Sociology Of Knowledge Research Articles

Disparity among Indonesian Sociology of Education Textbooks

In addition to offering insight into the discipline of sociology, sociology of education textbooks constitute a major source of sociological knowledge. This article examines the scholarly content of Indonesian sociology of education textbooks by focusing on the degree of commonality between their core content and sources, and between their core content and academic scholarship. The results of this examination reveal a low level of commonality among the core contents of the seven selected textbooks—a heterogeneity that reflects not so much the plurality of Indonesian society and educational institutions or the application of sociological theories and approaches required by the Indonesian curriculum, but rather the diversity of the textbooks’ sources and their authors’ scholarly publication records.

From congenial paralysis to post-early brain injury developmental condition: Where does cerebral palsy actually stand?

Cerebral palsy (CP), an umbrella term for a developmental motor disorder caused by early brain injury (EBI)/interference, remains debated. In this essay, we present a narrative, beginning with the original anatomical-clinical description of the so-called paralysie congéniale (congenial paralysis) by the French psychiatrist Jean-Baptiste Cazauvieilh. We then discuss how the concept has evolved over the last 2 centuries. We aim to illustrate these ideas with the biopsychosocial model of health, especially in light of the current neuroscientific and sociological knowledge of human development. We endeavour to integrate 3 connected but distinct entities: (1) the EBI as a seminal turning point of the individual's story; (2) the clinical findings we call CP, when motor impairment and activity limitation related to post-EBI (or other early non-progressive brain interference) appears, and; (3) a post-EBI developmental condition that encompasses the overall consequences of an EBI. This framework should guide individual, familial and collective care discussions and research strategies beyond the scope of CP.

SOCIOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND IDEOLOGY IN THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC: THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION PROCESSES OF A DISCIPLINE

This article analyzes the dissemination of sociological knowledge in the social sciences and humanities (SSH) and other fields of cultural production in the German Democratic Republic (GDR), from the early postwar period to German reunification. In this regard, I investigate the relationships between sociology and politics, taking into account the specific contexts of the GDR-State and the institutionalization processes of these disciplines. To prevent a deterministic understanding of political power on academic and scientific systems, I adopt the Bourdieusian concept of field (cf. Bourdieu 1966; 1984; 1985; Bourdieu and Wacquant 1992; Bourdieu and Boltanski 2008). This concept allows me to highlight how the relationship between the academic and political fields changed over time by simultaneously looking at the influences of political, cultural, social and economic transformations of GDR society on the political goals of the GDR-State and the strategies of sociologists within the broader field of production of sociological knowledge.

Taking Race Live: Exploring experiences of race through interdisciplinary collaboration in higher education

In this article we discuss an interdisciplinary and collaborative four-year project, Taking Race Live, that explored lived experiences of race among students enrolled at an ethnically diverse university in England. Utilizing qualitative methods to evaluate the project each year, we draw on students' voices to address their experiences of race, partnering with interdisciplinary peers and learning about each other. Framing the discussion are the concepts of 'liveness' and 'public sociology' proposed by sociologists to bring sociological knowledge alive. Attention is given to how this was done through engaging with the arts and embodied practices found within drama, dance and music.

From anthropocentrism to sociology of things and digital sociology

The genesis of socio-humanitarian and sociological knowledge, namely: understanding and studying the phenomenon of human life, its biological, vital, informational and social aspects has been revealed. The regularity of the transformation of anthropocentrism under the influence of the development of science and technology, the emergence of the concept of post-humanism has been substantiated. The examples of man-made disasters, the use of weapons of mass destruction, as social facts, that had a significant impact on the development of mankind, have been adduced. The conditions for the emergence of object-oriented sociology and the sociology of things have been shown, some scientific approaches have been disclosed within the framework of this concept of Graham Harman, Brun Latour and his followers. Separately, the methodological approaches of the actor-network theory have been disclosed, the main one has been highlighted. Separately, the methodological foundations of cognition of the world of things have been described within the framework of object-oriented sociology, related to the rejection of opposing pairs of the concepts “society and nature”, “truth is non-truth”, “structure and process” and others. The connection of this theory with the sociology of translation has been shown. The characteristic of the problems of development of the scientific and methodological base of digital sociology in the context of changing the content of social relations “man – machine” on the example of the information and communication network Internet has been given. Among them, have been allocated the problems of delegation to digital technologies, more and more powers in solving complex socio-technical problems, the global centralization of digital resources management, the emergence of virtual actors of social interaction. The author reduces specific examples of the use of actor-network theory to interpret the processes and phenomena of interaction between users of Internet resources with individual components of the Internet. Separately, promising areas of research in this area, related to the phenomena of the Internet of things and neuronet, have been highlighted.

