Software Assistance Research Articles

Automated artificial intelligence and machine learning based software assists to identify wall motion abnormalities in the left anterior descending territory

Abstract Background Echocardiography is widely used for identification of wall motion abnormalities in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Segmental wall motion (SWM) is evaluated in practice, qualitatively, by visual estimation. SWM evaluation is known to be complex and time consuming, demands high level of expertise and subjective, especially when providing segmental scores to individual segments. To assess regional rather than global impairment, individual segments, when identified as abnormally contracting, are further evaluated to assess if they are linked to a muscle territory supplied by a specific coronary artery, which may imply impairment in blood supply. We labeled this decision-making process as "Territory logic" (TLG). The Left Anterior Descending (LAD) coronary artery supplies blood to a large mass of the left ventricular muscle, thus, when involved, proximal obstruction is life threatening and early diagnosis may be crucial. An artificial intelligence (AI) based platform for automated analysis of echocardiographic examination includes a machine learning based module, trained using 735 echo exams, for automated SWM evaluation. The module utilizes the four, two and three chamber apical views and provides segmental scores based on 16 segments model, scoring each segment as normal, hypokinetic or akinetic. Purpose To evaluate the ability of an AI based application to identify contractility impairment in the LAD territory compared to visual estimation, when applying TLG to both methods. Methods A total of 161 exams collected from two medical centers were included in the study, 64% male, mean age 60±16 years. 48 (29%) had normal LV function, 76 (47%) had previous myocardial infarction. The SWM evaluation by visual estimation was used as reference. Four, two and three chamber apical clips were manually selected from each exam. The module processed the clips automatically. The identification of impairment in the LAD was evaluated by applying TLG to both methods (Fig.1). Results 143 exams (89%) in which automated processing was possible for all three apical views were included in the analysis. The comparison between the automated and reference results showed a good ability to identify impairment in the LAD by TLG, with specificity and sensitivity of 87% and 80% respectively. The results are summarized in (Table-1). Conclusions The AI based platform for automated SWM evaluation can assist in identifying wall motion impairment in the LAD territory, comparable to the logic used in clinical practice.

Comparison of software-assisted and freehand methods of rotational assessment for diaphyseal tibia fractures

ObjectiveAccurate rotational reduction following tibial shaft fracture fixation is absent in up to 36% of cases yet may be critical for lower extremity biomechanics. The objective of this cadaveric study was to compare the results of freehand methods of reduction with software-assisted reduction.MethodsFour fellowship-trained orthopaedic trauma surgeons attempted rotational correction in a cadaveric model with fluoroscopic assistance (without radiographic visualization of the fracture site) using (1) their method of choice (MoC) and (2) software assistance (SA). After correction, deviation from baseline rotation was calculated.ResultsThe mean difference between the two methods (MoC–SA) was − 0.2° which was not statistically significant. There was no difference in variability between methods. The rate of clinically relevant rotational deformity (> 15°) was 28% using MoC and 31% using SA.ConclusionRotational assessment of diaphyseal tibia fractures in this cadaveric model was not significantly different when compared between method of choice and software augmentation.

Diabetic Foot Ulcer Beyond Wound Closure: Clinical Practice Guideline.

