guidelines, especially those published in scholarly journals. While there is variance in the quality of published secondary studies, the average quality score across the investigated studies was 3.09 out of 4.0, with journal-published studies and one thesis having higher quality than conference and workshops papers. Specific institutions are also more central to the publication of secondary studies. Furthermore, there has been noteworthy advancement in the consideration of human aspects across the domain. Finally, we discovered several relationships among human aspects investigated. For example, the “Industry” subject of investigation is strongly correlated with the “Theoretical” study type. Conclusion:The overview provided by this study allows researchers and practitioners to gain familiarity with the current state of research on human aspects, helping researchers to identify gaps for further study and allowing practitioners to discover high-quality, evidence-based approaches to harness the power of human aspects in software engineering.

Development of Educational Game-Based Learning Media in Natural Science Subjects at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Jayapura

This research aimed to address the issue of educational technology in madrasah ibtidaiyah by producing an educational game-based learning media in the field of natural science in MI in Jayapura, Papua. The development method used in this research was the modified 4D Thiagarajan model. This research consisted of three stages: Define, Design, and Develop. The educational game-based learning media, named GALAKSI Application, was evaluated by validators to determine the feasibility of the learning media to be used in MI. The instrument used was a checklist questionnaire. The data obtained was qualitative data that was converted into quantitative data and then tabulated and analyzed descriptively to determine the quality of the developed product. The research results show that the educational game-based learning media GALAKSI for natural science subjects has been developed based on the assessment of validators. The assessment results show that the aspect of display quality obtained a percentage of 85%, the aspect of software engineering obtained a percentage of 81%, the aspect of curriculum obtained a percentage of 82%, the aspect of the material presentation obtained a percentage of 95%, the aspect of implementation obtained a percentage of 97%, the aspect of evaluation obtained a percentage of 93%, and the aspect of language obtained a percentage of 92%. Based on these data, it is classified as very good (SB). The results show that the GALAKSI Application educational game-based learning media can be used for self-learning by students.

Media Pembelajaran Computer Base Training (CBT) Menggunakan Aplikasi Adobe Animate CC Mata Kuliah Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja

Computer-based training is a teaching material that can support distance lectures that demand more interesting, attractive, and efficient media. The creation of CBT learning media is carried out using the research and development (R&D) method, which involves making and testing or verifying applications and testing the applications' effectiveness. The development and manufacture of CBT media products uses the Adobe Animate CC platform, and then a feasibility test is carried out using a validation questionnaire using a Likert scale that will be carried out by the validator. Evaluation of educational media Products to 54 respondents and processing the results of the assessment from users obtained very good results with a value of 3.96 and a percentage of 79.3%, with details of the assessment of each sub-element of the software engineering aspect of 92%, the learning design aspect of 86%, and the visual communication aspect of 48%. The visual communication aspect has the lowest assessment result from the other two aspects, with three of its subaspects falling into the inappropriate category, namely audio, moving media, and interactive layout. The results of this research will become an interactive teaching platform for PPI lecturers in 2022.Keyword: Covid-19, Media, CBT, K3, Annimate CC

Selected papers from the 15th international symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Software Engineering (TASE 2021)

Selected papers from the 15th international symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Software Engineering (TASE 2021)

Pembelajaran Mobile Learning dengan Bantuan SmartApp Creator pada Pembelajaran IPA Kelas VIII Materi Sistem Pernafasan

Digital learning media currently open opportunities to increase the variety of teaching and learning processes. Digital learning media or mobile learning is a term used to describe a learning media model that adopts the development of mobile technology as a learning medium, by presenting images, audio, and text. SmartApp Creator as one of the links to create mobile learning-based media. The purpose of this article is to describe digital media innovations in empowering 21st century critical thinking skills in science learning in junior high schools. Digital learning media developed with the help of SmartApp Creator software, then tested on seven junior high school students. This small-scale trial uses a survey and a written test. The survey was conducted to measure students' interest and motivation after trying learning media and teachers' opinions regarding digital learning media, while the written test was to measure students' understanding before and after being given digital learning media. The survey results show that the majority of students are interested and motivated after using digital learning media. The teachers stated that the digital learning media was in accordance with the aspects of learning suitability, audio-visual communication, and software engineering. The results of the written test showed a significant difference between before and after using this digital learning media. Based on these results, the developed digital learning media prototype was able to attract students' interest and motivation to learn. The results of this small-scale trial show that the media development research process can be continued into a large-scale trial to measure the effects of digital learning media on 21st century skills. Keywords: interest, mobile technology, motivation, SmartApp Creator.

Development of E-Worksheet Using Using Android Educapps Application for Economic Learning

This study aims to develop an e-worksheet on learning and teaching economics using the android educapps application. The method used was research and development through the ADDIE model. The data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and documents. The implementation of the product trial was carried out at State Senior High School 2 Kendari with 50 students. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively through the results of assessments from experts, the results of product trials and the use of t-tests on the assessment of the results of electronic worksheets that had been done by students during the large product test. The results of the product assessment showed that 89.14% of all aspects of the e-worksheet have been feasible, and this percentage was the very good category. The assessment of IT experts showed that aspects of software engineering and aspects of visual communication received a score of 79.94%. The results of the material expert assessment concluded that all aspects of content feasibility, presentation feasibility aspects and language assessment aspects received a score of 91.5%. Based on this assessment, the educapps application was declared eligible as an economics learning e-worksheet for class XI at State Senior High School 2 Kendari. The results of the study have implications for teachers' understanding of the development of e-worksheets and teaching materials that can be harmonized with technological developments so that learning can be in accordance with the needs of today's global education.

PENGEMBANGAN RUBI WEB (RUMAH BIOLOGI WEB) DALAM KONSEP KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUBI WEB (RUMAH BIOLOGI WEB) IN BIODIVERSITY CONCEPT

This study aims to develop a web-based learning media, namely RUBI WEB (House of Biology Web) in the concept of biodiversity. The research method used in this research is a modified development research method from Borg & Gall whose stages consist of information gathering, planning, product development, and initial field trials. Aspects of the assessment of the material assessed include aspects of material and aspects of language, then aspects of media assessment that are assessed include aspects of software engineering, aspects of instructional design, and aspects of visual communication. The results of the material feasibility test by material experts obtained a percentage value of 80% and media feasibility tests by media experts obtained a percentage value of 83.4%. The results of the user response test by students obtained a percentage value of 86. Therefore, it can be interpreted that the RUBI WEB website learning media in the concept of biodiversity is included in the grade A+ category with a range of percentile ratings between 96-100%, best imaginable adjectives category, acceptable level of acceptance, and NPS (Net Promotore Score) in class promoter, i.e. users are satisfied and loyal to RUBI WEB media, so that they can make users want to recommend this media to others.