Socio-political Factors Research Articles

Socioeconomic, Psychological, and Informational Dynamics in Shaping American Public Opinion Perceptions on Climate Change.

Climate change remains one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century, invoking a wide spectrum of public opinions and attitudes. In the United States, sociopolitical, economic, and educational factors influence the public's perception of climate change and its science. This study examines the complexities of American public opinion on climate change by analyzing the relationship between various socio-demographic variables and three specific perceptions: belief in the occurrence of climate change, support for a carbon tax, and the convincingness of climate science. Utilizing logistic and linear regression models on survey data, this study identifies significant predictors for each climate change perception metric. The results indicate that political party affiliation, particularly Republican identification, is inversely related to the belief in climate change and the persuasiveness of climate science. Conversely, educational attainment correlates positively with the belief in climate change and support for carbon taxation, suggesting that higher education levels foster greater acceptance and proactive attitudes towards climate policy. Gender analysis revealed that males are less inclined to find climate science convincing, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive communication strategies. Interestingly, regional factors showed negligible influence on climate change perceptions, challenging common assumptions about geographical determinants. This study contributes to the discourse on environmental policy and public engagement by delineating the demographic contours of climate change belief systems in the U.S., offering insights for targeted educational and communication strategies to bridge the ideological divide and enhance public consensus for climate action.

“A Blessing and a Curse”: The Impact of Sociopolitical Events and National Discourse Surrounding Sexual Violence on College Campuses

Abstract Purpose Examining the influence of policy change and socio-political factors is paramount for contextualizing and addressing sexual violence. The purpose of this paper is to provide findings from a secondary qualitative analysis of the impacts of national and local high-profile events on the dialogue and actions surrounding violence prevention and response on college campuses. Methods Data from mcBEE, a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded project exploring the adoption and implementation of violence prevention programming on multiple college campuses in the United States were used for this analysis. Data include responses from 60-min telephone interviews with key informants (i.e., campus personnel in administrative roles or connected to violence prevention programming efforts) between 2017 and 2019. Results Interviews (n = 68) revealed that high-profile events (i.e., Title IX legislation, news coverage of sexual assault cases, and the #MeToo and It’s On Us movements) increased dialogue about violence prevention and response on some campuses, while others experienced activism and advocacy surrounding sexual assault, including greater accountability and response from campus leadership. Some participants connected national political discourse (i.e., the 2016 presidential election, Brett Kavanaugh nomination to the U.S. Supreme Court) to increases in violence perpetration and decreased reporting and help-seeking behaviors after sexual assault. Conclusions Sociopolitical events and shifts in national dialogue surrounding violence affect perceptions and behaviors among students, faculty, staff, and overall college campus communities. Identifying potential impacts of national events can inform future prevention and response efforts and mobilize campus communities toward meaningful change.

Non-ecological factors affect human interaction with urban nature and perception of cultural ecosystem services

Cultural ecosystem services (CESs) are not only affected by ecological factors, but also by non-ecological factors such as demographic and socio-political factors. Especially for CESs in urban ecosystems, it is necessary to study how the people's perception of CESs change during the changes in social contexts and urban management. The COVID-19 outbreak caused dramatic changes for human society. In this study, we evaluated people's perceptions of CESs provided by an urban park of Shanghai in four phases of the pre-, during and post-COVID period. It is found that aesthetic, historical and recreational values are perceived in the four phases, but the distribution of people's perceptions for CESs varied considerably, influenced by the socio-political contexts. Besides, we emphasized the importance of focusing on the CESs perceived during the prohibited use, as this is a rare period when people were separated from the park and can only perceive CESs indirectly. People's perception of CESs through indirect interactions with ecosystems has received little attention in previous research, but it should be valued by mangers to respond the issues of CESs equity.

