Sociology Of Literature Theory Research Articles

Fenomena Hostess di Jepang dalam Drama Cabasuka Gakuen Karya Sutradara Takashi Kubota

"The Hostess Phenomenon in Japan in the Drama Cabasuka Gakuen by Director Takashi Kubota" is the title of this study. The purpose of this study is to learn more about the phenomenon, the duties of a hostess, and the efforts made by the hostess to deliver the best possible service. The descriptive analysis method was employed in this study. Service Theory, Semiotics Theory, and Sociology of Literature Theory are the theories utilized. According to the study's findings, it is known that the hostess phenomenon can be seen in three ways, 1) factors that cause someone to become a hostess, there are (1) bad financial conditions; (2) does not have an education degree; 2) the qualifications of a hostess; 3) the job of a hostess, there are (1) welcoming clients; (2) serving clients; (3) take the client out when finished visiting. A hostess makes the following efforts to give the best service: (1) maintaining an attractive appearance; (2) being adaptable in all circumstances; (3) listening to client complaints; (4) becoming familiar with the terms used in the cabaret club; and (5) fulfilling client requests outside the cabaret club. The findings of this study show that the desire of high school students to work as hostesses, which is thought to be an easy job to obtain and do, is actually not as easy as assumed. In order to keep their place, hosts must compete with one another.

DISKRIMINASI GENDER DALAM NOVEL 5 KELOPAK MAWAR BERBISA KARYA RIA JUMRIATI DAN NOVEL KAPAK KARYA DEWI LINGGASARI: KRITIK SASTRA FEMINIS

In Indonesian literature, gender issues are frequently the subject of stories and their main focus, such as the societal structures that give rise to a patriarchal culture. Gender discrimination is the product of this patriarchal culture. This study intends to 1) describe gender discrimination against women in Ria Jumriati's novel 5 Kelopak Mawar Berbisa, 2) describe gender discrimination against women in Dewi Linggasari's novel Kapak, and 3) compare gender discrimination against women in the novels 5 Kelopak Mawar Berbisa and Kapak. Descriptive methodology along with content analysis was employed in this study. Feminist literary criticism is used as the analytical instrument in this research, which takes a mimetic approach in keeping with sociology of literature theory. The reading and note-taking method was utilized in this study to obtain data. The data analysis technique was completed in three parts, including (1) classifying and coding the gender discrimination data found in the two novels using a data classification format, (2) interpreting the gender discrimination data found in the two novels, and (3) drawing and formulating conclusions based on the data examined. The findings of this study imply that there are several forms of discrimination against women on the basis of their gender, including aggression, stereotypes, subordination, and double the workload, additionally, there is a similarity between the elements of injustice in the two novels that will give rise to various sorts of gender discrimination.

Analysis of Hedonic Behavior Portrayed in Shania Twain’s Selected Song Lyric

This research aims to describe the hedonism portrayed in Shania Twain’s song. Moreover, it also aims at describing the negative effect of hedonism on young people’s futures. The objective of this study is to analyze the hedonic behavior expressed in the song lyrics and also to describe the negative impact of hedonism, especially for the younger generation, as reflected in the song. "Ka-Ching!" is chosen as the song as it has many hedonistic behaviors, and it is taken as the main research data sung by Shania Twain. Hermeneutic Interpretation theory and Sociology of Literature theory are used. Descriptive qualitative is chosen as a research method. Based on the research, the result shows the types of hedonism expressed in Ka-Ching song lyrics consist of: The results of this research are that (1) the hedonistic issues portrayed in the song lyrics cover aesthetic and egoistic hedonism. These two types dominate the two song lyrics belonging to Shania Twain. The other result is that the ways to anticipate hedonism in life include being wise, being grateful, being simpler in life, and being closer to God.

REFLECTION OF SOCIAL CLASS CONFLICT IN “THE NOTEBOOK” NOVEL BY SPARKS

This thesis is an analysis of the novel entitled "The Notebook" by Nicholas Sparks. This novel talks about social class conflicts that occur in the United States. Where two suitors from different classes compete for the one woman they love. This thesis uses a sociological approach and analyzes the distribution of social class in this novel and the social class conflicts that occur in this novel. In this thesis, the writer uses sociology of literature theory and social class theory to analyze the novel. The method used in writing this thesis is a qualitative descriptive method. This class difference is created because of the existence of social class groups, where they classify their social class, namely the upper class and the middle class. Where the upper class does not want to accept the middle class into their class. Differences in social class are measured by power or wealth, privileges and prestige that affect the position, lifestyle, habits and behavior between the upper and middle classes so that the gap between the two classes is so striking. The conflict that occurs is the gap in social status in life or family relationships. This gap affects the thinking of upper families who cannot accept any class group lower than them to enter their family. The theory used is the theory of sociology with experts Max Weber and Karl Max.