A total of 37.3 million Americans have diabetes, and 96 million more have prediabetes. Hyperglycemia, the hallmark of diabetes, increases the risk for diabetes-related complications, including skin breakdown and cardiovascular disease. Many clinical practice guidelines exist, but there are gaps regarding the best approaches to assess physical fitness and mobility in adults with diabetes; incorporate exercise into the care plan; and reload the diabetic foot after ulcer closure has occurred to avoid ulcer reoccurrence. The purpose of this clinical practice guideline was to review and assess previously published guidelines and address gaps within the guidelines specific to the following: best screening tools/tests and interventions to prevent a future reulceration, best screening tools and interventions to assess and address mobility impairments, best tools to measure and interventions to address reduced physical fitness and activity, best approach to reloading the foot after ulceration closure and, finally, whether improvement in physical fitness will positively change quality of life and health care costs. The Guidelines Development Group performed a systematic literature search and review of the literature. A total of 701 studies were identified. Following duplicate removal and exclusion for irrelevance, 125 studies underwent full-text review, and 38 studies were included. Recommendations were developed using a software assistant created specifically for guideline recommendation development. Recommendations resulted for physical fitness and activity inclusion and measurement for adults with diabetes and with or without foot ulceration. Exercise and physical activity should be prescribed according to the physiologic response of an adult with diabetes to exercise and preferences for optimizing long-term quality of life and reduce health care costs. Reloading following diabetic foot ulcer closure should include maximal offloading, especially during the first 3months; loading should be titrated using a footwear schedule. Further research is necessary in the areas of exercise in the wound healing process and the assessment of methods to reload a newly reepithelialized ulcer to prevent recurrence.

Comparison of software-assisted and freehand methods of rotational assessment for diaphyseal femur fractures

ObjectiveAccurate rotational reduction following femoral shaft fracture fixation is absent in up to 28% of cases yet is critical for lower extremity biomechanics. The objective of this cadaveric study was to compare the results of freehand methods of rotational reduction with software-assisted rotational reduction.MethodsFour fellowship-trained orthopedic trauma surgeons attempted rotational correction in a cadaveric model with fluoroscopic assistance using (1) their method of choice (MoC) and (2) software assistance (SA). After correction, deviation from baseline rotation was calculated.ResultsThe mean difference between the two methods (MoC–SA) was 1.1 which was not significant when comparing all raters and between raters individually. SA had significantly less variability compared to MoC. The rate of clinically relevant rotational deformity (> 15°) was 28% using MoC and 11% using SA.ConclusionRotational assessment of diaphyseal femur fractures in this cadaveric model was not significantly different when compared between method of choice and software augmentation.

A linguistic analysis of female and male opening posts on an online forum dedicated to pain

Previous research has highlighted differences in the way that men and women talk about pain and in the extent to which word choices correspond with language-based diagnostic tools for pain, specifically, the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). In this study, we apply procedures from Corpus Linguistics, in which computer software assists in identifying statistically significant patterns in language use, to explore 8697 Opening posts to an online forum dedicated to pain. We determine the extent to which descriptions of pain in the forum include terms that appear in the MPQ and we consider female contributions and male contributions to investigate how reports of pain and its effects relate to gender. Our findings show that there is a large set of vocabulary that is used by both female and male contributors in relation to various aspects of pain experiences. In addition, female contributors to the forum use a wider variety of terms in reference to the quality, intensity, duration and regularity of pain, including a larger number of terms that appear in the MPQ. In sum, female contributors use a wider range of terms in relation to pain and differences in the contexts in which female and male contributors discuss the impacts of pain correspond with gender tropes. Understanding the impacts of pain on individuals’ social lives and recognising how this and the articulation of pain experiences is informed by gender conventions can help health professionals to respond effectively.

Software using artificial intelligence for nodule and cancer detection in CT lung cancer screening: systematic review of test accuracy studies

ObjectivesTo examine the accuracy and impact of artificial intelligence (AI) software assistance in lung cancer screening using CT.MethodsA systematic review of CE-marked, AI-based software for automated detection and analysis of...

A qualitative study on reasons for women’s loss and resumption of Option B plus care in Ethiopia