Puerto Rican physician’s recommendations to mitigate medical migration from Puerto Rico to the mainland United States

Puerto Rico (PR) is a United States (US) territory with a history of colonial violence, poverty, and government corruption. Due to these sociopolitical factors and natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes and earthquakes), there has been a sharp increase in PR residents migrating to the mainland US. Local media and professional health organizations focus on the impact of medical migration on the PR health system (e.g., health personnel shortages and long waiting periods for critical care). According to the PR College of Physicians and Surgeons, 365–500 physicians have left annually since 2014, which represents a crisis of access to health services. However, few studies have focused on ways to mitigate medical migration from PR to the US mainland. This article describes the recommendations provided by migrating and non-migrating Puerto Rican Physicians (PRPs) to mitigate medical migration from PR to the US mainland. We focus on qualitative data from a mixed-methods NIH-funded study (1R01MD014188) to explore factors that motivate or mitigate migration among migrating (n = 26) and non-migrating (n = 24) PRPs. Interviews were analyzed following thematic analysis guidelines. Results show the following themes: 1) strategies to retain early-career medical residents living in PR; 2) recommendations for local government on future health policy; and 3) work environment initiatives for health institutions to mitigate physician migration. Findings suggest multilevel efforts are required to mitigate medical migration in PR.

Beyond the banks and deluge: understanding riverscape, flood vulnerability, and responses in kashmir

AbstractFlooding in Kashmir results from a complex interplay of physical, sociopolitical, and economic factors, which presents a severe environmental challenge. The intricate interplay between the Jhelum’s riverscape, social interactions, and economic factors is profoundly shaped by the persistent problem of flooding and its associated vulnerabilities. In this study, we examine the vulnerability of Kashmir to flooding and provide a comprehensive assessment of the recent floods. The purpose of this vulnerability assessment is to delve into these intricacies and offer deeper understanding of flood vulnerability in Kashmir. We explore the concept of riverscape in the context of the Jhelum River to encompass a holistic view of the river, understanding its physical features and socio-economic aspects, and examining the spatial and temporal dynamics of river ecosystems. This study analyses the spatial distribution of the inundated population, rainfall and hydrological analysis, flood gauge analysis of the Jhelum River, hydrological trends, and annual peak discharge at key discharge stations from 2003 to 2023. We analyse the policy landscape, social capital, and responses to recent flooding and provide a historical analysis of these policies. Using a mixed methods approach of qualitative as well as remote sensing methods to analyse recent flooding in Kashmir, we assessed the impact of flooding on population and LULC. We analyse how marginalised communities, lacking essential services and resources, disproportionately bear the brunt of these floods.

A Socio-Cognitive Account of Ideological Manipulation in Chinese Translation of Political Opinion Articles

ABSTRACT In the realm of politics and media, particularly in situations of conflict, translation plays a critical role in resisting the discourse of news texts towards the socio-political correctness of the target society. Translation researchers have long focused on ideological manipulation and related techniques, notably in the translation of political news, linking ideologically motivated translation techniques to their macro functions (socio-political factors) via critical discursive approaches, but rarely have they examined what mediates these techniques and the social context. The main aim of the present study is to provide a socio-cognitive account of such ideological manipulations based on van Dijk’s notion of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The corpus of the study consists of opinion articles covering the Ukrainian conflict, originally published by American news institutions, and their corresponding Chinese translations in Chinese newspapers. Documented and supported by several examples, the findings suggest that the manipulations are mainly motivated by the polarization of “US” and “THEM”.

Unlocking the tapestry of conservation: Navigating ecological resettlement policies in Nepal

Conservation initiatives involve a complex interplay of various ecological, socio-political, and economic factors. Ecological resettlement (ER), implemented within the context of nature conservation policies, stands as one of the most contested issues worldwide. This study aims to navigate the domain of ER policy in conservation through discursive institutionalism and a policy arrangement approach. Focusing on Nepal's conservation policy pathways over the last seven decades, we critically analyze policy ideas and narratives, trends, patterns of policy development, institutional arrangements, driving factors, and responses to contemporary ER policies. Methods involved a systematic literature review (n = 271), a comprehensive review of policy documents and project reports (n > 150), and expert interviews (n = 20). Over the past 50 years, >7600 households in Nepal have been displaced in the name of ER and are still persisting despite the rhetoric of participatory conservation. With changes in political regimes, conservation policy has shifted from a hunting-focused approach to landscape-level and transboundary conservation. Initially influenced by internal factors such as economic and political governance, conservation policies were later shaped by international conservation discourse. Also, the operational sphere of such policy ideas and narratives ˗ including actors, resources, discourses, and rules ˗ along with trends, priorities, institutional arrangements, and driving factors of ER policies, has changed over time. Further, the exclusion of deprived communities and the capture of conservation benefits by elites have undermined conservation values. This research stresses the importance of a judicious balance between people's welfare and nature's integrity, emphasizing community-based natural resource management models accredited to a conservation standard. We further urge the revision of displacement-oriented conservation policies to secure the rights of Indigenous people and traditional landholders, thereby ensuring conservation and sustainable development at both national and global levels.

