Socio-psychological Attitudes Research Articles

Motives of gifted high school students for pursuing a teaching degree at university

Introduction. The problem of professional choice is one of the most pressing for any high school student. Gifted children are no exception. At the same time, the choice of a professional path is based on very different motives, which affects the success of professional self-determination and further career self-actualization. The choice of teacher’s training by gifted high school students is also made for various reasons. The purpose of the article is to identify the motives of gifted high school students for pursuing a teaching degree at university. Materials and methods. The participants in the study were 97 gifted students (51 students in 2022 and 46 students in 2023) who entered pedagogical courses at Kostroma State University. Methods: “Career Anchors” technique by E. Shein (translation and adaptation by V.A. Chiker, V.E. Vinokurova) “Methodology for diagnosing socio-psychological attitudes of the individual in the motivational-need sphere” by O.F. Potemkina; questionnaire by I.N. Grushetskaya, S.M. Nemchenko. Results. The study data showed that about a third of respondents took into account the opinions of their parents when making professional choices. The participants understand the essence of their profession, and, based on this understanding, they are satisfied with their choice (the percentage of gifted students who regret their choice is 2% in 2022; 4.3% in 2023). More than a half of the freshmen who entered the teacher’s training courses, starting from their first year, think about their professional future and the steps necessary to build a career. The students surveyed strive for independence, the opportunity to work independently and to implement their values and ideals into work to achieve socially important goals; they value a balance between career, family, personal interests and other aspects of life. The study showed that respondents often focus on external motivational factors of their professional choice, despite the “helping nature” of the chosen areas of training. According to the results of our study, the main motives for choosing a profession were an interest in this profession and correspondence of the profession with skills and abilities. Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the need for systematic work with all categories of applicants, especially with gifted high school students, who often make their professional choice spontaneously, not consciously, relying on past achievements in various types of activities, focusing on the opinions of parents and teachers.

«The Best Years of Life». The Childhood and Youth of Vladimir Dahl in the Focus of Historical Research

The article, based on a wide range of archival and published sources, examines the early years of the famous lexicographer, writer, ethnographer and official V.I. Dahl. This period is of particular importance for understanding the origins of the formation of the characteristics of his personality and worldview, which he carried throughout his life. The training of V.I. Dahl in the Naval Cadet Corps in St. Petersburg (1815-1819) is analyzed not only from the point of view of the content of the educational process, but also in the context of relationships with peers and teachers. These factors seem to have had a significant impact on the formation of character and socio-psychological attitudes inherent in V.I. Dahl in subsequent years. It is in the circumstances of childhood and youth that one should look for the roots of various turns of fate and career of V.I. Dahl, as well as some difficult situations that sometimes developed between him and his contemporaries. A number of aspects of the biography of the lexicographer and his immediate relatives have been studied for the first time.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ МОТИВАЦИИ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПОМОГАЮЩИХ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ

The motivation of employees is reflected in their behavior in the workplace and affects the results of the organization as a whole, if we are talking about helping specialists, then on the effectiveness of providing psychological assistance to the population. Understanding the factors that contribute to motivation can help administrators better manage their organization in terms of staff performance, staff turnover, etc. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of professional motivation of helping professionals with different work experience. The sample was made up of psychologists working in centers of psychological, pedagogical and social assistance in Moscow, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region. A total of 60 people took part in the study, of which 30 people had work experience of up to 10 years and 30 had work experience of more than 10 years. The following methods were used in the study: the “Motivational Personality Profile” method by S. Ritchie and P. Martin, the method for diagnosing the socio-psychological attitudes of an individual in the motivational-need sphere by O.F. Potemkina, the “Diagnostics of the motivational structure of personality” method by V.E. Milman, a questionnaire for diagnosing the motives of professional activity of specialists by T.N. Frantseva. The study was conducted using an online service for creating feedback forms, online tests and surveys - Google Forms. When processing the results statically, methods of descriptive statistics and the nonparametric statistical criterion U-Mann Whitney and the correlation coefficient r-Spearman were used. Statistical data processing was carried out using the STATISTICA 10 software package. The study found that helping professionals with less than 10 years of experience are motivated to earn money, good working conditions and clear regulations are important to them, interaction with other people at work is situationally important, for them, work as such is not very important; power and influence are little expressed in the structure of their professional motivation. Helping specialists with more than 10 years of experience are focused on the activity itself, self-realization, self-improvement and obtaining public recognition; they do not need clear work regulations; receiving remuneration is not the leading motive for their activity.

