Socioeconomic Profile Research Articles

Evaluation of Perceived Effect of Covid-19 Shock on Cassava Output in Enugu State.

The study ‘Evaluation Effect of the perceived effect of Covid-19 Shock on Cassava output Enugu State, Nigeria’ investigates the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown measures on cassava production in Enugu State, Nigeria. It offers a comprehensive analysis that encompasses the socioeconomic profiles of cassava farmers and processors, the assessment of determinants influencing cassava output and the effect of the COVID on the output of the staple crop. Enugu State, strategically located in southeastern Nigeria, was deliberately selected for this study due to its substantial contribution to cassava production and its perceived susceptibility to the disruptive effects of COVID-19 and lockdown measures. To gather empirical data, a multi-stage random sampling technique was meticulously employed. Initially, three agricultural zones were purposively chosen to ensure equitable representation of the state's senatorial zones. Subsequently, six local government areas were randomly selected from these zones, and the sample size (n = 312) was determined proportionately. The study employed descriptive statistics, including mean values and percentages, to characterize respondents and evaluate the extent of the shocks' impact on Cassava output. The study highlights significant gender disparity, with 59.30% of respondents being female. Additionally, the majority (39.10%) fall within the middle-aged category, indicating experienced engagement in cassava production. Income distribution reveals disparities, as 50.00% of respondents earn between 101,000-200,000 Naira monthly, impacting the sector's economic sustainability. Moreover, land ownership predominantly falls within the 0.1-1hectare range (67.30%), underscoring its pivotal role in cassava production capacity. Evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale, critical aspects such as input material availability, pest control, post-harvest handling, and market access amidst the pandemic was carried out. Higher mean scores (3.44 for input materials) indicated significant disruptions, leading to an acceptance decision rule. Based on these findings, recommendations are made for cassava farmers to diversify their markets by exploring new products, thereby reducing over-dependence on specific markets and enhancing resilience against future market disruptions. Furthermore, the adoption of sustainable farming practices, such as organic farming, is encouraged among cassava producers

Impacts of shrimp aquaculture on the local communities and conservation of the world’s largest protected mangrove forest

Mangrove forests are highly productive, biodiverse, and carbon-dense ecosystems that support the wellbeing of millions of people. Policies that seek to protect mangroves must, therefore, aim to ensure the socio-economic wellbeing of local communities. A clear example of this challenge is found in the Bangladesh Sundarbans—the world’s largest protected mangrove. The Sundarbans faces several anthropogenic challenges, including overharvesting of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and expansion of shrimp aquaculture. Several initiatives have aimed to protect the diversity and extent of the Sundarbans, but little is known about the impacts of the shrimp industry on its forest-dependent communities. This study used a mixed-methods research approach to assess the: a) trends in economic, social, and environmental policy and legislative measures in Bangladesh from 1980 to 2020; b) areal expansion of shrimp aquaculture in a case study site, the Village Kalinchi, since 1980; and c) socio-economic profile of local community members. Despite recent governance trends aimed at simultaneously promoting economic, social, and environmental outcomes, approximately 91% of the agricultural lands in Village Kalinchi have been flooded to expand shrimp aquaculture. Income data shows that a small number of shrimp farm owners earn – on average – 22, 14 and 4 times more annual income than that of shrimp farm labourers, agricultural workers, and NTFP collectors, respectively. The combined loss of agricultural land and income disparity has created conditions that promote NTFPs overharvesting from the Sundarbans. Policy and legislative measures must address the shrimp industry’s impacts on local communities to reduce resource overharvesting and promote mangrove conservation.

Two wrongs don't make a right: A multi-step decomposition of latent dimensions of sustainable development and desertification risk in Italy

Desertification risk affects Mediterranean ecosystems as a result of the mutual interplay between natural and human factors. The peculiar socioeconomic profile of vulnerable areas (mainly based on rural poverty, job shortage and the consequent unemployment, subsidence agriculture and ecological fragility of land) suggests that desertification risk may negatively impact the sustainable development of local communities, leading to an irreversible depletion of soil resources. However, although sustainable development and desertification risk remain two hegemonic concepts in both ecological and economic disciplines, their intimate relationship has been occasionally investigated. The present study contributes to fill this knowledge gap delineating a multi-step procedure that analyses, at the municipal scale, the multivariate relationship among 160 indicators of sustainable development and desertification risk in Italy. Based on a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the procedure performed a spectral decomposition of 18 dimensions of sustainable development (populated with 156 indicators) into 53 latent components taken as predictors of four indicators of desertification risk in a partial least square regression. Results document three sequential ‘early desertification spirals', the first one referring to agricultural intensification (1960–1990), the second one dependent on urbanization-driven human pressure (1990–2000), and the third one reflecting wealth accumulation and societal changes toward less sustainable lifestyles and consumption patterns. This latent evolution may confirm the increasing importance of ‘immaterial' forces such as globalization, societal transformations, and other ‘soft' factors of change, when lowering environmental quality, in spite of more traditional drivers of ecosystem degradation, such as agricultural intensification and economic growth, typical of a capitalistic ‘material' world.

