Sociological Research Methods Research Articles

Analysis The Effectiveness of E-Court System at The Religious Court of Bangil Based on Simple Principles Quickly and Low Cost

A system can be declared successful if its application in the field has achieved predetermined objectives. The Supreme Court as the highest agency in the judicial sphere has issued a system to register cases and trials in court electronically, one of which is the Bangil Religious Court. The purpose of the study was to determine the application of the e-court system in the examination of cases at the Bangil Religious Court and to determine the effectiveness of the e-court system at the Bangil Religious Court. Research methods used by researchers are sociological empirical research methods that describe the actual environmental conditions of society supported by data and facts obtained by conducting interviews and observations. The results showed that: 1) The examination of cases at the Bangil Religious Court has not fully implemented the examination of cases using the e-court system because one of the agendas for examining cases in the trial, namely the agenda of evidence, is still carried out manually. 2) Effectiveness of e-court system implementation The Bangil Religious Court cannot run effectively because 4 factors of legal effectiveness cannot be met, namely Law Enforcement Factors there are obstacles experienced by judges in the verification process in the e-court system, Facilities and Infrastructure Factors related to network system constraints from the center and facilities that are less attractive to the community, Community Factors that do not understand technological developments, Cultural Factors The difficulty of transitioning people's way of life from conventional to electronic. The factor that is fulfilled is Law Enforcement Factors evidenced by the issuance of PERMA Number 1 of 2019. Suggestion that the Supreme Court improve network repair and maintenance on the e-court system to avoid system errors at certain times and often conduct socialization related to e-court renewal.

Globalization and Chinese Culture (Based on the Works of Chinese Scientists)

The research is aimed at s tudying the works of Chinese authors on the influence of globalism on Chinese culture.Aim. To identify the peculiarities of the interpretation of Chinese researchers of the influence of modern global processes on traditional Chinese culture.Tasks. To determine the techniques used by Chinese authors in the interpretation of globalization and its impact on traditional Chinese culture.Methods. Historical, political, and sociological research methods were used to determine the specifics of the Chinese understanding of global processes and their impact on culture.Results. Chinese researchers adhere to the position that explains that diversity and the unity of culture are two inseparable aspects of the development of cultural diversity in the modern world. Therefore, in the context of globalization, it is necessary not only to adhere to the principle of the unity of culture as a universal phenomenon, but also to increase tolerance for cultural diversity, based on the principle of preserving each original culture, which, to varying degrees, are today affected by globalization processes.Conclusions. For Chinese researchers in the context of globalization, the problem of cultural diversity, firstly, is an important universal factor that must be preserved. Secondly, the diversity of cultures is a condition for preserving one’s own, Chinese traditional culture. Thirdly, traditional Chinese culture in modern China has become a new ideology in state administration, which contributes to the modernization of the country. Fourth, the preservation and development of traditional Chinese culture has a positive effect on China’s rapid economic growth.

Legal Protection of Mental Hospital Patients Who Experienced Acts of Violence Committed by Medical Personnel (A Study at Dr. Arif Zainudin Regional Mental Hospital Surakarta, Indonesia)

Every citizen, including mental hospital patients, has the right to legal protection, as they are vulnerable to experiencing acts of violence by medical personnel. This study aims to analyze the legal protection for people with mental health conditions who once experienced acts of violence committed by medical personnel. This study used sociological research methods with a descriptive qualitative research approach. This study used primary and secondary sources of data. The authors collected data through observation and interviews. The data in this research were analyzed and then described as narrative texts. The results showed that people with mental health conditions could obtain legal protection from acts of violence committed by medical personnel if they truly experienced bad treatment. It ensures that people with mental health conditions obtain their rights as citizens to be equally treated before the law. In undergoing their tasks, medical personnel must follow the SOP (Standard Operating Procedures), which includes prioritizing patient safety and comfort to keep patients from rebelling when their illnesses recur.