Motivational attitudes of personality of potential scientific and technical elite of Russia

Introduction. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the need-motivational sphere of the individual, identifying its most important features. The purpose of this analysis was to reveal and substantiate such a substantive component of the theoretical model of the psychology of the subject of the modern scientific and engineering elite as the need-motivational one. To substantiate and test the theoretical model, a comprehensive empirical study was carried out aimed at studying the psychological characteristics of the personality of a representative of the scientific and technical community. Particular emphasis was placed on the study of promising youth (students).Materials and Methods. The following psychodiagnostic tools were used in the study: diagnostics of socio-psychological attitudes of the individual in the motivational-need sphere by O.F. Potemkina, “coping test” (the technique was developed by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman, adapted by T.L. Kryukova, E.V. Kuftyak, M.S. Zamyshlyaeva), emotional intelligence test by D.V. Lyusin (EmIn). A comparative analysis of the results obtained was carried out using methods of mathematical statistics (Kruskal-Wallis H test), and correlation analysis (Spearman) was also used. The study sample consisted of first-year engineering and technical students of the National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI" in the amount of 111 people, who were distributed into 3 groups: Institute of Nanotechnologies in Electronics, Spintronics and Photonics (INTEL) – 15 people; Engineering Physics Institute of Biomedicine (IFIB) – 27 people; Institute of Laser and Plasma Technologies (LAPLAZ) – 69 people.Results. Comparative data analysis showed differences between samples. They are expressed in the type of motivation, in the orientation “towards the result” or “process”. The study showed some alarming trends: purely engineering students are more focused on material values and social benefits, while being emotionally restrained and low in contact. Materials scientists and biomedical specialties are focused on communicative interaction and social support, and are more emotionally relaxed.Discussion and Conclusions. The empirical study, and especially its results, confirmed the feasibility of using the theoretical model and showed its viability. A comparative analysis made it possible to identify common and special features in the manifestation of motivational attitudes among students of various technical profiles.

Мотивационно-потребностные аспекты личности, вовлеченной в террористическую деятельность

<p>Despite significant measures taken by society, the problem of terrorism remains relevant to the entire global community due to its totality, cruelty, pronounced psychological impact on people, and its anti-human orientation. In this regard, research aimed at identifying the overt and hidden motives of terrorist actions, psychological and social factors shaping the unique personality traits of terrorists, and in particular, motivational and need-based aspects of personality that underlie terrorist activity, is of special value. However, such studies are complicated by objective specific circumstances that prevent many researchers from conducting comprehensive research on target samples of individuals involved in terrorist activity. The aim of the study is to examine the socio-psychological attitudes in the motivational-need sphere of personality in individuals involved in terrorist activity, as well as to analyze the psychosocial factors contributing to the formation of these personality constructs. Methods: individual personal examination using a clinical-demographic card specifically adapted for the purposes of the study, and also the diagnosis of socio-psychological attitudes of personality in the motivational-need sphere (using O.F. Potemkina's method).Two samples participated in the study. The first sample - experimental, included 32 individuals - persons under investigation for committing terrorist-related crimes; the second sample - control, included 31 individuals who had no legal problems. All examined are men in the age range from 19 to 45 years. The study results indicate that in this category of individuals, socio-psychological attitudes aimed at altruism and freedom dominate, with low values of egoism and money orientation indicators. It was found that individuals involved in terrorist activity have lower indicators of the formation of such motivational attitudes as process orientation, result orientation, work, freedom, and power, compared to ordinary citizens.</p>