The Appearance of Social Reality in The Dancer Ahmad Tohari by Rene’ TA Lysloff

This study aimed to describe social reality in Dancer Dukuh Paruk by Ahmad Tohari using sociology of literature theory. Analyzing the data used descriptive method, and collected bylibrary study with identifying novel “The Dancer”. From this study can be seen that there is a social reality in Dukuh Paruk. Dukuh paruk is a poor village and backward in every way. In it there are traditions that may be considered by some as taboo and violating norms, but in the village of Dukuh Paruk, they are still strong in holding onto these traditions. The social condition of people who are poor in wealth and knowledge has other social impacts. Rasus and Srintil, who are the main characters in the novel, make Dukuh Paruk village a witness to their love journey which is full of problems and challenges. However, the social problems that hinder them are not only due to their inability to unite their love, but also because of the many environmental factors that surround them. In Dukuh Paruk village, there are many social realities which represent the life of Dukuh Paruk Village which is small but has complex problems. This phenomenoncaused by some aspects such aspoverty and lack of knowledge in society. Some social reality founded in this story started from poverty, sorcery, tyranny, love, prostitution, pre-wedding sex, trickery, social jealousy and sexual abuse.

حقائق الحياة الفلسطينية في الشعر "يوميات جرح فلسطين" لمحمود درويش

Talking about Mahmud Darwis works is as if we were invited to see the real world reality. In this study, the researcher used the object of Mahmud Darwis' poetry entitled "yaumiyyatu Jurhi Falistin" because the poem depicts the real life of the Palestinian people, which is full of sadness and suffering. Therefore, this study aims to determine the real life of the Palestinian people which is described in the poem “yaumiyyatu jurhi falistiin” with the sociology of literature theory by Alan Swingewood and descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the reality of the life of the Palestinian people are described in Mahmud Dawis poetry, namely war, sadness, death and also the patriotism of the Palestinian people in defending their country.

Kondisi Sosial Rakyat Suriah Pasca Revolusi 2011 Dalam Novel Ayyām Fī Bābā ‘Amrū Karya Abdullah Maksūr: Analisis Sosiologi Sastra

Ayyām fī Bābā 'Amrū novel by Abdullah Maksūr is one of novels that came out after the Arab Spring that hit Syria. The revolution in Syria occurred because of the people's desire to overthrow al-Assad regime which had been in power for decades. Demonstrations in Syria then ended into a civil war that never ended until now. This novel takes the story of the condition of Syrian society after the Syrian revolution erupted in 2011 and describes the conflict between the military and the Syrian people. This study aims to reveal the social conditions experienced by Syrians of the Syrian revolution based on data in the Ayyām fī Bābā 'Amrū novel, the social reality of Syrian society, and the relationship between the structure of the text and the social reality of Syrian society. The theory used in this study is Alan Swingewood's the sociology of literature theory with the concept that literary work is a mirror of the age. The method used is the literary of sociology method which is a moving method of literary data. The results of this study indicate that there are several causes of the Syrian revolution mentioned in the novel, such as the desire to be free from a regime that has been in power for decades, corruptions, inspired by other Arab countries, and a long-held hatred. The social conditions experienced by the Syrian people during the revolution were experiencing intimidation from the military, the people were arrested without any fault, some Syrians were tortured in military prisons, shootings, bombings and chaos in several cities, some girls experienced sexual harassment, the people were divided between supporting the regime or opposition, and most Syrians flee to neighboring countries. The social condition that occurs in the novel is a representation of the social reality that occurred in Syrian society after the revolution in 2011.

