Socio-cultural Problems Research Articles

Лирико-философское начало в малом литературном жанре как детерминанта культуры

The author considers the formation of lyrical and philosophical beginning in literature as an internal determinant of the culture of the Russian people and proves that the lyrical feeling as a philosophical aspect of creativity, restoring the individual’s ability to perceive the world and self-cognition, is a succession factor. In the archetype of creativity the author finds the expression of the national identity of the Russian writer, accumulating cultural memory. The solution of socio-cultural problems, encoded in the system archetype — image — symbol, is illustrated on the example of Y. Bondarev’s miniatures. The author believes that the translation of spiritual values of life from the writer to the readerin the lyrical miniature is the antagonist of the loss of personal and national orientation in the technogenic world.

INNOVATIVE ASPECTS FOR HEALTHY LIFESTYLE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS

Strengthening the system of physical culture and sports can be explained by trends in the requirements for innovative research emerging in the system. Today’s pace of modern development is accelerating, which, combined with the increasing penetration of various fields in the system of physical culture and sports, determines the co-development of physical culture and sports. In particular, the growing importance of socio-cultural problems in physical culture and sports, as well as the impact of various levels of incoming techniques and technologies, makes it necessary to study the social image of athletes through the prism of spiritual values, religion and culture. This article scientifically examines the importance of physical education and the formation of a healthy lifestyle in the upbringing of a harmoniously developed generation.

Problematika Pendidikan Anak Di Keluarga Muslim Buruh Pabrik

Abstract:. Religious education in children is first obtained from the family environment and the main component is parents. The presence of parents in raising children is one thing that cannot be underestimated and ordinary. The absence of parents in the family will result in children being "orphaned" even for reasons of working and earning a living. The research is descriptive qualitative with the research strategy used is a case study, data analysis is carried out through qualitative analysis. Sources of research data (1) informants or resource persons consisting of the ranks of company owners, administrative staff, human resources, marketing, foremen and wholesale employees at PR. Diva Sejahtera Sidoarjo. (2) observation, by examining the object of research in the form of companies and their activities and the villages they live in and their religious activities there. (3) Archives and documents in PR. Diva Sejahtera in the form of everything that can be used as a reference by researcher. The results of this study indicate: (1) the complexity of the problems of workers, from economic, socio-cultural problems to the problems of their children's education. (2) the problems that arise stem from economic, social and cultural problems that entangle their lives. (3). Educational problems faced cannot be separated from educational factors. In this study, it was concluded that it needed full awareness of workers about the importance of education, especially Islamic education.

Assistance and Support Provided to International Students by University Teachers

While studying abroad, international students face numerous difficulties, which forces host universities to provide such students with additional assistance and support. However, the issue of activities employed by university teachers to support international students has been understudied. The research was undertaken to identify what activities university teachers used to assist and support international students and what categories of teachers were more likely to provide assistance. The main method was a descriptive survey where a quarter of faculty (N=92) of the Belarusian-Russian University participated. The analysis revealed that the most popular activities to enhance learning outcomes of international students were providing them with easier and simpler assignments, using interactive projector to deliver lectures, and encouraging international students to seek personal guidance. University teachers were also aware of psychological and socio-cultural problems of international students and did their best to create safe classroom environments, demonstrate tolerance to low language proficiency and speech errors, and facilitate intercultural interactions in the classrooms. More active positions in supporting international students were taken by middle career teachers. The study highlights the significance of implementation of support activities in international groups and recommends that host universities organize special training for faculties with significant numbers of international students.