Loss to follow-up (LTFU) from Option B plus, a lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for pregnant women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), irrespective of their clinical stage and CD4 count, threatens the elimination of vertical transmission of the virus from mothers to their infants. However, evidence on reasons for LTFU and resumption after LTFU to Option B plus care among women has been limited in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study explored why women were LTFU from the service and what made them resume or refuse resumption after LTFU in Ethiopia. An exploratory, descriptive qualitative study using 46 in-depth interviews was employed among purposely selected women who were lost from Option B plus care or resumed care after LTFU, health care providers, and mother support group (MSG) members working in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission unit. A thematic analysis using an inductive approach was used to analyze the data and build subthemes and themes. Open Code Version 4.03 software assists in data management, from open coding to developing themes and sub-themes. We found that low socioeconomic status, poor relationship with husband and/or family, lack of support from partners, family members, or government, HIV-related stigma, and discrimination, lack of awareness on HIV treatment and perceived drug side effects, religious belief, shortage of drug supply, inadequate service access, and fear of confidentiality breach by healthcare workers were major reasons for LTFU. Healthcare workers' dedication to tracing lost women, partner encouragement, and feeling sick prompted women to resume care after LTFU. This study highlighted financial burdens, partner violence, and societal and health service-related factors discouraged compliance to retention among women in Option B plus care in Ethiopia. Women's empowerment and partner engagement were of vital importance to retain them in care and eliminate vertical transmission of the virus among infants born to HIV-positive women.

The Effectivenes Of Using Flash Cards To Teach Students' Vocabulary Mastery At SMP Darut Tauhid

Vocabulary is an essential element of language ability and serves as a foundation for pupils' speaking, listening, reading, and writing abilities.This study aims to determine the effectivenes of using flash cards to teach students’ vocabulary mastery at SMP Darut Tauhid. The research design is independent sample t-test, while the research method is quantitative. The participants in this study all student`classVII totaling 60 people, 30 male students and 30 female students. the data in this study were collected using instruments pre-test and posh-test (multiple choice), then normality test, homogeneity test and descriptive statistics were used to evaluate data analysis requirements. in this study the independent sample t test analysis was used to test the hypothesis using computer software assistance through the SPSS (Statistcal Package For the Scial Sciens) version 25 for windows program. Based on the results of research and discussion, the following conclusions can be drawn: There is an effectivenes of using flash cards to teach students’ vocabulary mastery at SMP Darut Tauhid. This is indicated by the results of the significance (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05 then as the basis for the performance of the decision in the independent sample test, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is The use of Flash cards effective on students‟ vocabulary at SMP Darut Tauhid.

Sensory Nervous System‐Inspired Self‐Classifying, Decoupled, Multifunctional Sensor with Resistive‐Capacitive Operation Using Silver Nanomaterials

AbstractSelf‐classification technology has remarkable potential for autonomously discerning various stimuli without any circuit or software assistance, enabling it to realize electronic skin. In conventional self‐classification systems that rely on complex circuitry for operation, integrating the sensing and algorithm processing units inevitably leads to bulkiness in devices and bottlenecks in signal processing. In this study, the novel double‐sided structure inspired by the human nervous system is newly designed for a self‐classifying sensor (SCS) without the need for additional circuits. The sensor is layered with Ag nanocomposites that have been mechanically enhanced via interface engineering and surface treatment techniques. This structure enables the resistance‐capacitance hybrid operation, facilitating the detection and distinguishment of changes in strain, pressure, and temperature within a single device, which mimics the human sensing recognition process. Moreover, the intensity of the applied stimuli is determined by analyzing the detected signal, and precise localization of the stimuli is achieved by arraying the sensors. With its self‐classification capabilities, SCS opens promising avenues for applications in soft robotics and advanced multifunctional sensor platforms, providing a sensing system characterized by simplicity and efficiency.

The Role of Spatial Distribution of Geotechnical Soil Parameters in Site Investigation

Abstract The correct investigation of the foundation soil is essential for the optimal and efficient design of any structure. The interaction of a structure with the foundation soil can only be evaluated through the physical and mechanical characteristics of the intercepted geotechnical layers on the entire zone of influence. For this reason, the role of technical documentation that includes and summarizes field investigations and laboratory tests is particularly important. An important and sometimes complicated component in providing useful design information is the division into geotechnical or computational layers. This can be done at different levels, starting from the physical characteristics such as color, grain size distribution, plasticity and consistency and can continue with the evaluation of the mechanical characteristics of compressibility and shear strength. The aim of the paper is to create a graphical representation of the geotechnical parameters using a spatial interpolation technique (Kriging method). The creation of 2D maps using SURFER software assists geotechnical engineers in the correct interpretation of the geotechnical parameters. This interpolation technique for division into layers is also useful in quarries and borrows pits, when soil is used as construction material.