Kondisi Sosial Rakyat Suriah Pasca Revolusi 2011 Dalam Novel Ayyām Fī Bābā ‘Amrū Karya Abdullah Maksūr: Analisis Sosiologi Sastra

Ayyām fī Bābā 'Amrū novel by Abdullah Maksūr is one of novels that came out after the Arab Spring that hit Syria. The revolution in Syria occurred because of the people's desire to overthrow al-Assad regime which had been in power for decades. Demonstrations in Syria then ended into a civil war that never ended until now. This novel takes the story of the condition of Syrian society after the Syrian revolution erupted in 2011 and describes the conflict between the military and the Syrian people. This study aims to reveal the social conditions experienced by Syrians of the Syrian revolution based on data in the Ayyām fī Bābā 'Amrū novel, the social reality of Syrian society, and the relationship between the structure of the text and the social reality of Syrian society. The theory used in this study is Alan Swingewood's the sociology of literature theory with the concept that literary work is a mirror of the age. The method used is the literary of sociology method which is a moving method of literary data. The results of this study indicate that there are several causes of the Syrian revolution mentioned in the novel, such as the desire to be free from a regime that has been in power for decades, corruptions, inspired by other Arab countries, and a long-held hatred. The social conditions experienced by the Syrian people during the revolution were experiencing intimidation from the military, the people were arrested without any fault, some Syrians were tortured in military prisons, shootings, bombings and chaos in several cities, some girls experienced sexual harassment, the people were divided between supporting the regime or opposition, and most Syrians flee to neighboring countries. The social condition that occurs in the novel is a representation of the social reality that occurred in Syrian society after the revolution in 2011.

DIMENSI SOSIAL DALAM TEKS AL-MU’TAZILAH

Al-Mu'tazilah is a portrait of the Egyptian society which lived at some point in time. As described by Thaha Husain in order to show the disparity in the social life of people who need assistance and attention from the government or the authorities. Although the society lived in modern times at that time, not few other inhabitants still remained in underdeveloped education and social life. Through his work Al-Mu'tazilah, Thaha Husain highlights a range of social dimensions of society. This is the central issue to be addressed in this study. To reveal this social dimension, the sociology of literature theory is used, which focuses on the discussion of the sociology of both the author and the literary works. Primary data relevant to the topic were examined using a qualitative method in order to obtain an objective and scientific analysis. After all course, this study is of interest to the academic community in particular, and to other communities. The benefits are to mimic the social attitudes that can be enforced in today's life. In addition, people may refrain from doing things which might harm the social environment, such as isolating someone from another society.

THE PORTRAYAL OF ENGLISH GENTLEMAN IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY AS SEEN IN DICKENS’ GREAT EXPECTATIONS NOVEL

This study deals with the portrayal of English gentleman in the 19th century as seen in Charles Dickens' Great Expectations. The purpose of this study is to describe a portrait of the English gentlemen that are represented by the characters such as Pip, Herbert Pocket, Dumble, Mattew Pocket, Mr. Jaggers and Compeyson as illustrated by Dickens. This research uses descriptive qualitative method and sociology of literature theory by Diana Lawrenson and Alan Swingewood in analyzing the relationship between the portrayal of English gentelman and its social conditions in at the time. The results of this study shows that there are several categories of gentelman title that represented by the characters in the story, namely: Drummle is gentleman by birth (aristocrats), Pip is gentleman by wealth, Gentleman by education or the gentleman students include Pip, Herbert Pocket, and Dummle. The gentleman by profession represented by Mr. Matthew and Mr.Jaggers. While moral code ethics of the gentleman can detemine a man if he the true gentleman or fake / wicked gentleman. In fact the true gentleman in this story is Mr. Matthew while the fake gentleman is Compeyson.

THE REFLECTION OF THE WORKING-CLASS LIFE CONDITIONS DURING THE VICTORIAN ERA FOUND IN OLIVER TWIST IN DICKENS’ OLIVER TWIST

This study examines Oliver Twist novel written by Charles Dickens as the object of the research. The aims of this research are to find out the conditions of working-class life during the Victorian era which are reflected in Oliver Twist novel, and to show the way Dickens reflected the conditions of working-class life during the Victorian era in Oliver’s life. This research uses the sociology of literature theory in analyzing the working-class life conditions in the novel. The method of this research belongs to qualitative research, using mimetic approach. The data of this research are words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs that indicated as the working-class life conditions as reflected in the novel. Then the result of the research shows there are seven characteristics of the working-class life condition as reflected in Dickens’ Oliver Twist such as the workhouse, fear and hopelessness, the smallest laborers, a difficult transition, an unsanitary life, crime in the city, and too much convicts; and the way Dickens reflected the working-class life conditions during the Victorian era in the novel through Oliver’s actions, dialogues, speech, thoughts, appearance and the narrations of the story.

