Software Design Patterns Research Articles

A framework for combining software patterns with semantic web for unstructured data analysis

Unstructured data is heterogeneous and variable in nature and comes in many formats, including text document (Word documents, e.g., can be converted to text), image, audio and video. Unstructured data is growing faster than structured data. It will account for 90% of all data created in the near future. Unstructured data analytics can reveal important interrelationships that were previously difficult or impossible to determine and is currently seeking to gain richer, deeper, and more accurate insights into the business and social life for gaining competitive advantage and serve society better. To realise the full potential of unstructured data analysis, new approaches need to be developed. This paper proposes an approach to combining software patterns with semantic web for constructing a data analysis framework for the above-mentioned unstructured data.

A framework for combining software patterns with semantic web for unstructured data analysis

A framework for combining software patterns with semantic web for unstructured data analysis

Patterns in enterprise management software

Abstract In this paper a study was conducted on the complex integrated software that exists on the Romanian market. This consisted in identifying and analysing the size of the enterprise, the number of users, the technical characteristics determined by the type and number of modules included in the software and other information related to the implementation, according to the supplier's specifications. The primary analysis made it possible to obtain results regarding the integrated software market in Romania in terms of customer size, field of activity, software products that include the biggest number of modules. By statistical analysis using the multivariate cluster grouping exploration technique, the degree of similarity between the software and the modules was determined, calculating the distance by means of three measurement methods: the Euclidean distance, the percentage of disagreement, and the correlation coefficient 1- Pearson-r.

Software patterns and requirements engineering activities in real-world settings: A systematic mapping study

Context: The use of software patterns has been investigated extensively in the last decades. Unfortunately, scarce evidence exists about the application of software patterns at the early stages of software development. Furthermore, few works reported on their application in industrial environments. Objective: To provide an overview of the application of software patterns in real-world contexts during requirements engineering (RE) activities. Method: We conduct a systematic mapping study to gather evidence published up to March 2017. Results: the search strategies retrieved 3,070 works, of which twenty-two were selected. We identified 327 software patterns. Use Cases was, by far, the source of a higher number of patterns. Fifty percent of the papers use the patterns to elicit requirements, while the other 50% included mentions to combinations of RE activities. Most of the patterns produced an increase in the quality, as well as a reduction of the project time. Conclusions: patterns positively affect RE activities. Patterns are also useful for assisting novice developers. The measurement of the impact is not always performed with the same metrics, which makes it difficult to compare results. Practitioners need a manageable set of patterns and efficient guides for their application in real projects.

Esteemed software patterns for banking system

Software architecture plays an important role in the field of Software engineering. The main challenge of software design is to improve the quality attributes. Design phase plays an important part during this process. The designers have to take care of the complex situations. Quality of the design must also be considered during the development. The existing software architecture design methods are having the demerits with the lower quality service reliability and others. So a latest and highly developed software design patterns are necessary to work out the above drawback. This article suggests a new methodology to carry out the software design with newest set of design patterns. We proposed an esteemed software patterns for banking enterprises. The proposed work is done by extending the choice of these design patterns with bank managers and analyzed, that design patterns are highly usefulness for the designers in designing the software with esteemed patterns and preeminent quality attributes.

BTI mitigation by anti-ageing software patterns

This paper presents a time-redundant technique to mitigate Negative and Positive Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI/PBTI) ageing effects on the functional units of a processor. We have analysed the sources and effects of ageing from the device level to the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) level, and have found that an application may stress the critical paths in such a way that the circuit has half of its nodes always NBTI-stressed. To mitigate this behaviour, we propose an application-level solution to balance the stress and put the timing-critical gates of the critical path into a relaxed (balanced) mode. The results show that the lifetime of the system can be doubled by applying balanced stress patterns at the software level during the idle time of a processor system.

Romanian traditional motif - element of modernity in clothing

In this paper are presented the phases for improving from an aesthetic point of view a clothing item, the jacket respectively, with a straight cut for women using software design patterns, computerised graphics and textile different modern technologies including: industrial embroidery, digital printing, sublimation. In the first phase a documentation was prepared in the Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania from Cluj Napoca where more traditional motifs were selected specific to Transylvania etnographic region and were reintepreted and stylized whilst preserving the symbolism and color range specified to the area. For the styling phase was used CorelDraw vector graphics program that allows changing the shape, size and color of the drawings without affecting the identity of the pattern. In the patterns design phase Gemini CAD software was used and for the modeling and model development Optitex software was used. The part for garnishing the model was performed using Embrodery machine software reproducing the stylized motif identically. In order to obtain a significantly improved aesthetic look and an added artistic value the pattern chosen for the jacket was done using a combination of modern textile technologies. This has allowed the realization of a particular texture on the surface of the designed product, demonstrating that traditional patterns can be reintepreted in modern clothing

A Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) layer implemented over i2b2

BackgroundStandards and technical specifications have been developed to define how the information contained in Electronic Health Records (EHRs) should be structured, semantically described, and communicated. Current trends rely on differentiating the representation of data instances from the definition of clinical information models. The dual model approach, which combines a reference model (RM) and a clinical information model (CIM), sets in practice this software design pattern. The most recent initiative, proposed by HL7, is called Fast Health Interoperability Resources (FHIR). The aim of our study was to investigate the feasibility of applying the FHIR standard to modeling and exposing EHR data of the Georges Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP) integrating biology and the bedside (i2b2) clinical data warehouse (CDW).ResultsWe implemented a FHIR server over i2b2 to expose EHR data in relation with five FHIR resources: DiagnosisReport, MedicationOrder, Patient, Encounter, and Medication. The architecture of the server combines a Data Access Object design pattern and FHIR resource providers, implemented using the Java HAPI FHIR API. Two types of queries were tested: query type #1 requests the server to display DiagnosticReport resources, for which the diagnosis code is equal to a given ICD-10 code. A total of 80 DiagnosticReport resources, corresponding to 36 patients, were displayed. Query type #2, requests the server to display MedicationOrder, for which the FHIR Medication identification code is equal to a given code expressed in a French coding system. A total of 503 MedicationOrder resources, corresponding to 290 patients, were displayed. Results were validated by manually comparing the results of each request to the results displayed by an ad-hoc SQL query.ConclusionWe showed the feasibility of implementing a Java layer over the i2b2 database model to expose data of the CDW as a set of FHIR resources. An important part of this work was the structural and semantic mapping between the i2b2 model and the FHIR RM. To accomplish this, developers must manually browse the specifications of the FHIR standard. Our source code is freely available and can be adapted for use in other i2b2 sites.

Implications of deep learning for the automation of design patterns organization

Though like other domains such as email filtering, web page classification, sentiment analysis, and author identification, the researchers have employed the text categorization approach to automate organization and selection of design patterns. However, there is a need to bridge the gap between the semantic relationship between design patterns (i.e. Documents) and the features which are used for the organization of design patterns. In this study, we propose an approach by leveraging a powerful deep learning algorithm named Deep Belief Network (DBN) which learns on the semantic representation of documents formulated in the form of feature vectors. We performed a case study in the context of a text categorization based automated system used for the classification and selection of software design patterns. In the case study, we focused on two main research objectives: 1) to empirically investigate the effect of feature sets constructed through the global filter-based feature selection methods besides the proposed approach, and 2) to evaluate the significant improvement in the classification decision (i.e. Pattern organization) of classifiers using the proposed approach. The adjustment of DBN parameters such as a number of hidden layers, nodes and iteration can aid a developer to construct a more illustrative feature set. The experimental promising results suggest the significance of the proposed approach to construct a more representative feature set and improve the classifier’s performance in terms of organization of design patterns.

Elaboration of software requirements documents by means of patterns instantiation

Studies show that problems associated with the requirements specifications are widely recognized for affecting software quality and impacting effectiveness of its development process. The reuse of knowledge obtained from previous projects can facilitate the identification and writing of the requirements to reach the elaboration of a complete and consistent requirements document. Software patterns are a solution to capture and reuse knowledge from different contexts for the software development. On the information system domain, it is common to find a set of requirements that have similar characteristics and repeat themselves in different systems of this domain, indicating a possibility of becoming a requirements pattern. By reusing knowledge obtained in previous projects, requirements patterns can be elaborated to facilitate a more complete and consistent specification of system requirements in that domain. The advantage of using requirements patterns is to provide the software engineer a starting point for the elaboration of requirements documents, instead of starting from scratch to solve known problems. The requirements patterns can contribute to the improvement of the software quality, minimize the development time and costs, because previously defined and tested solutions are reused. This paper shows a set of functional requirements patterns and business rules elaborated to help the software engineer in the writing of the requirements document. The non-functional requirements were not considered in this project. A computational support was developed, based on that set of patterns, to facilitate the organized and complete writing of the requirements document. Case studies are presented with the use of the computational support.