Religious Minority and Peaceful Coexistence: The Dynamics of the Ahmadiyya Community in Malang, Indonesia

The position of the Ahmadiyya is problematic since it claims to be a part of the Muslim community, but it is considered a deviant sect by the mainstream Sunni Muslims in Indonesia. There has been persecution and violence towards this minority. The violence towards the Ahmadiyya increased most notably after the issuance of a joint ministerial decree in 2008, which limits the activities and proselytization of the Ahmadiyya. Interestingly, although affected by the national and regional discourse on the Ahmadiyya, the Ahmadiyya community in Malang, East Java, still lives peacefully with other faith communities. By employing qualitative content analysis, the present study examines the dynamics of the Ahmadiyya as a religious minority in the context of a plural society in Malang, East Java. More specifically, it investigates two main research problems, namely the Ahmadiyya community’s agency in response to the limitation of their activities and the socio-political and socio-religious factors relatively supporting peaceful life of the Ahmadiyya community. This study reveals a distinct picture that stays in contrast to the majority of Ahmadiyya communities in Indonesia, which is often associated with discrimination and persecution.

The Evolution of the University Textbook on Library Science: 1960—2024

The year 2025 will mark the 65th anniversary of the first Soviet textbook “General Library Science” prepared by O.S. Chubaryan. It was followed by other textbooks in this discipline. Reconstructing their history and evolutionary transformations is important to reflect and evaluate the progressive development and achievements of Soviet and post-Soviet library science. This is a unique pedagogical experience of forming professional knowledge and self-awareness of several generations of future library specialists, many of whom became veterans of librarianship and contributed to its progress. In Soviet times four textbooks on library science were published, approved by the Ministry of Culture of the USSR for use in higher education institutions of the country — three editions of the textbook by O.S. Chubaryan (1960, 1968, 1976) and one collective work — “Library Science. General Course”, prepared by Moscow and Leningrad scientists under the editorship of K.I. Abramov and N.S. Kartashov (1988). The post-Soviet textbook “General Library Science” by V.V. Skvortsov and N.S. Kartashov (1996—1997) was published in two parts. The transition to the Bologna system of education in Russia and the activation of higher education served as a catalyst for the project of publishing textbooks for bachelors of library and information science, the first of which — “Library Science. General Course” under the scientific editorship of A.N. Vaneyev and M.N. Kolesnikova (2013). Later, the textbook of the Moscow State Institute of Culture was published under the editorship of M.Y. Dvorkina and L.I. Salnikova (2015). At the current stage of modernization of the country’s higher education system and withdrawal from the Bologna system of education, the updating of the entire series of textbooks began. The textbook “Library Science. General Course” edited by M.N. Kolesnikova (2024) is prepared on a different conceptual basis than the previous post-Soviet textbooks. From edition to edition, the main professional textbook underwent transformations due to socio-political, cultural-historical, technological and other factors.

The Study of Bond Spreads and Credit Ratings in Honduras

This research rigorously examines the intricate influences on Honduras' cost of borrowing from 2013 to 2022. The study employs the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) and Standard and Poor's as main determinants. Control variables include macroeconomic fundamentals that pertain to a country’s performance such as GDP growth, inflation and international reserves, fiscal variables such as debt-to-GDP ratio, and the central administration’s balance, and global factors such as global risk aversion measured by the Chicago Board Options Exchange's CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) and U.S rates. The study finds that country-specific fundamentals, global factors, corruption perceptions, sovereign credit ratings, and political risk all play significant roles in influencing Honduras’ cost of borrowing. It also exposes the limitations of credit ratings in capturing the truth about bond pricing in Honduras. These findings highlight the complex interplay of economic, global, and sociopolitical factors in shaping Honduras' bond spreads, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach to credit risk assessment and bond market analysis. The results from this research contribute to economic stability strategies for policymakers, enhance understanding for economists, and assists investors and financial analysts in making informed decisions based on identified variables impacting bond spreads.