SF 영화와 드라마에 나타난 기술적 타자로서의 인공지능 캐릭터 연구

The practical use of artificial intelligence has been accelerated by the advancement of technology, which also allowed artificial intelligence to emerge in the real world and interact with humans. Media has been producing fictitious characters based on the AI as protagonist or antagonist. Through analyzing the process of forming an identity of AI characters in fictional movies and dramas, it will be possible to infer the answer to the socio-cultural problem of artificial intelligence.<BR> In this study, the process of forming identity of AI characters as ‘Technical Others’ was analyzed based on Frantz Fanon’s colonial theory. First of all, AI characters created by human perceive their physical differences as deficiencies through comparison with human. Second, they desire making mutual relationship with humans and becoming members of human society. In this process, they try to prove their human-like features through mutual-recognition. Finally, as the result of their desire, they experience ego-regression or the state of unconsciousness. This blank is filled with the identity as ‘the others’, and as a result, the AI characters solidify their formed identity as a ‘technical others’ in the hierarchical relationship of humanistic ideology.<BR> AI characters are non-human beings that break the boundaries of the binomial confrontation like subject-other, fiction-reality, furthermore, humanism-posthumanism. So through analyzing former AI characters, it is expected that the identity of AI characters can be defined socioculturally and offer alternative directions of preparing for the era of posthumanism.

The Uniqueness of Architecture and Bamboo House Environment in Pengotan Traditional Village, Bali, Indonesia

Pengotan Village is a traditional village known as a tourism village in which it has unique architectures of bamboo house settlements and its natural beauty. These resources have led to an increase in tourist visits. However, the increase has led to the growth of tourist facilities such as accommodations and restaurants. The construction of tourist facilities has transformed agricultural and plantation lands' functions to support tourism and new settlements. This transformation has caused changes in traditional architecture even though these cultural productions are interesting for tourists. This phenomenon is an architectural challenge for the people to maintain the cultural productions, but at the same time, they can accommodate tourist activities in the village. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the traditional settlement and architecture of the bamboo, including socio-cultural conditions, village morphology, building typology, and problems faced. Using fieldwork investigations and interviews, this paper's output identifies and documents data conditions, problems, analysis, concepts, and strategies for future village architectural conservation. This activity's technical implementation includes preparation, survey, a compilation of data and analysis, formulation of concepts and structuring strategies, design, and socialization.

PROBLEMS OF SOCIOREADAPTATION OF YOUNG SINGLE MOTHERS AS A SOCIAL ASPECT

Socioreadaptation of young single mothers - the actual problem is. This is due to the fact that in modern society, an increasing number of them are worrying society. In the process of identifying its main factors, measures for the prevention of social orphanhood are affected by defining the concept of «early pregnancy», «motherhood in adolescence». In adolescence, pregnancy and motherhood are considered within the framework of socio-cultural problems, and the consequences of this are differentiated systematically.

PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT ECOVILLAGE

The article is devoted to the study of the ecological situation in Ukraine, defining the role, prerequisites and measures for the organization of energy-efficient ecological settlements in sustainable development, as well as the analysis of domestic and foreign design experience. The world we live in is on the brink of global catastrophe. After analyzing acute environmental problems, it was found that one of the main ways to preserve and restore natural resources, as well as improve the environmental situation is the development of energy-efficient ecological settlements. Energy-efficient ecological settlements have become particularly visible since their articulation as a social movement, since 1994, namely since the establishment of the Global Network of Eco-Settlements (GEN). Such communities existed long before the term ecovillage was founded. Ecovillages demonstrate a different way of life, aimed at a better quality of life, while reducing the ecological footprint. The idea of implementation and development of these settlements is based on solving environmental, economic and socio-cultural problems. The creation of eco-settlements is based on more relevant factors and principles, the main of which are environmental. The plan of ecological restoration and protection of the environment is possible due to the factors of organization, the main components and measures of designing energy-efficient ecological settlements in compliance with political goals. The study focuses on the special characteristics and principles of designing energy-efficient ecological settlements with low consumption of resources, which present innovative technologies, architectural planning, spatial composition, environmental and economic measures. Examining the principles and means of organization as well as the concept of sustainable development, it was found that these settlements meet all 17 global goals of sustainable development, through smooth integration and adaptation to the local natural and social environment. After defining the role in sustainable development, the most influential examples of domestic and foreign projects on urban planning aspects of the formation and spatial organization of energy efficient settlements in the dynamics of their historical development are analyzed. Such settlements will grow out of the needs and opportunities caused by new environmental constraints (due to the high population density in cities), a new level of consciousness and the need to rebuild their own state.

Humanitarian discourse in the period of the pandemic

The next All-Russian Scientific and Practical conference, held by the Perm Institute of Culture in November 2020, considered a set of socio-cultural problems that arose during the pandemic, and presented advice and recommendations on the optimal solution of these problems to the higher authorities.