Society’s Contribution to Silent Tendency of Sexually Assaulted Child as Reflected in Laurie Halse Anderson’s Speak

This research analyzes sexually-assaulted child’s silent tendency as depicted in Laurie Halse Anderson’s Speak. This social problem reflects one of social issues in America in 1999. I use sociology of literature theory from Alan Swingewood to analyze social issue in American society. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. I find that Laurie Halse Anderson depicts Melinda’s silent tendency is influenced by people around her. Sexually-assaulted child tends to not reporting the assault. It reflects sexual assault issue in America in 1999.

Hegemoni Kekuasaan dalam Novel Surat-Surat dari Dili Karya Maria Matildis Banda

Entitled with “Hegemony of Power in The Novel Surat-Surat dari Dili Creation by Maria Matildis Banda”. This research purpose are to know the structure and the hegemony that contained in the novel Surat-Surat dari Dili. There are three theories used in this research, which are structural theory by A. Teeuw, sociology of literature theory by Sapardi Djoko Damono, and the theory of hegemony by Raymond Williams. The method used in data collection are litereture study method which completed by technique note. Then continue using formal and informal methods to analyze the data. Furthermore, qualitative and quantitative method used as the presentation process of analysis data result, which are by interpreting and presenting data in the form of descriptions, tables, and diagrams. There are some revelation obtained based on the analysis in the novel Surat-Surat dari Dili. Firstly, in structural analysis that includes plot, characterization, and setting, they have relationships that related to each other. The relationship between the elements leads the reader to a theme, the hegemony of power. Secondly, the hegemony of the novel is divided into three processes, namely causes, implementation, and consequences. All three processes visible on events that occur , such as rape, put someone in jail, murder, and tragedy.

Profesi Host yang Tercermin dalam Manga Hosutan e Youkoso Karya Makoto Tateno

This research’s title is “Host Profession which had Reflected in Manga Hosutan e Youkoso by Makoto Tateno”. This research aimed to know the criteria to be a host in a host club in Japan. This research used the sociology of literature theory by Ratna (2009), literary trilogy theory by Wellek and Warren (1993), and semiotics theory by Danesi (2012). The results of this research showed that there are two criteria to be a host, i.e. physical criteria and non-physical criteria. In detailed, has an attractive face and has a good looking respectively. On the other hand, there are five parts of non-physical criteria to be a host, which have tolerance to alcoholic beverages, have skills to communicate with costumers, have a broad insight, adjusted well with costumer needs, and should be between 20 years to 30 years. Host profession which had reflected in manga Hosutan e Youkoso are host assignment, host level, working hours of host, host earnings, host identity, and host club. There are three parts of host assignment, i.e. welcoming costumers, assisting the costumers, and giving attention to costumers. Moreover, there are two parts of host level, that are number one host and host as herupu ‘a junior host who help the number one host in host club’.

Narasi Stratifikasi Sosial Novel Trilogi Sembilu dalam Taman Karya Ngurah Parsua

The trilogy novel ‘Sembilu dalam Taman’ is analyzed using structural theory, and the sociology of literature theory. The using of sociology of literature theory in this study is because the trilogy novel ‘Sembilu dalam Taman’ has a strong social view on the characters. There are three formulations of the problems discussed, namely: the analysis of structure, The relationships between structure and aspects of sociology of literature, and social stratification. The purpose of this research is to know structure, the relationship between structure and sociology aspect, and social stratification of characters in the novel. There are three methods and techniques used in the study, namely: (1) methods of data collection, used qualitative methods and reading techniques, observation, and record; (2) Methods of data analysis using analytical descriptive method followed by observation and record techniques; and (3) Method of the result of data analysis using description method and presentation technique result of data analysis presented in thesis preparation format. There are three results of the research, those are the analysis of structure, the relationships between structure and aspects of sociology, and social stratification of the characters. The primary character in this novel is Lodra. In addition, there are secondary characters and complementary characters. The plot in the novel is divided into five stages. Starting with the introduction of the character of Lodra, the conflict is experienced by the character, and ends with the stage of resolution of which Lodra lives happily with Sylvei. There are three settings in the story those are the dominant setting of place in Bali, the setting of time is morning, afternoon, evening, and the social setting is the people of Bali. The structure of the novel is related to the sociological aspects of literature. The aspect is divided into three namely, the behavior of rural and urban society, social status, and education. The caste system is a social stratification narrated in this novel. There are three castes found, namely, brahmins, ksatrya, and sudra. Some characters have different views about their social status. Figure Lodra who disagreed with the rules of caste, while his father was very obedient to the caste system. In the end, Lodra's father abandoned the caste rules. That was due to an increasingly advanced era and an already educated society.