Sociopolitical Trends and Attitudes Towards Transgender People: A Validation Study of the Transgender Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs (T-KAB) Scale in a Portuguese Sample

Abstract Introduction Attitudes towards transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals are associated with discrimination against TGD people and underly TGD minority stress. Despite Portugal’s progressive legal framework, anti-trans interactions and discourse are reported. Nonetheless, studies on trans attitudes are still incipient in Portugal. The Transgender Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs (T-KAB) scale is a psychometrically sound measure of transgender attitudes. However, its convergent validity with transphobia is yet to be tested, and its ability to study sociopolitical factors driving pro-trans attitudes is unexplored. Methods We explored the psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of T-KAB in an online collected (February 2022 to May 2022) sample of Portuguese adults (N = 447), and tested differences (ANOVA; t-test) in T-KAB according to sociopolitical factors. Results Results from the Principal Axis Factoring and Parallel Analysis showed a two-factor measure of acceptance, comfort, and social tolerance towards trans people. Both factors presented an excellent internal consistency (α = .94 and α = .95) and were significantly associated with the Genderism and Transphobia Scale. Conclusions Results found that participants with a heterosexual orientation, less contact with TGD people, less educated, religious, and who endorsed a right-wing or conservative political ideology showed lower T-KAB scores. These results corroborate the psychometric validity of the T-KAB, as well as its ability to identify sociopolitical segments of the population according to their attitudes towards TGD people. Policy Implications This study informs future research on tailored interventions to increase transgender acceptance, comfort, and social tolerance in the general population.

Mapping Translanguaging Practices in The EFL Classroom: A Bibliometric Analysis 2015-2024

Purpose: This study examines the evolving field of translanguaging within English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. Design/Methodology/Approach: A bibliometric analysis of research publication from 2015 to 2024, sourced from the dimension database, reveals key trends, influential authors, and the impact of technology on translanguaging practices in language learning. Findings: A flow in publications over this period highlights the growing interest ad recognition of translanguaging as a valuable pedagogical approach within EFL contexts. The research encompasses a diverse range of areas, including language, communication, culture, linguistics, education, curriculum, and pedagogy. This underscores the multifaceted nature of translanguaging and its relevance across multiple disciplines. Studies repeatedly demonstrate the positive benefits of translanguaging in EFL classrooms. These benefits include improved language acquisition, literacy development, student participation, and a more inclusive learning environment. The analysis identifies leading scholars whose work has significantly shaped the field and continues to guide the direction of translanguaging research. Furthermore, the study finds that integrating digital technologies into translanguaging practices further enhances language learning experiences. Research, Practical & Social implications: This study has important implications for educators, researchers, and policymakers engaged in EFL education. The evidence clearly supports the adoption of translanguaging approaches to maximize the learning potential of linguistically diverse students. Future research should explicitly examine the potential of translanguaging to develop creativity, critical thinking, and the influence of socio-political factors surrounding its implementation. The study’s findings highlight the need for educational policies that promote multilingualism and inclusivity in language classroom. Originality/Value: This study offers a novel contribution by systematically analyzing the development of translanguaging research within EFL education over a decade. Utilizing a comprehensive bibliometric approach, the study identifies key trends, influential authors, and the integration of digital technologies, highlighting the multifaceted benefits of translanguaging as an effective pedagogical approach that enhances language acquisition, literacy, and student participation, thus promoting a more inclusive and dynamic learning environment.

Discursive Practices of Serbian Cultural Intelligentsia and Production of Socio-Political Crisis Through and within the Union of Writers of Yugoslavia during 1985