Особенности, тенденции и факторы развития различных форм осуществления населением местного самоуправления в регионах Европейского Севера России

The goal of this article is to study the features and trends in the development of various forms of local governance in Russia, with a particular focus on the regions falling within the European North of Russia (ENR). To achieve this goal, a combination of general research methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, case study) and applied methods (such as grouping analysis, economic and statistical analysis, and sociological research methods) were used. The study relies on official statistics from Rosstat, reports from the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, election and referendum data from the Vybory (Elections) system, and the results of questionnaire surveys of municipal leaders in the Vologda Oblast conducted from 2007 to 2022. The scientific novelty of the study lies in its assessment of the influence of various factors (territorial urbanization level and overall municipal development) on the nuances of residents' electoral participation from 2018 to 2022, using ENR municipalities as a case study. The research revealed that elections lacking a legally established voter turnout threshold witnessed notably low voter participation rates (ranging from 28 % to 41 % in the elections of senior officials of ENR regions from 2019 to 2022, 40% to 46% in the elections of State Duma deputies in 2021, and 8% to 71% in the elections of rural settlement heads). In most cases, municipalities with predominantly rural populations demonstrated higher election turnout rates and stronger support for winning candidates, a pattern that also holds in low-development areas within the Vologda Oblast. The article also discusses how local governors in the Vologda Oblast assess civil engagement from 2012 to 2022 and offers recommendations for regional-level monitoring of diverse forms of population involvement in territorial development, with an emphasis on local public governance.

Non-timber forest products as essential elements of the forest resource in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

This study provides biological and operational data on the reserves of non-timber forest products in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which play an important role in this region. The legal framework and system for harvesting and selling non-wood forest products by the population of the region were examined. We propose directions for increasing the volume of harvested non-wood forest food products, which can contribute to social and economic development in the region. This study employs economic and statistical analyses, situational analysis, and sociological research methods. A forecast for the most common wild berries was made based on the average annual yields harvested by all entities engaged in this type of economic activity. Information on the natural and economic conditions for the use of forest product resources and the possible development of regional markets for valuable natural reserves can be applied to regional studies to develop programs for forested areas. The proposed developments can be used to study issues related to the functioning of the regional market for non-timber forest products.

Some aspects of the impact of noise on the health of the population of the city of Vladivostok

In this work, sociological, laboratory, medical and statistical research methods. The population of the city of Vladivostok was chosen as the object of the study from 2019 to 2022. For the study, the points of measurement of noise generated by a commercial port, motor transport, railway near residential buildings and social facilities located in close proximity to the noise source were determined in the conditions of the existing residential development. During the study period, 202 measurements of the actual noise level were carried out.Based on the calculations of the levels of risk to public health, the existing noise levels in the territory of the city of Vladivostok, the probability of an adverse effect from the nervous system and hearing aid is estimated as a moderate risk to health, from the cardiovascular system is close to extreme. Based on the results obtained, measures are needed to organize constant monitoring of the noise load on the residential territory of the city of Vladivostok. It is recommended to develop measures to reduce the noise load taking into account the medium and short term (1–3 years). When assessing the impact of traffic noise on the health of the population of the city of Vladivostok, within the framework of social and hygienic monitoring, it is necessary to take into account the combined effects of chemical and physical factors. Based on the results obtained, measures are needed to organize constant monitoring of the noise load on the residential territory of the city of Vladivostok.

Анализ кадровых ресурсов врачей- специалистов призывных комиссий муниципальных образований Оренбургской области.

Currently, the issues of human resources are raised by many Russian and foreign scientists. Personnel, being the main, most valuable and significant part of health resources, ultimately ensure the effectiveness, efficiency and quality of medical care to the population. Therefore, there is no accidental scientific interest in studying the state of human resources of draft commissions carrying out military medical expertise. The purpose of the study is to characterize the personnel composition of doctors of conscription commissions of municipalities of the Orenburg region. Materials and methods. The analysis of the personnel of doctors working in the draft commissions of the Orenburg region was carried out. Statistical, analytical and sociological research methods were used. The following indicators were analyzed: staffing of draft commissions with medical personnel; age composition of doctors; general medical experience of doctors and work experience in draft commissions; availability of certificates of specialists and medical categories. To compile a social “portrait” of doctors working in the draft commissions of the Orenburg region, a sociological survey was carried out, in which 393 specialist doctors took part. The sociological survey made it possible to study the opinion of doctors who carry out medical examination of conscripts on the organization of medical care for young men in the pre-conscription period. Results. The average doctor working in the conscription commission of the Orenburg region municipality is characterized by a high level of professional training, which proves that he has a great medical experience, medical category and a specialist certificate. Conclusion. The article presents the results of the analysis of staffing indicators and the level of professional training of doctors working in the draft commissions of the Orenburg region. Taking into account the completed questionnaire, a social “portrait” of doctors carrying out medical examination of persons of military age was compiled. The opinion of doctors on the organization of medical care for young men in children’s polyclinics and draft commissions was studied. The information received should be taken into account when planning priority measures at the regional level aimed at improving the quality of medical support for the preparation of citizens for military service.