De la consulta presencial a la teleconsulta: experiencias de profesionales de atención primaria del País Vasco durante la pandemia

ObjectiveTo explore the perceptions of Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals on changes in consultation modalities and their impact on PHC fundamentals during the pandemic. DesignQualitative exploratory research conducted between October and November, 2021. LocationFour urban and one rural primary health care centers with different socioeconomic profiles in the threeterritories of the Basque Country. ParticipantsForty-six professionals from different categories of the PHC team and health centre directors. MethodPurposive sampling. Five focus groups and fourin-depth interviews. Thematic analysis with the support of the Atlas.ti programme. Triangulation of results among the research team. ResultsExperiences with the development of teleconsultation appear to be directly conditioned by the pandemic context in its different phases and by the PC situation. The professionals identified communication barriers, as well as potentialities of its use that require adequate training and evaluation. Risks of inequity were perceived in the use of teleconsultations that could be affecting the quality of care. Longitudinality was assessed as a facilitating factor and problems of coordination and communication through teleconsultation between care levels were identified. ConclusionsThe replacement of face-to-face consultation by teleconsultation had an impact on fundamental aspects of PHC such as quality, accessibility, equity, coordination and longitudinality. Teleconsultation in PHC should always be evaluated considering the specific circumstances and contexts of its implementation.

Evaluation of early nephrostomy in patients with post-renal acute renal failure with advanced Cervical Cancer

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer among women, except for cases of non-melanoma skin. However, the state of Amazonas has the highest incidence rate of new cases per year. Objectives: To determine the prognostic impact of early nephrostomy in patients with advanced cervical cancer who present post-renal acute renal failure. Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out with patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, who evolved with post-renal acute renal failure. Results: 25 patients were included in the study, 52% (13/25) died, 32% (8/25) lost outpatient follow-up and 16% (4/25) returned for follow-up. Of the total, 16% (04/25) underwent renal ultrasonographic reassessment, with 75% (3/4) having unilateral nephrostomy and 25% (1/4) having bilateral. It was not possible to assess the impact of cortical thickness on renal function, due to the lack of indicators used to assess the improvement in renal function. Conclusion: In this study, the relationship between low socioeconomic levels and late diagnosis of cervical cancer was observed. Knowledge of this population's clinical, and socioeconomic profile, and outcomes is essential to guide more robust studies and improve the clinical management of these patients. In addition, promote discussions on the importance of access to information, health services, and preventive measures essential to survival.

Adolescent social capital:An intergenerational resource?

There is abundant literature about the benefits of social capital in youth, but less is known of the origins of social capital. This study explores whether adolescents'social capital is shaped by their parents'social capital, their family's socioeconomic status (SES), and the socioeconomic profile of their neighborhood. The study uses cross-sectional survey data gathered from 12 to 13-year-old adolescents and their parents (n = 163) in Southwest Finland. For the analysis, adolescents'social capital was disaggregated into four dimensions: social networks, social trust, tendency to receive help, and tendency to provide help. Parents'social capital was measured both directly (parents'self-reports) and indirectly (adolescents'perceptions of their parents'sociability). The associations with the hypothesized predictors were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results suggest that social capital is not directly intergenerationally transmissible the way some biologically heritable traits are. Yet, parents'social capital shapes youngsters'perception of their sociability, and that, in turn, predicts each dimension of adolescents'social capital. Family SES is positively related to young people's reciprocal tendency, but the pathway flows indirectly through parents'social capital and adolescents'perception of parents'sociability. Conversely, a disadvantaged socioeconomic neighborhood is directly negatively associated with adolescents'social trust and tendency to receive help. This study suggests that, in the studied Finnish, relatively egalitarian context, social capital is (at least partly) transmissible from parents to children, not directly, but indirectly through the mechanism of social learning.