Analysis of Restitution Coefficient Value on the Ball Using Tracker Software by Utilizing Video Based Laboratory

Performing experimental activities in a laboratory using the available equipment is not as straightforward as it may seem. In practice, conducting experiments can be challenging, and various factors can contribute to erroneous measurement results. One such factor is systematic errors, which occur due to inaccuracies in the measurement tools used. Additionally, error sources from external factors can also influence the measurement results. It is important to be aware of these potential errors and take appropriate measures to minimize their impact during experimental procedures. Tracker software is a valuable tool that can enhance the accuracy of experimental activities conducted in laboratories. This software assists in generating more precise data by tracking and analyzing various elements of the experiment. By utilizing tracker software, researchers can closely monitor the movement and behavior of objects, making it easier to measure and record data accurately. This technology plays a significant role in improving the reliability and efficiency of experimental procedures in the laboratory setting. From the study's objectives, it can be deduced that the restitution coefficient values obtained through manual data collection for the bekel ball are 𝑒 = 0.5136 ± 0.004214, and for the ping pong ball, it is 𝑒 = 0.4566 ± 0.01736. On the other hand, when using tracker software for data collection, the restitution coefficient value for the bekel ball is 𝑒 = 0.5397 ± 0.0008731, and for the ping pong ball, it is 𝑒 = 0.5115 ± 0.001154.

Impact of an AI software on the diagnostic performance and reading time for the detection of cerebral aneurysms on time of flight MR-angiography

PurposeTo evaluate the impact of an AI-based software trained to detect cerebral aneurysms on TOF-MRA on the diagnostic performance and reading times across readers with varying experience levels.MethodsOne hundred eighty-six MRI studies were reviewed by six readers to detect cerebral aneurysms. Initially, readings were assisted by the CNN-based software mdbrain. After 6 weeks, a second reading was conducted without software assistance. The results were compared to the consensus reading of two neuroradiological specialists and sensitivity (lesion and patient level), specificity (patient level), and false positives per case were calculated for the group of all readers, for the subgroup of physicians, and for each individual reader. Also, reading times for each reader were measured.ResultsThe dataset contained 54 aneurysms. The readers had no experience (three medical students), 2 years experience (resident in neuroradiology), 6 years experience (radiologist), and 12 years (neuroradiologist). Significant improvements of overall specificity and the overall number of false positives per case were observed in the reading with AI support. For the physicians, we found significant improvements of sensitivity on lesion and patient level and false positives per case. Four readers experienced reduced reading times with the software, while two encountered increased times.ConclusionIn the reading with the AI-based software, we observed significant improvements in terms of specificity and false positives per case for the group of all readers and significant improvements of sensitivity and false positives per case for the physicians. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of the AI-based software in a prospective setting.

Using the AIDA Method in the Design of New Elements for the Photovoltaic Mounting Structures

To address diverse challenges and accelerate the adoption of PV technology, innovative and cost-effective PV assemblies are essential. The Analysis of Interconnected Decision Areas—the AIDA method—offers a promising approach to achieving this goal by providing a structured framework for identifying, assessing, and optimizing the design of PV assemblies. The aim is to demonstrate how AIDA can be effectively used to identify and assess potential improvements in PV assembly design, leading to the development of more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly PV systems. For this, out of 54 combinations, 10 of them were retained, so that in the end only two possible solutions obtained by applying AIDA remained. Both structures were assessed by applying FEM, analysing data regarding equivalent von Mises stresses and displacements but also the existence of stress hotspots. A design insight study was also carried out. Also, the models were first built by additive manufacturing (3D printing). These models were evaluated by a manufacturer so that the evaluation matrix and criteria satisfaction matrix could be successfully completed. Therefore, AIDA can be successfully used in solving problems in product design in the field of mounting structures for PV panels. Depending on the manufacturer’s capabilities, the intended functions can be adapted quickly, because AIDA is quite simple to apply if the data of the problem are known very well. Following the application of the FEM it was concluded that the surfaces as simple as possible are to be followed in the design of components. Also, an assessment of environmental impact was successfully undertaken by means of software assistance. The decision to use one option or another is a subjective one. If the technical data are followed, then one type of structure is the one that the manufacturer should adopt as a solution to the problem. However, if the manufacturer considers that the impact on the environment is important and dedicates resources in this direction, then a different type of structure should be adopted.