Pencegahan Perilaku Penyimpangan Anak Melalui Lembaga Layanan Perlindungan dan Pengembangan Anak di Pusat Pengembangan Anak (PPA) Anugerah Pakisan Kabupaten Temanggung

Deviant behavior is behavior that violates the moral principles of decency, both in terms of individual humanity and justification as a characteristic of social beings. Not only adults, children also currently show deviant behavior. The current speed of communication flow can foster children's curiosity and encourage them to try new things. The purpose of this study is to explain deviant behavior that often occurs in the environment around PPA and what factors influence children to carry out deviant behavior. In addition, this study aims to explain the efforts made by PPA in preventing deviant behavior in children. This research was carried out using sociological juridical research methods, the specifics of this research are descriptive. The research data was sourced from interviews. Data analysis using qualitative methods. The results of the study (1) factors that influence children to carry out deviant behavior are biological factors, psychological factors, and sociological factors, besides that there are factors from a bad environment, lack of attention from parents and influence from friends. (2) Efforts to overcome deviant behavior in children can be carried out with prevention efforts without punishment, such as the participation of community social institutions. PPA is a community social institution that in responding to children's deviant behavior is by providing infrastructure that accommodates children's creativity, improving children's mental health.

Assessing the level of psycho-emotional stress in students using biochemical analysis of saliva

Introduction. At the initial stage of professionalization of future teachers, the assessment of neuropsychic stability is of particular importance. The 1st-year students are most susceptible to stress, since the stability of the psyche (moral, personal, and emotional) is in the process of formation, therefore, their ability to overcome educational stress and develop a stable motivation for higher education depends on the success of the adaptation period. In order to achieve optimal adaptation of students, various tactical and strategic programs have been developed, however, there are a large number of methods for evaluating results that are not unified and require long-term data processing for various tests. In this connection, a new approach is needed to assess the level of stress for operational control in the process of adaptation measures. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the usage of the biochemical analysis of saliva to assess the level of psycho-emotional stress during the implementation of a set of adaptive measures aimed at overcoming educational stress and the formation of sustainable motivation for learning. Materials and Methods. We used sociological (questionnaire), analytical (biochemical) and statistical research methods. The study involved 105 students (age between 18.3 ± 0.3 years) who underwent a survey to determine the integral indicator of mental tension in accordance with the Lemoure-Tessier-Fillion scale modified by N. E. Vodopyanova. In all volunteers, we determined the content of cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, testosterone, secretory immunoglobulin class A in saliva, as well as the mineral composition, the content of total protein and catalase activity, the content of substrates for peroxidation processes lipids and endogenous intoxication. The study was conducted twice: in the first week of the academic year and after the winter examination session. Results. It is shown that at the beginning of the academic year, the level of psycho-emotional stress is higher, while after the winter examination session, adaptation takes place. The more stressed subgroup is characterized by increased levels of cortisol both at the beginning of the year and after the winter examination session. The authors revealed statistically significant differences in the content of total protein, products of endogenous intoxication, concentration of salivary cations between groups with different stress resistance. The authors suggest that the biochemical composition of saliva characterizes the "background" level of stress, which is not detected by traditional questionnaire methods. Conclusions. The article concludes that the study has shown that the subjective assessment of the level of stress resistance correlates to changes in the biochemical parameters of saliva, which can complement the questionnaire methods and be used in the process of monitoring a set of adaptive measures.

Банки и иные кредитные организации в Российской Федерации как объект общественного контроля: конституционно-правовой анализ

The paper analyzes the system of objects of public control in Russia, studies some points of view in the scien-tific legal literature as to whether banks and other credit organizations belong to them. Constitutional and legal analysis of the activities of the latter in the designated status is presented in the article. It substantiates the ne-cessity to organize and conduct public control activities in relation to this category of objects. Besides, the article studies the main problems hindering this, develops and justifies the system of measures to resolve these prob-lems, including by making appropriate amendments and additions to the Constitution of the Russian Federa-tion and legislation. In addition, the constitutional-legal analysis of the system of objects of public control in Russia is carried out using formal-logical, comparative-legal, historical-legal, statistical, sociological methods of research.