Exploring Women Consumers’ Perception of Selected White Goods: A Study

Objective: The customer now behaves in a completely different way than they did in a controlled market. The objective of this study is to understand the socioeconomic profile of selected women consumers, identify the factors influencing their purchase of white goods, and investigate the challenges they encounter during the purchasing process. Theoretical Framework: The study focuses on the changing behavior of customers in a market that is no longer controlled, particularly the influence of urban women in the family's buying decisions. It explores the marketing strategies devised by Indian producers. Method: The study is conducted in Thoothukudi District, and a small pilot project is carried out to select commonly used white products. The research utilizes a sample drawn from this district. Results and Conclusion: The findings suggest that the competitive market presents opportunities and risks for both female consumers and white goods. Strengthening the core product with value adds, improving after-sales service, and enhancing product quality may lead to higher demand for white goods and increased product replacement, thereby boosting consumer satisfaction within the same price range. Implications of the Research: The research has implications for marketers and producers targeting women consumers in the white goods market. It highlights the importance of profile of these consumers and addressing their specific needs. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by examining the purchasing behavior and challenges faced by women consumers. It provides insights into the strategies that can enhance consumer satisfaction and improve market performance.

Scabies- Major Childhood Skin Infestation in Bangladesh - An Updated Review

Background: Globally distributed scabies- a highly prevalent contagious skin disease particularly infests children and elderly population. Since scabies often remain un-recognized/un-diagnosed or under-reported, but >130 million people suffer from scabies, WHO listed it under neglected tropical disease (NTD). Objective(s): This updated review focus on scabies etiology and association with socio-economic profile, water sanitation, personal hygiene, poor living condition, and environmental pollution. However, few plausible risk factors of childhood scabies have also been covered in this review. Methodology: A through computer-based literature search was performed for the period of ~two decades (2000 through 2022) utilizing four familiar search engines: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Elsevier. The search topics covered: „childhood/adult scabies‟, „etiology‟, „risk factors‟, „monthly income‟, „water sanitation „personal hygiene‟, „living conditions‟ and few others (optional). Findings: Of total 28 published articles reviewed conducted in major lower/mid income countries (LMICs) including some rich and Western ones. Overall findings revealed <12 years-old children were infested more, which was reported in more higher portions from Bangladesh alike other Afro-Asian countries. Scabies is attributed to overcrowded lower socioeconomic community, lack in knowledge/practice of poor personal hygiene, polluted environment/water-sanitation. Clinically, it is associated with intense generalized pruritus causing rash, itching/scratching, particularly during winter season. One of our community-based studies in residential Madrasahs in and around Dhak city/outskirts yielded that sharing habits of daily personal belongings (personal clothing, bed linen /towels, pajamas/lungis, etc.) were main sources of scabies transmission/scabies mite: Sarcoptes Scabiei. Alike our observations, treatment of scabies included Lot. Benzyl benzoate, Monosulfirum cream/soap, Permethrin cream, and, Lot. Ivermectin/cream for severe cases as best effective drugs to eradicate scabies mites which most of the literature agreed to irradicate scabies in ~90% children. Conclusion: Scabies, more in children and elderly people, remains associated with overcrowding, bizarre living, moist/stuffy environment, poor personal hygiene, sharing personal cloths/towels, including other factors like parental sociodemographic status and poorer household income. Public Health policy makers should address immediate intervention to mitigate these factors to ensure effective prevention and control of scabies, both among the children and elderly people. The Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College; Vol. 10 (1), Jan 2022; p 48-62

The role of environmental and financial motivations in the adoption of energy-saving technologies: Evidence from European Union data

This paper investigates whether households’ environmental and financial motivations affect their investments in energy-saving technologies. Exploiting a comprehensive dataset covering 30 European countries, we investigate whether financially motivated and environmentally minded households present different adoption paths. The results show that environmental and financial motivations play an essential role in the decision to adopt energy-saving technologies, thus paving the way for policy actions targeted at enhancing consumer awareness. Our analysis also reveals that environmentally and financially motivated households exhibit different socio-economic profiles. We find that environmentally minded, highly educated households living in urban areas with a large family size are more likely to adopt energy-saving technologies than their counterparts with low levels of education living in rural locations. In addition, their financial situation is an important factor in explaining the adoption patterns of financially motivated households. From a methodological point of view, our analysis exploits both parametric and nonparametric methods. We use stochastic dominance analysis to rank the distribution functions of household behaviours and the logit model to investigate the socio-economic profiles of different groups.