PLANNING ANALYSIS OF SHEET PILE WHARF WITH PLAXIS SOFTWARE AT SPECIAL TERMINAL LAMPUNG

Special terminals are those that are located outside the Working Environment Area and the Interest Environment of the main business. Private companies with business licenses in Lampung Province want the construction of a special port or terminal. The efforts made are to analyze the planning of a special terminal wharf to serve the loading of commodity materials in the form of cement factory materials. A steel sheet pile is used as a structure on the Lampung Wharf. The purpose of this study is to determine the stability and optimality in the selection of sheet pile dimensions used by adjusting the soil conditions around the wharf. The analysis and modeling method using calculations of the Plaxis 8.2 software assistance will get the results of the analysis in the form of safety factor numbers and deformations. From the calculation and modeling of the Plaxis 8.2 software, the results of the deformation analysis are 1,29 mm and a safety factor of 1,7011. It can be concluded that the sheet pile and the selection of sheet pile dimensions used are considered safe. Keywords: port, wharf, sheet pile, Plaxis

Case-based activities for risk management education

PurposeThis study aims to describe the fundamentals of teaching risk management in a classroom setting, with an emphasis on the learning interface between higher education and the workplace environment for business management students.Design/methodology/approachThe study reviews literature that uses spreadsheets to visualize and model risk and uncertainty. Using six distinct case-based activities (CBAs), the study illustrates the practical applications of software like Palisade @RISK in risk management education. It helps to close the gap between theory and practice. The software assists in estimating the likelihood of a risk event and the impact or repercussions it will have if it occurs. This technique of risk analysis makes it possible to identify the risks that need the most active control.Findings@RISK can be used to create models that produce results to demonstrate every potential scenario outcome. When faced with a choice or analysis that involves uncertainty, @RISK can be utilized to enhance the perspective of what the future might contain.Originality/valueThe insights from this study can be used to develop critical thinking, independent thinking, problem-solving and other important skills in learners. Further, educators can apply Bloom’s taxonomy and the problem-solving taxonomy to help students make informed decisions in risky situations.

Methodological guide for teaching quadratic equations based on collaborative work

The discipline of mathematics plays a vital role in fostering logical thinking among students, establishing substantial connections with their daily experiences. Throughout the work experience at the Private Educational Unit of Quito, located in the province of Pichincha, and during the practice carried out at the IPU "Capitán Roberto Rodríguez Fernández" in Santa Clara, difficulties were identified in the consolidation of mathematical contents by part of first-year high school students, particularly in solving quadratic equations. The objective of the research was to propose mathematical exercises that facilitate the consolidation of these units. To address these difficulties, a collaborative learning approach was implemented that integrated various resources, such as programs, software and mathematical assistants, including Geogebra. These media played a significant role in the consolidation of specific concepts, propositions and procedures corresponding to the level and grade mentioned. The evaluation of the proposal was carried out based on the criteria of specialists, who considered it necessary, relevant, applicable and in accordance with the current demands of higher secondary education. With the implementation of this proposal, it is expected to demonstrate greater development of skills and the successful consolidation of content in the initial units of the first year of high school.