Potential and problems of ornamental fish farming development in Depok City (case study: neon tetra, cardinal and red nose ornamental fish farmer in Bojongsari District)

Ornamental fish is one of Indonesia’s export commodities with destination countries dominated by Japan, Singapore, America, China, England, Korea, and Malaysia. This paper aims to provide an overview of the potential development, problems, and challenges of ornamental fish farming in Depok City. The research was conducted in August 2020 in Bojongsari District, Depok City, West Java Province. Data collected in the form of primary data and secondary data. The survey method was used in this research, with interview techniques using a questionnaire, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussion to stakeholders. Data analysis used simple statistical analysis and qualitative descriptive. The results showed that Depok City is one of the areas with the third-largest potential for ornamental fish in Indonesia, with its center in Bojongsari District. There are two types of ornamental fish farming in Bojongsari, namely hatchery, and nursery of ornamental fish. The dominant types of ornamental fish commodities are neon tetra, cardinal, and red nose. The problems in the development of ornamental fish farming include; a) technical problems, namely limited land; availability and quality of broodstock; limited fish seeds; quantity and quality of water (decrease in water quality); disease b) socio-cultural problems, namely the limited number of fish breeders; difficulty accepting new technology; marketing still depends on demand; access to price information at the exporter level; the workforce still comes from within the family and depends on the business owner; Human resources related to farming techniques; and financial management. So that it takes solutions related to problems and challenges through government policies in fostering and mentoring business actors, both technology assistance, as well as business management and socio-cultural behavior.

Actualization of cultural heritage by museum means for the visitors with hearing impairment

The subject of this research is the actualization of cultural heritage by museum means. The object of this research is the adaptation of persons with hearing impairment, namely the experience of Russian museums. Museum plays a significant role in the processes of sociocultural adaptation, self-identification and social inclusion of the people with disabilities, possessing a unique set of criteria, ability to accumulate and transmit cultural potential. The active participation of museums in solution of sociocultural problems in many ways determines the vector of further development of museology, implementing modern cultural practices. The authors believe that working with the hearing-impaired visitors requires reconsideration of the traditional ways of presenting museum information and development of the new forms of interpretation of exhibition material. The conclusion is made that museum personnel should orient towards the individual peculiarities of each visitor, taking into account their capabilities in selecting the channel of museum communication, forms, methods and approaches. Museum personnel should plan their work jointly with the pedagogues, rehabilitation specialists, social workers, psychologists, and persons with disabilities directly. Each museum should be provided with the necessary conditions for working with children of each disability category. Namely this underlied the development of the concept of museum tour &amp;ldquo;We Can Hear You Through The Eyes&amp;rdquo; on the premises of Kuzbass State Museum of Local Lore.

José Lezama Lima e Antonio Cornejo Polar Las imbricaciones entre historia y literatura en la lectura de Mariano Picón Salas, Roberto Fernández Retamar, José Lezama Lima y Antonio Cornejo Polar

This article considers the socio-cultural problems of Venezuela, and by extension of Hispanic America, regarding the unfinished historical process of building cultural identities beyond European determinisms, mythical legends or utopias about the American being. We will address the singularity of Latin American literature, in its representation of the place of American speech, in relation with the overlap between Literature and History. We will draw from theoretical-critical contributions by Picón Salas, Fernández Retamar, Lezama Lima and Cornejo Polar.

Psychological intervention programs for children with overweight and obesity: Systematic review

Currently obesity is a public health problem that is characterized by being a chronic disease, caused by various factors ranging from genetic, metabolic or sociocultural problems.&#x0D; Objective: To analyze psychological interventions for overweight and obesity, in children, with favorable results in the participants.&#x0D; Method: A systematic review was carried out on the internet based on articles published in Crossref and PubMed by using keywords such as “interventions for overweight children”, “Children obesity interventions”, “psychological interventions in children”.&#x0D; Results: In a first revision, 79 psychological programs applied in children were found, when reviewing the programs, it was found that only 19 had favourable results in the participants.&#x0D; Conclusion: The interventions had positive results; however, it will be necessary to design more adequate interventions for obese and overweight people, and contribute more to the solution of these public health problems.