Occupants’ behavioural diversity regarding the indoor environment in social housing. Case study in Northern Spain

Previous research has shown that differences in preferences, habits, and uses can exist in buildings with similar characteristics, which can influence building performance, energy efficiency, and the well-being of occupants. Among this diversity, those residing in social housing have specific socio-economic and cultural characteristics. This study aims to provide evidence of the diversity of thermal preferences and heating-related behaviours in public social rental housing. It also seeks to develop a methodology for identifying behavioural and occupancy patterns that can be applied in building simulation programs and building stock management. To identify occupancy and heating patterns, quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods were applied. The data was collected from a variety of sources, including sensors and surveys. Advanced statistical methods were used to analyse the data and identify patterns and trends. The study was conducted in 58 dwellings of a public social rental housing building in northern Spain. The results showed a lack of association between perceived and monitored thermal comfort. Additionally, variability in the use of the dwelling has been found among similar socioeconomic profiles. The analysis of behavioural diversity revealed six clusters based on energy consumption behaviour, including occupancy patterns and heating usage. The patterns obtained can be integrated into building performance simulation programs, resulting in a more nuanced and accurate representation of energy consumption patterns. Moreover, these patterns can provide valuable insight into the diversity of energy consumption behaviours. This can be leveraged to unlock new opportunities for energy savings, efficiency gains, and enhancing the well-being of occupants across a variety of use cases.

Colon cancer epidemiology, race and socioeconomic status: Comparing trends in counties served by an urban hospital in Newark, NJ with overall NJ-state and nation-wide patterns

PurposeDisparities in colorectal cancer (CRC) trends are linked with socioeconomic status (SES) and race. To better understand the colon cancer trends at our medical center, this study characterizes the racial and socioeconomic profile of the population served by our center to identify modifiable risk factors amenable to interventions. MethodsColon cancer data from our center as well as New Jersey (NJ) and United States (US) were obtained from National Cancer Database. Demographic data on race and SES for NJ counties were obtained from public databases that sourced data from the American Community Survey and the US census. We compared the odds of being diagnosed with early-onset and late-stage colon cancer (III or IV), respectively in NJ and US, across different racial groups. We also quantified the association between Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and age-adjusted CRC mortality in NJ counties, with and without accounting for the racial composition of each county. ResultsIn 2015, our center recorded higher proportions of late-stage and early-onset colon cancer diagnoses compared to all hospitals in NJ and US. Trends for stage and patient age at diagnosis of colon cancer for NJ and the US (2010–2019) showed that Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander individuals had greater odds of being diagnosed with early-onset (age<50) and late-stage colon cancer (Stage III/IV) when compared to White population. NJ counties served by our center showed an overrepresentation of either Black or Hispanic-Latino populations and reported significant disadvantage in SES. For NJ counties, each 25 percentile increase in social vulnerability was associated with 1.04 times the rate of age-adjusted colorectal cancer death (95 % CI: 1.00–1.07). ConclusionPublic data on race and SES of the target population can help identify areas of social disparities at the county-level to guide targeted interventions such as improving healthcare access and screening rates.

Ankyloglossia in Monochorionic Diamniotic and Dichorionic Diamniotic Twins: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of ankyloglossia in diamniotic monochorionic and diamniotic dichorionic twins, as well as to verify the relationship between gender and type of pregnancy. Study Design: A cross-sectional observational study, carried out with 52 pairs of dichorionic/diamniotic twins and 49 monochorionic/diamniotic pairs. The data collection was carried out through the analysis of medical records and the results of the Neonatal Screening of the Tongue Frenulum Assessment Protocol in Babies, and corresponded to the period of 2 years (2020-2022). Statistical analysis of data was performed, considering the significance value of 5%. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the institution. Results: The statistical analysis of multiple logistic regression between the two groups of twins (Mono/Di and Di/Di) according to the socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical-epidemiological profile was statistically significant for some variables. The prevalence of ankyloglossia, according to the type of twin pregnancy, showed a statistically significant difference. There was no statistical difference in relation to sex and ankyloglossia, or between couples diagnosed with ankyloglossia according to the type of pregnancy. Conclusion: Monochorionic/diamniotic twins had a higher prevalence of ankyloglossia, regardless of gender.