Substantiation of preventive means of desynchronization in the practice of training athletes in game sports

Traveling athletes experience fatigue from flights and time zone changes, which increases their subjective burden and can affect their sports performance, increase the risk of illness and injury. Literature sources on the prevention of desynchronization from flights and time zone changes in athletes are limited, which determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of this study is to determine the initial provisions of substantiation of preventive means of desynchronization in the practice of training athletes in game sports. Materials and methods of research. To determine the set research objectives, we used the following methods: analysis and generalization of data from special scientific and methodological lit erature, monitoring of Internet information resources, methods of systematization, content analysis, Sociological research methods (interview, questionnaire). Results. Based on available theoretical and methodological physiological principles and results of practical researches we made an attempt to substantiate the problem of desynchronization and the necessity of its prevention among sportsmen specializing in sports games. Conclusions. The obtained results made it possible to define and present in the article the basic bases of substantiation of preventive means of desynchronization in the practice of training of sportsmen in game sports.

A Comprehensive Study of the Three-Stage Divine Mirror Female Surname Divine Examination Debate: "Female Deity" and "Taoism"

Over the years, a three-part divine beast mirror that was discovered in Tomb No. 1 of the Hejiashan cliff tomb in the heart of Mianyang, Sichuan, in 1989 has drawn a lot of scholarly interest. The author further concentrates on the female figure in the upper section of the motif, researching the identification and connotation of this figure using the ever-evolving techniques of artistic and archaeological investigation. To identify the characteristics of the female deity from the outside to the inside of the three-part divine mirror and to support the argument that the deity is associated with Taoism, this paper will compile pertinent research from a methodological perspective and use a combination of pictorial and sociological research methods.

ОЦЕНКА ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ НАГРУЗКИ ПАЦИЕНТОВ В ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННОМ ПЕРИОДЕ

The contour of modern research on improving the quality of medical care is the study of the 
 problem of the patient's mood in the post-operative period by the method of sociological research using ques tionnaires and the use of potentiating questionnaires for determining satisfaction in order to implement a prac tical-oriented approach to increasing the effectiveness of medical care. The authors in the article reveal the 
 experience gained in the field of aesthetics of determining the emotional background in an open form by the 
 method of functional questionnaire of patients after surgery. The studies were carried out at the bases of the 
 surgical departments, the Lucher color diagnostics and the Lemur-Tesier-Fillion PSM-25 scale were tested as 
 tools. As a result of the studies, the psychophysiological state was assessed, which reflects a stable and stable 
 emotional background during the convalescence period. postoperative patients, which is the key to motivation 
 for recovery

ПРИНЦИПИ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОГО СУДОЧИНСТВА

The article examines the principles of European administrative justice in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights, the recommendations of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and other international legal acts on the protection of human rights and freedoms. The methodological basis is the dialectical method of cognition. Given the complexity of the research subject, systematic logical, historical, sociological, linguistic, comparative and other research methods used. The principles of: effective legal protection, independence of the court and courts are characterized; fair trial; equality of procedural opportunities; disclosure of materials, competitive hearing; public announcement of a court decision, hearings in the process (right to be heard); public hearing; mandatory execution of a court decision. It noted that the principles of European administrative justice establish the regularities of the process of resolving public legal disputes in the field of public administration. European principles in the field of administrative proceedings defined as principles contained in acts of different legal nature in the field of justice, protection of human rights and freedoms. The principle of effective legal protection is fundamental in the system of principles of administrative proceedings, as it intended to ensure rights and freedoms in the process of resolving disputes in the sphere of public administration. The principles of European administrative justice are a systemic entity, interconnected and complementary. The legal system is a multidimensional phenomenon from the standpoint of both structure and functional orientation, development of internal and external relations. Because of this, it needs an adequate conceptual and categorical definition. In this regard, the situation in the theory of law is unsatisfactory. This is a structured organization of legal norms, united based on the subject, method and principles of legal regulation in the field of administrative proceedings for the effective regulation of social relations in public administration.