In her work and on the basis of archival material, the author presents and analyzes the discursive practices of writers gathered in the Union of Writers of Yugoslavia, and articulated through the work of its governing bodies – Congresses, Assemblies, and the Presidency – throughout 1985. Namely, that year, at the 9th Congress of Writers in Novi Sad, one part of Serbian writers, gathered in the Association of Writers of Serbia, opened and actualized the so-called Kosovo issue within the Union, by constructing uniformly structured, and persistently repeated ideological narrative about the endangerment and persecution of Serbs in Kosovo, claiming that it was – genocide. The paper presents and summarizes the main features of the aforementioned congress, which indicate that the Yugoslav socio-political crisis of the early 1980s deeply affected the Union during 1985 and that it revealed deep conceptual divisions among Serbian and other writers in Yugoslavia. The dividing line was built around the rejection of the 1974 Constitution and the denial of national-cultural and republican identities and borders within Yugoslavia, on the one hand, and their defense and plea for them, on the other. The text seeks to clarify what the concept of freedom of literary creation and politicization of literature, which was advocated and defended by the Serbian cultural intelligentsia at the 9th Congress, essentially meant, as well as to point out that the period of the 1980s was marked by the ambition of writers to affirm themselves as significant socio-political factor through criticism of dogmatic and repressive political authorities of socialist selfgovernment. The author then focuses on the work of the Literary Union Presidency during 1985, and on the discursive practices of some Serbian writers, gathered in the Association of Writers of Serbia and the Association of Writers of Kosovo, articulated through The Open Letter and other letters of the UKS administration, which insisted on further opening of the so-called Kosovo issue and made serious accusations against the Albanian administration of the Kosovo Writers' Association. This encouraged the continuation of the crisis production process within the Union. She concludes that behind all of these discursive efforts was a concrete goal of recentralizing the federal literary organization, mastering the Kosovo literary association and discursively supporting the Serbian political elite, which at the same time, at the federal political level, insisted on opening and resolving the so-called Kosovo issue and the issue of unity of the Serbian federal and state unit within Yugoslavia. The author started from the hypothesis that (war) violence, specifically that in Kosovo, against Albanians, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, was conceived, among other things, in the words of the Serbian humanistic intelligentsia, which produced discursive/ideological knowledge through which interpreted the past and present of the national community and which aimed to encourage national mobilization and homogenization and put them at the service of a certain political project – the recentralization of the Yugoslav state, of Serbia, strengthening and unification of the imagined and scattered Serbian national-cultural society in Yugoslavia. Through the aforementioned discursive knowledge, a stigmatic image of the barbaric Albanian Other was built, which served to legitimize his exemption from the legal order, i.e. the imposition of a state of emergency and the normalization of violence in Kosovo throughout 1990s. Given that the aim of this paper was to give a meticulous overview of a conjuncture episodes in the work of the Union of Writers of Yugoslavia during 1985 and discursive strategies that would lead to its disintegration in the continuation of the process, and since this topic is still largely subject to politicization, the author let the sources “speak” in the text to the greatest extent possible.

Educational Game Teaching Methods on Communicative English Listening and Speaking Abilities for Early Childhood Students

Background and Aims: Early childhood education (ECE) in China has undergone significant transformations, shaped by historical, cultural, and socio-political factors. The foundations of early education in China can be traced back to Confucian traditions, emphasizing moral development and the importance of family and community in transmitting cultural values. This overview explores the historical roots, current practices, challenges, and notable reforms in China's general early childhood education system, providing a comprehensive understanding of its evolution. Thus, the purposes of this research were to:1) To compare the communicative English listening abilities of early childhood students after learning through the educational game teaching method with the criterion determined of 70 percent of the full score. 2) To compare the communicative English speaking abilities of the early childhood students after learning through the educational game teaching method with the criterion determined of 70 percent of the full score. The sample of this study is 30 early childhood students (1 classroom) of Jinshan Xinyuan Preschool Zoucheng City in the academic year of 2023 which was selected by cluster random sampling method. Materials and Methods: The population of this study is 180 early childhood students (6 classrooms), who were enrolled in English courses. The sample of this study is 30 early childhood students (1 classroom) of Jinshan Xinyuan Preschool Zoucheng City in the academic year of 2023 which was selected by cluster random sampling method. Data was collected through listening rubrics and speaking rubrics and SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data, the data used for analysis were the mean value of samples, standard deviation, and single sample t-test. Result: The results of the study were as follows: (1) As presented in Table 4.3, the mean scores of students’ English Communicative English Listening Abilities after learning through Learning Management Using the educational game teaching methods were 11.8 and the standard deviation was 1.69. which was statistically higher than the criterion of 70% at a .05 level of statistical significance (t29 =38.25, p＜0.05). The data above showed that Learning Management Using the educational game teaching methods was able to enhance the students’ Communicative English Listening Ability. (2) As presented in Table 4.3, the mean scores of students’ Communicative English-Speaking Abilities after learning through Learning Management Using the educational game teaching methods were 14.77 and the standard deviation was 2.65. which was statistically higher than the criterion of 70% at a .05 level of statistical significance (t29=30.54, p=0.000 < .05). The data above showed that Learning Management Using the educational game teaching methods was able to enhance the students’ Communicative English-Speaking Ability. Conclusion: According to the research results, we can draw the following conclusions: The average score and standard deviation of the preschool students who adopted the educational game teaching mode were higher than the standard of 70% at the level of statistical significance of 0.05. The educational game teaching method can enhance the preschool students’ Communicative English Listening and Speaking Abilities.