Women's personal behavioral styles and their relationship with types of money beliefs and behaviors, money attitudes and socio-psychological attitudes in the sphere of motivations and needs

Introduction. The study of the relationship between women's personal behavioral styles and various aspects of their attitudes to money has become relevant these days because of the forced adaptation of Ukrainians to new conditions of life and professional activity associated with a war in Ukraine. Aim: To analyze the relationship between women's personal behavioral styles and the types of money beliefs and behavior, money attitudes and socio-psychological attitudes in the field of motivations and needs. Methods. J. Hay's "Personal Styles" questionnaire, A. Furnham's "Money Beliefs and Behavior Scale" (MBBS) (modified by M. Simkiv), T. L. Tang's "Monetary Ethics Scale" method (MAS) (modified by M. Simkiv), and "Diagnostics of Social and Psychological Attitudes of the Individual in the Field of Motivations and Needs"). Results. There are positive and negative statistically significant relationships between personal styles ("Parent-controller", "Parent-educator", "Functional adult", "Adaptive child", "Natural child") and types of money beliefs and behavior (money obsession, power, economy, inappropriate behavior with money), monetary attitudes (money as a good, money as an evil, money as a means of achieving success, money as a factor in respect for people, planning expenses, money as a means of achieving freedom and power), as well as socio-psychological attitudes in the field of motivations and needs (process orientation, result orientation, altruism orientation, freedom orientation, power orientation, work orientation, and money orientation). Conclusions. The obtained results can be used in designing training and motivational programs for women in the system of state-run, commercial and public organizations.

Linguacultural Framework for Developing Master’s Students’ Bilingual Rhetorical and Polemical Competences

The development of core humanitarian competencies is one of the crucial issues of modern university humanitarian education, including, in particular, bilingual rhetorical and polemical competences, without which an individual will be unableto take part successfully in international discussions and debates on socially sensitive topics and controversial issues in the humanities. And, although in the new millennium, a number of research studies have tried to open the door to the world of discussions and debates to Russian university students, using for educational purposes this or that format of international discussions or debates, nevertheless, an analysis of the theoretical and applied results of these pedagogical searches, as well as a methodological analysis of rhetoric syllabi and Russian & foreign course-books clearly indicate that students are left in the dark about important sociocultural and linguo-cultural features of international discussion and debate formats. As a result, some Master’s students’ classroom debate experiences do not make them really capable of interacting with representatives of other cultural and linguistic communities in international discussions and debate settings. It seems that the first step to improve this didactic situation is to specify linguocultural components of bilingual rhetorical and polemical competences (in terms of knowledge, skills, sociopsychological attitudes, abilities and personal characteristics of an individual who is able to act as a successful polemist and participant in modern online and offline discussion) on a linguo-didactic analysis of the Euro-Atlantic formats of international discussions and debates as linguocultural phenomena. The paper gives an insight into the author’s vision of a component structure of the above-mentioned general humanitarian competencies in the context of the communicative actionoriented and sociocultural approaches to designing a Master’s degree programme of bilingual communicative education through Russian and foreign languages.

Особенности эмоционального состояния врачей, работающих и неработающих с пациентами, больными Covid-19, в контексте их индивидуально-психологических различий

<p>Since 2019, the world has faced the COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected the lives of almost everyone. But the greatest burden of responsibility fell on the shoulders of medical workers who have been fighting for the lives of patients in the "red zones" all this time, experiencing enormous overload and stress, and after all, everyone has limited resources to overcome difficult life situations and reacts to them in their own way. In this regard, the purpose of our work was to study the emotional state of doctors working and not working with patients with COVID-19 in the context of their individual psychological differences, such as personal anxiety, features of aggressive behavior and the presence of certain socio-psychological attitudes. The total number of study participants was 81 people aged 27 to 63 years (M=43.6; SD=8.7). As a result of the study, significant differences were revealed in the severity of situational anxiety, overstrain and counteraction to stress in groups with moderate and high levels of personal anxiety among doctors working in "red" zones. For doctors working in "clean" zones, significant differences between situational anxiety and overexertion were revealed for this parameter. The presence of significant connections of such features of aggressive behavior as aggressiveness and hostility with the severity of stress, overexertion and resistance to stress was found. Significant connections between the levels of situational anxiety, overexertion and resistance to stress and different styles of behavior in conflict situations were also revealed. In addition, the links between situational anxiety, overstrain and resistance to stress and various styles of socio-psychological attitudes were revealed.</p>