Protection of the Customary Land of the Baduy Indigenous Peoples as One of the Supporting Factors for Local Food Security in the Banten Region

<p><em>The Baduy indigenous people as one of the ethnic groups in Indonesia have various unique and diverse cultural characteristics. The ethnic groups in Banten for hundreds of years have had their main livelihood, namely farming (ngahuma) and gardening to maintain survival in obtaining food so that this ngahuma is a form of food security for the Baduy indigenous people. Some of the Baduy's ulayat land is used for ngahuma and gardening. Recently, there has been an abuse of Baduy ulayat land by some irresponsible people. Mursyid's father as a traditional leader of the Inner Baduy does not agree with the existence of illegal gold mining around the Baduy area. This will disturb the land and forest ecosystems, especially since these customary rights are in the upstream area which will certainly cause negative things for the Baduy people. The gold mining will cause negative things for the environmental ecosystem in the Baduy area and even threaten the forests protected by the government. Baduy rejects the existence of gold mining if foreign companies exploit it. The expression of one of the Baduy community leaders, "We are the trust of our ancestors, bisi ayeuna Gunung kalebur lebak karuksak karobah great-grandmother, ayeuna proof of Mount Liman menta tulung, menta guarded really I pamarentah".This study describes the exploitation of gold mining around the customary rights area in the Baduy area as well as legal protection efforts from the government for the abuse of the customary rights residential area of </em><em></em><em>the Baduy Indigenous People.The long-term goal to be achieved from this research is to obtain an overview of the current condition of the customary lands of the Baduy people inside and outside the Baduy so that the government can take a stand, help maintain and prevent gold mining activities in the area of </em><em></em><em>customary rights of Baduy from being disturbed. outsiders.The specific target to be achieved from this research is to ensure that the Baduy community can use food land for ngahuma and gardening to the maximum so that the food security of the Baduy indigenous peoples is maintained.This research uses normative juridical and sociological normative legal research methods. This research is descriptive analytical and uses primary data sources and secondary data sources. Descriptive in this study is a description of the situation, condition, condition, and reality of ulayat land or customary land in the Baduy community which is misused by irresponsible elements so that it has a major impact on the food security of the Baduy community. Then analyze what the problem is in order to find a solution to the problem. Sources of data used in this study were obtained from Library Research (Library Research). Normative Jurisdiction in this study is a discussion of several existing regulations. Sociological Normative Research on law constructs law as a system of laws and regulations that have existed so far and then constructed in a society's behavior. This study also uses primary data sources and secondary data which are analyzed using qualitative methods, with data collection techniques from library studies and field studies to the Inner Baduy and Outer Baduy. Interviews and observations were conducted to obtain the necessary data. The data obtained through field research and literature study were analyzed in a qualitative normative manner to obtain clarity on the problems to be discussed.</em></p>

THE CONCEPT OF «GOODWILL», THE IMAGE AND REPUTATION OF THE ORGANIZATION

The company’s value management strategy is currently noted by many financial analysts and managers as a particularly effective goal-setting tool, which makes it possible to take into account various aspects necessary for the competent management of the company. Goodwill is closely interrelated with such categories as reputation, image, prestige and goodwill – concepts used by various disciplines, for example, economics, marketing, sociology and accounting, to indicate the general position of organizations among their colleagues. Organizations, like individuals, have reputations that create consequences. There is a certain model of how an organization’s reputation is created, with special attention to the role of employee training in reputation formation. Scientists have repeatedly drawn attention to the impact of organizational reputation on the financial performance of the company, especially from the point of view of assessing business reputation. Employee training methods are defined as one of the ways in which the risks of damaging the reputation of an organization can be reduced – or enhanced.
 Objective: to study the relationship of the categories “goodwill”, image and reputation of the organization.
 Method or methodology of the work: a set of research methods has been compiled, in particular such as: historical, comparative legal, formal logical, systematic, statistical, method of concrete sociological research, etc.
 Results: The essential aspects concerning the concepts of “goodwill”, the image and reputation of the organization were considered, and their interrelation was also indicated. Attention is focused on the importance of these elements in the conditions of globalization and digitalization.
 Scope of the results: the results of this work can be applied in the areas of organization management and management, as well as strategic development management.