The History of the Russian Far East during the Late Imperial Period in the Works of English- and German-language Researchers

The Russian Far East saw rapid development in the latter half of XIX – early XX centuries. The Eastern periphery of the Russian Empire attracted attention of foreign scientists. The objective of the present research was to analyze works published by American, British, and German researchers in the second half of XIX – early XXI centuries and devoted to the "late Imperial" history of the Russian Far East. Since the very first foreign publications on the history of accession of the Amur and Primorye regions, foreign studies focused not only on Russia’s foreign policy and military aspects of its eastward expansion but also on the geographical, demographic, social, and economic factors of the colonization. In the late XX century, Western publications featured mostly intercultural, inter-ethnic, and sociocultural problems, as well as ideological aspects of state policy and the changing image of the Russian Far East. English- and German-language scholars offered a great variety of concepts; however, two main trends stood out quite clearly. Most researchers emphasized the impact of the geopolitical context and the role of Russia’s expansionist policy, as the country fought for power in the Pacific Rim. However, some authors acknowledged Russia's objective necessity to strengthen its position on the Pacific coast, protect its Far Eastern territories, and develop their economy.

ОЦЕНКА ЛЮДСКИХ ПОТЕРЬ РСФСР ЗА ГОДЫ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ

The Second World War is one of the most destructive, brutal and bloody wars in the history of mankind. The Soviet people "paid" a high price for the liberation of their territories and the territories of the countries of Europe and Asia from the fascist regime. The war claimed the lives of 11444,1 thousand Soviet servicemen and 13684,7 thousand civilians of the Soviet Union, leaving eternal memory and glory to the heroism, feats and perseverance of Soviet citizens. Statistics cannot convey the full depth of the tragedy for our people, but they can objectively assess the scale of human, economic, material, socio-cultural problems. The article is devoted to the topic of assessing the human losses of the RSFSR during the Great Patriotic War and the contribution of the Soviet people to the establishment of inter-country peace. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the losses of the civilian and military population of the RSFSR in wartime was performed, in particular, the dynamics of the population by gender and age was analyzed, a comparative assessment of the actual population with the hypothetical one was given, the irretrievable losses of Soviet servicemen and civilians, including children, were analyzed, the infant mortality of the population was studied, and the ratio of the number of men and women at the beginning and end of the war was considered. The Great Patriotic War "threw" the country back decades in terms of demography, social and economic development. For example, with regard to human losses, it took 10 years for the population to reach the pre-war level again. In the scientific article, the official data of the Federal State Statistics Service were used, for data analysis, the methods of constructing generalizing indicators, dynamics series, comparative analysis, as well as tabular and graphical representation of the results obtained were used.

The Potential of Food Security Crops in Ethiopia:Review

Potential crops are the most important to overcome food insecurity in Ethiopia. This paper also reviews the increasing productivity and production of potential crops through improved technology play great role to achieve food security in Ethiopia. Besides the possible increasing productivity and production of potential or major crops for food security in Ethiopia, through improving productivity of the crop, tackle climate change, tolerance/resistance to major abiotic and biotic factors. In Ethiopia, cereal crops have large coverage both in area and production. Even though out of the total grain crop area, 79.88% is under cereals and their production is contributed 86.68% of the grain production while Pulses covered 13.24% of the grain crop area and their production is 10.38% of the grain production. These potential crops are mainly the primary component in the most Ethiopians’ diet, and also the key to food security in the country. The possible opportunities for increasing major crop production and productivity in Ethiopia are wide suitable land resources, broad crop genetic diversities, availability of different types water resources and conducive government policy. However, challenges also occur in our country like climate change, technological problem, socio-cultural problems, biotic and abiotic factors, lack of skilled manpower, increasing human population growth and they put more people under malnutrition. The major areas of focus on the future major food security crops improvement are improving the productivity of the crop, tackling climate change, capacitating human skill, lowering the total population growth rate through creating awareness on human contraceptive mechanisms, developing tolerance/resistance crops to major abiotic and biotic factors. Keywords: Potential, Production, Food security DOI: 10.7176/JNSR12-2-02 Publication date: January 31 st 2021