GENERAL SURVEY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE, SANITATION PRACTICES, AND COMMON ILLNESSES OF SITIO SAN ROQUE: A BASELINE BASIS FOR COMMUNITY SERVICE INTERVENTION

This descriptive quantitative study described the socio-economic profile, sanitation practices, and common illnesses among the 78 households in Sitio San Roque of Barangay Ipil, Surigao City. Using the existing and established survey instrument of St. Paul University Surigao, pertinent pieces of information were gathered from the residents. This would then serve as the basis of St. Paul University Surigao in making or improving its Community Development Services Programs and Interventions. The data were then arranged using Frequency Count and Percentage Distribution. It was shown that the greater proportion of respondents is between 9-17 years old, practicing Roman Catholicism, female, and single. In terms of housing information, 20.50% of the households were constructed using strong materials such as galvanized iron, aluminum, tile, concrete, brick, stone, wood, or asbestos. 52.60% of the households reported owning both house and lot, having electricity through a main connection, using LPG for cooking, and having at most 2 bedrooms. As to sanitation practices and common illnesses, most of the households and residents have water-sealed toilets and rely on their own faucet as a primary water source, Moreover, backache and hypertension are the most common illnesses of residents in the sitio. Most of the residents also were observed to have their own chickens, have practiced proper waste segregation, and have burned garbage as their way of disposal. Lastly, most of the population is unemployed and has a monthly income of around 3,499 pesos only. It was recommended that the primary focus of the Sitio and their donors or community servers will be on health and sanitation practices and community-based economic education when coming up with community outreach programs.

Relationship between socio economic profiles of dairy farmers with extent of adoption of improved dairy farming practices in Kumaon division of Uttarakhand.

Livestock sector contributes 4.11 per cent GDP. According to United States Department Agriculture 2018, 80 million households were engaged in dairy farming and majority of them are small scale, marginal farmers. The dairy farming has been considered as a potential means of employment and socio-economic development for people in rural areas. Uttarakhand trails behind from highest milk producing states due to less growth rate in milk production focused should be given to the improved dairy farming to increase milk production and development of dairy industry. The present study was conducted in Kumaon division of Uttarakhand state to find out the relationship between socio economic profile of dairy farmers with their extent of adoption of improved dairy farming practices. Udham Singh Nagar district was selected as for the study. Total 100 respondents from these villages were selected. It was resulted that respondents with higher education, higher land holdings, higher dairy farming experience, higher annual income, higher milk production higher social participation, higher risk preference and higher economic motivation tends to have more extent of adoption of improved dairy farming practices as they are found to have a significant and positive relationship with extent of adoption of dairy farming practices.

Hotspots of change in use of public transport to work: A geospatial mixed method study

IntroductionSeveral studies have supported the role of public transport in encouraging active transport through commuting. Investigating actual increases in public transport use within focussed local areas can help unravel what causes such increases. MethodsIn this study, we investigated factors related to the increase in public transport use in focussed local areas (hotspots) through a geospatial mixed-method approach using data from South Western Sydney, Australia, spatial cluster detection, and local stakeholder interviews. We also examined areas with low levels of public transport use. ResultsWe found that while distance to train station is a significant predictor of usage, other important factors include the professional and socioeconomic profile of the neighbourhood around the train station, the train line's deemed attractiveness and parking availability. ConclusionsThus, researchers and planners must consider a range of built environment factors when planning for changes that encourage public transport use. In addition, focusing on small local areas utilising geospatial mixed methods can provide important insights into the local drivers of public transport use.

To Estimate the Resource of Productivity and Efficiency of Cotton in Mancherial Districts of Telangana, India

A present study entitled “A Study on Production of Cotton Cultivation in Mancherial District, of Telangana”. Was carried during the session 2021-2023.One hundred and twenty farmers were selected by using pre tested schedule and analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. It was found that majority of respondents were having medium level of socio economic profile. Analyzing the production level highest level of respondents i.e.52.50 percent were having medium level of production fallowed by 25.50 percent, and low level fallowed by 22.50 percent. On analyzing the marketing strategy level, highest level of respondents 31.67 percent, were medium level allowed marketing strategies were fallowed by 50.00 percent, 18.33 having low level. Independent variables namely age, education, family type, caste, house type, occupation, landholding, mass media exposure, extension contact source of information, economic motivation. had positive and significant relationship with production and marketing respectively. The major constraints were faced by high cost of fertilizers, lack of knowledge about disease and pest, high cost of seeds, lack of transportation facilities, lack of knowledge about market, lack of storage facilities respectively.