Sociology of Higher Education in Structure of Branch Sociological Knowledge: a Problem of Constitution

The article deals with the problem of the constitution of sociology of higher education as a branch of sociological knowledge. Describing the features of this branch, the authors give an interpretation of the object and subject of sociology of higher education, show their relationship with the object-subject field of sociology. The constitution of sociology of higher education is shown within the process of branch differentiation of sociological knowledge as one of the main trends of its development. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of special sociological theories in the structure of branch sociology, their correlation with branch knowledge is emphasized. Among the special sociological theories of higher education, the authors separate and describe in detail the theory of non-linear higher education.

Sociology and Digital Culture

The society increasingly based on digital culture is already an unavoidable reality. This paper aims to contribute, in a preliminary way, to understand several of the implications in Sociology that this propagation of digital culture involves through a bibliographical review. We analyse several implications in dimensions such as the very purpose of Sociology (highlighting digital literacy and the level of democracy) and social research (addressing issues raised by the big date, the interdisciplinary dialogue between Sociology and other scientific areas, and new ethical dilemmas). We conclude that there are profound implications both in the research object and in the research processes of Sociology, which we will develop in later phases of the dissemination of this research. As a major implication, the reflective capacity of sociological knowledge is central to the preparation for this new reality, but, at the same time, also to a well-founded critical understanding of digital society.

Sociology of culture in Russian textbooks

A textbook on the sociology of culture is seen as a way of systematization of knowledge in this branch of sociology and as a didactic mechanism for student learning. The role of such a textbook is analyzed at three levels: 1) the existence of the concept of the textbook that meets the characteristics of the scientific status of sociology of culture; 2) the severity of the problem approach, correlated with the capabilities of the sociology of culture compared to other disciplines and scientific fields studying culture and its various types and forms; 3) the priority of the theoretical or applied aspects of the sociological study of culture. A chronological perspective on the main subject of the article allows to judge about the specifics of the development of sociology of culture as a branch of science, which is reflected in textbooks and teaching materials. On the other hand, this vector points to the potential of each individual tutorial to develop sociological knowledge about the culture. Taken together, these circumstances point to the problematic aspects of conceptualising how the field of sociology and the possibility of teaching this discipline at the University.The article focuses on the understanding of the role of the textbook in the didactic plan, but in the sociology of culture the textbook is considered not only as a way to teach the student, but also as a factor of enriching the field of sociology with new approaches and new knowledge in general. Thus, a textbook on the sociology of culture can be given the status of a scientific publication. Often the textbook at the same time performs a heuristic function, which allows you to realize a rather controversial potential of sectoral sociology more productively among students.

The impossibility of sociology as a science; arguments from within the discipline

AbstractThis paper addresses a key moment in the development of sociology when its status as a science was criticised from within by ethnomethodologists (Harvey Sacks and Harold Garfinkel), post‐Althusserian Marxists (Barry Hindess) and Michel Foucault. These criticisms seemed to come from different sides, but they converged in arguing their positions from the point of view of a proper conception of science through which mainstream sociology was found wanting. Neither secured its own position and each had a similar legacy of a form of interpretivism hostile both to scientific sociology and its critical project. The paper situates this moment and its legacy where both correspondence and coherence criteria for sociological knowledge claims come to be undermined.

АДДИКТИВНОЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЕ КАК РАЗНОВИДНОСТЬ ДЕВИАЦИИ: СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ

The article deals with the separation of a special type of deviation – addiction as a sociology of dependent behavior. Also, new sociological knowledge uses a structural and functional approach to the study of both deviant behavior in general and addictive behavior in particular. Addiction stands out as a special type of deviant behavior that society and social groups need to stop with the help of legal and preventive actions. However, a detailed consideration of the prevention of addictive behavior in the study of deviantology leads to the conclusion about the ineffectiveness of this theory in terms of correction and prevention of modern types of addiction.

A literatura de Clarice Lispector como instrumento de subjetivação em aulas de Língua Portuguesa

O artigo destaca a subjetivação presente nos textos de Clarice Lispector como instrumento que possibilita o leitor/leitora-aluno/aluna adentrar-se nas camadas mais profundas do texto e com isso alcançar o caráter humanizador proveniente da arte literária. A partir dos estudos das obras “A paixão segundo G.H” e “Água Viva” foram produzidas análises que buscaram, por meio da construção das personagens, apresentar reflexões que possibilitem o trabalho em sala de aula considerando o aluno/aluna-sujeito em sua dimensão existencial, espiritual e intimista. O texto evidencia que a literatura de Lispector é para o professor e professora de língua portuguesa uma ferramenta de transformação do aluno e aluna, pois possibilita a formação humana, por meio de uma abordagem que une os conhecimentos de arte, filosofia, sociologia e psicologia.