Centering Community Perspectives to Advance Recognitional Justice for Sustainable Cities: Lessons from Urban Forest Practice

Cities worldwide are grappling with complex urban environmental injustices. While environmental justice as a concept has gained prominence in both academia and policy, operationalizing and implementing environmental justice principles and norms remains underexplored. Notably, less attention has been given to centering the perspectives and experiences of community-based actors operating at the grassroots level, who can inform and strengthen urban environmental justice practice. Through ethnographic, participant-as-observer methods, interviews, and geovisualizations, this study explores the perspectives, experiences, knowledge, and practices of community-based urban forest stewards in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (United States) who are invested in addressing environmental injustices through urban tree-planting and stewardship. Interviewees were asked how they were addressing issues of distribution, procedure, and recognition in urban forest planning and practice, as well as the socio-political and institutional factors that have influenced their perspectives and practices. Particular attention is given to how urban forest stewards implement recognitional justice principles. Findings from this study exposed several complex socio-political challenges affecting steward engagement in community-led tree initiatives and the broader pursuit of environmental justice, including discriminatory urban planning practices, gentrification concerns, underrepresentation of Black and Latinx voices in decision-making, volunteer-based tree-planting models, and tree life cycle costs. Nevertheless, urban forest stewards remain dedicated to collective community-building to address environmental injustices and stress the importance of recognizing, listening to, dialoguing with, and validating the perspectives and experiences of their neighbors as essential to their process.

Navigating Kuwait's water scarcity challenges: A holistic analysis of water resources, environmental impact, cost, and policy implications

Due to fossil fuels abundance at a relatively low cost of extraction, Kuwait relies heavily on non-conventional water resources, namely desalination and treated wastewater, to sustain its water sector. However, Kuwait finds itself balancing between the benefits of its rentier economy and the challenges posed by its reliance on fossil fuels, navigating a complex landscape of economic and environmental sustainability. This paper endeavors to explore the complex paradox surrounding Kuwait's water resources, examining the role of desalination, wastewater treatment, and groundwater extraction. It discusses into the barriers hindering efforts towards reform and mitigation strategies aimed at promoting sustainable water management practices. Including obstacles rooted in various socioeconomic and sociopolitical factors, such as low utility tariffs, heavy dependence on fossil fuels, and deficiencies in the country's water infrastructure. Through the application of a life cycle assessment and a detailed cost analysis, this research unveils the significant environmental and financial burdens associated with Kuwait's current water supply methods, prompting concerns regarding their sustainability and the nation's water security. While the primary focus of this study is on Kuwait, the analysis and findings hold broader implications and repercussions.

A data-driven approach to implementing the HPTN 094 complex intervention INTEGRA in local communities

BackgroundHIV burden in the US among people who inject drugs (PWID) is driven by overlapping syndemic factors such as co-occurring health needs and environmental factors that synergize to produce worse health outcomes among PWID. This includes stigma, poverty, and limited healthcare access (e.g. medication to treat/prevent HIV and for opioid use disorder [MOUD]). Health services to address these complex needs, when they exist, are rarely located in proximity to each other or to the PWID who need them. Given the shifting drug use landscapes and geographic heterogeneity in the US, we evaluate a data-driven approach to guide the delivery of such services to PWID in local communities.MethodsWe used a hybrid, type I, embedded, mixed method, data-driven approach to identify and characterize viable implementation neighborhoods for the HPTN 094 complex intervention, delivering integrated MOUD and HIV treatment/prevention through a mobile unit to PWID across five US cities. Applying the PRISM framework, we triangulated geographic and observational pre-implementation phase data (epidemiological overdose and HIV surveillance data) with two years of implementation phase data (weekly ecological assessments, study protocol meetings) to characterize environmental factors that affected the viability of implementation neighborhoods over time and across diverse settings.ResultsNeighborhood-level drug use and geographic diversity alongside shifting socio-political factors (policing, surveillance, gentrification) differentially affected the utility of epidemiological data in identifying viable implementation neighborhoods across sites. In sites where PWID are more geographically dispersed, proximity to structural factors such as public transportation and spaces where PWID reside played a role in determining suitable implementation sites. The utility of leveraging additional data from local overdose and housing response systems to identify viable implementation neighborhoods was mixed.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that data-driven approaches provide a contextually relevant pragmatic strategy to guide the real-time implementation of integrated care models to better meet the needs of PWID and help inform the scale-up of such complex interventions. This work highlights the utility of implementation science methods that attend to the impact of local community environmental factors on the implementation of complex interventions to PWID across diverse drug use, sociopolitical, and geographic landscapes in the US.Trial registrationClincalTrials.gov, Registration Number: NCT04804072. Registered 18 February 2021.