Motivational and personal characteristics of students taking part in the implementation of volunteer projects of a social orientation

Problem and objective. The study is aimed at studying the totality of motivational, personal characteristics and value orientations of students participating in the implementation of volunteer projects of a social orientation. The purpose of the study: to present the structural characteristics of the personal potential of students participating in volunteer activities, to identify the personal characteristics that determine the involvement in volunteering in order to develop effective educational approaches and practices to strengthen the active life position of student youth, to involve them in various forms of social participation, care and support in the current period. Research methods. The study involved 86 students of the Belgorod National Research University. Methods of progress monitoring and psychological testing were used: Method Questionnaire of internal-external motivational orientation; Method Multifactor personality questionnaire FPI; Hardiness Test; Method Research of value orientations; Method for diagnosing the orientation of the personality; Method for diagnosing socio-psychological attitudes of a person in the motivational-demanding sphere. Results of the study. The structure of personal potential determining the formation of the desire for volunteer activity is presented. The model of psychological support of students for the purpose of introduction to volunteer activity is defined. In particular, it is necessary to work on the formation of a motivational-need component, emotional-volitional, communicative, value-semantic, cognitive. Compared to students who are not involved in volunteer activities, students involved in volunteer activities are characterized by a higher level of resilience (tEMP=10,1), risk-taking (tEMP=8,3), involvement (tEMP=7,4). People who realize their personal potential in volunteering are more activity-oriented (tEMP=6,8). Their individual psychological characteristics are characterized by greater sociability (tEMP=7,6), poise (tEMP=6,9), openness (tEMP=8,3), emotional stability (tEMP=9,2). They are more resultoriented (tEMP=8,2), prone to altruism (tEMP=7,7). Conclusion. The mechanism and conditions of personalization of students' volunteer activity indicated in the study have no exact analogues in modern practice-oriented developments and can be used in the formation of the educational potential of volunteer activity among students.

Карьерные ориентации сотрудников правоохранительных органов

<p style="text-align: justify;">The article presents the results of a theoretical and empirical study of career orientations of law enforcement officers. The study involved 100 employees, including 49 men and 51 women. The following methods were used as diagnostic tools: “Career anchors” (E. Shaeine) and “Methods for diagnosing socio-psychological attitudes of a person in the motivational-need sphere” (O.F. Potemkina). Methods of mathematical and statistical data processing — calculation of average sample values and factor analysis. It is shown that the career motivation of law enforcement officers includes career orientations on the stability of the workplace, service, integration of lifestyles and autonomy, as well as socio-psychological attitudes to the result and process of work, altruism, freedom and power. With the help of factor analysis, it was revealed that the model of career motivation of law enforcement officers contains the following components: rationally independent, socially useful, influential-activity and autonomous-initiative orientation in a career. It is summarized that the identification of career motivation factors can be useful when creating a prolonged program of psychological support for law enforcement officers to improve their professionalism.</p>

Влияние ценностной сферы личности на психологическую готовность к предпринимательской деятельности