Theoretical and Empirical Knowledge in Sociology: Recent Challenges and Prospects for Interaction (XX Kharchev's Readings)

Theoretical and Empirical Knowledge in Sociology: Recent Challenges and Prospects for Interaction (XX Kharchev's Readings)

Faking sociology?: A content analysis of an introductory sociology student photography assignment

I analyze student submissions from a photography-based assignment in introductory sociology. In this exploratory study, I address the patterns found in student submissions in order to uncover what sociological concepts students observe in their everyday lives. My primary research question, therefore, is what do introductory sociology students see when they are given few guidelines as to what they “should” see? The intent of this research is to focus on what concepts students identify, not my interpretation of students’ meaning. Students identify a range of concepts, yet tend to focus on broad (e.g., norms) rather than specific (e.g., folkways) or abstract (e.g., sociological imagination) concepts. By analyzing student submissions across semesters, I can illuminate where students are successful and where they are struggling. Moreover, this analysis demonstrates that students are superficially meeting the standards of the assignment, but it is still unclear whether students are demonstrating a grasp of sociological knowledge or relying on pre-existing common-sense knowledge to complete the assignment.

Crítica e perspectiva filosófica do <i>sapere aude</i> kantiano no Instituto Federal do Pará: o retrocesso do novo ensino médio

O artigo reflete sobre a importância do discurso filosófico como pensamento reflexivo a partir do conceito de aufklärung kantiano em uma instituição de ensino. Trata-se de resultados parciais de pesquisa em andamento na coordenação de pesquisa do campus Conceição do Araguaia –PA. Tem como metodologia pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa. Tem como objetivo ressaltar as garantias de pensamento autônomo, portanto, liberdade de expressão e uso público da razão no Instituto Federal, tendo em vista a formação do pensamento autônomo e os entraves para o estabelecimento desde provocados pela lei nº 13.415, de 16 de fevereiro de 2017 e das Diretrizes do IFPA dela decorrente. Percebe-se como discussões que não há crítica, nem autocrítica sem autonomia. A lei que reformula o novo ensino médio prioriza o saber tecnológico em detrimento do saber humano. O IFPA em comunhão com esse pensamento meramente tecnocrático cria as Diretrizes para Reorganização dos Cursos Técnicos na Forma Integrada do IFPA. Como considerações finais percebe-se que o documento cerceia a autonomia de pensamento proporcionada pelas humanidades. Priva os alunos de amplo conhecimento filosófico e sociológico. É um disciplinamento da criticidade do aufklärung.

Возможна ли социология для трудящихся классов сегодня?

Татьяна Степановна Лыткина – кандидат социологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт социально-экономических и энергетических проблем Севера Коми НЦ УрО РАН. Адрес: 167982, Сыктывкар, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 26. Е-mail: tlytkina@yandex.ru
 Светлана Сергеевна Ярошенко – кандидат социологических наук, доцент, кафедра сравнительной социологии, факультет социологии, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет. Адрес: 191124, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Смольного, д. 1/3. Е-mail: svetayaroshenko@gmail.com
 Цитирование: Лыткина Т.С., Ярошенко С.С. (2019) Возможна ли социология для трудящихся классов сегодня? // Мир России. Т. 28. № 1. С. 101–123. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-1-101-123
 В статье анализируются возможности приращения социологического знания о росте социального неравенства через изучение трудящихся и прежде всего рабочего класса, вынужденного продавать рабочую силу в условиях снижения статуса. Через обращение к истории социологической мысли рассматривается значимость категории социального класса для становления социологии как науки. Данный тезис также проводится через анализ особенностей развития российской социологии в дореволюционный и советский периоды. Выделяется не только отличительная черта российской социологии – противостояние власти и ученых, – но и доказываются маловероятность эволюции общества без социологии и проблематичность развития социологии без общества и знания о его классообразующих механизмах. Настоящее состояние российской социологии характеризуется как инволюционное, связанное с замыканием социологов на своих интересах и противоречиях. В то время как в условиях глобализации рынка идет поиск компромисса между разными классами и требуется новое обращение к рабочему классу, российские социологи предпочитают творить социологию, пренебрегая интересами рабочих. Доказывается, что исследование текущих процессов в обществе исходя из перспектив рабочего класса способствует сокращению противоречий и может быть полезно как при реконструкции устаревших теорий, так и в разработке новых подходов. Это требует не только объединения усилий социологов в продвижении внутренней критики, но и развития публичной социологии, способствующей диалогу с обществом и лучшему пониманию происходящего.