Beyond traditional supply chain management: Addressing sociopolitical challenges in increasingly turbulent global trade landscape

AbstractAn increasing number of sociopolitical issues, including international wars, armed conflicts, decoupling of economic powers, deglobalization, nationalism, protectionism, sanctions, tariff wars, political tensions, and other sociopolitical forces affecting global supply chains (GSCs) and supply chain management (SCM) strategies. Amidst these sociopolitical factors, the global trade landscape is undergoing a seismic shift. This paper examines the complex web of these sociopolitical aspects, their impact on SCM strategies, and their implications for GSCs. The systematic literature review approach is used for this research, which entails the following steps: selecting and assessing pertinent sources, summarizing and synthesizing the literature, examining challenges and opportunities, articulating conclusions, and pinpointing prospective directions for future research. The findings of this study reveal that these sociopolitical factors have significant impacts on multiple facets of SCM, such as sourcing strategies, supplier relationships, risk management, and overall supply chain resilience. In addition, the study presents a roadmap for businesses to effectively navigate these difficulties, which involves diversifying supply chain networks, integrating corporate sustainability strategies, and implementing environmental, social, and governance factors into business operations. The originality of this research lies in its integrated and holistic approach to the integration of sociopolitical factors into SCM theory and practice.

Cutting Cultural Ties? Reasons Why Ukrainians Terminate or Continue to Interact With Russian Culture Despite the Ongoing Russian-Ukrainian War

The study investigates the factors related to Ukrainian nationals’ engagement or disengagement with Russian culture amid Russian-Ukrainian war. It explores the predictors of both continued engagement and reasons for terminating interaction, considering demographic, emotional, and circumstantial factors. A cross-sectional correlational design was used, involving 935 participants (305 continuing and 630 ceasing interaction with Russian culture). Participants completed questionnaires and detailed their engagement with Russian culture across various cultural items. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were conducted for analysis. The study found that factors like spoken language and coping strategies play a significant role in the decision to cut cultural ties. For those continuing interaction, language and emotional attachment were influential, alongside practical necessities like work/study requirements and the absence of Ukrainian alternatives. The study highlights a complex interplay of emotion, language, and age in shaping Ukrainians’ interaction with Russian culture during the war. It suggests future research should include additional sociopolitical and sociocultural factors, and a broader demographic representation to gain more nuanced perspectives.

Reform, Fighting Corruption, and Countering Terrorism by the Jordanian Media: A Corpus-Based Analysis of the Jordanian Local News Articles

This study combines the quantitative tools of computational linguistics and the qualitative methods of critical discourse analysis to examine the terms reform, corruption, and terrorismin Jordanian media before, during, and after the Arab Spring. The study builds three sub-corpora representative of the three periods under investigation: the pre-uprising corpus consists of 2059 news items from 2005 to 2009; the during-uprising corpus includes 2957 news items from 2011 to 2012; and the post-uprising corpus has 2436 news items from 2016 to 2017. In data analysis, the study uses the tools provided by AntConc software program to uncover the sociopolitical factors and challenges associated with reform, fightingcorruption, and counteringterrorism in Jordan. The findings of the study reveal that local news stories about terrorism, corruption, and reformdiffer significantly in terms of frequency and content in the pre-, post-, and during-uprising periods. The study indicates that sociopolitical conditions influence news coverage of the topics reform, corruption, and terrorismand thatnews articles are the medium where socialand political events are manifested. Keywords: Corpus linguistics, discourse analysis, Jordanian newspaper, media, Arab Spring