The paper studies the influence of values and socio-psychological attitudes towards the psychological readiness for entrepreneurship of the students of humanitarian training programs. The study is caused by the demand of the government for the search, development, and support of initiative young people who are focused on entrepreneurial activity, who want to carry on individual business and benefit society. The empirical study sample involves the Humanities students. The research was carried out on the base of the laboratory of V.G. Timiryasov Kazan Innovative University. The M. Rokeach Value Survey, O.F. Potemkina’s “Social-Psychological Attitudes of a Personality in the Motivation-Need Sphere” test, and E.K. Klimova’s “The Diagnosis of Psychological Readiness for Entrepreneurial Activity” questionnaire were the diagnostic tools. The authors compiled the ranking of values and attitudes of students in the motivation-need sphere. It was determined that for the surveyed students, the concrete values – “health” and “self-confidence” are the most significant, and the abstract values, not related to their ego – “the beauty of nature” and “happiness of others” are the least significant. Among values-means, action and communication values and ethic values are significant. The students manifested a dominant attitude towards freedom and a low level of general psychological readiness for entrepreneurship combined with the pronounced intention to become entrepreneurs and high enterprise self-esteem. The authors established the influence of values and socio-psychological attitudes towards the psychological readiness for entrepreneurial activity of the Humanities students. The values of active life and life wisdom, the focus on money, freedom, altruism, and selfishness play an activating role in it.

Survey of transport company employees' mindsets and values

This paper presents a study of the attitudes and values of employees in transport companies. The relevance of the study stems from the fact that the attitudes and values of employees affect the performance of the organisation in the same way as professional skills and often organisations do not find it necessary to pay attention to this, reducing the manager's job to identifying competencies. It is important for internal management to know the motivations and values of employees, because they are often transferred to colleagues and customers. The following methods were used in the research: diagnostics of socio-psychological orientations of personality in motivational and demand sphere by O. F. Potemkina, diagnostics of values - Schwarz questionnaire, peculiarities of internal marketing were studied by R. Mowday, R. Stiers, and L. Porter's method of personnel loyalty measurement. Sociopsychological attitudes have been shown to correlate with the values of transport company employees with different length of service. It was found that there is a significant direct correlation between the indicators "result" and "universalism", "work" and "achievement", "work", and "independence" for employees of the transport company with 15 to 20 years of work experience. For employees whose length of service varies from 5 to 15 years, there is a positive correlation between the indicators "process" and "independence", "work" and "stimulation", "money" and "independence". The study will make it possible to determine company development strategies through human resources, taking into account the length of service. This is necessary to optimise the performance of the entire transport company.

ДЕГУМАНІЗАЦІЯ ЖІНОК У МЕТОДИЧНИХ ВИДАННЯХ РОСІЙСЬКИХ ІДЕОЛОГІВ

The results of a study of intangible aspects of combat readiness of Russian combatants had been represented in the article. In particular, the gender markers of the readiness of Russian militants to attack with the commission of sexual violence were investigated. The process of formation of socio-psychological attitudes in the motivational sphere of Russian men had been illustrated. A socio-philosophical analysis based on a gender approach was used to study the relationship between ideology, politics and social practices. Author emphasized, that analysis of the causes of complex social phenomena and processes requires possession of a complex of methodological and interpretive practices, which goes beyond jurisprudence or psychology and requires socio-philosophical research. Based on a number of criteria, a collection of methodical materials was selected for analysis - a publication specialized on pro-life and anti-choice topics. It was found that under the guise of an educational project, russian ideologues had been carried out a destructive influence on the personality of men. The peculiarities of such influence are revealed, which are illustrated by original Russian-language quotations from methodical materials. The list of target groups of this ideological project had been given. The geography of such projects had been studied. As a result of the study, applied aspects of the formation of misogyny in the Russian military were clarified. Methods of dehumanization of woman through the deprivation of a person's right to control his body in an anti-choice context had been demonstrated. It has been confirmed that the dehumanization of women enables gender-based violence as a means of warfare, including rape, enslavement, and forced pregnancy. It has been found that the dehumanization of real women as a group is a strategy of so called ―russian world‖ and a condition for sexual violence.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ГОТОВНОСТИ К ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ У СТУДЕНТОВ НА РАЗНЫХ ЭТАПАХ ОБУЧЕНИЯ В ВУЗЕ