Layered software patterns for data analysis in big data environment

The proliferation of textual data in society currently is overwhelming, in particular, unstructured textual data is being constantly generated via call centre logs, emails, documents on the web, blogs, tweets, customer comments, customer reviews, etc. While the amount of textual data is increasing rapidly, users' ability to summarise, understand, and make sense of such data for making better business/living decisions remains challenging. This paper studies how to analyse textual data, based on layered software patterns, for extracting insightful user intelligence from a large collection of documents and for using such information to improve user operations and performance.

Software design patterns classification and selection using text categorization approach

ContextNumerous software design patterns have been introduced and cataloged either as a canonical or a variant solution to solve a design problem. The existing automatic techniques for design pattern(s) selection aid novice software developers to select the more appropriate design pattern(s) from the list of applicable patterns to solve a design problem in the designing phase of software development life cycle. GoalHowever, the existing automatic techniques are limited to the semi-formal specification, multi-class problem, an adequate sample size to make precise learning and individual classifier training in order to determine a candidate design pattern class and suggest more appropriate pattern(s). MethodTo address these issues, we exploit a text categorization based approach via Fuzzy c-means (unsupervised learning technique) that targets to present a systematic way to group the similar design patterns and suggest the appropriate design pattern(s) to developers related to the specification of a given design problem. We also propose an evaluation model to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach in the context of several real design problems and design pattern collections. Subsequently, we also propose a new feature selection method Ensemble-IG to overcome the multi-class problem and improve the classification performance of the proposed approach. ResultsThe promising experimental results suggest the applicability of the proposed approach in the domain of classification and selection of appropriate design patterns. Subsequently, we also observed the significant improvement in learning precision of the proposed approach through Ensemble-IG. ConclusionThe proposed approach has four advantages as compared to previous work. First, the semi-formal specification of design patterns is not required as a prerequisite; second, the ground reality of class label assignment is not mandatory; third, lack of classifier’s training for each design pattern class and fourth, an adequate sample size is not required to make precise learning.

Approach to mine influential functions based on software execution sequence

In software system, there are some functions of great importance in controlling the whole process of software execution. When they are damaged, the software will suffer from catastrophic consequences caused by cascading failures. To accurately identify and protect these influential functions has become a necessary method in software security. Thus, in this study a new approach to efficiently mine influential functions based on software execution sequence is proposed. First, the authors design a novel modelling strategy by which software execution traces are modelled as sequential patterns. Owing to loops, patterns can occur multiple times in a trace, which leads to high cost of time and extreme complexity of the research. Then, an algorithm is designed to remove repetitive patterns in software and software influential nodes mining algorithm is put forward to mine influential functions in software and to rank them by the rank-index. Finally, by comparatively analysing the top-ten functions got from PageRank and those from Degree-Based algorithm, the approach is proved to be an effective and accurate one which combines advantages of the two classic algorithms.

A verifiable framework for smart sensory systems

Reliability of smart sensory systems is an emerging quality requirement. The backbone infrastructure requires network controllers and service-programs to share some computing resources; forcing them to interleave concurrently. Such weaving affects the overall reliability, modularity and scalability of these systems. Therefore, separating the implementation of network controllers from the service-programs in a modular design will facilitate enhancing their quality properties. In this paper, a software design pattern has been proposed for the purpose of modularising the design of WSN software components, in which interleaving problems are automatically detected at design-time. Furthermore, the proposed framework allows for abstracting complex systems to depict their behavioural transitions. The proposed framework has been applied to smart irrigation and smart grid models. In both experiments, the proposed technique was able to detect the synchronisation errors. The results showed that the proposed modular design minimises the communicating messages and, therefore, the required level of energy.

Learning by Redesigning Programs: Support System for Understanding Design Policy in Software Design Patterns

Design patterns are good designs in object-oriented design and are generated experientially by predecessors. The objective of this research is to develop a learning method for understanding the experience knowledge of developing a good design, which lies behind the design patterns. Design policy to create the design patterns can be understood deeply if learners could have similar experiences to predecessors' experience through trial and error producing the design patterns. In this paper, we propose a learning method of reliving predecessors' experience by transforming a program with a design pattern into that without a design pattern (alternative solution). Additionally, we develop a support system that encourages learners of experiencing the learning method. A support system holds the knowledge of appropriate alternative solution, which reduces the benefits of object-oriented design and generates advice so that learners can generate appropriate alternative solutions. Experimental results obtained using our support system showed that the proposed method was effective for a deep understanding of design patterns and the importance of the learning method.