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS OF TERRORISM IN THE MODERN SOCIOCULTURAL SITUATION OF THE WORLD COMMUNITY

The article examines the socio-cultural preconditions of terrorism in the world history of the 20th century. The current situation in the Russian Federation indicates the need to create an effective organizational and legal mechanism for countering terrorism, which infringes on the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the population of the Russian Federation and its state sovereignty. The provisions have been stated that determine the importance of studying the phenomenon of terrorism in the context of the growth of globalization processes and active opposition to them on the part of opponents of globalization. The author emphasizes the idea that deepening of the modern spiritual crisis influences the replacement of traditional moral values with a pragmatic orientation towards personal material success, which greatly contributes to the development of international terrorism. Despite a fairly wide list of subjects empowered by the national legislation of the Russian Federation to fight terrorism, the current legal field has not developed a concept that defines terrorism not only as a form of illegal action, but as a socio-cultural problem. In many respects, this became one of the reasons for the lack of interaction and coordination between the executive authorities and management in terms of its organization and implementation of measures aimed at countering terrorist manifestations. The study concludes that victory in the fight against terrorism cannot be achieved solely by forceful methods and state institutions. Civil society must make its contribution to the fight against terrorism.

Ecolinguistic Types of Traditional House Building at the Southern Border of Central Java as Javanese Sociocultural Equality

People of southern coastal border of Central Java have extraordinary features, not only biological ecology, but also ecolinguistic features that can be seen from the socio-cultural awareness community. Socio-cultural awareness of people the southern coastal border Central Java is reflected in behavior of simplicity and openness with the ecology of their immediate environment. These two things are the reflection of solidarity upheld by the community. Their closeness to nature forms the character of society full of symbolic values. This research examines the philosophical meaning and local wisdom functions of the architecture of traditional house building of people at the southern coastal border of Central Java. The orientation of this research is to interpret the form of ecological acculturation reflected in the traditional house buildings of southern coastal border communities of Central Java. This research constitutes a qualitative type with contextual descriptive method. In answering socio-cultural problems, ecolinguistics and cultural anthropology were used as the basis of this research analysis. The results of this study indicate the unitary environmental orientation of the basic concept for the construction of traditional houses in the southern coastal community of Central Java, spiritual orientation counterweighting the strength of traditional house buildings, and economic orientation as the form of togetherness and openness of the southern coastal communities Central Java.

Russian Charity Traditions and Social Aspects of Zemstvo Medicine

The article presents an overview of the ways of the development of “charity activities” through the prism of modern approach. There are distinguished several stages of its development: knyazhiy(princely), church (clerical), state-run and zemski (territorial). The authors presume that these stages, identified while analyzing literary references,were sources of the formation of the social policy of the state and, though declared, can hardly be defined as actual “charity” (philanthropy). Along with that it is assumed in the article that these were the reforms of the queen Catherine the Great that formed the foundation for the spread of charity as public and private initiative aimed at solving sociocultural problems. Private charitybecomes an increasing trend only in the second half of the 19th century. The authors regard major directions of charitable assistance provided to zemstvo medicine institutions.

Modern problems of Evenk language functioning and its development prospects

The article is dedicated to the modern problems of Evenk language functioning and its development prospects. The preservation and development of the language remain an urgent sociolinguistic and sociocultural problem to this day. The research conducted in Yakutia shows that the functioning of Evenk language is reduced to a minimum. The linguistic situation with the native language is assessed as definitely critical and can be one of the indicators of socio-economic ill-being of not only Evenks, but also other indigenous peoples. The main problems of linguistic life in the republic include the reduction of Evenk language functions and inadequate formation of a positive motivation for learning the native language. In the society, there is a complex system of objective and subjective factors that do not contribute tointensive development of positive processes in the preservation and development of Evenk language. In general, subjective factors include poor organization of the educational process in educational institutions, ineffectiveness of training sessions, insufficient attention to the development of speech culture and enrichment of the native language’s vocabulary, low level of educational and methodological support of education and upbringing. The social environment for Evenk language functioning is continuing to narrow, which makes an objective factor.