At present, as a result of the expansion of the use of the development of information and computer technologies, the increase in the situation of uncertainty in various spheres of a person's life (social, economic, professional), the problem of the formation and development of future specialists, which is directly related to their readiness for professional activity, is becoming more and more urgent. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze differences in the structure of psychological readiness for professional activity among students at different stages of study at a university. The study involved students of the Faculty of Law of The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia (St. Petersburg) in the amount of 107 people. To study the components of psychological readiness were used: the technique "Who am I?" M. Kuhn and T. McPartland (translated and adapted by T.V. Rumyantseva), S. Schwartz’s method for studying personality values, R. Cattell’s method of multifactorial personality research (187), method of studying professional identity statuses (A.A. Azbel, A.G. Gretsov) and the methodology for diagnosing the socio-psychological attitudes of the individual in the motivational-demand sphere of O.F. Potemkina. The following methods were used to process the data obtained in the study: descriptive statistics, comparative statistics (parametric statistical tests of Student's t-test and non-parametric statistical test of U-Mann Whitney). Mathematical data processing was carried out using the Statistica package (Version 10). The study found that students of the 1st and 4th courses have the most pronounced socio-psychological attitudes “Orientation to freedom”, “Orientation to the process” and “Orientation to the result”, statistically significant differences were found only in the indicator “Orientation to the result”. The subjects are characterized by a similar personality profile, and statistically significant differences between the samples were established only for the indicator G - moral normativity. In the student environment, values that reflect personal success are more important than the interests of the group. Statistically significant differences were found only in the "Conformity" indicator. In the study of the cognitive component, it was found that the largest number of self-descriptions refer to the personal identity of students of both courses, to personal qualities, character traits, to an individual style of behavior ( "Reflexive Self").

Перфекционистская самопрезентация и альтруистические установки в период взрослости

The problem of effective tactics of personal self-presentation in various situations of social interaction is becoming increasingly important. The phenomenon of perfectionism as a person's desire for perfection, exceptional achievements and admiration from others, is becoming increasingly common both in professional and personal spheres. Objective: to identify the relationship between perfectionist self-presentation and altruistic attitudes in different periods of adulthood. It is hypothesized that there is gender and age characteristics and the interrelationships of perfectionist self-presentation and altruistic attitudes during adulthood. The study sample consisted of 90 respondents (men and women) aged 20 to 75 years (Minsk). Three periods of adulthood were compared: early (20-40 years), middle (40-60 years) and late (over 60 years). To diagnose perfectionist self-presentation, the Russian–language version of P. Hewitt's Perfectionist Self-Presentation Scale was used (adaptation by A. A. Zolotareva); to determine the manifestation of altruistic atti tudes, the methodology for diagnosing socio-psychological attitudes of the individual (O. F. Potemkin) was used. The authors obtained the data on gender and age characteristics and interrelations of perfectionist self-presentation and altruistic attitudes during adulthood. Through altruistic actions, men strive to create an image of a perfect person, demonstrate socially desirable behavior (altruism as a secondary benefit and a tool for self-promotion). With age, the level of perfectionist self-presentation decreases, and the manifestation of altruistic attitudes increases, reaching its peak in late adulthood. Empirically, the authors proved the existence of a relationship between perfectionist self-presentation and altruistic attitudes during late adulthood (the willingness to act for the benefit of others, to patronize people who suffer or experience difficulties, is associated with the desire to receive admiration and approval from others). Interpersonal interaction is shown to be regulated by empathy as well as by image and reputation goals, and altruism is one of the tactics of impression management. Taking care of one's reputation, public opinion, and image are important reasons for benevolence and prosocial behavior.