Actuality and originality in the scientific thought of Enrico Morselli (1852-1929).

Enrico Morselli, a student of Carlo Livi, offered an original contribution to psychiatry of his time through a plurality of interests and in-depth medical, biological, neurological, anthropological and sociological knowledge. From his writings, the relevance of his theoretical reflection under different aspects emerged: epistemological, methodological and psychopathological and of humanization of the treatment of the mentally ill.

Post-Disciplinary Reading and Literary Sociology

What sociological knowledge do we possess of contemporary literary culture? Very little, as Amy Hungerford points out, for the basic reason that the objects of sociological study are “virtually unreachable by the ordinary means of scholarly inquiry.”[1] The fine-grained interactions of living, breathing social actors—writers and editors, publishers and booksellers, students

Beyond the Narratives of Decolonization: Re-situating Sociological Knowledge within the Context of Development in South Africa

ABSTRACTThis paper engages with the recent discourse on decolonization of knowledge in South Africa from a sociological perspective. It interrogates the position and relevance of both sociology and sociologists to the development aspirations of South Africa. Its basic assumption is that sociology as a discipline is invaluable to the current needs for social reformation and reconstruction in South Africa. While the relevance of sociology as a discipline consistent with unravelling the complex and complicated dynamics of social formations remains unquestioned, its value as the embodiment of social aspirations and development has been undermined by the unquestioning assumption of the superiority of knowledge systems from outside and the glaring failure to promote sociology that is both contextualized and responsive. There is no arguing the prominent role of sociology in the liberation struggles and initial encounter with imperialism; there is also no doubt that sociologists nowadays have found comfort in an uninvolving study of society and the generation of knowledge that hardly functions as an adequate anchor for the existential needs of society. This paper therefore argues for the emergence of “frontier” sociologists and sociology of relevance which interrogates knowledge from outside and critically builds conviviality between outsider and African ontologies and epistemologies.

TEORETICAL CONTROVERSY OF ECONOMISTS AND SOCIOLOGIST HOW TO PROCEED FROM MUTUAL ACCUSATIONS TO A DIALOGUE?

The author`s approach to the theme of the artificle is focused on the research of the dialogical relationship between scientific practice and its philosophical and methodological awareness, which is subordinated to the main requirement of clear awareness of the prerequisites of the philosophical and methodological solution and constructions. The object of the research: the phenomena of scientific practice of economists and sociologists who make the intellectual environment extremely unfriendly in their mutual relations of economic science and sociology for interdisciplinary research and who receive in their discussions the term “economic imperialism” and “sociological imperialism”. The object-fild of premise is distinguished in the areas of economic and sociological knowledge. The purpose of the research: explication of the metaphors “economic imperialism” and “sociological imperialism”, which would allow to identify inefficient attitudes that oppose the dialogue of sociologists. Setting five tasks and determining the sequence in solving them help to achieve the goal. From the author`s point of view, the confrontational metaphors of “economic imperialism” and “sociological imperialism” have to replaced by the productive metaphor of inseparable and non-existent coexistence of economics and sociology, which is explicated to realistic methodological recommendations that can be used in the practice of scientific interdisciplinary social research.

Семья в трудах представителей казанской школы духовно-академического теизма второй половины XIX – начала XX века: осмысление библейских традиций

The article analyzes the philosophical concepts presented in the works of the representatives of the Kazan school of spiritual and academic theism, dealing with the problems of marriage and family: in particular, their understanding of biblical traditions in the conditions of socio-cultural and socio-economic realities. The basis of the material presented in the article was unpublished earlier works of Kazan researchers stored in the State archive of the Republic of Tatarstan. The author comes to the conclusion that in the Russian Empire, the representatives of spiritual and academic theism faced the task based on modern knowledge of sociology, pedagogy and psychology to give a philosophical answer to new challenges, to adapt traditional values according to the realities of life. The acquaintance of Kazan researchers with modern them ideas of Russian religious philosophy of the second half of the 19th – first half of the 20th centuries in which the family was associated with the highest moral value, the realization of love, with the commitment to excellence and integrity, fullness of being (N. Berdyaev, S. Bulgakov, B. Vysheslavtsev, V. Zenkovsky, I. Ilyin, N. Lossky, V. Solovyev, S. Troitsky, N. Fedorov, P. Florensky, G. Shimansky) had great importance for understanding the philosophical essence of family and marriage. In modern conditions of return to the bourgeois-capitalist relations, philosophical searches of Orthodox thinkers are interesting for understanding the problems and tendencies of development of family and marriage, thus representing a subject of not only historical or historical and theological research, but also historical and philosophical one.