PENGARUH LEVERAGE & SALES GROWTH TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

The research was conducted to find out how leverage and sales growth play a role in financial distress, in the manufacturing industry listed on the IDX during the 2015-2019 period. The sample was obtained using certain criteria by purposive sampling using statistical software assistance in the form of SPSS version 21 with logistic regression analysis. Research proves that Debt asset to ratio (DAR) is able to have a significant effect on financial distress, Sales growth (SG) does not have a significant effect on financial distress. The moderating variable used is profitability, profitability proxied by return on assets (ROA) is able to significantly weaken the effect of leverage on the interest coverage ratio (ICR) and profitability is able to significantly weaken the relationship between sales growth and interest coverage ratio (ICR). The implications of this research are the need to increase the effectiveness of the company's management role in taking actions that can affect financial conditions in preventing financial difficulties.

MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND CALCULATIONS FOR 35/10 KV ELECTRICAL SUBSTATIONS IN TURKESTAN REGION USING RASTRWIN3 PROGRAM

The city of Turkestan, Kazakhstan is experiencing growth leading to an increased need for electricity. In order to meet this demand the city is upgrading its infrastructure specifically focusing on improving its 35/10 kV substations. Engineers are utilizing calculation software like RastrWin3 to design and analyze these substations.This software offers capabilities, for modeling substations. Using RastrWin3 the ability to import data from sources like drawings AutoCad, GIS maps and other relevant resources. This imported data serves as the foundation for constructing the substation model. Engineers can easily incorporate components such as transformers, feeders, circuit breakers and busbars into the model. Each element of the model can be assigned parameters like voltage, current, resistance and power to represent real world conditions. Additionally, load profiles can be generated for analysis purposes to capture fluctuations, in energy demands throughout the day and year.Numerical calculation software plays a role, in the design and analysis of substations. It provides engineers with a toolset to achieve the following objectives:1. Construct models of substations.2. Simulate the behavior of substations under operational conditions.3. Resolve issues that may arise in electrical substations.4. Enhance the design and optimization of substations.One notable software in this domain is RastrWin3 which offers capabilities for calculations and simulations related to electric substations. Engineers can utilize this program to evaluate power systems, in emergency and transient modes. Accounting for various factors such as non-linearity, power and reactive power losses, as well, as the influence of capacitive coupling.Various types of loads such, as consumer loads, substation auxiliary loads and loads from protection and automation devices are considered in the modeling process. The software RastrWin3 is utilized to design and analyze 35/10 kV substations, in Turkestan. This software assists in enhancing the precision of substation design reducing the time needed for designing and developing substations improving substation efficiency and lowering maintenance costs.

DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SOFTWARE PARA A ASSISTÊNCIA AO TRABALHADOR APÓS-ACIDENTE COM MATERIAL BIOLÓGICO

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a prototype web-based software program for managing the assistance to be provided to workers after accidents involving exposure to biological material. Method: a research study on technological production involving the development of web-based software using the Agile Scrum method. It was conceived based on data produced in convergent care research with professionals involved in welcoming and decision-making regarding injured workers. The web-based software prototype underwent evaluation by participant that use the tool and was documented. Results: the web-based software assists in recording diverse information about accidents involving biological material and provides access to information, easing prompt actions and ensuring safety in procedures, which favors decision-making and the assistance provided to the workers. Conclusion: workers' health requires technological and managerial investments, with a focus on qualified welcoming and educational management to prevent accidents.

PENGARUH LEVERAGE & SALES GROWTH TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

The research was conducted to find out how leverage and sales growth play a role in financial distress, in the manufacturing industry listed on the IDX during the 2015-2019 period. The sample was obtained using certain criteria by purposive sampling using statistical software assistance in the form of SPSS version 21 with logistic regression analysis. Research proves that Debt asset to ratio (DAR) is able to have a significant effect on financial distress, Sales growth (SG) does not have a significant effect on financial distress. The moderating variable used is profitability, profitability proxied by return on assets (ROA) is able to significantly weaken the effect of leverage on the interest coverage ratio (ICR) and profitability is able to significantly weaken the relationship between sales growth and interest coverage ratio (ICR). The implications of this research are the need to increase the effectiveness of the company's management role in taking actions that can affect financial conditions in preventing financial difficulties.