Narasi Sejarah Novel Tambora Karya Agus Sumbogo: Kajian Sosiologi Sastra

The data of this study were taken from an Indonesia novel entitled ‘Tambora’ by Agus Sumbogo (2015) as a research objective caused some factors. First, ‘Tambora’ novel telling us the beginning of Lesley journey to return the precious things of Tambora’s people. Second, ‘Tambora’ novel describe the story and phenomena that exist before Mount Tambora was erupted. Third, ‘Tambora’ novel related to the destruction of the third sultanate people that is located close around Mount Tambora caused by Dutch confront Devide et Impera. The writer have analyzed the problems in the novel, such as structures, history, and social aspect of the third sulatanate which exist in Tambora area. The theory used in this study was structural theory applied to analyze the characters, especially the element of characterization, plot, and setting. Moreover, this study also presented the history revealed before Mount Tambora was erupted. The writer also uses the sociology of literature theory taken from the book by Burhan Nurgiyantoro 2005. The method used in collecting the data was literature review method with continuation technique in form of note taking technique. Afterwards, the method used in this research is descriptive analysis to describe the result related to the data that have been analyzed. Characterization in this novel can be divided into two, major character and additional characters. The major character in ‘Tambora’ novel named Lesley and additional characters are Uma, Jeff, and Wayan. The plot can be divided into three, they were beginning, middle, and an end. The plot used in Tambora novel is mixing plot. Afterward, the setting is divided into three, place, time, and social of story. This study also illustrates the history of the eruption of Mount Tambora either in fact or fiction. Based on sociology of literature theory, there are found some aspcets revealed in the Tambora novel, that is good and bad moral aspects, political aspect Devide et Impera, economic aspects of Tambora people, social aspect of the good and bad sultanates relations, and cultural aspect to do the tradition that almost extinguished.

Upacara Kematian dalam Tradisi suku Toraja dalam Novel Puya ke Puya Karya Faisal Oddang: Kajian Sosiologi Sastra

The object of this study is novel Puya ke Puya by Faisal Oddang. Novel Puya ke Puya is analyzed using the theory of structure and the theory of sociology of literature. The using of sociologyof literature theory in this study is appropriate because the novel Puya ke Puya has a strong social view on the characters. The problems discussed are structural and social aspects of the Toraja contained in the novel Puya ke Puya. The structure of novel Puya ke Puya, include: characterization, plot and setting. Characterizations are divided into the main character and an additional character, the main character is Allu Ralla, additional characters are Rante Ralla, Tina Ralla, Malena, Maria Ralla, Mr. Berth, Mr. Soso and the Village Head. The plot of novel Puya ke Puya is chronological. Then the setting of place in novel Puya ke Puya is located in South Sulawesi Island, setting of time is in 2010, and the social background tell the life of the Toraja people. The social aspect of the Toraja in the novel Puya ke Puya, covering the economic, religious and cultural aspects. The economic aspect uncover the Toraja prosperity problems in society. The religious aspect explains the trust that connect people with the order of life. The cultural aspect explains the matters of custom and community habits.

LATAR SEBAGAI KEKUATAN ANTAGONIS DALAM NOVEL TELEPON KARYA SORI SIREGAR

Setting in a story consists of places, time, and socio-cultural circumstances. It functions to strengthen and to make sense the element of characterization in shaping a story line. Yet, setting can function as an antagonist force to be dealt with by the protagonist character. This interesting phenomenon can be seen in the novel Telepon by Sori Siregar. This research aims at discussing the setting in the novel both as antagonist force and as social criticism. Setting, in other words, is discussed as form, which functions as technique involving story, and as content, which function as social criticism. This research uses the theory structuralism and sociology of literature theory as the framework of analysis. The result shows that the setting of place with its entire problems make the main character, David, acts and behaves against the setting of place. It is a way for the author of the novel criticizes the society, especially people of Jakarta.