Learning by redesigning programs: support system for understanding design policy in software design patterns

Design patterns are good designs in object-oriented design and are generated experientially by predecessors. The objective of this research is to develop a learning method for understanding the experience knowledge of developing a good design, which lies behind the design patterns. Design policy to create the design patterns can be understood deeply if learners could have similar experiences to predecessors' experience through trial and error producing the design patterns. In this paper, we propose a learning method of reliving predecessors' experience by transforming a program with a design pattern into that without a design pattern (alternative solution). Additionally, we develop a support system that encourages learners of experiencing the learning method. A support system holds the knowledge of appropriate alternative solution, which reduces the benefits of object-oriented design and generates advice so that learners can generate appropriate alternative solutions. Experimental results obtained using our support system showed that the proposed method was effective for a deep understanding of design patterns and the importance of the learning method.

Comparación de Uso del Patrón de Diseño Decorator y la Programación Orientada a Aspectos en .NET para Modularizar Incumbencias Cruzadas

Looking for modular .NET software solutions, this article describes and illustrates how to produce modular .NET solutions through the use of the object-oriented software design pattern Decorator and the aspectoriented programming (AOP) tool PostSharp for the crosscutting concerns modularization of an application. The application is a base and traditional crosscutting concerns example (logging example). This article presents solutions of logging by the use of Decorator and PostSharp for the modularization of its crosscutting concerns. It also gives details of the advantages and disadvantages of both solutions. Furthermore, this article specifies AOP information that is part of PostSharp and proposes applying PostSharp and Decorator to achieve higher modularity level solutions.

Transformation of compound SOA Design Patterns

Abstract: Software Design Patterns provide architects and developers with reusable software elements helping them to master building complex software systems. In real applications, problems are complex and their solutions can be represented by compound patterns that require the combination and reuse of two or more design patterns. In this paper, we propose a transformation approach of compound SOA design patterns based on two types of transformations. The first type, is an M2M (Model to Model) transformation. It allows to transform SOA design patterns modeled with the semi-formal SoaML language and linked together with composition operators to a compound pattern. The second type, is an M2T (Model to Text) transformation. It allows to transform compound pattern model to Event-B specifications. So, the compound pattern will have a graphic representation and a formal description.

Implementación y evaluación de una nariz electrónica para la detección de alcoholes lineales

Se desarrolló una nariz electrónica que permite la detección de alcoholes de manera sencilla y económica en comparación con las narices electrónicas tradicionales. Está basada en cuatro sensores de gas de SnO2 (dos comerciales y dos fabricados en el laboratorio), un sistema neumático irregular, un hardware y software para adquisición de datos y un software de reconocimiento de patrones. Se evaluó el comportamiento de la nariz y las condiciones de trabajo con muestras de vapor de alcoholes (metanol, etanol, n-butanol y 1-octanol) y se determinó que los alcoholes se pueden detectar con el arreglo de sensores preparado y pueden diferenciarse entre sí haciendo uso del análisis estadístico de componentes principales (PCA). El orden de detección encontrado para los alcoholes lineales fue el siguiente: metanol > etanol > n-butanol > 1-octanol. Se encontró también que haciendo uso del análisis de componentes principales (PCA) y realizando una normalización de los datos en el software de reconocimiento de patrones, la varianza total de las muestras también aumenta del 76% al 85%. Esto demuestra que una nariz simple y económica puede clasificar bien las muestras evaluadas.

A user-oriented resource scheduling method for improving agile software pattern in cloud environment

The crowdsourcing, as a service pattern in cloud environment, usually aims at the cross-disciplinary cooperation and creating value together with customers and becomes increasingly prevalent. Software process, as a kind of software development and management strategy, is defined as a series of activities implemented by software life cycle and provides a set of rules for various phases of the software engineering to achieve the desired objectives. With the current software development cycle getting shorter, facing more frequent needs change and fierce competition, a new resource management pattern is proposed to respond to these issues agilely by introducing the crowdsourcing service to agile software development for pushing the agility of software process. Then, a user-oriented resource scheduling method is proposed for rational use of various resources in the process and maximizing the benefits of all parties. From the experimental results, the proposed pattern and resources scheduling method reduces greatly the resource of project resource manager and increases the team resource utilization rate, which greatly improves the agility of software process and delivers software products quickly in crowdsourcing pattern.