The meaning of the "ideal type" construction for the formation of the conceptual apparatus of sociological and psychological theories of law

The article examines the features of the formation of the conceptual and methodological apparatus of sociological and psychological theories of law from the point of view of the use of such a key concept as "ideal type" and its analogues. The study demonstrates that, although both areas of study and understanding of law – sociological and psychological – were based on empirical research methods and corresponding logical-conceptual constructions, quasi-rationalistic techniques were essential for them, which gave the character of an "understanding" science, which is not limited only to descriptive tasks, but claims to express normative judgments. Using the example of the ideas of M. Weber, R. Stammler, V. Wundt, G. Radbruch, L.I. Petrazhitsky and some other legal scientists and social philosophers, the spread of the "ideal type" technique and its analogues in empirically oriented theories of law is shown. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that it presents original judgments about the role and meaning of the "ideal type" construction for the formation of the conceptual and logical apparatus of socio-psychological theories of law in the recent history of legal thought. It is demonstrated that this construction is a characteristic method of analyzing law in psychological and sociological approaches to it, and is present in one form or another in a wide range of relevant areas of legal thought. The study shows that the construction of the ideal type is associated with such socio-psychological attitudes as "healthy legal psyche", "normal legal consciousness" and others.

About the psychological and pedagogical experiment on the formation of anti-corruption orientation of cadets educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia

Introduction. The article is devoted to the psychological and pedagogical experiment on the formation of anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The data of modern statistics indicate a steady increase in the number of corruption crimes in the Russian Federation, which in turn determines the need for the formation of anti-corruption orientation among cadets of law enforcement agencies, including cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. We believe that the anti-corruption orientation is an integrative personal education of cadets, including motives, values, needs, value orientations, psychological attitudes, ensuring compliance with the norms of anti-corruption legislation in the learning process through the development of motivational-value, cognitive-cognitive, spiritual-moral and emotional-volitional components. One of the ways to solve the problems of forming an anti-corruption orientation is to create author's psychological and pedagogical programs and implement them within the framework of a formative experiment. The psychological and pedagogical experiment on the formation of anti-corruption orientation was carried out by us in three stages: ascertaining, forming and control. At the ascertaining stage of the experiment, observation, testing, conversation, as well as a package of psychodiagnostic techniques aimed at studying the level of formation of structural components of the anti-corruption orientation were used. The task of the ascertaining stage was to study the level of formation of the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. According to the results of the empirical study, the cadets were divided into three groups, depending on the level of formation of anti-corruption orientation (high, medium, low). At the formative stage of the experiment, the author's psychological and pedagogical program was implemented, which was introduced into the educational process of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. At the control stage, the effectiveness of the author's psychological and pedagogical program for the formation of anti-corruption orientation was evaluated and a comparative analysis of the results obtained in the control and experimental groups was carried out.Materials and Methods. The following methods were used to conduct a psychodiagnostic examination: "16-factor personality questionnaire (R.B. Kettell)", "Diagnostics of the real structure of personality value orientations (S.S. Bubnov)", "Diagnostics of socio-psychological attitudes of personality in the motivational and need sphere (O.F. Potemkina)", "Locus of control questionnaire (E.G. Ksenofontova)", "Personality questionnaire of moral and legal reliability (E.Y. Strizhov)", "Scale personal strategies for overcoming life difficulties (S. Hobfall)".Results. In order to test the effectiveness of the author's program for the formation of anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, we conducted a repeated psychodiagnostic of the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation using the previously used package of psychodiagnostic techniques. It is established that the cadets after the formative stage of the experiment have positive personal changes, which confirm the formation of the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation. The authors diagnosed an increase in the level of self-control of emotions and behavior, confidence, the establishment of interpersonal contacts, the development of constructiveness in building relationships with others, the ability to adequately build their behavior depending on the conditions of the surrounding reality, the formation of a clear hierarchy of motives, a moderate desire to defend their views and principles, the desire to achieve goals and perseverance. The analysis of the obtained data shows that the author's psychological and pedagogical program has a positive impact on the development of the cadets ' personality: there is a development of responsibility for their own behavior; the formation of resistance to situations of a provocative nature, the development of moral and legal reliability of cadets. During the comparative analysis of the control and experimental groups, an increase in the level of indicators of the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation of cadets was observed, which confirms the effectiveness of the psychological and pedagogical program used.Discussion and Conclusions. Our psychological and pedagogical experiment on the formation of anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, including the ascertaining, forming, control stages, has shown its effectiveness. Positive dynamics of anti-corruption orientation was diagnosed. It is established that in the process of implementing the psychological and pedagogical program, the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia are formed.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСТАНОВКИ ЛИЧНОСТИ СТАРШЕКЛАССНИКОВ С РАЗНЫМ УРОВНЕМ ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА

The paper emphasizes the important role of socio-psychological attitudes of the individual in various spheres of life. Socio-psychological attitudes have a huge impact on motivation, professional self-determination, and other aspects of the high schooler. Adolescence is a sensitive period for the development of emotional intelligence. Depending on the extent to which the emotional intelligence of the student is expressed, there can be various manifestations of the socio-psychological attitudes. Materials and methods. The study aims to explore the features of socio-psychological attitudes in high school students with various levels of emotional intelligence. The main method of research is testing. The study also relies on the emotional intelligence questionnaire ”Emin” (D. V. Lyusin), the Methodology for diagnosing socio-psychological attitudes of a person in the motivation-and-need sphere (O. F. Potemkina), and the Scale of optimism and activity (N. Vodopyanova, M. Stein). Students of grades 10-11 took part in the diagnostic tests. Results. The findings have revealed that intrapersonal emotional intelligence is better developed in high school students, whereas some indicators of emotional intelligence show their insufficient level of their development. These are understanding of other people’s emotions, sensitivity to the inner state of another person and, in general, interpersonal emotional intelligence. The integral indicator of emotional intelligence is average for the majority of respondents. Altruism orientation and money orientation predominate in the socio-psychological attitudes of the individual. In our opinion, altruism for high school students is a way to acquire the moral experience of humanity, and their money attitude is connected with the values and attitudes of their family. Discussion and Conclusion. The study has proved that there are specific features of the socio-psychological attitudes of high school students with different levels of emotional intelligence, namely: students with a high level of emotional intelligence focus on the process and altruism, their expression of optimism and activity is also higher than that in the students with low emotional intelligence.

Социально-психологические установки адвокатов, сменивших профессию следователя

The article presents the findings of the research of socio-psychological attitudes of lawyers who previously worked as investigators. 60 respondents have been surveyed, with 20 of them being lawyers, another 20 being investigators and the remaining 20 were lawyers pre-viously working as investigators. These techniques were used: 1) “Methodology for diag-nostics of personality’s socio-psychological attitudes in the need-motivational sphere” by Potyomkina O.F. 2) “Hope anchors” by Sheyn E. It has been shown that lawyers who previ-ously worked as investigators are focused on their career, fulfillment of their ideals and values in their profession. They strive to use their talents and knowledge to the fullest, to be effective, they have an urge to be free and independent. Among other things, the study con-cludes that one of the subjective reasons for investigators to become lawyers are the distinctive socio-psychological attitudes of their personalities. The results of the study can be useful for psychological interpretations of choice and change of one’s occupation, to pre-vent occupational destructions in people of law professions. They can also be taken into ac-count by psychologists and psychological services when modeling lawyers and investiga-tors’ psychic profiles.

Новые рубежи исследований этносоциальных процессов в российских регионах

The article highlights the results of the work of the 5th All-Russian scientific and practical conference “Positive experience in the regulation of ethno-social and ethno-cultural processes in the regions of the Russian Federation”, held on April 28–29, 2022 in Kazan. The main thematic areas of the forum focus on identities (all-Russian, regional, local, ethnic), their influence on the socio-psychological attitudes of the Russians and on interethnic relations; language policy and language processes in Russian regions; migration; theory and practice of post-secular society. The appeal of the conference participants to a wider range of topics is pointed out, taking into account the tasks facing the modern Russian society. They include the consequences of Covid-19 and intangible resources for the development of Russia and its subjects in the context of the formation of the new world order.