The Oversight Function of the DPRD of Kampar Regency and Pekanbaru City on the Implementation of Regional Regulations Based on Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government.

This study aims to identify and analyze the supervisory function of the Regency and City DPRD towards Regional Regulations based on Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government. supervising the effectiveness of Regional Regulations. This study uses the sociological legal research method, namely looking at the correlation between law and its goals, The results showed that the implementation of the oversight function of the DPRD of Kampar Regency and Pekanbaru City still did not show optimal results, the oversight function of the implementation of Regional Regulations was still not an important concern for members of the Regency and City DPRD, The ideal form of implementation of supervision begins with good planning, the process of implementing supervision and ends with an evaluation of implementation. There is also a need for regulatory reform in the future.

Tradisi Go Ge Cap Lak (Bakar Tongkang) Dalam Tinjauan Sosiologi Ekonomi Islam

Introduction: Go Ge Cap Lak, according to the Chinese community, has the meaning of expressing gratitude to Kie Ong Ya (the god of the sea) who has given protection to their ancestors when sailing the ocean so that they can reach the Rokan Hilir region. In the course of its history, Go Ge Cap Lak in addition to having theological value also has a very thick anthropocentric value that makes the tradition as one of the religious tourism in the region. Not only the ethnic Chinese community benefited but also Muslims who lived in the local area. This tradition has become an annual event with a considerable economic impact. However, what if this tradition is seen in the study of Islamic economic sociology Research Methods: This research is included in the type of field research with qualitative descriptive data analysis methods. Primary data sources come from data mining in the field and supporting sites such as disbudpora, while secondary data sources come from previous research Results: The tradition has an economic impact on the surrounding Muslim community. This expediency is in line with the orientation of fulfilling life or in the language of religion in order to maintain life. Conclusion: Go Ge Cap Lak also has economic value. The Ministry of Tourism and Creative Industries includes Go Ge Cap Lak as one of the annual activities that are always held in Bagansiapiapi. This activity also made the economy of the Bagansiapiapi Muslim community rise and develop.

Изучение личности пожизненно осужденного как условие эффективной оперативно-розыскной профилактики

<p style="text-align: justify;">The article reveals the psychological characteristics of various spheres of the personality of those sentenced to life imprisonment, identified by the results of an empirical study conducted by the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in 2020 in institutions where this category of persons is kept. The purpose of the study was to identify the personal characteristics of those sentenced to life imprisonment, which can be used in the implementation of operational-search activities. As the tasks set for the authors, we can single out: the development of a questionnaire, the conduct of a study, the processing and analysis of its results. The methodological basis of the work was based on sociological methods of research. In particular, the method of questioning was used. The study was conducted in all institutions where prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment are kept. Based on the results of the study, the main features of various spheres of the personality of those sentenced to life imprisonment were revealed, the knowledge of which will increase the effectiveness of operational-search and preventive work with them.</p>

Prehistory of electoral sociology in pre-revolutionary Russia: an experience of interdisciplinary analysis

The article discusses the process of the emergence of socio-electoral research in pre-revolutionary Russia at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the authors make an attempt to link the emergence of scientific interest in understanding the phenomenon of electoral behaviour with the study of the institution of elections in related scientific disciplines – jurisprudence and political science. It is concluded that the practice of this kind of research led representatives of these sciences to formulate the problem of electoral choice, that was rather difficult to solve within the framework of traditional methodological directions. The appeal to sociological approaches of the theoretical and empirical levels made it possible to advance in the study of electoral issues and led researchers to the idea of separating its part into the area of special scientific research. The main stages of the formation of socio-electoral research are analysed: from the first attempts to study electoral behaviour in order to solve legal and political problems in the aspect of understanding the institution of elections to the emergence of the idea of creating a special sociological discipline, within which the phenomenon of electoral choice should be considered. The heuristic guesses of scientists of pre-revolutionary Russia are highlighted, that anticipated a number of research areas in the electoral sociology of the twentieth century. The methods of empirical electoral research, that were first tested in the practice of scientific and sociological work, are analysed. It is noted that neither the level of development of the institution of elections, nor the level of scientific methodology and methods of sociological research in pre-revolutionary Russia contributed to the formation of a special scientific discipline - electoral sociology, and subsequent political events in the country blocked this process for a long historical time.