An Economics Analysis of Oil Palm Cultivation in East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh, India

An attempt has been made in this study to examine the economic analysis of oil palm cultivation in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. The specific objective of the study were (i) to identify socio economic profile of the farmers/respondents in different size of farm in study area, (ii) to study cost and return and input output ratio of different size farm group in study area, (iii) to estimate disposal pattern and marketable surplus of oil palm in different size of farm groups, (iv) to work out price spread producers’ share in consumers’ rupee and marketing efficiency in different marketing channels and (v) to find out different problems in production and marketing of oil palm in different size of farm group in study area. The present study was conducted in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. The primary data is collected from the oil palm producers through personal interview method with the help of well-prepared schedule and questionnaire for the production and marketing year 2022-23. The growth rate of area, production and productivity of East Godavari district was worked out by using exponential analysis. The simple mean and average method was used to work out the cost of cultivation, marketable surplus and disposal pattern of oil palm.

Urban visual intelligence: Uncovering hidden city profiles with street view images

A longstanding line of research in urban studies explores how cities can be understood through their appearance. However, what remains unclear is to what extent urban dwellers' everyday life can be explained by the visual clues of the urban environment. In this paper, we address this question by applying a computer vision model to 27 million street view images across 80 counties in the United States. Then, we use the spatial distribution of notable urban features identified through the street view images, such as street furniture, sidewalks, building façades, and vegetation, to predict the socioeconomic profiles of their immediate neighborhood. Our results show that these urban features alone can account for up to 83% of the variance in people's travel behavior, 62% in poverty status, 64% in crime, and 68% in health behaviors. The results outperform models based on points of interest (POI), population, and other demographic data alone. Moreover, incorporating urban features captured from street view images can improve the explanatory power of these other methods by 5% to 25%. We propose "urban visual intelligence" as a process to uncover hidden city profiles, infer, and synthesize urban information with computer vision and street view images. This study serves as a foundation for future urban research interested in this process and understanding the role of visual aspects of the city.

Occupational hazards of Indian shrimp farm workers

The paper reviews a range of global aquaculture health and safety literature to inform and contribute to the development of a socio-economic profile of Indian shrimp farm workers including the occupational hazards and injuries they face. In addition, 60 shrimp farm workers were interviewed from each of the states of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. The study revealed that all shrimp farm workers were male, 58% were migrants, and ages ranged from 23 to 53 years with work experience of 5 to 24 years. Few workers (14%) had no formal schooling and many had secondary-level education. Reported physical hazards were high (93%) followed by biological (82%), chemical (77%), ergonomic (71%) and psycho-social (71%) hazards. The majority of physical injuries reported related to slips, falls and cuts (51%), electric shocks (44%), sunburn (41%), dehydration/headaches (40%) and fractures (27%). Approximately 30%–39% had some chemical injury with skin infections/breathing problems. Indian shrimp farm workers face similar occupational hazards and injuries to shrimp farm workers in other countries. The occupational health and safety of shrimp farm workers should be integrated into the concept of ‘One Health’ to ensure aquaculture sustainability and safe, meaningful and good quality employment to workers.

ADOPTION OF RECOMMENDED GUAVA PRODUCTION PRACTICES

Present research was conducted in Kaurihar block of Prayagraj district of U.P. The purpose of the study was to assist the socio-economic profile of the guava growers and the adoption regarding the recommended guava production practices. Kaurihar block was purposely selected because of the maximum production. From the block total 20 villages were randomly selected for the study, 6 respondents were selected from each village thus the total respondents 120. The results show that majority 61.67 per cent of the respondents belongs to medium level of progressiveness, 66.67 percent belongs to medium level of risk bearing capacity and 49.17 per cent of the respondent belongs to medium level of socio-economic status. The respondents were having medium level of adoption in improved varieties, propagation methods, row-row and plant-plant distance, NPK ration, irrigation, pruning of plant and packaging. And low level of adoption in bahar treatment, intercropping, high density planting, control measures of diseases, insecticides application, mulching, training of plant and post-harvest. Majority 56.67 per cent of the respondent has medium level of adoption. Association between socio-economic profile and adoption of guava cultivation source of information 0.95, annual income 0.87, social participation 0.86 and extension contact 0.81 shows strong and positive correlation.